JP2010213633A - Greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greenhouse exerting greenhouse effect with little running cost by solving the following problem: in a general method, air in the greenhouse is heated with combustion gas generated by burning heavy oil or kerosene to raise temperature in the greenhouse because the temperature in the greenhouse cannot be raised to a prescribed temperature in winter while farm field is blocked up from outer air only by surrounding the farm field in a greenhouse which is called a plastic greenhouse or the like, and the inner space of the greenhouse is warmed with sunlight from transparent roofs or wall surfaces in order to grow summer vegetables (such as egg plant or cucumber) even in winter season, but relatively early drop in the room temperature after stopping burning requires long-time burning and results in causing a heavy economical burden. <P>SOLUTION: The greenhouse is for growing plants and has a structure, where solar panels are formed on a part or the whole of the roof and the wall surfaces through which the sunlight is taken in and an electric heater which generates heat by electric power from the solar panels, is embedded under the soil in the greenhouse. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a greenhouse.

  Greenhouses for growing plants, particularly greenhouses for farmers to plant out-of-period vegetables and flowers, occupy a large part of agriculture in Japan. This greenhouse (including a plastic house) grows summer vegetables (such as eggplant and cucumbers) even in the winter, so it simply shields the field from the outside air and uses sunlight from a transparent roof and walls to create an interior space. Is warming up.

  In addition, since it is impossible to raise the temperature to a predetermined temperature in winter, the temperature in the greenhouse is usually raised by burning heavy oil or kerosene and heating the air with the combustion gas.

  However, in this method, when the combustion is stopped, the room temperature drops relatively early, so that it must be burned for a long period of time, which is a great economic burden.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a greenhouse that exhibits a greenhouse effect with almost no running cost.

  In view of the situation as described above, the present inventor has completed the greenhouse of the present invention as a result of earnest research, and the feature thereof is a greenhouse for cultivating plants, which includes a roof and a wall surface for taking in sunlight. A part or the whole is a solar panel, and an electric heater that generates heat by electric power from the solar panel is embedded in the soil in the greenhouse.

  Here, the greenhouse for growing plants includes a normal household greenhouse, a greenhouse for growing ornamental flowers, a greenhouse for growing vegetables and the like. The part that takes in sunlight may be a plastic sheet or glass.

  Part or all of the part that takes in this sunlight is made into a solar panel. Here, the solar panel is directly generated by sunlight and is also called a solar cell module. Usually, it is composed of a semiconductor. However, anything that generates electricity with sunlight may be used, and commercially available ones are sufficient. In the present invention, in order to transmit light into the greenhouse, a plate that normally blocks light provided on the back surface of the solar panel is not provided. Therefore, most of sunlight passes through the solar panel and is irradiated into the greenhouse. The panel may be provided in part, in which case all or part of the roof is suitable.

  Further, if there is a problem of strength, it can be used in combination (overlap) with a support such as glass, vinyl sheet, and net. When overlapping, either may be outside.

The electric heater generates heat when it is energized, and is preferably one that does not reach a certain temperature. For example, it is a so-called self-control heater that is commercially available. This utilizes the fact that the resistance of a carbon conductor or semiconductor planar or linear heating element changes with temperature, and when the temperature rises, the resistance increases and the amount of heat generation decreases and self-control is performed. Therefore, a special control system is not necessary.
The electric heater is linear, but may be planar.

  The required area for solar panels varies depending on the season, region, and plant to be cultivated, but it is generally sufficient to make the entire roof solar.

  As temperature to raise, about 15-25 degreeC is suitable. This is because the root part of the plant is considered to be the temperature at which it is most likely to grow.

This electric heater may be laid horizontally at an appropriate distance at an appropriate depth in the soil. The embedment depth is free and may be appropriately selected depending on the plant to be grown, but is preferably about 30 to 80 cm from the ground surface.
In the laying state (plan view), in the case of a line, it is preferable to lay it in parallel by separating it from one heating wire by about 20 to 50 cm. This separation distance may be appropriately determined depending on the degree of power generation, the depth of burying, the average temperature at the laying place, the type of plant to be planted, and the like. In the case of a planar shape, the laying method may be considered depending on the performance and characteristics of the heater, and is free.

Furthermore, a wind power generator may be provided for the purpose of complementing the solar power generation of the present invention. The place to provide is preferably on the roof. This is for backing up electric power when there is a lot of rain and cloudy in winter and there is little sunshine time. Even a small one that can usually be placed on the roof has a capacity of about 100 W to 700 W, so about one to several units per 100 m ² is sufficient.

  The system of the present invention is basically operated in winter, and it is highly possible that it is unnecessary when the soil temperature is 15 ° C. or 20 ° C. or higher. Therefore, when the soil temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the power-on destination is automatically switched and may be used as a power source for a hot water heater for a bath. Instead of automatically, the person may switch manually in consideration of the season and temperature.

In the greenhouse of the present invention, the heater embedded in the soil generates heat by the electricity from the power generation device, and the temperature of the soil is increased. If the heater is self-controlling, the system itself does not require a control device.
This is because if the self-control type is used, the soil temperature will not rise too much due to excessive power generation, and even if power generation is insufficient, the soil itself will store heat and the temperature will not drop rapidly.

In the case of solar power generation, since it does not generate power at night, it is usual to provide a storage battery with a relatively large capacity to secure a power supply for night. However, in the present invention, as described above, since the soil itself has a large heat capacity, even if the heat generation is stopped at night, the temperature does not drop rapidly, and a certain temperature is maintained until the next morning. This is a significant difference from the conventional one in which only the air in the greenhouse is heated.
This was also the start of the present invention. For this reason, the whole apparatus became comparatively cheap.

However, a simple control device or storage battery may be provided. For example, power generation efficiency is good and electricity is excessive, or in a region, electricity can be stored in a storage battery or used for other purposes.
Further, a system that detects a disconnection or other failure and issues an alarm to a certain place may be added.

  The present invention may be an ordinary soil greenhouse, but it is better to use a porous soil. It is like a small particle (about 1-10 mm) of pumice. This is because air and water accumulate in the porous portion and the heat insulation effect is great.

The greenhouse of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since the temperature in the greenhouse reaches a certain temperature without any running cost, the growth of various plants can be maintained even in winter. The effect is great to ensure the temperature of the most important root part of the plant. It will greatly reduce the cost of kerosene and heavy oil.
(2) Since the soil has a large heat capacity, the underground temperature can be maintained even when the heater is stopped at night, etc., and even if the air temperature decreases, the growth of the plant is not significantly affected.
(3) Complex operation management and control are almost unnecessary.

It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows one example of this invention greenhouse. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the inside of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing an outline of a greenhouse 1 of the present invention. The whole is sealed with vinyl 2 and an inlet 3 is provided. A part of the roof is a solar panel 4. Therefore, it is different from the one in which the solar power generator is placed on the roof.
In this example, only the south part of the roof is solar panels. This may be increased in cold regions.

  FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the linear heater 5 that generates heat by electricity from the solar panel in the soil. The solar panel 4 on the roof and the underground electric heater 6 are connected by a cord 7. The embedding depth of the electric heater 5 was 60 cm here.

  This example is Osaka, but summer vegetables were produced even in winter, and fuels such as heavy oil could be significantly reduced.

1 Greenhouse 2 Vinyl chloride sheet (or glass)
3 Door 4 Solar panel 5 Soil 6 Electric heater 7 Code

Claims (1)

A greenhouse for growing plants, wherein a roof or a wall into which sunlight is taken is partially or entirely made into a solar panel, and an electric heater that generates heat by electric power from the solar panel is embedded in the soil in the greenhouse. .

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