JP2010202948A5 - - Google Patents
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- JP2010202948A5 JP2010202948A5 JP2009051929A JP2009051929A JP2010202948A5 JP 2010202948 A5 JP2010202948 A5 JP 2010202948A5 JP 2009051929 A JP2009051929 A JP 2009051929A JP 2009051929 A JP2009051929 A JP 2009051929A JP 2010202948 A5 JP2010202948 A5 JP 2010202948A5
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 119
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GORXZVFEOLUTMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;vanadium Chemical compound C.[V] GORXZVFEOLUTMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene Chemical compound C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWXTWZIUMCFMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitride(3-) Chemical compound [N-3] TWXTWZIUMCFMSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、V(バナジウム)を含む被膜とその被膜を被覆した金型および切削工具に関する。 The present invention relates to a coating film containing V (vanadium), a mold coated with the coating film, and a cutting tool .
一般産業機器の中でも、摺動を伴う機械部品には耐摩耗性や耐久性が求められており、それらの機械部品表面には様々なコーティング(被膜)が施されている。特にTiN(窒化チタン)被膜やCrN(窒化クロム)被膜は、被膜硬度が高いため耐摩耗性に優れており、金型や工具などに広く用いられている。また、DLC(ダイヤモンドライクカーボン)被膜も他の被膜に比べて摩擦係数が低く、耐摩耗性に優れているため、金型や工具などに多用されている。 Among general industrial equipment, machine parts with sliding are required to have wear resistance and durability, and various coatings (films) are applied to the surfaces of these machine parts. In particular, TiN (titanium nitride) coating and CrN (chromium nitride) coating have high coating hardness and are excellent in wear resistance, and are widely used for dies and tools. DLC (diamond-like carbon) coatings are also frequently used in dies and tools because they have a lower coefficient of friction than other coatings and are excellent in wear resistance.
しかし、TiN被膜やCrN被膜を被覆した金型や工具は、被膜の内部応力が高いため厚膜にして金型や工具へ被覆した場合、被膜が剥離しやすいという問題があった。特にDLC被膜は、その内部応力が他の被膜と比較して大きいために被膜単体での厚膜化が困難である。そのため金型や工具表面とDLC被膜との間に中間層を挟んで応力緩和を行う等の工夫がなされているが、やはりDLC被膜が剥離しやすいという問題は解決されていない。 However, a mold or a tool coated with a TiN coating or a CrN coating has a problem that the coating is easy to peel off when the coating is applied to a mold or a tool with a thick film because the internal stress of the coating is high. In particular, since the internal stress of the DLC film is larger than that of other films, it is difficult to increase the thickness of the film alone. Therefore, contrivances have been made such as stress relaxation by sandwiching an intermediate layer between the mold or tool surface and the DLC film, but the problem that the DLC film easily peels is still not solved.
そこで、耐摩耗性や耐久性を有しており、厚膜にしても剥離し難い被膜の1つとして、VC(炭化バナジウム)などの被膜が考案された。例えば、特許文献1ではVCを含む被膜を金型や工具に被覆することで、被膜の密着性と優れた耐摩耗性が得られた旨が開示されている。また、特許文献2ではVN(窒化バナジウム)被膜やVCN(炭窒化バナジウム)被膜を被覆した工具は高温加熱による変形や厚膜による形状変化を抑制できる旨が開示されている。 Therefore, a coating such as VC (Vanadium Carbide) has been devised as one of the coatings that have wear resistance and durability and are difficult to peel even if they are thick. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that adhesion of a film and excellent wear resistance are obtained by coating a film containing VC on a mold or a tool. Patent Document 2 discloses that a tool coated with a VN (vanadium nitride) coating or a VCN (vanadium carbonitride) coating can suppress deformation due to high-temperature heating and shape change due to a thick film.
しかし、特許文献1および特許文献2に示された表面の被膜がVC、VNおよびVCNの場合、金型による成型加工や工具による切削加工等を行うと、接触する材料(相手材)である被成形材や被削材の表面と凝着し、相手材表面から離れる時に被膜の一部が消失(摩耗)する結果、金型や工具表面が露出するという問題があった。 However, when the surface coatings shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are VC, VN, and VCN, when a molding process using a mold, a cutting process using a tool, or the like is performed, the material to be contacted (the counterpart material) As a result of adhesion to the surface of the molding material or work material and part of the coating disappearing (wearing) when leaving the surface of the mating material, there is a problem that the mold or tool surface is exposed.
また、VCやVNなどの被膜は金属光沢を有しているため、使用中に被膜の摩耗が生じた結果、金型や工具表面が露出しても金型や工具などが鉄系合金製基材である場合には、VCやVNなどの被膜と鉄系合金製基材とは共に金属光沢を有しているために被膜の摩耗の有無が判断できない。そのため、被膜が摩耗したまま金型や工具を使用し続ける結果、金型や工具などの損傷を招くという問題もあった。 In addition, since coatings such as VC and VN have a metallic luster, even if the mold or tool surface is exposed as a result of wear of the coating during use, the mold or tool is made of an iron alloy base. In the case of a material, since the coating such as VC or VN and the base material made of an iron-based alloy have metallic luster, it cannot be determined whether the coating is worn or not. Therefore, as a result of continuing to use the mold or tool while the coating is worn, there is a problem that the mold or tool is damaged.
さらに、特許文献2の特許請求の範囲では、XおよびYをV(バナジウム)およびC(炭素)の原子%(at%)とすると、VX(CYN1−Y)1−Xから成る被膜においては、Vの原子%の範囲Xを30at%以上80at%以下と限定している。つまり当該被膜にNを含まないとした場合、Cの原子%の範囲を20at%以上70at%以下と限定することになるが、その理由や根拠は明細書中に何ら開示されていない。また、実施例においてもVC、VNおよびVC3N7の三態様の被膜の実施例しか開示されておらず、他の被膜態様についての効果は不明である。 Further, in the claims of Patent Document 2, when X and Y are V (vanadium) and C (carbon) atomic% (at%), V X (C Y N 1-Y ) 1-X In the film, the range X of atomic% of V is limited to 30 at% or more and 80 at% or less. In other words, when the film does not contain N, the range of atomic% of C is limited to 20 at% or more and 70 at% or less, but the reason and grounds are not disclosed in the specification. Also, in the examples, only examples of coatings of three modes of VC, VN, and VC 3 N 7 are disclosed, and effects on other coating modes are unclear.
本発明の課題は、前述した問題点に鑑みて、金型による成型加工や工具による切削加工等を行っても相手材表面との摩耗を低減できる被膜を提供することである。また、万一に被膜の摩耗が生じても金型や工具などの鉄系合金製基材の損傷を未然に防止できる被膜を提供することである。 In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a coating that can reduce the wear on the surface of a counterpart material even when a molding process using a mold or a cutting process using a tool is performed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating that can prevent damage to iron-based alloy substrates such as dies and tools even if the coating is worn.
本発明者は、鋭意研究の結果、V(1−X)CXから成る被膜のCの組成比率であるX(原子%)は、後述する図3に示すようにXの値によって被膜の摩擦係数が変化する。そして、その変化点は従来のXの範囲である40at%以上60at%以下の範囲を超えたところに存在する。さらに、Cの組成比率Xが70at%を超えて95at%以下の被膜の摩擦係数は、70at%以下の被膜に比べて、摩擦係数がさらに低下して優れた潤滑性を示すことを知得した。 As a result of diligent research, the present inventor has determined that X (atomic%), which is the composition ratio of C in the film made of V (1-X) C X , is the friction of the film depending on the value of X as shown in FIG. The coefficient changes. And the change point exists in the place which exceeded the range of 40 at% or more and 60 at% or less which is the range of conventional X. Furthermore, it has been found that the friction coefficient of the coating having a C composition ratio X of more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at% is lower than that of the coating of 70 at% or less and exhibits excellent lubricity. .
この知得により、本発明においては、鉄系合金製基材上に被覆する被膜であって、V(1−X)CXから成り、かつXは原子%で70at%超95at%以下であるバナジウム含有被膜を提供することにより前述した課題を解決した。 Based on this knowledge, in the present invention, it is a coating film coated on a base material made of an iron-based alloy, consisting of V (1-X) C X , and X is more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at% in atomic%. The problem described above was solved by providing a vanadium-containing coating.
すなわち、Cの組成比率が70at%超95at%以下であるV(1−X)CXから成る被膜は、優れた潤滑性を示す。Cの組成比率の範囲を限定した理由は、前述したように図3に示すピンオンディスク試験結果によるものである。 That is, a coating film made of V (1-X) C X having a C composition ratio of more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at% shows excellent lubricity. The reason for limiting the range of the composition ratio of C is based on the pin-on-disk test results shown in FIG. 3 as described above.
また、請求項2の発明においては、請求項1の発明に係る鉄系合金製基材とバナジウム含有被膜との間に複合被膜を被覆する。この複合被膜は鉄系合金製基材から近い順にV被膜、V(1−Y)CY被膜(ただし、Yは原子%で40at%以上60at%以下)から成る被膜あって、鉄系合金製基材は金型および切削工具であるバナジウム含有被膜被覆金型および切削工具とした。 In the invention of claim 2, the composite coating is coated between the iron-based alloy base material according to the invention of claim 1 and the vanadium-containing coating. This composite coating is V coating order of proximity to the iron-based alloy base material, V (1-Y) C Y coatings (where, Y is 60at% or less than 40 at% in atomic percent) with a coating comprising, manufactured iron alloy The substrate was a vanadium-containing film-coated mold and a cutting tool , which are a mold and a cutting tool .
鉄系合金製基材上にVC被膜に代表されるV(1−Y)CY被膜(ただし、Yは原子%で40at%以上60at%以下)を直接被覆した場合、VC被膜同様にV(1−Y)CY被膜は剥離しやすい。そのため、鉄系合金製基材上にV被膜を被覆した後、V(1−Y)CY被膜を被覆することで、鉄系合金製基材に対するV(1−Y)CY被膜の密着性が高まる。また、V(1−Y)CY被膜は鉄系合金製基材と同様に金属光沢を有しているが、請求項1に係る発明のV(1−X)CX被膜(Xは原子%で70at%超95at%以下)の外観は灰色もしくは黒色を呈している。そのため、V(1−Y)CY被膜上にV(1−X)CX被膜を被覆すると、V(1−X)CX被膜が摩耗した時点で金属光沢を有するV(1−Y)CY被膜が現れる。または、V(1−Y)CY被膜がV(1−X)CX被膜と共に摩耗しても、その部分は鉄系合金製基材による金属光沢を有するため、結果として請求項1に係る発明のV(1−X)CX被膜の摩耗を容易に目視確認できる。 V represented by VC coating on the iron-based alloy base material (1-Y) C Y coatings (where, Y is more than 40 at% 60at% or less in atomic%) when coated directly, VC coating likewise V ( 1-Y) The CY coating is easy to peel off. Therefore, after coating the V film on ferrous alloy substrate, by covering the V (1-Y) C Y film, adhesion of V (1-Y) C Y coating to iron-based alloy substrate Increases nature. Further, the V (1-Y) CY coating has a metallic luster similar to the iron alloy base material, but the V (1-X) C X coating (X is an atom ) of the invention according to claim 1. The appearance of 70% to 95% by weight) is gray or black. Therefore, V (1-Y) C Y when coating on the coated and V (1-X) C X coating, V (1-X) C X coating V having metallic luster when worn (1-Y) A CY film appears. Alternatively, even if the V (1-Y) CY coating is worn together with the V (1-X) C X coating, the portion has a metallic luster due to the iron-based alloy base material, and as a result, according to claim 1 The wear of the V (1-X) C X coating of the invention can be easily visually confirmed.
本発明においては、V(1−X)CXから成り、かつXは原子%で70at%超95at%以下であるバナジウム含有被膜とすることで摩擦係数が低く優れた潤滑性を有するので、金型による成型加工や切削工具による切削加工等を行っても相手材表面との摩耗を低減できる。 In the present invention, since the vanadium-containing film is composed of V (1-X) C X and X is more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at% in atomic%, the friction coefficient is low and excellent lubricity is obtained. Wear with the surface of the mating material can be reduced even when performing molding using a mold or cutting using a cutting tool .
また、請求項2の発明においては、鉄系合金製基材上にV被膜、V(1−Y)CY被膜(ただし、Yは原子%で40at%以上60at%以下)から成る複合被膜を被覆した後、請求項1の発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜であるV(1−X)CX被膜を被覆したバナジウム含有被膜被覆金型とすることで、請求項1の発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜は摩擦係数が低く優れた潤滑性を有するので離型性も向上できる。また、請求項1の発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜であるV(1−X)CX被膜を被覆したバナジウム含有被膜被覆切削工具とすることで、被膜の摩耗を低減して工具性能(寿命)を向上できる。 In the invention of claim 2, V film on ferrous alloy substrate, V (1-Y) C Y coatings (where, Y is 60at% or less than 40 at% in atomic%) a composite coating consisting of After coating, the vanadium-containing coating film according to the invention of claim 1 is obtained by forming a vanadium-containing coating-coating mold coated with the V (1-X) C X coating that is the vanadium-containing coating film according to the invention of claim 1. Since the coefficient of friction is low and it has excellent lubricity, it is possible to improve releasability. Moreover, by using the vanadium-containing film-coated cutting tool coated with the V (1-X) C X film that is the vanadium-containing film according to the invention of claim 1, the wear of the film is reduced and the tool performance (life) is reduced. It can be improved.
なお、請求項1の発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜である灰色もしくは黒色のV(1−X)CX被膜が摩耗した時点で金属光沢を有するV(1−Y)CY被膜が現れるので、その部分を容易に目視確認できる。そのため、金型や切削工具の使用を即時に中止することできて、金型や切削工具表面が露出した状態での使用による金型や切削工具の損傷も未然に防止できる。 In addition, since the V (1-Y) CY film having a metallic luster appears when the gray or black V (1-X) C X film that is the vanadium-containing film according to the invention of claim 1 is worn, The part can be easily visually confirmed. Therefore, the use of the mold and the cutting tool can be stopped immediately, and the mold and the cutting tool can be prevented from being damaged by using the mold and the cutting tool surface exposed.
本発明の実施の形態の一例を、図面を用いて説明する。図1は、本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜等の被膜を被覆する際に用いる溶融蒸発型イオンプレーティング装置10の縦断面図である。溶融蒸発型イオンプレーティング装置10は、被覆処理を行う真空チャンバー1と、同チャンバー1外部に取り付けられた集束コイル2と、同チャンバー内でプラズマを形成するホロカソード式電子銃3と、プラズマの原料となる溶解材料を設置する坩堝4と、プラズマとなった溶解材料を被覆処理する基材(被処理物)を保持する基材保持器5とから構成されている。 An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a melt evaporation type ion plating apparatus 10 used for coating a film such as a vanadium-containing film according to the present invention. The melt evaporation type ion plating apparatus 10 includes a vacuum chamber 1 for performing a coating process, a focusing coil 2 attached to the outside of the chamber 1, a holocathode electron gun 3 for forming plasma in the chamber, and a plasma raw material. And a base material holder 5 for holding a base material (object to be processed) for coating the melted material that has become plasma.
溶融蒸発型イオンプレーティング装置10内の基材保持器5に、被覆処理する基材を装着して、真空チャンバー1内を5×10−3Pa以下の圧力まで真空ポンプを用いて真空排気を行う。その後、坩堝4内の金属バナジウム等の溶解材料をホロカソード式電子銃3によりプラズマ状態としながら、図示しない反応ガス導入口より真空チャンバー1内に導入したアセチレンやエチレンなどの炭化水素系ガスと反応させて、本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜等の被膜を基材表面上に被覆できる。 A substrate to be coated is attached to the substrate holder 5 in the melt evaporation type ion plating apparatus 10, and the vacuum chamber 1 is evacuated to a pressure of 5 × 10 −3 Pa or less using a vacuum pump. Do. Thereafter, a molten material such as vanadium metal in the crucible 4 is reacted with a hydrocarbon gas such as acetylene or ethylene introduced into the vacuum chamber 1 from a reaction gas inlet (not shown) while being in a plasma state by the holocathode type electron gun 3. Thus, a coating such as a vanadium-containing coating according to the present invention can be coated on the substrate surface.
本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜および他の被膜との摩擦係数を比較するため、摩擦摩耗試験を行った。本試験は、図1に示す装置10にてアセチレンガスを使用して、円盤状試験片にV(バナジウム)被膜を被覆した後、V(1−X)CXから成るバナジウム含有被膜(Xは原子%で32〜95at%)を被覆して、当該試験片をピンオンディスク試験により行った。図2(a)にピンオンディスク試験装置11の概略斜視図、(b)に同試験装置11の概略平面図を示す。 In order to compare the friction coefficient with the vanadium-containing coating according to the present invention and other coatings, a frictional wear test was conducted. In this test, a disc-shaped test piece was coated with a V (vanadium) film using acetylene gas in the apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1, and then a vanadium-containing film composed of V (1-X) C X (X is The test piece was subjected to a pin-on-disk test. 2A is a schematic perspective view of the pin-on-disk test apparatus 11, and FIG. 2B is a schematic plan view of the test apparatus 11.
ここでピンオンディスク試験とは、図2(a)に示すように一定荷重でピン12を押さえつけながら測定対象である円盤状試験片13を一定速度で回転させ、その時の摩擦係数などを評価する試験をいう。また、ピンオンディスク試験は以下の条件により行った。その結果を図3に示す。
・試験装置 C−SEM社製トライボメーター
・試験回転数 500rpm
・試験時間 20分間
・回転半径 2mm
・周速 0.1m/s
・荷重 10N
・試験片材料 高速度工具鋼(SKH51)表面に窒化処理
・ピン材料 軸受鋼(SUJ2:先端直径6mm)
Here, in the pin-on-disk test, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the disk-shaped test piece 13 to be measured is rotated at a constant speed while pressing the pin 12 with a constant load, and the friction coefficient at that time is evaluated. Refers to a test. The pin-on-disk test was performed under the following conditions. The result is shown in FIG.
・ Test equipment C-SEM tribometer ・ Test speed 500rpm
・ Test time: 20 minutes ・ Rotating radius: 2 mm
・ Peripheral speed 0.1m / s
・ Load 10N
・ Specimen material High-speed tool steel (SKH51) surface is nitrided ・ Pin material Bearing steel (SUJ2: Tip diameter 6 mm)
図3は、上述のピンオンディスク試験にて図2(a)および(b)に示す円盤状試験片13にV被膜を被覆後、V(1−X)CXから成るバナジウム含有被膜のCの組成比率Xを32〜95at%の範囲で変化させた被膜を被覆した時の摩擦係数の測定結果を示す。図3に示すように、Cの組成比率Xが30〜35at%である被膜の摩擦係数はおよそ0.8であり、Xが52at%〜54at%まで増加した被膜はおよそ0.6〜0.7前後の値であった。また、Xがおよそ60at%まで増加すると、摩擦係数は約0.2〜0.3まで低下した。 FIG. 3 shows the vanadium-containing coating C made of V (1-X) C X after the V-coating is applied to the disk-shaped test piece 13 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B in the pin-on-disk test described above. The measurement result of the coefficient of friction when the film in which the composition ratio X is changed in the range of 32 to 95 at% is coated is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the friction coefficient of the coating having a C composition ratio X of 30 to 35 at% is approximately 0.8, and the coating having X increased from 52 to 54 at% is approximately 0.6 to 0.00. The value was around 7. Further, when X increased to about 60 at%, the friction coefficient decreased to about 0.2 to 0.3.
これに対して本発明に係る被膜に相当するCの組成比率Xが70at%を超えると被膜の摩擦係数は0.2を下回り、Xが95at%まで増加しても、摩擦係数は0.2未満を示す結果となった。以上より、本発明に係るV(1−X)CXから成るバナジウム含有被膜(Xは原子%で70at%超95at%以下)は、Cの組成比率Xが70at%以下である他の被膜に比べて、摩擦係数が小さかった。これは、本発明に係るV(1−X)CX被膜(Xは原子%で70at%超95at%以下)が優れた潤滑性を有していることを示す。 On the other hand, when the C composition ratio X corresponding to the coating according to the present invention exceeds 70 at%, the friction coefficient of the coating is less than 0.2, and even if X increases to 95 at%, the friction coefficient is 0.2. The result showed less than. From the above, the vanadium-containing film (X is more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at%) in V (1-X) C X according to the present invention can be applied to other films having a C composition ratio X of 70 at% or less. In comparison, the coefficient of friction was small. This indicates that the V (1-X) C X coating (X is more than 70 at% and not more than 95 at%) according to the present invention has excellent lubricity.
次に、前述と同様の被覆方法により、合金工具鋼(SKD61)製の打錠機用杵の表面に本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜等を被覆して、粉末の打錠成形による被膜寿命試験を行った。その結果を表1に示す。また、図4は打錠機31を用いた錠剤36の製造工程を示したものである。Next, the vanadium-containing coating according to the present invention is coated on the surface of the punch for tableting machine made of alloy tool steel (SKD61) by the same coating method as described above, and the coating life test is performed by tableting the powder. went. The results are shown in Table 1. FIG. 4 shows the manufacturing process of the
表1は、後述する杵A乃至Cについて打錠機による被膜寿命試験を行った場合の被膜寿命を示すものである。被膜寿命試験は、後述する上下杵先端部に以下の3種類の被膜態様の上下杵を準備して、薬粉の錠剤を加工成形することにより行った。具体的な被膜態様は、(1)本発明に係る被膜、すなわちV被膜を被覆した後、VTable 1 shows the film life when a film life test is performed with a tableting machine on the bags A to C described later. The coating life test was performed by preparing the following three types of upper and lower eyelids at the tip of the upper and lower eyelids described later, and processing and molding a powder tablet. Specific coating modes are: (1) After coating the coating according to the present invention, that is, the V coating, 6060 CC 4040 被膜上にVV on the coating 2525 CC 7575 から成る被膜を被覆した杵(以下、杵Aとする)、および比較例として(2)何ら被膜の無い杵(以下、杵Bとする)、(3)V被膜を被覆した上にVAnd a comparative example (2) a wrinkle without any coating (hereinafter referred to as B), and (3) a V coating and V 6060 CC 4040 被膜を被覆した杵(以下、杵Cとする)の計3種類とした。There were a total of three types of soot (hereinafter referred to as “C”) coated with a coating.
図4において、打錠機31は錠剤36を成形する機械であり、上杵32、下杵33および臼34から構成されている。また、下杵33先端部が臼34内中央部に配置されて、上杵32及び下杵33の各先端部表面が打錠成形面となっている。錠剤36の製造工程は、臼34内に錠剤36の原料である薬粉35を入れて、当該薬粉35の上から上杵32を臼34内に挿入して、上杵32と下杵33で薬粉35を挟む。そして、上下の杵32および33を加圧して錠剤36を成形する。その後、上杵32を臼34内から抜き、下杵33先端を錠剤36ごと臼34上端部まで押し上げる。最後に、スクレーパー(掻き出し器)37により、錠剤36を取り除き、下杵33を臼34内中央部まで戻して、次の薬粉35を臼34の内部に投入する。以降、連続的に同様の工程が行われる。 In FIG. 4, a
また、打錠機31においては、薬粉35が上下杵32および33のいずれかの先端部である成形面に凝着(スティッキング)すると錠剤36が上下杵32および33に接着して、錠剤36を分離できず、さらに次の加工ができない。そこで本試験においては、薬粉35が成形面に凝着し、錠剤36が上杵32もしくは下杵33のいずれかの先端部表面から剥がれなくなった時点を以って当該被膜の寿命と判断した。さらに、本試験で使用した打錠機31には上下杵32および33を1セットとした計50セットが配置されており、錠剤30万錠を1ロットとしてロット単位で被膜寿命の評価を行った。In the
表1に示すように、従来の何ら被膜のない杵Bの場合は10ロットでスティッキングが発生した。しかし、V被膜上にVAs shown in Table 1, in the case of 10B without any conventional coating, sticking occurred in 10 lots. However, V on the V coating 6060 CC 4040 被膜を被覆した杵Cは30ロットまで寿命が延びた。これはV杵 C coated with a coating extended its life to 30 lots. This is V 6060 CC 4040 被膜を被覆することにより成形表面の硬度が高くなった為、耐摩耗性が上がった結果、寿命が延びたものと考えられる。Since the hardness of the molding surface is increased by coating the coating, it is considered that the life is extended as a result of the increased wear resistance.
これに対して本発明に係る被膜、すなわちV被膜、VOn the other hand, the film according to the present invention, that is, V film, V
6060
CC
4040
被膜の順に被覆した上にVV in the order of coating
2525
CC
7575
から成る被膜を被覆した杵Aは寿命が60ロットまで延びて、杵Bの6倍、杵Cの2倍の寿命であった。これは、杵Aの最表層に被覆したV杵 A coated with a coating consisting of 寿命 A had a life span of 60 lots, 6 times that of 杵 B and twice that of 杵 C. This is because V coated on the outermost layer of 杵 A
2525
CC
7575
被膜が、杵Bの表層に被覆したVV coated on the surface of 杵 B
6060
CC
4040
被膜と比較するとVV compared to the coating
2525
CC
7575
被膜の摩擦係数が低いため、薬粉が上下杵表面に凝着しにくく、錠剤36に対する上下杵32および33の離型性が向上した結果、寿命が延びたものと考えられる。Since the coefficient of friction of the coating is low, the drug powder is less likely to adhere to the surface of the upper and lower eyelids, and as a result of the improved releasability of the upper and
以上の結果より、本発明に係る被膜であるV被膜、VFrom the above results, the V film, V, which is the film according to the present invention,
6060
CC
4040
被膜およびVCoating and V
2525
CC
7575
被膜を打錠機31用の上下杵32および33表面に被覆することにより、薬粉35との凝着を抑制し、錠剤36との離型性が向上した結果、打錠回数を増やすことが出来た。By covering the surfaces of the upper and
次に、前述と同様の被覆方法により高速度工具鋼(SKH51)製のドリル表面に本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜等を被覆して穴あけ加工による切削試験を行った。その結果を表2に示す。Next, a vanadium-containing coating according to the present invention was coated on the drill surface made of high-speed tool steel (SKH51) by the same coating method as described above, and a cutting test by drilling was performed. The results are shown in Table 2.
表2は、(1)本発明に係る被膜、すなわちV被膜を最下層に被覆した上で、VTable 2 shows (1) the coating according to the present invention, that is, the V coating on the lowermost layer,
4040
CC
6060
被膜、VCoating, V
1515
CC
8585
から成る被膜の順に被覆したドリル(以下、ドリルAとする)、および比較例として(2)何ら被膜の無いドリル(以下、ドリルBとする)、(3)TiN(窒化チタン)の被膜を被覆したドリル(以下、ドリルCとする)、(4)V被膜を最下層に被覆した上で、VA drill (hereinafter referred to as “drill A”) in the order of the coating consisting of: (2) a drill without any coating (hereinafter referred to as “drill B”), and (3) a coating of TiN (titanium nitride). Drill (hereinafter referred to as drill C), (4) V coating on the bottom layer, V
4040
CC
6060
被膜を被覆したドリル(以下、ドリルDとする)の計4種類のドリルを用いて切削試験を行ったときのドリル寿命(穴あけ数)を示す。本切削試験は、以下の条件により行った。 The drill life (number of drilling holes) is shown when a cutting test is performed using a total of four types of drills (hereinafter referred to as drill D) coated with a coating. This cutting test was performed under the following conditions.
・使用ドリル φ6mm×115mmL ・ Used drill φ6mm × 115mmL
・ドリル回転数 2122rpm(40m/min) ・ Drill rotation speed: 2122 rpm (40 m / min)
・ドリル送り量 0.1mm/rev ・ Drill feed amount 0.1mm / rev
・被削材 S50C材(硬さ:210HB、板厚:19mm) -Work material S50C material (hardness: 210HB, plate thickness: 19mm)
・研削液の有無 なし(ドライ) ・ With or without grinding fluid (Dry)
また、本切削試験は、ドリル刃の欠けまたはドリルの折損を以ってドリルの寿命として判断した。In this cutting test, the drill life was determined based on the chip of the drill blade or the breakage of the drill.
表2に示すように、何ら被膜のないドリルBは10穴以下の加工でドリルが折損し、寿命に至った。一方、ドリルやエンドミル等の切削工具において従来からの代表的な被膜であるTiN被膜を被覆したドリルCの寿命は、250〜300穴まで増えており、ドリル表面にTiN被膜などの硬質膜を付けることによる寿命向上の効果が確認できた。更に、V被膜を最下層に被覆した上でVAs shown in Table 2, the drill B without any coating broke the drill in the processing of 10 holes or less and reached the life. On the other hand, the life of the drill C coated with a TiN film, which is a typical film conventionally used in cutting tools such as drills and end mills, has increased to 250 to 300 holes, and a hard film such as a TiN film is attached to the drill surface. The effect of the life improvement by this was confirmed. Furthermore, the V film is coated on the lowermost layer and then V 4040 CC 6060 被膜を被覆したドリルDの寿命は329〜429穴まで増えた。これは、ドリルDに被覆したVThe service life of drill D coated with coating increased to 329-429 holes. This is because the V coated on the drill D 4040 CC 6060 被膜がドリルCに被覆したTiN被膜よりも硬い(表面硬度が高い)ことによる効果と考えられる。This is considered to be due to the fact that the coating is harder (higher surface hardness) than the TiN coating coated on drill C.
これに対して本発明に係る被膜、すなわちV被膜、VOn the other hand, the film according to the present invention, that is, V film, V 4040 CC 6060 被膜の順に被覆した上にVV in the order of coating 1515 CC 8585 から成る被膜を被覆したドリルAは、その寿命が600穴まで増えており、ドリルCの2倍、ドリルDの1.4〜1.8倍にまで寿命が向上した。これは、ドリルA表面に被覆したVThe drill A coated with the coating has a life increased to 600 holes, and the life has been improved to twice that of the drill C and 1.4 to 1.8 times that of the drill D. This is because the V coated on the surface of the drill A 4040 CC 6060 被膜がその硬度を保持しながら、VWhile the coating retains its hardness, V 1515 CC 8585 被膜が有する優れた潤滑性により被膜の摩耗を低減しつつ、切り粉の排出性を高めたことによる効果と考えられる。This is considered to be the effect of increasing the chip dischargeability while reducing the wear of the film due to the excellent lubricity of the film.
以上の結果から、本発明に係る被膜であるV被膜、VFrom the above results, the V film, V, which is the film according to the present invention, 4040 CC 6060 被膜上にVV on the coating 1515 CC 8585 被膜を、切削工具(ドリル)に被覆することによって被膜の摩耗を低減してドリル性能(寿命)を向上することが出来た。By coating the coating on the cutting tool (drill), it was possible to reduce the wear of the coating and improve the drill performance (life).
なお、実施例3では本発明に係るバナジウム含有被膜等の被膜をドリルに被覆した場合を説明したが、エンドミル、ブローチ、ホブなどの切削工具に被覆しても同様の効果を得ることができることは言うまでもない。In Example 3, the case where the drill is coated with a coating such as a vanadium-containing coating according to the present invention has been described. However, the same effect can be obtained even when the cutting tool such as an end mill, broach, or hob is coated. Needless to say.
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