JP2010240508A - Cyclone device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyclone device in which foreign matters hardly get clogged inside even when liquid containing a large amount of foreign matters mixed therein is filtered and the foreign matters are easily removed even when they are clogged. <P>SOLUTION: A cyclone separator 1 includes a conical vortex flow chamber 3 whose lower end serves as a lower nozzle hole 2 of a small diameter, an introducing pipe 5 for supplying the liquid containing the foreign matters from a tangential direction to an upper cylinder part 4 in the conical vortex flow chamber 3, a discharge port 6 communicating with the lower nozzle hole 2, and a lead-out pipe 7 disposed at the axial center upper part of the conical vortex flow chamber 3 and used for taking out clean liquid filtered inside the conical vortex flow chamber 3 to the outside. The cyclone device has: the cyclone separator 1 provided with the conical vortex flow chamber 3 in which the diameter of the lower nozzle hole 2 is increased so as to generate inverted rising flow, a tank part 8, below the conical vortex flow chamber, for attenuating turning flow, and the discharge port 6 for generating the inverted rising flow inside the conical vortex flow chamber 3 at the end of the tank part 8; and a pump for forcibly feeding the liquid to the cyclone separator 1 which is turned to the pump in a vortex structure of a large foreign matter passing diameter. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

            The present invention relates to a cyclone device for filtering a coolant liquid containing a large amount of metal chips, abrasive grains for grinding, and the like.

          The coolant used for lubrication and cooling of machined parts of metal machine tools contains a lot of metal chips and abrasive grains, so the contained substances are filtered and reused with a cyclone device. .

          As shown in FIG. 2, the cyclone separator 1 is formed in a conical vortex chamber 3 in which the inside of the cyclone separator 1 is narrowed at the bottom and the lower nozzle hole 2 has a small diameter at the lower end. An inlet pipe 5 for supplying coolant liquid from the tangential direction to the cylindrical portion 4, a discharge port 6 communicating with the lower nozzle hole 2, and an axial center of the conical vortex chamber 3 at the top of the cyclone separator 1. The structure is provided with a lead-out pipe 7 for taking out the clean liquid which is arranged and filtered in the conical vortex chamber 3.

          Such a cyclone separator 1 is swirled by the action of the vortex chambers 3 and 4 when a coolant liquid having a flow velocity from the tangential direction is supplied from the introduction pipe 5 to the upper cylindrical portion 4 in the conical vortex chamber 3. The foreign material contained in the coolant liquid flows downward as a vortex, settles along the inner walls of the vortex chambers 3 and 4 by centrifugal force, and is taken out from the lower nozzle hole 2 through the discharge port 6 as dirty liquid. At the same time, the clean liquid from which the foreign matter has been separated is taken out from the upper outlet pipe 7 by the rising vortex and reused.

          By the way, in the cyclone separator 1 described above, when a liquid in which a large amount of foreign matter is mixed is supplied, a large amount of foreign matter is separated by the action of the vortex chambers 3 and 4, and along the inner wall of the inner conical vortex chamber 3 of the cyclone separator 1. In some cases, foreign matter may become clogged due to sedimentation.

As described above, when the foreign matter is clogged due to the lower stenosis, there is, for example, a backwash with backwash water through the discharge port 6 to remove the foreign matter clogged with the lower stagnation. .
(For example, refer to Patent Document 1.)

Japanese Patent No. 2858980

However, the conventional backwashing method described above is a problem avoidance method that is based on the premise that the foreign matter is clogged due to the narrowing of the lower portion, and the liquid before filtration may be temporarily taken out from the outlet pipe 7 as a clean liquid as it is. Also, the system becomes complicated.
Further, the clogged foreign matter is clogged in the shape of a conical lower part inside the cyclone separator 1, and there are cases where clogging defects cannot be avoided by backwashing alone.

An object of the present invention is not to remove the foreign matter after the conventional foreign matter is clogged but to make it difficult to clog the foreign matter fundamentally.
Moreover, even if a foreign object is clogged, it becomes a structure which can remove a foreign material easily.

      As described above, when the separated foreign matter is clogged due to the narrowing of the lower portion, the filtration function is lost and the supplied liquid before filtration is taken out from the outlet pipe 7 as a clean liquid as it is.

      As described above, if the liquid that is not filtered and mixed with foreign matters is taken out from the outlet pipe 7 as a clean liquid, the lubrication of the processed part of the metal processing machine, which is the supply destination of the clean liquid, is reduced. There may be problems such as reduced accuracy.

      As described above, when the foreign matter separated in the cyclone separator 1 is clogged and the filtering function is lost, the pump for supplying the coolant is stopped to remove the foreign matter inside the cyclone separator 1. Also, it is necessary to stop the metal processing machine and the like, and the cyclone separator 1 has to be disassembled, resulting in a problem of labor and cost.

      In some cases, the pump itself for supplying the coolant liquid to the cyclone separator is clogged inside by foreign matter and the liquid cannot be supplied to the cyclone separator.

      Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to supply a liquid containing a large amount of foreign matter as described above to the cyclone separator or to prevent the foreign matter from clogging in the vortex chamber inside the cyclone separator. Provides a cyclone separator with a structure that can easily remove foreign matter even if it is clogged, and that supplies liquid to the cyclone separator. Is provided with a pump that is less likely to be clogged with foreign matter.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has a cylindrical nozzle having a large diameter at the lower nozzle hole at the lower end of the conical vortex chamber inside the cyclone separator and having the same diameter as the lower nozzle hole having a large diameter. A swirl flow attenuation tank part is provided, and a discharge port having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the swirl flow attenuation tank part is provided at the lower end thereof.
In addition, even if the foreign matter is clogged, the structure in which the swirling flow attenuation tank portion and the discharge port portion can be removed is configured so that the clogged foreign matter can be easily removed.

          According to the present invention, the vortex chamber inside the cyclone separator is clogged with foreign matter because the lower end of the conical vortex chamber is narrowed and the lower end is a small lower nozzle hole. The swirl flow attenuation tank that first improves the passage of foreign matter, prevents clogging at the lower constriction of the conical vortex chamber, and attenuates the cylindrical swirl flow having the same diameter as the large lower nozzle hole. Since the turning of the foreign matter itself is also attenuated by providing, the foreign matter staying time due to the turning at the internal pressure of the cyclone separator is shortened and the foreign matter is efficiently discharged.

However, if the same diameter as that of the large-diameter swirl flow damping tank is discharged, a rising vortex that reverses in the vortex chamber inside the cyclone separator will not be generated, and no liquid will be discharged from the upper outlet pipe and the filtration supplied from the inlet pipe The previous coolant liquid will come out of the outlet as it is.
In a general liquid cyclone separator, if the diameter of the lower nozzle hole becomes too large, the coolant liquid before filtration comes out from the discharge port as it is.
Therefore, by providing a discharge port having a small diameter at the lower end of the cylindrical swirling flow attenuation tank portion having the same diameter as that of the lower nozzle hole having a large diameter, an ascending vortex flow is generated and the change in the liquid amount can be eliminated.

Even if foreign matter is clogged, the conventional hydrocyclone separator has a constricted lower part of the conical vortex chamber and a lower nozzle hole at the lower end. In some cases, foreign matter cannot be removed even if it is pushed up from the discharge port with a stick or the like.
The cyclone separator according to the present invention has a structure in which the swirl flow damping tank and the discharge port can be removed, and the conical vortex chamber has a shallow bottom constriction and a clogged foreign object has a shallow wedge shape. Foreign matter can be easily removed by simply removing the flow damping tank or discharge port and pushing it up with a stick.

Is a longitudinal front view of a cyclone separator according to the present invention. Is a longitudinal front view showing a conventional cyclone separator FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a cyclone device according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, description will be given based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a cyclone separator 1 according to the present invention. The cyclone separator 1 according to the present invention has a constricted lower part of a conical vortex chamber 3 whose lower end has a small diameter lower nozzle hole 2 diameter and a vortex chamber upper cylindrical part. The diameter is about 30% to 50% (preferably about 40% of the diameter) of the 4 diameters, and has a diameter equivalent to that of the lower nozzle hole 2 below, and a length that is 1 to 5 times the diameter of the lower nozzle hole 2 of the conical portion. A cylindrical swirling flow attenuating portion 8 for attenuating a swirling flow about twice (preferably twice) is provided, and a discharge port 6 having a small diameter is provided at the lower end thereof.

      In the case of the clogged foreign matter, FIG. 2 in the case of the conventional cyclone separator 1, the lower end of the conical vortex chamber 3 is narrowed and the lower nozzle hole diameter 2 is small. The shape also becomes a wedge shape constricted at the lower part, and even if backwashing or pushing up with a rod-like object from the discharge port 6, it was difficult to remove foreign matter from the discharge port 6, but the cyclone separator 1 of the present invention is Since the swirl flow damping tank portion 8 and the discharge port 6 are structured to be removable, and the constricted vortex chamber 3 is shallow at the bottom and the wedge shape of the clogged foreign matter is shallow, the swirl flow attenuation tank portion 8 or Foreign matter can be easily removed simply by removing the discharge port 6 and pushing it up with a stick.

      Although the coolant liquid is exemplified as the fluid containing the foreign matter to be processed by the cyclone separator 1 in FIG. 1, it can also be used for the filtration of the liquid containing other foreign matters.

Also, the pump 9 for supplying liquid to the cyclone separator 1 shown in FIG. 1 is pumped by the vortex pump 9 having a large foreign substance passage diameter which is difficult to clog foreign substances, so that the entire cyclone apparatus shown in FIG. The device is less likely to clog foreign matter.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a cyclone apparatus, which is a coolant liquid containing a large amount of metal chips and abrasive grains after being used for lubrication and cooling of a machined portion of a metal machine tool. Flows as a dirty liquid from the machine tool into a dirty liquid tank cut between the coolant tanks 11. In order to filter and reuse this dirty liquid, the liquid is pumped to the cyclone separator 1 with a pump 9, but even if it contains a large amount of foreign matter such as metal chips, it has a vortex structure that does not easily clog the foreign matter. Pumped with a pump 9.
The clean liquid filtered by the cyclone separator 1 flows into a clean liquid tank cut between the coolant tanks 11 and is reused for a metal machine tool by a general coolant pump 10 having a small foreign substance passage diameter.

      When 20 kg of sludge, which is a foreign matter mixed with iron shavings and abrasives discharged in the grinding process, is put into 200 L of coolant liquid and pumped to the conventional cyclone separator 1 as shown in FIG. The foreign matter is clogged by the lower stenosis inside the chamber 3, and the unfiltered coolant liquid that has been supplied is discharged as a clean liquid from the outlet pipe 7 that takes out the originally filtered clean liquid to the outside.

      In order to remove the clogging of the foreign matter, it was pushed up from the discharge port 6 with a stick, but the fibrous iron chips and abrasive grains as the foreign matter were solidified and clogged and could not be discharged from the discharge port 6.

      Therefore, when the conventional cyclone separator 1 shown in FIG. 2 is disassembled, foreign matter is clogged up inside the conical vortex chamber 3 with the lower nozzle hole 2 having a small diameter as a vertex, and when the foreign matter is removed from the conical vortex chamber 3, the conical shape is removed. Speaking of it, it was tightly packed in a wedge shape.

      As for the behavior of the foreign matter that has led to clogging, the specific gravity or particle diameter of the coolant is mixed with a large amount of foreign matter at a time through the introduction pipe 5 of the cyclone separator 1 at a pressure of 0.2 MPa with the vortex pump 9. Large foreign matter receives a strong centrifugal force and gathers in a large amount on the peripheral side of the upper cylindrical portion 4 vortex chamber 3 and the conical vortex chamber 3 and descends toward the lower nozzle hole 2 while swirling. Since the residence time in the room becomes longer, when a large amount of foreign matter flows in one after another, the foreign matter density becomes the highest in the lower nozzle hole 2 part of the small diameter, and the foreign matter starts from the vicinity of the lower nozzle hole 2 part without being efficiently discharged. Gets stuck in the vortex chamber.

      Next, 3 kg of chips after cutting aluminum were put into 200 L of coolant liquid and pumped and supplied to the conventional cyclone separator 1 in FIG. 2. As described above, foreign matter was clogged inside the cyclone conical vortex chamber 3. I have.

      Next, in the cyclone separator 1 of the present invention as shown in FIG. 1, similarly, a foreign liquid mixed under the same conditions as above is pumped and supplied, and the foreign substance separated from the outlet 6 is discharged and filtered. Was discharged from the outlet pipe 7 taken out to the outside.

      In FIG. 1, the cyclone separator 1 of the present invention is not clogged and the foreign matter is discharged because the diameter of the lower nozzle hole 2 is larger than that of the conventional cyclone separator 1 in FIG. 2, and the foreign matter density in the lower nozzle hole 2 is conventional. Attenuating the swirling flow of the coolant that is mixed with a large amount of foreign matter in the swirling flow attenuating tank 8 provided below the lower nozzle hole 2 in a state lower than the cyclone separator 1, the foreign matter itself is also separated by a cyclone by swirling This is because the residence time inside the vessel 1 is shortened and efficiently discharged from the discharge port 6.

As an example of the cyclone separator 1 that is not easily clogged with foreign matter, the cyclone upper cylindrical portion 4 has a diameter of φ100 mm and the diameter of the conical lower nozzle hole 2 is φ40 mm. A swirling flow attenuating tank 8 having an inner diameter of 40 mm and a length of 80 mm was attached below it, and a discharge port 6 having an inner diameter of 15 mm was provided below and filtered as described above.
This dimensional ratio has the same effect even if it is slightly out of size.

      The pump 9 for supplying liquid to the cyclone separator 1 was supplied with a vortex structure pump 9 having a wide gap between the impeller and the casing and being difficult to clog foreign matter.

      A pump 9 for supplying such a mixture of foreign matter to the cyclone separator 1 is a conventional general-purpose coolant pump such as a closed blade pump or a semi-open blade coolant pump having a small foreign material passage diameter. If used, foreign matter may be clogged inside the pump, and the liquid cannot be supplied to the cyclone separator 1.

上記のような結果となり、一般的な液体サイクロン装置の濾過が望まれる異物粒子径である１０μｍ以上の異物除去率において差がないことがわかる。 It should be noted that even if the lower nozzle hole 2 having a lower diameter at the lower end of the conical vortex chamber 3 of the cyclone separator 1 of the present invention is made smaller than the conventional cyclone separator 1, the filtration accuracy does not change. Therefore, an experiment was conducted with the cyclone separator 1 in which the clogging state was confirmed.

<Experimental conditions>
Cyclone device ... Fig. 1 Cyclone device of the present invention and Fig. 2 Conventional cyclone device Foreign material ... Silicon carbide fine powder (specific gravity about 3.2)
Liquid .... Water Stock solution supply pressure ... 0.2 MPa
The supply liquid is filtered under the above conditions, the clean liquid of the cyclone separator 1 is collected from the outlet tube, and the foreign matter removal rate is measured.

The above results are obtained, and it can be seen that there is no difference in the foreign matter removal rate of 10 μm or more, which is a foreign particle size desired to be filtered by a general hydrocyclone apparatus.

Further, the discharge port having the same diameter as the lower nozzle hole of the small diameter before the diameter is increased at the lower end of the cylindrical swirling flow damping tank 8 having the same diameter as the lower nozzle hole 2 of the cyclone separator 1 of the present invention. In order to confirm that there is no change in the amount of clean liquid, which is the liquid after filtration, by providing 6, the result of measuring the amount of clean liquid under the same conditions as in the above experiment is shown below.

      For example, a conventional cyclone separator is used for filtering coolant liquids that contain a large amount of foreign matter such as metal chips and grinding particles discharged from machine tools. However, if the coolant is supplied, the inside of the cyclone conical vortex chamber will be clogged. Is available.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cyclone separator 2 Lower nozzle hole 3 Conical vortex flow chamber 4 Cylindrical part 5 Introducing pipe 6 Outlet 7 Outlet pipe 8 Swirling flow attenuation part 9 Coolant pump of vortex structure

Claims (4)

  The upper vortex chamber is composed of an upper vortex chamber and a lower vortex chamber having a large passage area in which no upward reversal flow is generated in the vortex chamber unless a discharge pipe with a tapered lower end is provided with a small passage area. An introduction pipe, a lead-out pipe for taking out the liquid provided at the center of the upper vortex chamber, an attenuation tank that attenuates the vortex downstream of the lower vortex chamber, and a passage area from the attenuation tank downstream of the attenuation tank A cyclone device comprising a cyclone separator with a small discharge pipe.   The cyclone apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a passage area at a lower end of the lower vortex chamber is larger than a passage area of the discharge pipe.   The cyclone apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a passage area of the attenuation tank is equal to or larger than a lower end passage area of the lower vortex chamber. The cyclone apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pump for supplying liquid to the cyclone separator is provided with a vortex structure pump.

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