JP2010193857A - Harvester for rhizome crop or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester working in such a way that rhizome crops planted in a farm covered with a film sheet are pulled out, gripped and conveyed by a conveyor, capable of peeling the film sheet off the farm ground without impairing harvesting efficiency, and enabling the film sheet to be easily spread over the farm to be dryable. <P>SOLUTION: The harvester for rhizome crops includes a sheet cutter 20 situated behind the advancing direction off the initial end of a pull-out conveyor 6 and functioning to cutoff the film sheet in the machine body-advancing direction as the machine body advances. Behind the harvester, there is equipped a film sheet guide rollers 40 capable of guiding the film sheet thus cut off so as to peel it off the farm ground; wherein the guide roller 40 is composed of a horizontal guide roller 401 and a guard-shaped guide part 402 equipped with the right and left ends of the guide roller 401 and larger in diameter than the outer diameter of the guide roller 401. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvesting machine provided with a pulling conveyer for holding and harvesting the stems and leaves of underground stem crops and root vegetables planted in a field covered with a film sheet.

  Japanese Patent No. 3469998 (Prior Art 1) “Soil coating treatment device for root vegetable harvester” is known as a prior art of a harvester for rhizome crops and root vegetables equipped with this type of drawing conveyor. For this, a cutter (4) for incising the soil film (3) is attached to the lower side of the leading end of the drawing conveyance band (2), and the soil film 3a on the digging side incised by the cutter (4) is wound up. There is a description regarding a root crop harvester equipped with a take-up reel (5).

Japanese Patent No. 3469998 (prior art 1)

  When harvesting is carried out in a harvesting machine equipped with a pull-out conveyor that picks up and removes the foliage of underground stem crops, etc. planted in multiple strips in a field covered with film sheets, it is planted in multiple strips on a single basket. It is necessary to cut and separate the harvested film sheet from the unharvested side if you try to work while digging out the crops one by one and removing the harvested film sheet so that it will not be crushed more than necessary in the vehicle running part. is there. For this reason, during the harvesting operation, the operation is performed while cutting the film sheet with the sheet cutter in the traveling direction.

  The soil film processing apparatus of a root crop harvesting machine disclosed in the prior art 1 cuts a multifilm with a multicutter, and then winds and collects it with a take-up reel provided behind the multifilm.

  Immediately after the film sheet is peeled off, water droplets and soil on the ground surface are attached to the film sheet. When the film is collected by the take-up reel immediately after peeling off as in the prior art 1, water drops and soil are also taken up simultaneously. This is inconvenient when the collected film sheet is discarded. For this reason, after peeling off the film sheet, it was left to stand in the field and dried before being collected.

  Further, depending on the size of the take-up reel, there has been a problem that the film sheet must be taken out from the take-up reel, and the harvesting operation is frequently interrupted, resulting in poor work efficiency.

  For this reason, an object of the present invention is to remove a film sheet without impairing the efficiency of the harvesting work in a harvesting machine that pulls out and transports rhizome crops and root vegetables planted in a field covered with a film sheet and pulls and conveys them by a conveyor. It is possible to spread easily on the field and dry.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in a self-propelled harvester provided with a harvesting device such as rhizome crops planted in a field covered with a film sheet, the harvesting device is obliquely installed rearward from the front to the rear. A pull-out conveyor unit that pinches and removes the foliage of crops planted in the field, and a lower part of the underground stem crops, etc. in the vicinity of the pull-out conveyor conveyer and passes the surrounding soil to loosen the surrounding soil And a root cutting blade for cutting a part of the root, and a sheet cutter that is positioned rearward in the advancing direction from the leading end of the pulling conveyer and cuts the film sheet in the advancing direction as the machine progresses. On the rear side, there is provided a film sheet guide roller that can guide the film sheet that has been cut along with the progress of the machine body so as to be peeled off from the field scene. Proposal of a harvesting machine for rhizome crops, characterized in that it is composed of a horizontal guide roller orthogonal to the direction, and a rod-shaped guide portion provided at the left and right ends of the guide roller, each having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide roller. .

  According to the present invention, the sheet cutter that cuts the film sheet in the direction of travel as the machine progresses, and the film sheet guide roller that can guide the cut film sheet to be peeled off from the field scene are provided behind the harvester. It is provided, and it is possible to peel off the film sheet from the field scene at the same time as the harvesting of the rhizome crops, and the peeled film sheet can be placed in the state of being spread on the field. Can be recovered. Further, it is not necessary to incorporate a complicated mechanism such as a winding device, and efficient work can be performed with a simple configuration.

Side view of a rhizome crop harvester embodying the present invention Plan view of a rhizome crop harvester embodying the present invention Rear view of rhizome crop harvester embodying the present invention Side view of the harvester showing the harvest situation of rhizome crops Side view explaining how to remove film sheet Front sectional view when working with embedded film sheet Side view of main part of sheet cutter

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a rhizome crop harvester embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is also a plan view, FIG. 3 is also a rear view, FIG. 4 is a side view of the harvester showing the harvest situation of rhizome crops, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the sheet cutter unit during operation, and FIG. 7 is a side view of the main part of the sheet cutter unit.

  A rhizome crop harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a self-propelled vehicle body 1, a cockpit 2, an operation device 3, a rhizome crop harvesting device 4, and an operator riding section 5. ing. The self-propelled vehicle body 1 is self-propelled by the crawler device 1 a and travels by the pilot of the pilot sitting in the cockpit 2. The operator operates the operation device 3 to activate the harvesting device 4.

  The harvesting device 4 conveys the rhizome crop C provided in the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, the root conveying blade 6 provided in the vicinity of the starting end of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, and the pulling and conveying unit 6 provided obliquely upward and downward. On the way, the foliage part cutting part 8 which cuts and separates the foliage part and the rhizome part of the rhizome crop C, the underground stem receiving part 9 provided below the foliage part cutting part 8, and the bulb movement which moves the underground stem part so that it can be placed. The hair root cutting part 10 which has the hair root cutting blade 10b which cuts a hair root part and a stem from the body 10a and the underground stem part, the cutting part storage container 14, and the receiving part storage container 15 are provided.

  The worker's riding section 5 is composed of a seat. In this embodiment, the seat includes two seats arranged in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction, and is provided adjacent to the bulb moving body 10a of the follicle cutting unit 10 and facing the traveling direction.

  The pulling and conveying conveyor unit 6 is disposed obliquely with a pair of left and right elastic endless belts 6a and 6a positioned at the front upstream side at the bottom and the rear downstream side at the top, and the left and right elastic endless belts 6a and 6a are at the rear top Between the drive sprocket located at the front and the driven sprocket located at the lower front, the opposing surfaces are opposed to each other from the left and right, move from the lower front to the upper rear and rotate endlessly. A foliage guide 13 is provided at the tip of the pulling and conveying conveyor unit 6.

A root cutting blade 7 is provided in the vicinity of the starting end of the drawing / conveying section 6. The root cutting blade 7 is stretched over the tip of a root cutting frame 7a that is pivotally supported by the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6 in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. It passes through the lower part and swings back and forth to swell and soften the soil around the rhizome and cut a part of the root.

  The foliage cutting unit 8 provided in the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6 is composed of two opposing circular rotary cutters 8a and 8a provided in the lower part of the frame of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6, and is rotated in the reverse direction to be conveyed. The coming rhizome crop C is cut and separated into the foliage portion L and the rhizome portion U of the rhizome crop C in the middle of conveyance.

  A leaflet 11 made of an endless chain conveyor is provided at a position that becomes the downstream end at the upper end of the drawing and conveying conveyor unit 6. The leaflet body 11 is provided with the upstream end portion of the endless chain conveyor adjacent to the downstream end portion of the pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6, and only the leaf portion L cut by the leaf portion cutting portion 8 is hooked. 11 is discharged from a leaf chute 12 connected to the downstream end of the leaf 11.

  A sheet that is positioned behind the leading end of the pulling and conveying conveyor 6 in the direction of travel and on the unharvested crop side of the pinching part of the foliage and that cuts the film sheet F covering the crop planting ridge G in the direction of travel as the machine progresses. The cutter 20 is provided on a drawing / conveying conveyor frame 6 d that constitutes the drawing / conveying conveyor unit 6. In addition, the film sheet embedded in the soil is continuously embedded in the soil on the unharvested crop side of the film sheet F, which is located on the unharvested crop side of the sheet cutter 20 and behind the cutting position of the sheet cutter 20 and is cut along with the progress of the machine body. A body 21 is provided.

  The sheet cutter 20 is composed of a vertical disk with a sharp outer periphery freely rotatable by a horizontal cutter rotating shaft 20a orthogonal to the traveling direction. In this embodiment, the sheet cutter 20 is advanced by a drive motor 20b. The film sheet F is configured to be forcibly driven to rotate forward at a speed higher than the speed so as to penetrate the outer periphery of the tip into the soil and cut the film sheet F. Cutting can also be performed by rotating without forced driving.

  The sheet cutter 20 is provided to be swingable up and down and left and right by a swing arm 22 with respect to the drawing / conveying conveyor frame 6d. The connecting portion of the swing arm 22 at one end to the drawing / conveying conveyor frame 6d is connected via a swinging member 22c swinging up and down and left and right by a vertical left and right rotation shaft 22a and a horizontal vertical rotation shaft 22b. The swing arm 22 can swing up and down and left and right, and a sheet cutter 20 is provided at the other end.

  A spring 24 is provided between the swing member 22c of the swing arm 22 and the sheet cutter 20 to urge the swing arm 22 downward. The spring 24 is attached to the pulling / conveying conveyor frame 6d and the swing arm 22. One end of the support rod 23 is slidable in the axial direction with respect to the swing arm 22, and the spring 24 is expanded and contracted to urge the swing arm 22. . Thereby, the sheet cutter 20 follows the unevenness of the field and the rolling of the vehicle body and cuts the film sheet F.

  A support arm 21e that holds the film sheet embedded body 21 is fixed to the rear side of the cutter rotating shaft 20a, which is the sheet cutter rotating shaft of the swing arm 22, with a bolt. The embedded film sheet 21 includes an embedding disk 21a and a scraper 21d. The embedding disk 21a is a vertical disk, and the disk side surface is concentric with the rotating shaft 21c of the disk and outside the disk. A flange portion 21b having a diameter smaller than the diameter is provided. The support arm 21e is provided with a rotating shaft 21c of the embedded disk 21a fixed in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the vehicle body traveling direction, and the embedded disk 21a is rotatably held on the rotating shaft 21c. The flange portion 21b on the side surface of the disk abuts on the surface of the ridge G, keeps the embedding depth of the film sheet F constant, and suppresses the embedding portion.

  The embedded disk 21a rotates the film sheet embedded body 21 behind the cutter rotating shaft 20a of the sheet cutter 20 because the end of the film sheet F after being cut by the sheet cutter 20 is pushed into the soil and buried. The shaft 21c is located, and is located on the unharvested crop side of the sheet cutter 20.

  A scraper 21d is fixed to the support arm 21e and scrapes off the dirt adhering to the rotating embedded disk 21a.

  The fixing portion of the support arm 21e holding the film sheet embedded body 21 to the swing arm 22 can be rotated and fixed in the vertical direction so that the film sheet embedded body 21 can be vertically adjusted with respect to the sheet cutter 20. A fixing bolt portion is provided.

  A film sheet pressing member 30 is provided at the front end of the foliage portion at the front end of the drawing / conveying conveyor section 6, and the film sheet is held by the drawing / conveying section 6 and is lifted by the underground stalk crop pulled upward. Press F.

  The film sheet pressing member 30 is composed of two pressing rollers 30a provided on the both sides of the clamping position of the foliage portion clamping start end of the drawing / conveying section 6, and the pressing rollers 30a are rollers on the drawing / conveying conveyor frame 6d. The arm 30b is held so as to be rotatable up and down. One end of the roller arm 30b is rotatably held by the pulling / conveying conveyor frame 6d by a rotation shaft orthogonal to the traveling direction, and the pressing roller 30a is rotatably held by the other end. When the drawing roller conveyor frame 6d moves up and down as the pressing roller 30a moves up and down, or follows the unevenness of the ridge G, the film sheet F is pressed. The pressing roller 30a of the present invention hangs downward by its own weight and presses the film sheet F, but may be structured to be biased downward by a spring or the like.

  A gauge ring 31 is provided in front of the pulling and conveying conveyor unit 6 to stabilize the height of the foliage pinching, and the height is stabilized while rolling on the upper surface of the ridge G, and the film sheet F is lifted up. This is prevented together with the sheet pressing member 30. Since the film sheet pressing member cannot be pressed when the end of the film sheet F cut in the previous process is rolled up by wind or the like, problems such as the film sheet F being caught in the drawing / conveying section occur. For this reason, the end portion is buried in the soil by the embedding disk 21a in the previous process, and the film sheet F is stretched and the sheet cutter 20 is surely cut and left uncut. Does not occur.

  FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the ridge G at the time of operation. The sheet cutter 20 and the film sheet embedded body 21 pass through the interstitial portion of the rhizome crop C planted on the ridge G, and the film sheet As F is cut, the cut end of the film sheet F is embedded in the soil. The end of the unharvested film sheet F cut by the sheet cutter 20 is drawn into the soil by the embedded disk 21a of the film sheet embedded body 21 located behind the sheet cutter 20 and offset to the unharvested side. Embedded. A flange portion 21b that is concentric with the rotating shaft 21c of the embedded disc 21a and smaller in diameter than the outer diameter of the embedded disc 21a is provided on the side surface of the embedded disc 21a. The flange portion 21b makes the embedded depth constant and suppresses the embedded portion. The film sheet F is prevented from coming off, and the end of the film sheet F is embedded.

  In this embodiment, the rhizome receiving part 9 is composed of a belt conveyor, and moves at a speed lower than the speed of the bulb moving body 10a adjacent in parallel to the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction. On the terminal end side of the rhizome receiving part 9, the rhizome part U on which the receiving part storage container 15 is placed and transported is accommodated.

  On the other hand, when the hair root cutting part 10 is provided in parallel with the rhizome receiving part 9 and the operator takes out the rhizome part U placed on the rhizome receiving part 9 and supplies it to the hair root cutting part 10, the hair It is possible to cut the hair root portion R and the stem S side to a certain length by the rhizome cutting blade 10b.

  The bulb moving body 10a of the hair root cutting part 10 is aligned with the chain conveyor provided in the approximate center of the horizontally long frame adjacent to the underground stem receiving part 9 made of a belt conveyor in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor. A bucket is attached.

  The hair root cutting blade 10b of the hair root cutting unit 10 includes a hair root cutter 106 and a stem cutter 107, which are rotary circular blades provided on the left and right sides of the downstream side of the chain conveyor 101. The hair root cutter 106 is provided adjacent to the outer side of the root placement plate side on the root placement plate side of the bucket, and is shifted from the stem cutter 107 to the downstream side. The stem cutter 107 is provided outside the auxiliary plate on the auxiliary plate side of the bucket, and is shifted from the root cutter 106 to the upstream side. In another embodiment, the position of the hair root cutter 106 may be provided on the right side in the traveling direction of the chain conveyor 101. In this case, the root placement plate is also provided on the same side.

  The cutting part storage container 14 is a box-like body having an open upper surface placed below the most downstream side of the bulb moving body 10a of the follicle cutting part 10, and is provided on the vehicle body 1 so as to be foldable and open. It is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 16 supported in the state.

  The receiving part storage container 15 is a box-like body having an open upper surface placed below the most downstream side of the underground stem receiving part 9 made of a belt conveyor, and is provided in a foldable manner on the vehicle body 1 so as to be opened and in a horizontal state. It is detachably mounted on the mounting plate 16 supported by the above. The mounting plate 16 can be expanded in width by providing a folding portion 16a that can be opened and closed in the lateral direction of the traveling direction.

  Under the rider's seat (seat) of the worker behind the harvester, there is provided a guide roller 40 for the film sheet F that can be guided so as to peel off the cut film sheet F from the field scene as the machine progresses. Reference numeral 40 denotes a horizontal guide roller 401 orthogonal to the aircraft traveling direction, and a hook-shaped guide portion 402 provided at the left and right ends of the guide roller 401 and having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide roller. As shown in FIG. 5, when the belt-like film sheet F cut by the sheet cutter 20 in front of the machine body is hung on the guide roller 401 and the rear end is fixed to the field, the machine sheet advances by the harvesting operation, so that the film sheet F is It is lifted off the ground by the guide roller 401 and peeled off. The hook-shaped guide portion 402 functions as a stopper when the film sheet F is biased to the left and right, and guides the film sheet to the side when it is desired to guide the film sheet F to the tub side after harvesting. It is effective as a time guide.

  Next, the operation of the rhizome crop harvester which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described. The vehicle body 1 that can be driven by the operation of the operator sitting in the cockpit 2 drives the crawler device 1a and travels, and the operator operates the operation device 3 to activate the harvesting device 5. An operator who processes the harvest on the vehicle sits on the seat 5 in the traveling direction. In this embodiment, two left and right seats 5 are provided, and work by two people is possible.

  When the vehicle body 1 is moved in the direction of arrow A and the harvesting device 4 is operated, the root cutting edge 7 of the root stem crop C is moved while the root cutting blade 7 provided in the front portion of the pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6 swings back and forth. The soil in the vicinity of U is swelled and softened and cut below the hair root R. The foliage portion L of the rhizome crop C is guided by the foliage guide 13 and is pulled out between the opposing surfaces of the pair of left and right elastic endless belts 6a, 6a of the rotating pulling and conveying conveyor portion 6, and obliquely up and rearward while being pinched It is conveyed to.

  The rhizome crop C conveyed obliquely upward and rearward enters between the cutters 8a of the foliage cutting section 8 provided in the reverse direction and is cut into the foliage L and the rhizome U. The cut rhizome part U falls as it is and falls onto the belt conveyor which is the rhizome receiving part 9. The foliage portion L from which the underground stem portion U has been cut is conveyed obliquely upward, caught on the endless rotating chain 11 that is the leaflet body 11, falls onto the leaflet chute 12 on the downstream side, and is discharged to the field.

  Since the underground stem U that has fallen on the underground stem receiving portion 9 moves slowly by the movement of the belt conveyor, the underground stem U that successively falls in the same place does not accumulate. The slowly moving rhizome part U is supplied and placed on the bucket of the hair root cutting part 10 by two workers sitting on the seat 5 which is the riding part. When each underground pedicle portion U placed reaches the hair root cutting blade 10b by the movement of the chain conveyor 101, the hair root portion R and the stem S portion are cut to have a uniform length.

  The bulb portion B cut from the foliage portion L and the hair root portion R is conveyed while being placed on the bucket 102 and is dropped and stored in the cut portion storage container 13 on the downstream side.

  Of the underground stem portions that have fallen on the underground stem receiving portion 9, the underground stem portion that has not been taken by the operator during the movement of the belt conveyor is dropped and stored in the receiving portion storage container 14 located on the lower downstream side of the belt conveyor. The untreated rhizome part that has fallen into the receiving part storage container 14 may be processed by operating only the follicle treatment part 10 again after the digging operation is completed, or the follicles in a different process of another time and place. It is also possible to perform a removal process.

  The sheet sheet 20 is cut with the sheet cutter 20 and the uncut portion is embedded in the soil, so that the film sheet pressing member 30 is surely acted in the next step. Since the film sheet F is prevented from being lifted and the film sheet F is stretched, the sheet cutter 20 is not left uncut and the work can be performed efficiently.

  The belt-shaped film sheet F cut by the sheet cutter 20 is hung on the guide roller 401 at the rear of the machine body, and when the rear end is fixed to the farm field, the film body is moved by the harvesting operation, so that the film sheet F is moved by the guide roller 401. While being lifted off the ground and stripped off, it is placed in a state of being spread on the farm scene. Thereby, the film sheet F to which the water | moisture content etc. of the field scene adhered is dried, collection | recovery work becomes easy and disposal processing becomes easy.

  The present invention relates to root vegetables such as carrots and radishes planted in a cocoon covered with a film sheet, and rhizome crops such as garlic, onion, and lily root, and in particular, rhizomes that are extracted and harvested from a field while running garlic by a traveling vehicle body. It can be used as a crop harvester. The present invention can be used even if the vehicle body 1 that can travel is a walking type harvester that does not have the cockpit 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle body which can be traveled 1a Crawler device 2 Pilot's seat 3 Operation device 4 Harvesting device 5 Worker's riding part (seat)
6 Pulling and Conveying Unit 6a Elastic Endless Belt 6d Pulling and Conveying Frame 7 Root Cutting Blade 7a Root Cutting Frame 8 Foliage Cutting Unit 8a Cutter 9 Underground Stem Receiving Unit 10 Hair Root Cutting Unit 10a Bulb Moving Body (Endless Chain Conveyor)
10b hair root cutting blade 106 hair root cutter 107 stem cutter 11 leaflet (endless chain conveyor)
12 Leaflet chute 13 Stem and leaf guide 14 Cutting portion storage container 15 Receiving portion storage container 16 Placement plate 16a Placement plate folding portion 20 Sheet cutter 20a Cutter rotating shaft 20b Drive motor 21 Film sheet embedded body 21a Embedded disk 21b Flange portion 21c Rotating shaft 21d Scraper 21e Support arm 22 Swing arm 22a Left and right rotating shaft 22b Vertical rotating shaft 22c Oscillating member 23 Support rod 24 Spring 30 Film sheet pressing member 30a Pressing roller 30b Roller arm 31 Gauge wheel 40 Guide roller 401 Guide roller 402 Sponge-shaped guide part C Underground stem crop U Underground stem part R Hair root part B Bulb part S Stem L Stem leaf part F Film sheet G

Claims (1)

  In a self-propelled harvester equipped with a harvesting device such as rhizome crops planted in a field covered with a film sheet, the harvesting device is stalks and leaves of the crop planted obliquely from the front to the rear and planted in the field A pulling and conveying conveyor section that picks up and pulls out the section, and a lower section of the underground stalk crop, etc. that is provided near the starting end of the drawing and conveying conveyor, passes the lower portion of the soil and softens the surrounding soil and cuts a part of the root A root cutter and a sheet cutter that cuts the film sheet in the direction of travel as the machine progresses are located behind the starting end of the draw conveyor, and the sheet cutter is cut as the machine progresses. A film sheet guide roller that can guide the film sheet to be peeled off from the field is provided. Id roller and, harvesters rhizome crops characterized in that it is constituted by a guide roller on the left and right ends respectively provided guide rollers outside flange-like guide part of larger diameter than the diameter.

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