JP2010224140A - Driving method for electrophoretic display device, electrophoretic display device, and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a driving method for an electrophoretic display device that suppresses flickering of display. <P>SOLUTION: In the driving method for the electrophoretic display device, in a full screen displaying step of shifting all pixels in a display section to the same gradation, a potential for full screen display which is a potential lower than the lowest potential inputted to a pixel electrode or a potential higher than the highest potential, is inputted to a common electrode. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrophoretic display device driving method, an electrophoretic display device, and an electronic apparatus.

  As an active matrix electrophoretic display device, one having a selection transistor and a memory circuit in a pixel is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the display devices described in these documents, an electrophoretic element including a plurality of microcapsules containing charged particles is bonded to an element substrate on which a selection transistor and a pixel electrode are formed, and a common electrode is provided. The electrophoretic element was sandwiched between the counter substrate and the element substrate.

  In the above electrophoretic display device, black and white particles are driven by changing the common electrode potential to obtain a desired contrast display (common swing drive). When erasing the display image, all the pixel electrodes and the common electrode potential are alternately repeated in a combination of high level / low level and low level / high level to perform full black erase and full white erase. It was.

JP 2008-33241 A JP 2008-249794 A

  However, in the above electrophoretic display device, since the withstand voltage of the pixel circuit formed on the element substrate is low, only a voltage of about 15 V can be applied to the electrophoretic element. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the pulse width input to the pixel electrode or the common electrode when erasing the image, and there is a problem that the switching operation between black display and white display is visually recognized as display flicker.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an electrophoretic display device driving method and an electrophoretic display device capable of suppressing display flicker. .

  The driving method of the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention includes a display unit in which an electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pair of substrates and a plurality of pixels are arranged, and the pixel formed for each pixel A driving method of an electrophoretic display device comprising an electrode and a plurality of pixel electrodes and a common electrode facing each other through the electrophoretic element, wherein all the pixels of the display unit are shifted to the same gradation In the entire display step, an entire display potential that is lower than the lowest potential input to the pixel electrode or higher than the highest potential is input to the common electrode.

According to this driving method, a large potential difference can be generated between the common electrode to which the full-screen display potential is input and the pixel electrode, and the electrophoretic element can be driven with a higher driving voltage. As a result, the response speed of the electrophoretic element can be improved as compared with the case where the entire display is performed using the high-level potential and the low-level potential for image display. Therefore, the pulses input to the common electrode and the pixel electrode The pulse width can be reduced. By reducing the pulse width in this way, the period during which the entire surface is displayed with the same gradation can be shortened and the screen switching speed can be increased, so that the display flicker can be greatly reduced.
In the present invention, the entire display potential exceeding the image display potential is input only to the common electrode, and the entire display potential is not input to the pixel electrode. Therefore, a high voltage is not applied to the pixel circuit connected to the pixel electrode, and the pixel circuit is not damaged.

In the entire display step, a first potential that is the lowest potential is input to the pixel electrode, and a first entire display potential that is higher than the highest potential is input to the common electrode. A second display step of inputting a second potential that is the highest potential to the pixel electrode and inputting a second full-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential to the common electrode; It is preferable to have.
According to this driving method, the first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential and the second full-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential are used. Display gradation when the common electrode has a relatively low potential (first gradation) and display gradation when the pixel electrode has a relatively low potential and the common electrode have a relatively high potential In both (second gradation), high-speed full-surface display can be performed and display flicker can be suppressed. In addition, since it is possible to prevent a difference in the voltage application history of the electrophoretic element between the case of displaying the first gradation and the case of displaying the second gradation, the electrophoretic element, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode Deterioration can be prevented.

The first display step in which the entire display step inputs the first potential that is the lowest potential to the pixel electrode, and inputs the entire display potential that is higher than the highest potential to the common electrode; And a second display step of inputting the second potential which is the highest potential to the pixel electrode and inputting the first potential to the common electrode.
According to this driving method, a large driving voltage can be applied to the electrophoretic element at least in the first display step, and high-speed display can be performed. Therefore, a considerable effect of suppressing display flicker can be obtained.

The pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the first display step is preferably smaller than the pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the second display step.
According to this driving method, it is possible to prevent a difference in the voltage application history of the electrophoretic element between the first display step and the second display step, thereby preventing deterioration of the electrophoretic element, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode. can do.

The entire display step includes a first display step in which the first potential, which is the lowest potential, is input to the pixel electrode, and a second potential, which is the highest potential, is input to the common electrode; It is also preferable to include a second display step of inputting the second potential that is the highest potential and inputting the entire display potential that is lower than the lowest potential to the common electrode.
According to this driving method, a large driving voltage can be applied to the electrophoretic element at least in the second display step, and high-speed display can be performed. Therefore, a considerable effect of suppressing display flicker can be obtained.

It is preferable that the pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the second display step is smaller than the pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the first display step.
According to this driving method, it is possible to prevent a difference in the voltage application history of the electrophoretic element between the first display step and the second display step, thereby preventing deterioration of the electrophoretic element, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode. can do.

It is preferable that the full-screen display step is an image erasing step for erasing an image on the display unit.
According to this driving method, display flicker can be suppressed, and an image erasing operation with little afterimage can be realized.

In the entire display step, it is preferable that the first display step and the second display step are alternately repeated a plurality of times.
According to this driving method, an image erasing operation with less afterimage can be realized.

It is also preferable that the image display step for displaying an image on the display unit includes the entire surface display step and an image component display step for displaying an image component having a gradation different from the gradation displayed in the entire surface display step. .
According to this driving method, since the entire display in the image display operation can be speeded up, an image can be displayed at high speed.

Next, an electrophoretic display device of the present invention includes a display unit in which an electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pair of substrates and a plurality of pixels are arranged, and the pixels formed for each of the pixels An electrophoretic display device comprising an electrode and a plurality of pixel electrodes and a common electrode facing each other with the electrophoretic element interposed therebetween, wherein the potential is lower than the lowest potential input to the pixel electrode or higher than the highest potential A common electrode driving circuit capable of inputting a full-surface display potential, which is a high potential, to the common electrode.
According to this configuration, an electrophoretic display device capable of executing the driving method of the present invention described above can be realized.

The common electrode driving circuit can supply a first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential and a second full-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential to the common electrode. Preferably there is.
According to this configuration, it is possible to realize an electrophoretic display device capable of a full-screen display operation using a plurality of full-screen display potentials.

  An electrophoretic display device of the present invention includes an electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles between a pair of substrates, a display unit in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, a pixel electrode formed for each of the pixels, An electrophoretic display device comprising: a common electrode facing the plurality of pixel electrodes via the electrophoretic element; and a control unit that controls a potential of the pixel electrode and the common electrode, wherein the control unit includes: In a full-surface display operation in which all the pixels of the display unit are shifted to the same gradation, the entire surface of the common electrode is lower than the lowest potential input to the pixel electrode or higher than the highest potential. A display potential is input.

According to this configuration, a large potential difference can be generated between the common electrode to which the entire display potential is input and the pixel electrode, and the electrophoretic element can be driven with a higher driving voltage. As a result, the response speed of the electrophoretic element can be improved as compared with the case where the entire display is performed using the high-level potential and the low-level potential for image display. Therefore, the pulses input to the common electrode and the pixel electrode The pulse width can be reduced. By reducing the pulse width in this way, the period during which the entire surface is displayed with the same gradation can be shortened and the screen switching speed can be increased, so that the display flicker can be greatly reduced.
In the present invention, the entire display potential exceeding the image display potential is input only to the common electrode, and the entire display potential is not input to the pixel electrode. Therefore, a high voltage is not applied to the pixel circuit connected to the pixel electrode, and the pixel circuit is not damaged.

The display unit inputs a first potential that is the lowest potential to the pixel electrode and inputs a first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential to the common electrode during the entire surface display operation. A first display operation, a second potential that is the second potential that is the highest potential is input to the pixel electrode, and a second whole display potential that is lower than the lowest potential is input to the common electrode. It is preferable to execute the display operation.
According to this configuration, since the first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential and the second full-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential are used, the pixel electrode has a relatively high potential. The display gradation (first gradation) when the common electrode has a relatively low potential, and the display gradation (first gradation) when the pixel electrode has a relatively low potential and the common electrode has a relatively high potential (first gradation). In both of the second gradation), high-speed full surface display can be performed and display flicker can be suppressed. In addition, since it is possible to prevent a difference in the voltage application history of the electrophoretic element between the case of displaying the first gradation and the case of displaying the second gradation, the electrophoretic element, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode Deterioration can be prevented.

The full-screen display operation is preferably an image erasing operation for erasing an image on the display unit.
According to this configuration, it is possible to realize an electrophoretic display device that can suppress display flicker and can perform an image erasing operation with little afterimage.

An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the electrophoretic display device described above.
According to this configuration, it is possible to provide an electronic device including display means that suppresses display flickering and is excellent in display products.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display device according to an embodiment. FIG. 6 illustrates a pixel circuit. The fragmentary sectional view of an electrophoretic display device, and the sectional view of a microcapsule. FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of the electrophoretic display device. The flowchart which shows the drive method which concerns on embodiment. 6 is a timing chart corresponding to FIG. The figure which shows the electric potential state of 2 pixels used as description object of the drive method. The timing chart in the drive method which concerns on a 1st modification. The timing chart in the drive method which concerns on a 2nd modification. The timing chart in the drive method which concerns on a 3rd modification. The front view of the wristwatch which is an example of an electronic device. The perspective view of the electronic paper which is an example of an electronic device. The perspective view of the electronic notebook which is an example of an electronic device.

Hereinafter, an active matrix electrophoretic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Note that this embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Further, in the following drawings, in order to make the drawings easy to see, the actual configuration is appropriately displayed.

FIG. 1A is a schematic configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display device 100 according to the present embodiment.
The electrophoretic display device 100 includes a display unit 5 in which a plurality of pixels 40 are arranged in a matrix. Around the display unit 5, a scanning line driving circuit 61, a data line driving circuit 62, a controller (control unit) 63, and a common power supply modulation circuit 64 are arranged. The scanning line driving circuit 61, the data line driving circuit 62, and the common power supply modulation circuit 64 are each connected to the controller 63. The controller 63 comprehensively controls these based on image data and synchronization signals supplied from the host device.

  A plurality of scanning lines 66 extending from the scanning line driving circuit 61 and a plurality of data lines 68 extending from the data line driving circuit 62 are formed in the display unit 5, and the pixels 40 are provided corresponding to the intersection positions thereof. It has been.

  The scanning line driving circuit 61 is connected to each pixel 40 via m scanning lines 66 (Y1, Y2,..., Ym). Under the control of the controller 63, the first to mth rows are connected. The scanning lines 66 are sequentially selected, and a selection signal defining the ON timing of the selection transistor 41 (see FIG. 2) provided in the pixel 40 is supplied via the selected scanning line 66.

The data line driving circuit 62 is connected to each pixel 40 via n data lines 68 (X1, X2,..., Xn), and corresponds to each pixel 40 under the control of the controller 63. An image signal defining 1-bit pixel data is supplied to the pixel 40.
In the present embodiment, a low level (L) image signal is supplied to the pixel 40 when the pixel data “0” is defined, and a high level (H) image is defined when the pixel data “1” is defined. It is assumed that a signal is supplied to the pixel 40.

  The display unit 5 is also provided with a low potential power line 49, a high potential power line 50, and a common electrode wiring 55 extending from the common power modulation circuit 64, and each wiring is connected to the pixel 40. The common power supply modulation circuit 64 generates various signals to be supplied to each of the wires under the control of the controller 63, and electrically connects and disconnects these wires (high impedance (Hi-Z)). )I do.

Furthermore, in the case of the present embodiment, the configuration shown in FIG. 1B is adopted for the common power supply modulation circuit 64 in order to enable the driving method described later.
FIG. 1B is a diagram showing the main parts of the controller 63 and the common power supply modulation circuit 64.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the common power supply modulation circuit 64 is provided with a potential selection circuit 67 that selects a potential supplied to the common electrode wiring 55. The potential selection circuit 67 is connected to a power supply circuit 65 provided in the controller 63. The potential selection circuit 67 switches the five types of potentials (-15 V, 0 V, 15 V, 30 V, Hi-Z) supplied from the power supply circuit 65 according to the control signal input from the controller 63, and sets the common electrode wiring 55. Set to the selected potential state.
In the present embodiment, the image display high level potential VH1 is 15V, the image display low level potential VL1 is 0V, the first entire surface display potential VH2 is 30V, and the second entire surface display potential VL2 is -15V. Is used.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the pixel 40.
The pixel 40 includes a selection transistor (Thin Film Transistor) 41 (pixel switching element), a latch circuit (memory circuit) 70, a switch circuit 80, an electrophoretic element 32, a pixel electrode 35, and a common electrode 37. Is provided. A scanning line 66, a data line 68, a low-potential power line 49, a high-potential power line 50, a first control line 91, and a second control line 92 are connected to the pixel 40. . The pixel 40 has an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) type configuration in which the latch circuit 70 holds an image signal as a potential.

  The selection transistor 41 is a pixel switching element composed of an N-MOS (Negative Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor. The selection transistor 41 has a gate terminal connected to the scanning line 66, a source terminal connected to the data line 68, and a drain terminal connected to the data input terminal N 1 of the latch circuit 70.

The latch circuit 70 includes a transfer inverter 70t and a feedback inverter 70f. Both the transfer inverter 70t and the feedback inverter 70f are C-MOS inverters.
The transfer inverter 70t and the feedback inverter 70f have a loop structure in which the other output terminal is connected to each other's input terminal, and each inverter has a high potential connected via a high potential power supply terminal PH. A power supply voltage is supplied from the power supply line 50 and the low potential power supply line 49 connected via the low potential power supply terminal PL.

  The transfer inverter 70t includes a P-MOS (Positive Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor 71 and an N-MOS transistor 72 each having a drain terminal connected to the data output terminal N2. The source terminal of the P-MOS transistor 71 is connected to the high potential power supply terminal PH, and the source terminal of the N-MOS transistor 72 is connected to the low potential power supply terminal PL. The gate terminals of the P-MOS transistor 71 and the N-MOS transistor 72 (input terminal of the transfer inverter 70t) are connected to the data input terminal N1 (output terminal of the feedback inverter 70f).

  The feedback inverter 70f has a P-MOS transistor 73 and an N-MOS transistor 74 whose drain terminals are connected to the data input terminal N1. The gate terminals of the P-MOS transistor 73 and the N-MOS transistor 74 (input terminal of the feedback inverter 70f) are connected to the data output terminal N2 (output terminal of the transfer inverter 70t).

The switch circuit 80 includes a first transmission gate TG1 and a second transmission gate TG2.
The first transmission gate TG1 includes a P-MOS transistor 81 and an N-MOS transistor 82. The source terminals of the P-MOS transistor 81 and the N-MOS transistor 82 are connected to the first control line 91, and the drain terminals of the P-MOS transistor 81 and the N-MOS transistor 82 are connected to the pixel electrode 35. The gate terminal of the P-MOS transistor 81 is connected to the data input terminal N1 of the latch circuit 70, and the gate terminal of the N-MOS transistor 82 is connected to the data output terminal N2 of the latch circuit 70.

  The second transmission gate TG 2 includes a P-MOS transistor 83 and an N-MOS transistor 84. The source terminals of the P-MOS transistor 83 and the N-MOS transistor 84 are connected to the second control line 92, and the drain terminals of the P-MOS transistor 83 and the N-MOS transistor 84 are connected to the pixel electrode 35. The gate terminal of the P-MOS transistor 83 is connected to the data output terminal N 2 of the latch circuit 70, and the gate terminal of the N-MOS transistor 84 is connected to the data input terminal N 1 of the latch circuit 70. Further, the electrophoretic element 32 is sandwiched between the pixel electrode 35 and the common electrode 37.

In the pixel 40 having the above configuration, a low level (L) image signal (pixel data “0”) is stored in the latch circuit 70, and a high level (H) signal is output from the data output terminal N2. The first transmission gate TG1 is turned on, and the potential S1 supplied via the first control line 91 is input to the pixel electrode 35.
On the other hand, when a high level (H) image signal (pixel data “1”) is stored in the latch circuit 70 and a low level (L) signal is output from the data output terminal N2, the second transmission gate TG2 The potential S <b> 2 supplied through the second control line 92 is input to the pixel electrode 35.
The electrophoretic element 32 is driven based on the potential difference between the potentials S1 and S2 input to the pixel electrode 35 and the potential Vcom input to the common electrode 37 via the common electrode wiring 55 (FIG. 1). Thus, the pixel 40 is displayed with a gradation corresponding to the input image signal.

  Next, FIG. 3A is a partial cross-sectional view of the electrophoretic display device 100 in the display unit 5. The electrophoretic display device 100 includes a configuration in which an electrophoretic element 32 formed by arranging a plurality of microcapsules 20 is sandwiched between an element substrate (first substrate) 30 and a counter substrate (second substrate) 31. Yes.

In the display unit 5, the circuit layer 34 on which the scanning line 66, the data line 68, the selection transistor 41, the latch circuit 70, and the like illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided on the electrophoretic element 32 side of the element substrate 30. A plurality of pixel electrodes 35 are arranged on the circuit layer 34.
The element substrate 30 is a substrate made of glass, plastic, or the like and is not required to be transparent because it is disposed on the side opposite to the image display surface. The pixel electrode 35 has a voltage applied to an electrophoretic element 32 formed by laminating nickel plating and gold plating on a Cu (copper) foil in this order, Al (aluminum), ITO (indium tin oxide), or the like. Is an electrode to which is applied.

On the other hand, a planar common electrode 37 facing the plurality of pixel electrodes 35 is formed on the electrophoretic element 32 side of the counter substrate 31, and the electrophoretic element 32 is provided on the common electrode 37.
The counter substrate 31 is a substrate made of glass, plastic, or the like, and is a transparent substrate because it is disposed on the image display side. The common electrode 37 is an electrode for applying a voltage to the electrophoretic element 32 together with the pixel electrode 35, and is formed of MgAg (magnesium silver), ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide) or the like. It is a transparent electrode.
Then, the electrophoretic element 32 and the pixel electrode 35 are bonded via the adhesive layer 33, so that the element substrate 30 and the counter substrate 31 are bonded.

  In general, the electrophoretic element 32 is formed in advance on the counter substrate 31 side, and is handled as an electrophoretic sheet including the adhesive layer 33. In the manufacturing process, the electrophoretic sheet is handled in a state where a protective release sheet is attached to the surface of the adhesive layer 33. And the display part 5 is formed by sticking the said electrophoretic sheet which peeled the release sheet with respect to the element board | substrate 30 (The pixel electrode 35, various circuits, etc.) which were manufactured separately. For this reason, the adhesive layer 33 exists only on the pixel electrode 35 side.

  FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the microcapsule 20. The microcapsule 20 has a particle size of, for example, about 50 μm and encloses therein a dispersion medium 21, a plurality of white particles (electrophoretic particles) 27, and a plurality of black particles (electrophoretic particles) 26. It is a spherical body. As shown in FIG. 3A, the microcapsule 20 is sandwiched between the common electrode 37 and the pixel electrode 35, and one or more microcapsules 20 are disposed in one pixel 40.

The outer shell (wall film) of the microcapsule 20 is formed using a transparent polymer resin such as acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate and polyethyl methacrylate, urea resin, and gum arabic.
The dispersion medium 21 is a liquid that disperses the white particles 27 and the black particles 26 in the microcapsules 20. Examples of the dispersion medium 21 include water, alcohol solvents (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, octanol, methyl cellosolve, etc.), esters (ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.). ), Aliphatic hydrocarbons (pentane, hexane, octane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, benzenes having a long-chain alkyl group ( Xylene, hexylbenzene, hebutylbenzene, octylbenzene, nonylbenzene, decylbenzene, undecylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, tridecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene)), halogenated hydrocarbons (methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrachloride) Element, and 1,2-dichloroethane), can be exemplified a carboxylate, it may be other oils. These substances can be used alone or as a mixture, and a surfactant or the like may be further blended.

The white particles 27 are particles (polymer or colloid) made of a white pigment such as titanium dioxide, zinc white, and antimony trioxide, and are used, for example, by being negatively charged. The black particles 26 are particles (polymer or colloid) made of a black pigment such as aniline black or carbon black, and are used by being charged positively, for example.
These pigments include electrolytes, surfactants, metal soaps, resins, rubbers, oils, varnishes, compound charge control agents, titanium-based coupling agents, aluminum-based coupling agents, silanes as necessary. A dispersant such as a system coupling agent, a lubricant, a stabilizer, and the like can be added.
Further, instead of the black particles 26 and the white particles 27, for example, pigments such as red, green, and blue may be used. According to such a configuration, red, green, blue, or the like can be displayed on the display unit 5.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the electrophoretic element. 4A shows a case where the pixel 40 displays white, and FIG. 4B shows a case where the pixel 40 displays black.
In the case of white display shown in FIG. 4A, the common electrode 37 is held at a relatively high potential and the pixel electrode 35 is held at a relatively low potential. As a result, the negatively charged white particles 27 are attracted to the common electrode 37, while the positively charged black particles 26 are attracted to the pixel electrode 35. As a result, when this pixel is viewed from the common electrode 37 side which is the display surface side, white (W) is recognized.
In the case of black display shown in FIG. 4B, the common electrode 37 is held at a relatively low potential, and the pixel electrode 35 is held at a relatively high potential. As a result, the positively charged black particles 26 are attracted to the common electrode 37, while the negatively charged white particles 27 are attracted to the pixel electrode 35. As a result, when this pixel is viewed from the common electrode 37 side, black (B) is recognized.

[Driving method]
Next, a driving method of the electrophoretic display device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a method for driving the electrophoretic display device 100. FIG. 6 is a timing chart corresponding to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a potential state of two adjacent pixels, which is an object for explaining the driving method of the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a flow when the pixel 40A shown in FIG. 7 is displayed in black and the pixel 40B is displayed in white. FIG. 6 shows the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37, the potential S1 of the first control line 91, and the potential S2 of the second control line 92.
In FIG. 7, the subscripts “A”, “B”, “a”, and “b” in each symbol clearly distinguish the two pixels 40 (40A, 40B) that are the objects of the description and the components that belong to them. It is attached to do so and has no other intention.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the driving method according to the present embodiment includes an image erasing step S101, an image displaying step S102, and an image holding step S103.

First, in the display unit 5 before the image erasing step S101, each circuit is in a power-off state.
When the process proceeds to the image erasing step S101, power is supplied to the scanning line driving circuit 61, the data line driving circuit 62, and the common power supply modulation circuit 64, and the wiring connected to each circuit can be supplied with a potential. In addition, power is supplied to the latch circuit 70 of the pixel 40 via the high potential power supply line 50 and the low potential power supply line 49, and the image signal can be stored.

  In this embodiment, the low level (L) potential of the data line 68 and the low level potential VL of the low potential power supply line 49 are both assumed to be 0 (zero) V. Further, the potentials such as −15 V, 0 V, 15 V, and 30 V shown in the respective parts of FIG. 6 are given as an example for explaining the invention, and the potential of each wiring is limited to these specific numerical values. It is not a thing.

Next, an image signal is input to the latch circuit 70 of each pixel 40. That is, a high-level (H; for example, 7 V) pulse that is a selection signal is input to the scanning line 66, the selection transistor 41 connected to the scanning line 66 is turned on, and the data line 68 and the latch circuit 70 are connected. Connected. As a result, an image signal is input to the latch circuit 70.
In the case of the present embodiment, an image signal of an image displayed on the display unit 5 is input in the image display step S102. By adopting such a driving method, the operation of inputting an image signal again in the image display step S102 becomes unnecessary.

Note that the image signal used in the image erasing step S101 is used to define the state of the latch circuit 70 that was in the power-off state before the image erasing step S101, and any image signal can be used. . For example, low level or high level image signals may be supplied to all the pixels 40.
If the latch circuit 70 has already held the image signal in the image erasing step S101, it is not necessary to input the image signal in the image erasing step S101. However, in this case, the image signal of the image displayed on the display unit 5 in the subsequent image display step S102 is input again.

  In the pixel 40A shown in FIG. 7, a low level (L; for example, 0V) image signal is input from the data line 68a to the latch circuit 70a via the selection transistor 41a. As a result, the data input terminal N1a of the latch circuit 70a becomes a low level potential (eg, 0V), and the potential of the data output terminal N2a becomes a high level potential (eg, 5V) for image signal input. As a result, in the pixel 40A, the first transmission gate TG1a is turned on, and the first control line 91 and the pixel electrode 35a are electrically connected.

  On the other hand, in the pixel 40B, a high-level (H; for example, 5V) image signal is input from the data line 68b to the latch circuit 70b via the selection transistor 41b. As a result, the potential of the data input terminal N1b of the latch circuit 70b becomes a high level potential for image signal input, and the potential of the data output terminal N2b becomes a low level potential. As a result, in the pixel 40B, the second transmission gate TG2b is turned on, and the second control line 92 and the pixel electrode 35b are electrically connected.

  If an image signal is input to each of the pixels 40A and 40B, the potential Vdd of the high potential power supply line 50 is raised from the high level potential for image signal input to the high level potential VH (15V) for image display. The potential Vss of the low potential power line 49 is set to a low level potential VL (0 V) for image display.

As shown in FIG. 6, a rectangular wave pulse wave that repeats the first full-surface display potential VH2 (30 V) and the second full-surface display potential VL2 (−15 V) at a predetermined cycle is applied to the common electrode 37. Entered. In addition, a rectangular pulse wave that repeats the low-level potential VL and the high-level potential VH for image display in a predetermined cycle is input to the first control line 91. Further, the same pulse wave synchronized with the first control line 91 is input to the second control line 92.
The pulse wave input to the first and second control lines 91 and 92 is a pulse wave that is 180 ° out of phase with the pulse wave input to the common electrode 37. That is, the pulse wave in which the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 becomes the low level potential VL during the period when the first full-surface display potential VH2 and the potential Vcom becomes the high level potential VH when the potential Vcom is the second full-surface display potential VL2. It is.

  With the potential input, in the pixel 40A, the pulse wave is input from the first control line 91 to the pixel electrode 35a via the first transmission gate TG1a. On the other hand, in the pixel 40B, the pulse wave is input from the second control line 92 to the pixel electrode 35b via the second transmission gate TG2b.

  In the image erasing step S101 of the present embodiment, the display unit 5 is displayed in white on the entire surface according to the potentials of the pixel electrodes 35a and 35b and the common electrode 37 (first display step ST1), and the display unit 5 is entirely black. The display operation (second display step ST2) is executed alternately.

  In the first display step, the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the first full-surface display potential VH2 (30 V), and the potentials of the first and second control lines 91 and 92 are the low-level potential VL (0 V). Corresponds to a certain period. During this period, all the pixel electrodes 35 of the display unit 5 are at the low level potential VL, and the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference with the common electrode 37 that is the first full-surface display potential VH2. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the negatively charged white particles 27 are attracted to the common electrode 37 side, and the positively charged black particles 26 are attracted to the pixel electrode 35 side. Is displayed in white.

  In the second display step, the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the second full-surface display potential VL2 (−15V), and the potentials of the first and second control lines 91 and 92 are the high level potential VH (15V). Corresponds to a period of time. During this period, all the pixel electrodes 35 of the display unit 5 are at the high level potential VH, and the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference with the common electrode 37 that is the second full-surface display potential VL2. That is, as shown in FIG. 4B, the positively charged black particles 26 are attracted to the common electrode 37 side, and the negatively charged white particles 27 are attracted to the pixel electrode 35 side. Is displayed in black.

  Then, the image displayed on the display unit 5 is erased by repeating the first display step and the second display step alternately a plurality of times. In the present embodiment, the first display step ST1 is executed at the end of the image erasing step S101, and the image erasing step S101 ends with the display unit 5 displaying the entire surface white.

  Next, when proceeding to the image display step S102, as shown in FIG. 6, a high level potential VH1 (15V) for image display and a low level potential VL1 (0V) for image display are applied to the common electrode 37 at a predetermined cycle. A rectangular wave pulse wave repeated at is input. In addition, a high level potential VH (15 V) is input to the first control line 91, and a low level potential VL (0 V) is input to the second control line 92.

Then, in the pixel 40A, the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference between the pixel electrode 35a (potential VH) and the common electrode 37 (potential VL1) while the common electrode 37 is at the low level potential VL1 for image display. . Thereby, the pixel 40A is displayed in black.
On the other hand, in the pixel 40B, the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference between the pixel electrode 35b (potential VL) and the common electrode 37 (potential VH1) while the common electrode 37 is at the high level potential VH1 for image display. Is done. Thereby, the pixel 40B is displayed in white.
Through the above operation, an image including the black display pixels 40 and the white display pixels 40 is displayed on the display unit 5.

  In the image display step S102 of this embodiment, a rectangular pulse that repeats a high level potential VH1 and a low level potential VL1 for image display at a predetermined cycle is input to the common electrode 37, and an image display operation is performed by common swing driving. Executed. Therefore, the black display operation in the pixel 40 </ b> A and the white display operation in the pixel 40 </ b> B are performed independently of each other according to the potential of the common electrode 37.

According to the driving method adopting the common swing driving, the black particles and the white particles can be moved to the desired electrode more reliably, so that the contrast can be increased. In addition, since the potential applied to the pixel electrode and the common electrode can be controlled by binary values of the high level potential VH and the low level potential VL, the voltage can be reduced and the circuit configuration can be simplified. Further, when a TFT is used as the switching element of the pixel electrode 35, there is an advantage that the reliability of the TFT can be secured by low voltage driving.
In addition, it is preferable that the frequency and the number of cycles of the common swing drive are appropriately determined according to the specifications and characteristics of the electrophoretic element 32.

  When the above image display step S102 is completed, the process proceeds to an image holding step S103. In the image holding step S103, the power supply to each circuit is stopped. Thereby, the wiring connected to the pixels 40A and 40B is set to a high impedance state, and the pixel electrodes 35a and 35b and the common electrode 37 are also set to a high impedance state. By maintaining this high impedance state, it is possible to continue displaying images on the display unit 5 without consuming power.

  As described above in detail, in the driving method of the electrophoretic display device 100 of the present embodiment, the high level potential that is the highest potential input to the pixel electrode 35 in the first display step ST1 of the image erasing step S101. By inputting the first full-surface display potential VH2 having a higher potential than VH to the common electrode 37, the image is erased by the full-white display operation. Further, in the second display step ST2, the second entire display potential VL2 that is lower than the low level potential VL that is the lowest potential input to the pixel electrode 35 is input to the common electrode 37, so that the entire surface is displayed. The image is erased by the black display operation.

  By adopting such a driving method, a large potential difference can be generated between the common electrode 37 and the pixel electrode 35 as shown in FIG. 6, and the electrophoretic element 32 is driven with a higher driving voltage. Can do. Accordingly, the response speed of the electrophoretic element 32 can be improved as compared with the case of erasing an image using the high level potential VH1 and the low level potential VL1 for image display. The pulse width of the pulse input to 35 can be reduced. For example, the pulse width, which was conventionally about 20 ms, can be made 10 ms or less.

  Then, by reducing the pulse width of the pulses input to the common electrode 37 and the pixel electrode 35, the entire white display period in the first display step ST1 and the entire black display period in the second display step ST2. The display flickering in the image erasing step S101 can be greatly reduced.

  In the driving method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a large driving voltage is applied to the electrophoretic element 32, so that the force acting on the electrophoretic particles (black particles 26, white particles 27) also increases. Thereby, since the electrophoretic particles can be easily separated from the wall film of the microcapsule 20, an image erasing operation with little afterimage is possible.

  Further, the first and second full-surface display potentials VH2 and VL2 exceeding the high level potential VH1 and the low level potential VL1 for image display are input to the common electrode 37, while the image display step is performed to the pixel electrode 35. A high level potential VH and a low level potential VL equivalent to S102 are input. Accordingly, a high voltage is not applied to the pixel circuits (transmission gates TG1, TG2) connected to the pixel electrode 35, and the pixel circuit is not damaged.

  In the driving method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a potential that can be supplied to the common power supply modulation circuit 64 is added, and the first full-surface display potential VH2 is added to the common power supply modulation circuit 64. This can be realized by providing a potential selection circuit 67 capable of selecting the second full-surface display potential VL2. Therefore, it is not necessary to greatly change the configuration of the controller 63 and the common power supply modulation circuit 64, and the cost increase of these circuits can be suppressed.

(Modification)
Hereinafter, modifications of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
8 to 10, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the previous embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the following first to third modifications, only the parts changed from the previous embodiment will be described in detail, and the other parts are the same as those of the previous embodiment unless otherwise specified.

[First Modification]
FIG. 8 is a timing chart in the driving method according to the first modification.
In the previous embodiment, the first full display potential VH2 and the second full display potential VL2 are used as the full display potential that can be input to the common electrode 37. , VH2, or VL2 may be used alone.

  In the driving method shown in FIG. 8A, in the image erasing step S101, a rectangular wave-like pulse that periodically repeats the first full-surface display potential VH2 and the image display low-level potential VL1 to the common electrode 37. A wave is input. The pulse waves input to the first and second control lines 91 and 92 are the same as in the previous embodiment.

  In this case, a large potential difference is generated between the common electrode 37 and the pixel electrode 35 (potential VL) during a period (first display step ST1) in which the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the first full-surface display potential VH2 (30V). . On the other hand, during the period (second display step ST2) in which the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the low level potential VL1 for image display, the potential difference generated between the pixel electrode 35 (potential VH) is an image display. This is equivalent to the case of step S102.

Next, in the driving method shown in FIG. 8B, in the image erasing step S101, the common electrode 37 has a rectangular shape that periodically repeats the second full-surface display potential VL2 and the high-level potential VH1 for image display. A wavy pulse wave is input. The pulse waves input to the first and second control lines 91 and 92 are the same as in the previous embodiment.
In this case, a large potential difference is generated between the common electrode 37 and the pixel electrode 35 (potential VH) in a period during which the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the second full-surface display potential VL2 (second display step ST2). On the other hand, during the period (first display step ST1) in which the potential Vcom of the common electrode 37 is the high-level potential VH1 for image display, the potential difference generated between the pixel electrode 35 (potential VL) This is equivalent to the case of step S102.

  As described above, in the driving method according to the first modification, a large driving voltage can be applied to the electrophoretic element 32 in at least one of the first display step ST1 and the second display step ST2. Therefore, although the effect of suppressing the display flicker is smaller than that of the previous embodiment, the pulse width is reduced at least in the period in which the first full display potential VH2 is used and in the period in which the second full display potential VL2 is used. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an effect of suppressing display flickering as compared with the conventional case.

[Second Modification]
FIG. 9 is a timing chart in the driving method according to the second modification.
In the first modification, either the first full-surface display potential VH2 or the second full-screen display potential VL2 is input to the common electrode 37. However, in the first modified example, the drive voltage in the white display operation and the drive voltage in the black display operation are greatly different. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the period of the first display step ST1 and the second display step ST2 ( If the pulse widths are equal, there is a difference in the voltage application history of the electrophoretic element 32, which may cause deterioration of the electrophoretic element 32, the pixel electrode 35, and the common electrode 37.

Therefore, in the second modified example shown in FIG. 9, the period (pulse width) of the first display step ST1 is different from the period (pulse width) of the second display step ST2.
Specifically, in the driving method shown in FIG. 9A, a rectangular pulse wave that repeats the first full-surface display potential VH2 and the image display low-level potential VL1 at a predetermined cycle is input to the common electrode 37. The point that the rectangular wave pulse wave that repeats the high level potential VH and the low level potential VL at a predetermined cycle is input to the first and second control lines 91 and 92 is the driving shown in FIG. It is common with the method.
On the other hand, in the driving method shown in FIG. 9A, the period of the second display step ST2 is increased (the pulse width is increased) as compared with the first modification. That is, the period during which the low-level potential VL1 for image display is input to the common electrode 37 and the high-level potential VH is input to the pixel electrode 35 is relatively long.
Thereby, the difference between the electric power input to the electrophoretic element 32 in the first display step ST1 and the electric power input to the electrophoretic element 32 in the second display step ST2 can be reduced. Therefore, the difference in the voltage application history in the electrophoretic element 32 can be reduced, and deterioration of the electrophoretic element 32, the pixel electrode 35, and the common electrode 37 can be prevented.

Further, in the driving method shown in FIG. 9B, the period of the first display step ST1 is made longer (the pulse width is made larger) than the driving method shown in FIG. 8B in the first modification. Yes. That is, the period during which the high-level potential VH1 for image display is input to the common electrode 37 and the low-level potential VL is input to the pixel electrode 35 is relatively long.
Thereby, the difference between the electric power input to the electrophoretic element 32 in the first display step ST1 and the electric power input to the electrophoretic element 32 in the second display step ST2 can be reduced. Therefore, the difference in the voltage application history in the electrophoretic element 32 can be reduced, and deterioration of the electrophoretic element 32, the pixel electrode 35, and the common electrode 37 can be prevented.

  In the second modification, the ratio between the period (pulse width) of the first display step ST1 and the period (pulse width) of the second display step ST2 is appropriately set according to the characteristics of the electrophoretic element 32 and the like. Can be set. For example, the reciprocal of the ratio of the voltage applied to the electrophoretic element 32 in the display steps ST1 and ST2 can be used. Further, when there is a difference in the degree of ease of deterioration between the pixel electrode 35 and the common electrode 37, the above ratio may be set so that the deterioration is less likely to occur.

[Third Modification]
In the previous embodiment, the first and second full display potentials VH2 and VL2 are used only in the image erasing step S101. However, the first and second full display potentials VH2 and VL2 are used for image display. It can also be used in step S102.
FIG. 10 is a timing chart showing the driving method of the third modification.
In the driving method of this example, the operation in the image display step S102 is changed. More specifically, in the image display step S102, a full display step ST3 and an image component display step ST4 are executed.

  In the full-screen display step ST3, as shown in FIG. 10, the first full-screen display potential VH2 is input to the common electrode 37, while the low-level potential VL is input to the first and second control lines 91 and 92. The Then, all the pixel electrodes 35 of the display unit 5 become the low level potential VL, the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference with the common electrode 37 (potential VH2), and the display unit 5 is displayed in white on the entire surface.

Next, in the image component display step ST4, a low level potential VL1 for image display is input to the common electrode 37. Further, a high level potential VH is input to the first control line 91, and a low level potential VL is input to the second control line 92.
Then, in the pixel 40A shown in FIG. 7, the electrophoretic element 32 is driven by the potential difference between the pixel electrode 35a (potential VH) and the common electrode 37 (potential VL1), and the pixel 40A is displayed in black. On the other hand, in the pixel 40B shown in FIG. 7, since the pixel electrode 35b (potential VL) and the common electrode 37 (potential VL1) have the same potential, the display does not change.
With the above operation, the black display image component is displayed on the white background displayed in the entire display step ST3, and the image is displayed on the display unit 5.

  According to the driving method of the third modification described above, in the entire white display operation in the image display step S102, the display operation can be performed by applying a large driving voltage to the electrophoretic element 32. Therefore, the entire display step ST3. This period (pulse width) can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to display an image at high speed.

  In the third modification, the entire white display is performed in the entire surface display step ST3 and the black image component is displayed in the image component display step ST4. However, the entire black display is performed in the entire surface display step ST3. Of course, the white display image component may be displayed in the component display step ST4.

In the above-described embodiments and modifications, the electrophoretic display device 100 in which the pixel 40 is provided with the latch circuit 70 and the switch circuit 80 and the driving method thereof have been described. However, the technical scope of the present invention is such an implementation. The form is not limited.
For example, an electrophoretic display device in which the pixel 40 is not provided with the switch circuit 80 and the pixel electrode 35 is connected to the data output terminal N2 of the latch circuit 70 (5-transistor type), the latch circuit 70, and the switch Instead of the circuit 80, the present invention is applied to an electrophoretic display device having a configuration in which capacitors are provided (one transistor and one capacitor type) or a configuration in which each pixel electrode 35 is directly driven by a drive circuit (segment method). May be.

(Electronics)
Next, a case where the electrophoretic display device 100 of each of the above embodiments is applied to an electronic device will be described.
FIG. 11 is a front view of the wrist watch 1000. The wrist watch 1000 includes a watch case 1002 and a pair of bands 1003 connected to the watch case 1002.
On the front surface of the watch case 1002, a display unit 1005 including the electrophoretic display device 100 of the above embodiment, a second hand 1021, a minute hand 1022, and an hour hand 1023 are provided. On the side surface of the watch case 1002, a crown 1010 and an operation button 1011 are provided as operation elements. The crown 1010 is connected to a winding stem (not shown) provided inside the case, and is integrally provided with the winding stem so that it can be pushed and pulled in multiple stages (for example, two stages) and can be rotated. . The display unit 1005 can display a background image, a character string such as date and time, or a second hand, a minute hand, and an hour hand.

  FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of the electronic paper 1100. An electronic paper 1100 includes the electrophoretic display device 100 of the above embodiment in a display area 1101. The electronic paper 1100 is flexible and includes a main body 1102 made of a rewritable sheet having the same texture and flexibility as conventional paper.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the electronic notebook 1200. An electronic notebook 1200 is obtained by bundling a plurality of the electronic papers 1100 and sandwiching them between covers 1201. The cover 1201 includes display data input means (not shown) for inputting display data sent from an external device, for example. Thereby, according to the display data, the display content can be changed or updated while the electronic paper is bundled.

According to the wristwatch 1000, the electronic paper 1100, and the electronic notebook 1200 described above, the electrophoretic display device 100 according to the present invention is employed, so that display flickering is suppressed and display means having excellent display quality is provided. It becomes an electronic device.
In addition, said electronic device illustrates the electronic device which concerns on this invention, Comprising: The technical scope of this invention is not limited. For example, the electrophoretic display device according to the present invention can be suitably used for a display portion of an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a portable audio device.

  100 electrophoretic display device, 5 display unit, 20 microcapsule, 32 electrophoretic element, 35, 35a, 35b pixel electrode, 37 common electrode, 40, 40A, 40B pixel, 61 scanning line driving circuit, 62 data line driving circuit, 63 controller (control unit), 64 common power supply modulation circuit (common electrode drive circuit), S101 image erasing step, S102 image display step, S103 image holding step, ST1 first display step, ST2 second display step, ST3 Display step, ST4 Image component display step

Claims (15)

An electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and includes a display unit in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, a pixel electrode formed for each pixel, a plurality of the pixel electrodes, and the electrophoresis A method of driving an electrophoretic display device comprising a common electrode facing through an element,
In the entire display step of shifting all the pixels of the display unit to the same gradation,
A driving method of an electrophoretic display device, wherein a potential for full-screen display that is lower than a minimum potential input to the pixel electrode or higher than a maximum potential is input to the common electrode. The full display step includes
A first display step of inputting a first potential which is the lowest potential to the pixel electrode and inputting a first full-surface display potential which is higher than the highest potential to the common electrode;
A second display step of inputting a second potential which is the highest potential to the pixel electrode and inputting a second whole-surface display potential which is lower than the lowest potential to the common electrode;
The method for driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein: The full display step includes
A first display step of inputting the first potential, which is the lowest potential, to the pixel electrode, and inputting the full-surface display potential, which is higher than the highest potential, to the common electrode;
A second display step of inputting the second potential, which is the highest potential, to the pixel electrode and inputting the first potential to the common electrode;
The method for driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein:   The pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the first display step is smaller than the pulse width of the pulse input to the common electrode in the second display step. A driving method of the electrophoretic display device described. The full display step includes
A first display step of inputting the first potential, which is the lowest potential, to the pixel electrode and inputting the second potential, which is the highest potential, to the common electrode;
A second display step of inputting the second potential, which is the highest potential, to the pixel electrode, and inputting the whole-surface display potential, which is lower than the lowest potential, to the common electrode;
The method for driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein:   6. The pulse width of a pulse input to the common electrode in the second display step is smaller than a pulse width of a pulse input to the common electrode in the first display step. A driving method of the electrophoretic display device described.   The method for driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1, wherein the entire surface display step is an image erasing step of erasing an image on the display unit.   8. The method of driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 7, wherein in the entire surface display step, the first display step and the second display step are alternately repeated a plurality of times.   The image display step for displaying an image on the display unit includes the entire surface display step and an image component display step for displaying an image component having a gradation different from the gradation displayed in the entire surface display step. The method for driving an electrophoretic display device according to claim 1. An electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and includes a display unit in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, a pixel electrode formed for each pixel, a plurality of the pixel electrodes, and the electrophoresis An electrophoretic display device comprising a common electrode facing through an element,
An electric circuit comprising: a common electrode driving circuit capable of inputting a full-screen display potential that is lower than the lowest potential or higher than the highest potential input to the pixel electrode to the common electrode. Electrophoretic display device.   The common electrode driving circuit can supply a first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential and a second full-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential to the common electrode. The electrophoretic display device according to claim 10. An electrophoretic element including electrophoretic particles is sandwiched between a pair of substrates, and includes a display unit in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, a pixel electrode formed for each pixel, a plurality of the pixel electrodes, and the electrophoresis An electrophoretic display device comprising: a common electrode facing through an element; and a control unit that controls a potential of the pixel electrode and the common electrode,
The controller is
In the entire display operation for shifting all the pixels of the display unit to the same gradation,
An electrophoretic display device, wherein a potential for full-screen display that is lower than a minimum potential input to the pixel electrode or higher than a maximum potential is input to the common electrode. The display unit is configured to perform the entire display operation.
A first display operation in which a first potential that is the lowest potential is input to the pixel electrode, and a first full-surface display potential that is higher than the highest potential is input to the common electrode;
A second display operation in which a second potential that is the highest potential is input to the pixel electrode, and a second whole-surface display potential that is lower than the lowest potential is input to the common electrode;
The electrophoretic display device according to claim 12, wherein the electrophoretic display device is executed.   The electrophoretic display device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the full-screen display operation is an image erasing operation for erasing an image on the display unit.   An electronic apparatus comprising the electrophoretic display device according to claim 10.

Images