JP2010236885A - Cooling structure of reactor containment vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reactor containment vessel and a reactor building with a reduced volume and height by considerably increasing a cooling efficiency of the reactor containment vessel only by a passive driving force. <P>SOLUTION: A cooling structure of the reactor containment vessel includes: a plurality of heat dissipating fins 8 radially extending from the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2 housing a reactor pressure vessel 1, extending in the vertical direction on the lateral side wall face of the reactor containment vessel 2 and reaching the lower part of the lateral wall face; a plurality of blades 9 rotatably supported by a water spray tube 7 disposed on the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2; and a plurality of branched tubes 10 rotatably supported by the blades 9 or the spray tube 7 for spraying the cooling water supplied by the water spray tube 7 on the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reactor containment cooling structure, and more particularly to a reactor containment cooling structure using passive driving force.

  In the nuclear power plant, when the reactor coolant leaks into the reactor containment vessel due to pipe breakage or the like, the coolant becomes steam and the pressure in the reactor containment vessel increases. Conventionally, in order to ensure the soundness of the containment vessel against pressure rise, the generated steam is guided to the pressure suppression pool in the containment vessel to condense and dissipate heat, or by spraying from the top of the containment vessel by spraying, Methods for condensing steam are known. In these methods, heat accumulated in the pool and spray water is released to the outside through a heat exchanger by a dynamic device such as a pump.

  In recent years, in order to improve the reliability of the safety system, a method for removing heat from the reactor containment vessel by a passive force such as gravity has been proposed (Patent Document 1). FIG. 11 shows a conventional reactor containment cooling structure using passive force. An air flow path 4 is provided between the reactor containment vessel 2 containing the reactor pressure vessel 1 and the reactor building 3, and air flowing from the lower part of the reactor containment vessel 2 is heated from the wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2. Therefore, the air flow path 4 rises due to the chimney effect and is exhausted from the chimney 5 above the reactor containment vessel 2.

  Further, a cooling water storage tank 6 is disposed above the reactor containment vessel 2, and when high-temperature steam is discharged into the reactor containment vessel 2, the water in the storage tank 6 is stored in the reactor from the sprinkler pipe 7. Water is sprayed on the upper part of the container 2. The sprinkled water evaporates by heat transfer from the wall surface in the process of flowing down the side surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 as it is due to gravity, and is also discharged from the chimney 5. Due to these effects, the inside of the reactor containment vessel 2 can be cooled and decompressed without using dynamic equipment in the event of an accident.

Japanese Patent No. 2813412

  The conventional cooling structure as shown in FIG. 11 has the advantage of not using power equipment by sprinkling water on the wall of the reactor containment vessel 2 by gravity, but on the other hand, the cooling water storage tank 6 has an atomic structure because it uses gravity. There is a problem that it is installed above the reactor containment vessel 2 and the height of the entire reactor building 3 is increased and the center of gravity is increased.

  Especially in plants with large reactor power, it is necessary to increase the surface area of the containment vessel in order to secure the necessary heat removal capacity, and the containment vessel, reactor building, and cooling water storage tank will become huge. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the size of the plant as much as possible from the viewpoint of seismic design and construction cost.

  In addition, when water is sprayed from the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2, if the cooling water is not uniformly distributed over the entire surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 when flowing down the side of the reactor containment vessel by gravity, the reactor containment vessel 2 There is a possibility that the surface temperature distribution is not uniform, and the effect of heat removal by evaporation of the cooling water cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in the reactor containment cooling structure using passive driving force, the volume of the reactor containment vessel, reactor building, and cooling water storage tank is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reactor containment vessel cooling structure with high heat removal efficiency that can suppress the enlargement of the whole nuclear power plant.

  The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and the reactor containment vessel cooling structure according to the present invention extends radially from the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel containing the reactor pressure vessel, A plurality of radiating fins extending vertically in the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel and reaching the lower side of the side wall surface, a plurality of blades rotatably supported by watering pipes provided on the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel, and And a plurality of branch pipes that are rotatably supported by blades or the watering pipes and spray water supplied from the watering pipes to the upper part of the reactor containment vessel.

  The reactor containment vessel cooling structure according to the present invention includes a radiation fin reaching the lower portion of the side wall surface so as to spirally surround the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel containing the reactor pressure vessel, and the reactor containment A plurality of blades rotatably supported by watering pipes provided at the upper part of the vessel, and cooling water supplied rotatably from the watering pipes rotatably supported by the blades or the watering pipes. And a plurality of branch pipes for spraying water.

  According to the present invention, the heat radiation fin is provided on the outer surface of the reactor containment vessel, and the passive drive is provided by providing the branch pipe or the water injection pipe for injecting the cooling water into the upper part or the side wall part of the reactor containment vessel. Since the heat removal efficiency of the reactor containment vessel can be significantly increased only by force, a reactor containment vessel and a reactor building with a reduced volume and height can be provided.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a reactor containment cooling structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. BB sectional drawing of the nuclear reactor containment vessel which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Schematic of the blade | wing and branch pipe which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The deformation | transformation figure of the blade | wing and branch pipe which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the radiation fin which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram of the radiation fin which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the heat removal characteristic of the radiation fin which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The whole block diagram of the cooling structure of the reactor containment vessel concerning the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The deformation | transformation figure of the cooling structure of the reactor containment vessel which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The whole block diagram of the cooling structure of the conventional reactor containment vessel.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
A reactor containment cooling structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In FIG. 1, a plurality of radiating fins are installed radially from the upper part to the lower part of the reactor containment vessel 2 on the outer surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 that houses the reactor pressure vessel 1. Then, the inside of the air flow path 4 between the reactor buildings 3 extends vertically downward to the lower part of the reactor containment vessel.

  Further, a chimney 5 for exhausting the air that has risen through the air flow path 4 is provided in the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2, and a blade 9 is provided therein. In addition, a cooling water storage tank 6 is provided outside the chimney 5, in which water that is poured into the outer surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 is stored.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the water spray pipe 7 connected to the cooling water storage tank 6 rotatably supports the plurality of blades 9 at the approximate center of the chimney 5 and also has a plurality of branch pipes 10 extending in the horizontal direction. And each branch pipe 10 is supported by a blade 9.

  In the cooling structure having such a configuration, when the primary coolant leaks and the pressure and temperature inside the reactor containment vessel 2 rise, the water spray pipe 7 extending from the cooling water storage tank 6 above the reactor containment vessel. Then, water is poured into the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2 through the branch pipe 10, and at this time, the air flow path 4 while removing the heat generated from the reactor containment vessel 2 from the inlet at the lower part of the air flow path 4. Ascend through and reach chimney 5. Since the blades 9 are rotated by the rising airflow of the air, the branch pipe 10 supported by the blades 9 is also rotated, and the cooling water can be uniformly sprayed to the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2 in the circumferential direction.

  Cooling water sprayed evenly on the upper surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 flows into the gaps between the radiation fins 8 on the side surfaces, and flows down along the side walls of the reactor containment vessel 2 along the radiation fins 8. When the cooling water flowing down evaporates due to heat transfer from the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 and the heat radiation fins 8, the cooling water rises up the air flow path 4 and is discharged from the chimney 5 to the outside. At this time, the radiating fins 8 are radially arranged from the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2 at equal intervals in the vertical direction, so that the upward flow of air passing through the air flow path 4 on the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel The pressure loss with respect to can be reduced.

Moreover, since the flow of the cooling water flowing down is restrained by the heat radiation fins 8 extending in the vertical direction, the overflow cooling water film does not split and merge in the circumferential direction on the way, and the reactor containment vessel 2 Since it can distribute uniformly in the circumferential direction, the heat removal effect by evaporation of the cooling water becomes more efficient.
Furthermore, since the heat transfer area of the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 is increased by the radiation fins 8, the amount of heat transfer to the cooling air passing through the air flow path 4 is also improved.

The blade 8 and the branch pipe 10 do not necessarily need to be integrally supported. As shown in FIG. 5, if the rotational force of the blade is transmitted to the branch pipe 10 through, for example, an extension of the water spray pipe or other members, the branch is generated. It is also possible to install the tube 10 separately.
As described above, according to the first embodiment, the radiation fins are provided radially and vertically on the outer surface of the reactor containment vessel, and the blades uniformly spray the cooling water on the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel. By providing this, the heat removal efficiency of the reactor containment vessel can be increased with only passive driving force, and as a result, the volume and height of the reactor containment vessel and the reactor building can be greatly reduced. it can.

(Second Embodiment)
A reactor containment cooling structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the second embodiment, the radiation fins 8 installed on the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 are both on the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 and the inner wall surface of the reactor building 3 as shown in FIG. It is provided so that it may be fixed to.

  Thereby, since the flow of the air flowing through the air flow path 4 is suppressed in the circumferential direction, the flow of air can be rectified in the vertical direction, pressure loss can be further reduced, and a sufficient difference with respect to the blade 8 An updraft with pressure can be supplied.

  According to the second embodiment, the heat removal efficiency of the reactor containment vessel 2 is further increased by fixedly connecting the radiation fins to the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel and the inner side surface of the building. The volume and height of the containment vessel and reactor building can be reduced.

(Third embodiment)
A reactor containment cooling structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2.
In the third embodiment, the projection shape 11 is periodically provided along the vertical direction on the radiation fin 8 extending in the vertical direction on the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2.

Further, the protrusion shape 11 becomes smaller in width as it approaches the vertically lower end 12.
By adopting such a protrusion shape, the air flow rising from the lower part of the air flow path 4 is directed around the protrusion shape 11 in a direction perpendicular to the side surface of the protrusion shape 11 at the lower end as shown in FIG. The velocity gradient becomes smaller. Therefore, the thickness of the temperature boundary layer is reduced at the protruding end 12 and the heat transfer rate to the air is improved.
Thereby, the heat removal capacity of the heat generated from the reactor containment vessel 2 can be further increased.

  According to the third embodiment, the heat removal efficiency of the reactor containment vessel 2 is further increased by forming a part of the radiation fins of the reactor containment vessel into a protruding shape. As a result, the reactor containment vessel and the atomic reactor The volume and height of the furnace building can be reduced.

(Fourth embodiment)
A reactor containment cooling structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the fourth embodiment, the radiating fins 8 extending from the side wall surface of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 2 to the lower part are installed so as to surround the side wall surface of the nuclear reactor containment vessel 2 in a spiral shape. At this time, when the cooling water sprayed evenly from the branch pipe 10 to the upper surface of the reactor containment vessel 2 reaches the side wall surface from the upper surface of the reactor containment vessel 2, along the radiation fins 8, Since it flows down while circling the side wall surface, the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel can be wetted uniformly, and the heat removal effect by evaporation of the cooling water can be made more efficient.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, by providing a water injection pipe 13 for injecting water from the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel 2, it is possible to evaporate by heat transfer from the wall surface in the process of flowing from the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel 2. The cooling water can be supplemented on the way. In this case, a part of the water in the cooling water storage tank 6 sprinkled from the upper part of the reactor containment vessel can be distributed to the cooling water storage tank 14 located at a lower position, so that The capacity of a certain cooling water storage tank 6 can be reduced, and the volume and height of the reactor building 3 can be reduced.

In the fourth embodiment, fins are not provided on the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel 2, but radial fins shown in the first embodiment may be provided on the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel 2. In that case, the radial containment fin provided on the upper part of the reactor containment vessel 2 and the spiral fin provided on the side wall can uniformly wet the entire reactor containment vessel, and the heat removal effect by evaporation of the cooling water can be achieved. Can be made more efficient.
According to the fourth embodiment, the radiating fins are spirally wound around the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel, and the blades for uniformly spraying the cooling water are provided on the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel. Therefore, it is possible to increase the heat removal efficiency of the containment vessel only with passive driving force, and as a result, the volume and height of the containment vessel and the reactor building can be increased. Can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Reactor pressure vessel, 3 ... Reactor building, 4 ... Air flow path, 5 ... Chimney, 6 ... Cooling water storage tank, 7 ... Sprinkling pipe, 8 ... Radiation fin, 9 ... Blade, 10 ... Branch pipe 11 ... Projection shape, 12 ... End part of projection shape, 13 ... Water injection pipe, 14 ... Cooling water storage tank.

Claims (6)

  A plurality of radiating fins extending radially from the upper part of the reactor containment containing the reactor pressure vessel in a radial direction, vertically extending the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel and reaching the lower side of the side wall surface, and the reactor containment A plurality of blades rotatably supported by watering pipes provided at the upper part of the vessel, and cooling water supplied rotatably from the watering pipes rotatably supported by the blades or the watering pipes. A reactor containment vessel cooling structure, comprising: a plurality of branch pipes that spray water.   2. The reactor containment according to claim 1, wherein one of the radiation fins is connected to a side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel and the other is connected to an inner wall surface of a reactor building surrounding the reactor containment vessel. Container cooling structure.   The cooling structure for a reactor containment vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tip end portion of the radiation fin has a periodic projection shape along a vertical direction.   The reactor containment vessel cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein the protrusion has a width that decreases as it approaches an end portion on a vertically lower side.   It is rotatably supported by heat radiation fins that reach the lower portion of the side wall surface so as to spirally surround the side wall surface of the reactor containment vessel containing the reactor pressure vessel, and a sprinkler pipe provided at the upper portion of the reactor containment vessel. A plurality of blades, and a plurality of branch pipes that are rotatably supported by the blades or the water spray pipes and spray water supplied from the water spray pipes to the upper part of the reactor containment vessel. Reactor containment cooling structure.   6. The reactor containment vessel cooling structure according to claim 5, wherein water injection pipes are disposed in the gaps between the radiation fins.

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