JP2010184226A - Grain grader - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain grader including a grain-size sorter and a hue sorter together in one that can quickly and easily adjust the feed rate to the grain-size sorter and hue sorter and each sorting factor of the grain-size sorter and hue sorter for a different raw material of a sorting object. <P>SOLUTION: The rejecting rate per unit time of inferior grains is calculated from the frequency of sorting and rejecting operation per unit time of the sorting and rejecting means and compared with a predetermined standard rejecting rate of inferior grains. When the rejecting rate per unit time of inferior grains is higher than the standard rejecting rate of inferior grains, the rotation speed of a rotor installed in a cylindrical sorting net at the grain-size sorter side is controlled so as to be decreased. When the rejecting rate per unit time of inferior grains is lower than the standard rejecting rate of inferior grains, the rotation speed of the rotor is controlled so as to be increased. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain sorter.

  Conventionally, a grain sorter and a color sorter are integrally disposed, and after a selection process is performed in advance by a grain sorter in a previous process, colored grains (including damaged grains) are obtained by a color sorter in a subsequent process. Grain sorters that can sort out and remove foreign substances (colored substances) and foreign substances (colored matter), thereby reducing the burden on the color sorter and improving sorting efficiency are well known.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a rice hull sorting apparatus having a structure in which a grain size sorting machine and a color sorting machine are arranged side by side in a rice huller to sort the koji brown rice mixed grains into koji and brown rice. As a result, the amount of soot supplied to the color sorter can be greatly reduced, the color sorter can be miniaturized and the production cost can be greatly reduced.

  In Patent Document 2, a shape sorter that sorts milled rice into sized and crushed grains, and a color sorter that can sort differently sized grains or crushed grains sorted by this shape sorter, in this order. A rice grain sorting device arranged in the above is disclosed. In this product, the polished rice is sorted into a sized and crushed grain by a shape sorter and then sorted by a color sorter. Colored sized and crushed particles are obtained, and efficient milled rice can be selected.

  Patent Document 3 includes a supply hopper, a stone extraction sorter, a rice mill, a broken rice sorter, and a color sorter, and at least the rice mill, the broken rice sorter, and the color sorter are provided in one machine frame. There is disclosed a grain preparation device characterized in that it is integrated by being installed in and out of the machine and covering the machine frame with a removable cover. Since this product does not have a rice huller, wind sorter and particle size sorter already owned by many farmers, the grain preparation device can be downsized and transported easily. Maintenance can be facilitated by making each device freely accessible.

  However, in the grain sorter described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, for example, the grain size sorter in the previous process has a sorting cylinder built up in the machine frame and has different grain sizes. When sorting etc., the control is performed such that the sorting cylinder is replaced with a desired sorting scale, or the rotation speed of the cereal helix rotating in the sorting cylinder is changed so as to obtain an optimum sorting state. There was a need.

  On the other hand, even if it is a color sorter in the post process, if the varieties and sorting materials of the materials to be sorted are different, the raw material supply amount, the sorting sensitivity, and the threshold are set so that the color sorting operation that matches the type and sorting materials can be performed. It was necessary to adjust according to the selected raw materials, such as value setting. That is, in order to achieve the purpose of improving the sorting efficiency by reducing the burden on the color sorter in the subsequent process by integrating the grain size sorter and the color sorter together, for example, the same sorting raw material Even so, it is necessary to adjust the amount of fine product discharged from the large grain sorter and the amount of raw material supplied to the color sorter approximately the same, but these adjustments have been made in conventional grain sorters. In addition, the supply flow rate to the grain size sorter and the color sorter had to be adjusted depending on the operator's intuition.

  Also, in the conventional grain sorter, every time the sorting raw material is changed, the operator manually adjusts the grain size sorting machine according to the sorting raw material (changes the sorting cylinder to a desired sorting scale). And changing the rotation speed of the cereal helix) and adjusting the color sorter (changing the supply amount of raw materials, changing the sorting sensitivity, changing the threshold, etc.), which are set manually. There is a problem that the adjustment work is complicated and requires a lot of time.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-23750 JP 63-218288 A JP 2005-334731 A

  In view of the above problems, the present invention, when the grain sorter and the color sorter are integrally arranged, the adjustment of the supply flow rate of the grain size sorter and the color sorter, and the sorting raw materials of the sorting objects are different. It is a technical problem to provide a grain sorter that can quickly and easily adjust each sorting element of a grain sorter and a color sorter.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that the supplied grain is preliminarily selected to be sized and waste particles or sized and immature particles, and the particle size selecting unit. A grain sorter equipped with an optical sorting section that optically sorts and removes defective grains such as colored grains or foreign matters in response to the sorted particles, and sorts and removes the defective grains on the optical sorting section side. Means for calculating a defective product removal rate per unit time from the number of sorting / removal operations per unit time of the sorting / removing unit, and calculating the defective product removal rate and a preset reference defective product removal rate. In comparison, if the defective product removal rate per unit time is higher than the standard defective product removal rate, control is performed to reduce the rotational speed of the rotating body provided in the selection screen cylinder on the side of the grain size selection unit, unit time If the defective product removal rate per hit is lower than the standard defective product removal rate, Providing a control means for performing control for increasing the rotational speed of the rotating body, it took technical means of.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a storage tank that temporarily stores the sized particles sorted by the large sized particle sorting unit at the connecting portion between the large particle size sorting unit and the optical sorting unit, and the sized particle discharged from the storage tank. And a vibration feeder that supplies the optical sorting unit to the optical sorting unit, and the control means detects the magnitude or vibration of the vibration feeder if the defective product removal rate per unit time exceeds a standard defective product removal rate. The frequency is controlled so that the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration is increased when the defective product removal rate per unit time is lower than the standard defective product removal rate.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the control means sets a multi-stage threshold value according to the difference between the defective particle removal rate per unit time and a reference defective particle removal rate, and performs each step. According to a threshold value, the number of rotations of the rotating body and the target control amount of the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration are determined once, so that the reference defective particle removal rate is reached in the shortest time. Control is performed.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the defective particle sorting / removing means on the optical sorting section side, the defective particle removal rate per unit time is calculated from the number of sorting / removing operations per unit time of the sorting / removing means. In addition, the defective product removal rate is compared with a preset standard defective product removal rate, and if the defective product removal rate per unit time is higher than the standard defective product removal rate, the grain size selection unit side Control is performed to lower the rotational speed of the rotating body provided in the sorting screen cylinder, and if the defective product removal rate per unit time is lower than the standard defective product removal rate, the rotational speed of the rotating body is increased. The defective product removal rate per unit time can be estimated directly from the number of sorting / removal operations per unit time of the sorting / removing means, and the flow rate of the sized particles sorted by the grain size sorting unit in the previous process is calculated. Because it is not a technique, Necessary to provide a or the level sensor becomes possible to reduce the no manufacturing costs. In addition, the rotation speed of the rotating body of the large-size sorting unit is reduced so that the optimum defective product removal rate recommended by the light sorting unit is reduced, the contact time between the sorting net cylinder and the selected grain is increased, By increasing the removal rate of immature grains, it is possible to control to automatically improve the sorting efficiency by reducing the burden of waste grains and immature grains on the light sorting unit side.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the storage tank that temporarily stores the sized particles selected by the large particle size selector at the connecting portion between the large particle size selector and the optical selector is discharged from the storage tank. A vibration feeder that receives the particle size and supplies the optical sorting unit to the optical sorting unit is provided, and if the control unit has a defective product removal rate per unit time higher than a standard defective product removal rate, the amplitude of the vibration feeder or Control to lower the frequency of vibration, and if the defective product removal rate per unit time is lower than the standard defective product removal rate, control to increase the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration, so that the light sorting unit Therefore, it is possible to automatically control the flow rate of the grains supplied to the optical sorting unit so as to obtain the optimum defective product removal rate recommended by the company.

  Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 3, the control means sets a multi-stage threshold according to the difference between the defective particle removal rate per unit time and a reference defective particle removal rate, The number of rotations of the rotating body and the target control amount of the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration at one time are determined according to the threshold value of each stage, and the minimum defective particle removal rate of the reference is as short as possible. Since such control is performed, it is possible to quickly adjust each sorting element of the grain sorter and the color sorter.

It is a figure showing the schematic internal structure of the grain sorter concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is the perspective view which looked at the appearance of the grain sorter from diagonally right above. It is the perspective view which looked at the external appearance of the grain sorter from diagonally upper left. It is a right view of a grain sorter. It is a left view of a grain sorter. It is a front view of a grain sorter. It is the schematic of a chute | shoot type | mold optical selection part. It is a block diagram which shows the outline of a control circuit. It is a flowchart which shows the effect | action of a control circuit.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic internal structure of a grain sorter according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the appearance of the grain sorter as viewed from the upper right, and FIG. 4 is a right side view, FIG. 5 is a left side view, FIG. 6 is a front view, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a chute-type optical sorting unit.

  1 to 7, the grain sorter 1 according to the present embodiment has an overall height of a pair of frames 2a and 2b in which frames having a side view of an Arabic numeral and a shape of approximately “2” are arranged opposite to each other. An approximately rectangular parallelepiped-shaped grain size selection unit 3 having a width of 2.0 m and an overall width of about 1.0 m, and an optical selection unit arranged so that the grain flows from the upper part of the grain size selection unit 3 toward the lower left in a front view. 4 are integrally disposed.

  The frames 2a and 2b are provided with a predetermined number (two in this embodiment) of casters 2c, which are movable, and can be installed in an appropriate layout by an operator. .

  The grain size sorting unit 3 is provided with a raw material charging hopper 5 on the back surface of the casing 3a. In the casing 3a, a sorting net cylinder 6 for sorting grain sizes of waste rice, immature rice and sized particles is provided. The sorting net cylinder 6 is closed, and the upper surface of the sorting net cylinder 6 is closed. In the sorting net cylinder 6, a whipping roll 7 is standing, and a so-called top feed type vertical sorting section is formed. The whipping roll 7 is provided with a spiral mashing helix 8 on its outer periphery, and is rotated from the raw material charging hopper 5 to the inside of the sorting net cylinder 6 by rotating the whipping roll 7 by a rotation driving means such as an inverter motor 40. The grain supplied to the lower part of the screen rises in the sorting net cylinder 6 while receiving centrifugal force due to the rotation of the hulling helix 8.

  A large number of sorting holes 9 are formed in the sorting net cylinder 6, and a dust particle chamber 10 is formed between the sorting net cylinder 6 and the housing 3a. As a result, waste grains (immature grains) are transferred from the grains rising in the sorting net cylinder 6 while receiving the above-described centrifugal force to the waste grain chamber 10 through the many sorting holes 9, thereby allowing the sorting holes 9. Depending on the size, the waste particles are removed from the grain and the particle size is selected.

  The lower part of the waste particle chamber 10 is connected to the outside of the housing 3a via the waste particle discharge rod 11, and the waste rice transferred to the waste particle chamber 10 is discharged out of the housing 3a via the waste particle discharge rod 11. Is done.

  A predetermined number of plate-like scraping blades 12 are provided at the upper end of the whipping roll 7, and the upper end of the sorting screen cylinder 6 communicates with the base end of a grain selection storage tank 13 as a primary storage tank. Then, the grains conveyed to the upper end of the sorting net cylinder 6 are carried into the grain selection storage tank 13 in a radiating manner by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the scraping blades 12.

  At the lower part of the grain selection storage tank 13, an optical sorting unit 4 arranged so that the grain flows toward the lower left on the front side of the grain size sorting machine 3 is provided. The optical sorting unit 4 is a so-called chute-type optical sorting unit. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the partitioning wall 4a partitions the vibration feeder 14 and the chute 15 serving as a grain supply unit, and the primary sorting unit 4b. And a secondary sorting unit 4c, and a vibration feeder 14 is provided between the grain sorting storage tank 13 and the supply chute 15, and the grains conveyed to the grain sorting storage tank 13 vibrate. It is sent out by the feeder 14 and supplied to the inclined chute 15. Further, in order to dispose the chute optical sorting unit 4 below the grain sorting storage tank 13, the chute 15 is tilted so that the detection unit 26 of the chute optical sorting unit 4 faces the tilted downward in the front view of the grain sorter 1. In addition, the chute width W of the chute-type optical sorting unit 4 and the width L of the bulging portion 13a on the release side of the grain sorting storage tank 13 are formed to be substantially the same length in a side view of the grain sorter 1. ing. And in the up-down direction, the front wall 13b of the grain selection storage tank 13 and the side surface of the chute-type optical sorting unit 4 are arranged flush with each other.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, the width W1 of the chute 15 of the chute-type optical sorting unit 4 on the primary sorting unit 4b side is about 160 mm, and the width W2 on the secondary sorting unit 4c side is about 80 mm. The overall width W of the chute 15 is about 240 mm. On the other hand, the width L of the bulging portion 13 a on the release side of the grain selection storage tank 13 is formed to be substantially the same length as the entire width W of the chute 15. And the chute | shoot type | mold optical selection part 4 is arrange | positioned so that it may follow the front wall 13b of the grain selection storage tank 13 in an up-down direction. 4 and 5, the shoot type optical sorting unit 4 does not cause a step between the grain selection storage tank 13 and the shoot type optical sorting unit 4 and does not cause a dead space. Storage space is ensured, the entire configuration of the grain sorter 1 can be miniaturized to save space, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the chute 15 is disposed at a predetermined angle from below the grain selection storage tank 13, and a detection unit 26 is formed at the lower end of the chute 15. The detection unit 26 is provided so as to surround a visible light illuminator 27 that irradiates a target object that passes through the detection unit 26 with a visible light ray and a near-infrared illuminator 28 that irradiates a near infrared ray. A pair of cameras 16a and 16b for optically monitoring both the front and back surfaces of the sorting object in order to detect reflected light or transmitted light from below, and below the pair of cameras 16a and 16b An ejector nozzle 17 is provided as a means for sorting and removing the arranged defective particles.

  Below the ejector nozzle 17, good grain discharge rods 18 corresponding to the dropping trajectory of the grains are provided for the primary sorting unit (18a) and the secondary sorting unit (18b), respectively. The fine grains that have not been removed by the ejector nozzles 17a and 17b fall along the trajectory as they are. On the other hand, at the positions of the ejector nozzles 17a and 17b facing the direction of the blast, defective particle discharge rods 19 for receiving colored particles or foreign substances are provided for the primary sorting unit (19a) and the secondary sorting unit (19b). Colored particles and foreign matters that are respectively provided and sorted and removed by the ejector nozzles 17a and 17b fall into the defective particle discharge rods 19a and 19b. As a result, the colored grains and foreign substances are sorted and removed from the good grains.

  The optical sorting unit 4 includes a first fine grain cerealing machine 20 that is connected to the good grain discharge basket 18a of the primary sorting unit and discharges the good grains out of the machine, and the defective grain discharge of the primary sorting unit. A first defective grain cerealing machine 21 that is connected to the basket 19a and supplies defective grains to the secondary sorting section, and a second good that returns the good grains sorted by the secondary sorting section to the grain sorting storage tank 13 A grain cerealing machine 22 is erected. The defective grain discharge basket 19b of the secondary sorting unit communicates with the outside of the machine via a pipe (not shown), while the grain from the discharge basket 22a of the second fine grain milling machine 22 passes through the path 23. It is returned to the selected storage tank 13. And these 1st good grain cerealing machine 20, the 1st defective grain cerealing machine 21, and the 2nd fine grain cerealing machine 22 are integrally accommodated in the housing | casing 3a of the said top-feed type vertical sorting machine. It is. Thereby, a plurality of cerealing machines can be arranged separately and can be organized neatly in appearance without making a complicated arrangement configuration. And the grain sorter 1 can be easily installed immediately after the hulling process by the structure of this embodiment.

  A good grain storage tank 24 is connected to the discharge basket 20 a of the first good grain cerealing machine 20 (see FIGS. 2 to 6), and a grain bagging input basket 25 is provided at the lower end of the good grain storage tank 24. Is extended. The supply port at the lower end of the bagging throwing bowl 25 is provided with a gate-shaped weighing shutter 29 that can be manually opened in a fan shape in a side view, for example, a large throwing shutter and a small throwing shutter (both shown in FIG. A two-stage shutter (not shown) is pivotally attached. Reference numeral 30 denotes a grip portion fixed to the measuring shutter 29, and the supply port can be manually opened. Reference numeral 31 denotes a supply basket for guiding the grain to a grain bag (not shown).

  Below the supply basket 31, there are installed a weighing device 32 and a bag holder 33 that can be placed on the weighing device 32 and can be held with the opening of the grain bag open. The bag holder 33 includes a base 34 placed on the measuring instrument 32, a pair of guide cylinders 35a and 35b erected at a predetermined interval on the upper surface thereof, and lower half portions on the guide cylinders 35a and 35b. Consists of struts 36a and 36b, the sides of which are inserted so as to be movable up and down, and bag clamping means 37a and 37b for sandwiching both edge portions of the opening of the grain bag at the upper end of each of the struts 36a and 36b It is. Reference numeral 38 denotes a bag support member provided on the pair of guide cylinders 35a and 35b and having a substantially U-shaped planar shape.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the outline of the control circuit, and the control configuration of the grain sorter 1 of the present invention will be described based on this. Reference numeral 41 denotes a central control unit, and the vibration feeder 14 of the optical sorting unit 4 and the inverter motor 40 of the grain sorting unit 3 are integrated based on the detection signals of the devices of the grain size sorting unit 3 and the optical sorting unit 4. Will be controlled.

  The central control device 41 is connected to a measuring device 32 for weighing and packing the refined grains as input information from the optical sorting unit 4, and the measuring signal of the measuring device 32 is input / output circuit (I / O). ) 42, and the signal processing circuit 43, the circuit configuration is sent to the central processing unit (CPU) 44. Reference numeral 45 denotes a read / write storage unit (RAM) connected to the central processing unit (CPU) 44, and reference numeral 46 denotes a read-only storage unit (ROM) connected to the central processing unit (CPU) 44.

  The central control unit 41 is connected to a sorting rate adjustment switch 47 as direct input information from an operator operation panel. Input signals of these switches are an input / output circuit (I / O) 49 and the signal. The circuit configuration is such that it is sent to the central processing unit (CPU) 44 via the processing circuit 43.

  A plurality of ejector valves (solenoid valves) 52 are connected to an input / output circuit 50 output from the central processing unit (CPU) 44 through an ejector valve drive circuit 51 as an output to the optical sorting unit 4. As a result, the ejector valve 52 opens and closes the valve instantaneously in response to the jet signal from the ejector valve drive circuit 51, and high-pressure air such as an air gun is instantaneously jetted from the ejector nozzle 17 to detect it. Colored particles or foreign matters passing through the portion 26 are dropped into the defective particle discharge rod 19.

  A pulse counter 53 is connected to the ejector valve drive circuit 51, and the number of times the valve drive signal is output per unit time, the blast time per valve drive signal, and the ejector during the time period when the ejector valve 52 is operating. The signal information such as the downtime when the valve 52 is not operating can be acquired. The obtained data from the pulse counter 53 is taken into the central processing unit (CPU) 44, and the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve 52 is detected and related to the number of opening operations. The falling flow rate from the supply chute 15 and the defective particle removal rate can be estimated. Alternatively, the defective particle mixture rate may be estimated instead of detecting the number of opening operations by measuring the weight of the colored particles or foreign matters sorted and removed in the defective particle discharge rod 19.

  Further, a frequency control circuit 55 is connected to the input / output circuit 54 output from the central processing unit (CPU) 44. The frequency control circuit 55 is connected to the inverter motor 40 as an output destination to the grain size selection unit 3 and is connected to an electromagnetic drive means 14 b that drives the vibration feeder 14 as an output destination to the optical selection unit 4. .

  Next, the operation will be described. Grains (for example, brown rice) introduced into the input hopper 5 of the grain sorter 1 from the rice hull sorter 58 (see FIG. 1) are fried on the cereal roll 7. It is lifted by the grain helix 8, and waste grains and immature grains are discharged from the sorting net cylinder 9 to the waste grain chamber 10 and sorted. The sized particles from which the waste grains and the immature grains have been removed reach the upper end of the cereal roll 7 and are carried out into the grain selection storage tank 13 by the raking blades 12 provided at the upper end of the cereal roll 7.

  From the grain selection storage tank 13, the vibration feeder 14 supplies the chute 15 on the primary sorting unit 4 b side to the detection unit 26, where the detection unit 26 lacks rice, burnt rice, shira, blue immature rice, and insect eaters. Optically monitored for primary defective grains such as colored grains (colored grains with minute black spots damaged by stink bugs) and primary good grains without coloring, etc., and determined as primary good grains As it is, it reaches the primary good particle discharge rod 18a as it is, and the one determined as the primary defective particle is blown and deflected from the ejector nozzle 17a disposed below to reach the primary defective particle discharge rod 19a.

  The good grains that have reached the primary good grain discharge basket 18a are cerealed by the first fine grain masher 20 and supplied from the discharge basket 20a to the good grain storage tank 24. From the good grain tank 24, the grain is packed and shipped, for example, in a 30 kg-packed grain bag (not shown) placed on a measuring instrument 32 via a grain bagging basket 25 and a weighing shutter 29. It will be. On the other hand, defective grains such as colored grains that have reached the primary defective grain discharge basket 19a are supplied to the chute 15 on the secondary sorting 4c side via the first defective grain cerealing machine 21, and are detected by the detection unit 26 as described above. Optically monitored for next defective grains and secondary good grains. What is determined to be secondary good grains reaches the secondary good grain discharge basket 18b as it is, is cerealed by the second fine grain cerealing machine 22 and returned to the grain selection storage tank 13, and from the primary sorting section 4b. It will be sorted again. What is determined as secondary defective particles in the secondary sorting unit 4c is discharged from the defective particle discharge basket 19b to the outside of the machine through a pipe.

  And the good grain discharged | emitted from the said optical selection part 4 is gradually filled in the grain bag, and when the central processing part (CPU) 44 detects the weight per unit time of the measuring instrument 32 at this time, The good particle discharge flow rate Q (E) in the optical sorting unit 4 is calculated (step 1 in FIG. 9).

  Next, the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve 52 is detected by the pulse counter 53 (step 2 in FIG. 9). The defective particle removal rate can be estimated in relation to the number of opening operations. Separately, the weight of the colored particles or foreign matters sorted and removed in the defective particle discharge basket 19 may be measured to estimate the defective particle removal rate from the weight.

  In the optical sorting unit 4, if the falling flow rate of the sized particles falling from the supply chute 15 is an appropriate amount, a defective particle removal rate (sorting rate) of 90% or more can be maintained, but the falling flow rate increases. When the appropriate amount is exceeded, the sorting rate is gradually reduced from 90%. In order to maintain a sorting rate of 90% or more, the falling flow rate may be reduced (maintained below an appropriate amount). In step 2 and subsequent steps in FIG. 9, the falling flow rate of rice is controlled so as to obtain a desired sorting rate without changing the threshold value of the sorting sensitivity.

  That is, the operator operates the sorting rate adjustment switch 47 in FIG. 8 to set a desired sorting rate (for example, 90% or more). Then, the central processing unit 44 reads the set standard injection number (Y) corresponding to this sorting rate, compares it with the detected injection number (X) calculated in step 2 (step 3), and detects the detected injection number (X ) Is equal to the set standard number of injections (Y) (step 4), the amount of fall from the supply chute 15 is an appropriate amount, so the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 and the rotation speed of the cerealing helix 8 are not controlled, While maintaining the drive of the vibration feeder 14 at the rated frequency S (N) recommended by the optical sorting unit 4, the rotational drive of the milling helix 8 is maintained at the rated rotational speed R (N) recommended by the grain size sorting unit 3. (Step 4).

  On the other hand, when the detected injection number (X) is slightly larger than the set standard injection number (Y), for example, when the detected injection number (X) is 1.01 times or more and less than 1.17 times the standard injection number (Y) ( Step 5) Since the defective grain removal rate needs to be slightly increased, in order to reduce the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15, control is performed to slightly decrease the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 and the rotation speed of the cereal helix 8. Done. As a target control amount at this time, for example, the drive of the vibration feeder 14 is controlled at a frequency 0.83 times the rated frequency S (N) recommended by the optical sorting unit 4, and the grain size sorting unit 3 recommends it. It is preferable to rotationally drive the cereal helix 8 at a rotational speed 0.83 times the rated rotational speed R (N) (step 6).

  Further, when the detected injection number (X) is slightly larger than the set standard injection number (Y), for example, when the detected injection number (X) is 1.17 times or more and less than 1.33 times the standard injection number (Y) (step 7) Since it is necessary to increase the defective grain removal rate, in order to reduce the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15, control is performed to reduce the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 and the rotation speed of the pulverized helix 8. As a target control amount at this time, for example, the drive of the vibration feeder 14 is controlled at a frequency 0.66 times the rated frequency S (N) recommended by the optical sorting unit 4, and the grain size sorting unit 3 recommends it. It is preferable to rotationally drive the cereal helix 8 at a rotational speed 0.66 times the rated rotational speed R (N) (step 8).

  Further, when the detected injection number (X) is extremely larger than the set standard injection number (Y), for example, when the detected injection number (X) is 1.33 times or more and less than 1.5 times the standard injection number (Y) (step) 9) Since it is necessary to increase the defective grain removal rate, in order to reduce the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15, control is performed to greatly reduce the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 and the rotation speed of the cerealing helix 8. As a target control amount at this time, for example, the drive of the vibration feeder 14 is controlled at a frequency 0.66 times the rated frequency S (N) recommended by the optical sorting unit 4, and the grain size sorting unit 3 recommends it. It is preferable to rotationally drive the cereal helix 8 at a rotational speed 0.66 times the rated rotational speed R (N) (step 10). Thereby, control is performed so as to reach the reference defective particle removal rate in the shortest time.

  In step 5 to step 10, the threshold value of the detected injection number (X) is set to three levels. However, the threshold value is not limited to this, and as shown in the table below, the threshold value is set to N levels by a positive integer N. The threshold value can be set as appropriate.

  In Steps 5 to 10 of FIG. 9, the control for decreasing the flow rate of falling from the supply chute 15 in order to increase the defective particle removal rate has been described, but conversely the supply chute 15 to decrease the defective particle removal rate. It is also possible to control to increase the falling flow rate from the tank, that is, it is sufficient to achieve the purpose of reaching the standard defective particle removal rate.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the rice hull sorter 58 arranged in parallel with the preceding process of the grain sorter 1 has a switching shutter 59 for switching the sorted brown rice G to the outside discharge or the inside circulation. The switching shutter 59 is connected to a switching motor 60 that can electrically control the switching operation. Then, the switching motor 60 is electrically connected to the external terminal 61 of FIG. That is, when the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 is extremely reduced, the switching motor 60 is controlled so that the switching shutter 59 of the hull sorter 58 is switched to the in-machine circulation side, and the optical sorting unit 4 of the grain sorter 1 is controlled. It is possible to prevent the sorting rate from being extremely deteriorated. As a result, the sorting operation in the light sorting unit 4 can be made smooth, the sorting efficiency can be improved, and further, the sorting can be automatically stopped when the number of grains to be sorted is reduced.

  According to the above embodiment, the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve 52 is detected by the pulse counter 53, and the defective particle removal rate is estimated in relation to the number of opening operations. Since it is not a method for calculating the flow rate of the sized particles selected by the particle size selection unit (the flow rate of the raw material input to the light selection unit), there is no need to provide a separate flow rate sensor or level sensor in the particle selection storage tank 13. Cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the rotation speed of the rotating body of the large-size sorting unit is reduced so that the optimum defective product removal rate recommended by the light sorting unit is reduced, the contact time between the sorting net cylinder and the selected grain is increased, By increasing the removal rate of immature grains, it is possible to control to automatically improve the sorting efficiency by reducing the burden of waste grains and immature grains on the light sorting unit side.

  Furthermore, a multi-stage threshold value is set according to the difference between the defective grain removal rate per unit time and the standard defective grain removal rate, and the rotation speed of the cerealing helix 8 is set according to the threshold value of each stage. , And a target control amount for one time of the amplitude magnitude or vibration frequency of the vibration feeder 14 is determined, and control is performed so as to reach the reference defective particle removal rate in the shortest time. Each sorting element of the sorting unit 4 can be adjusted quickly.

  It is possible to quickly and easily adjust each sorting element of a grain sorting machine equipped with a grain sorting unit and an optical sorting unit, such as chipped rice, burnt rice, shirata, green immature rice, and insect eaters. It can improve the sorting accuracy of colored grains (colored grains with minute sunspots damaged by stink bugs) and can be applied to highly demanded grain sorters in large-scale farmers and farming associations.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grain sorting machine 2 Frame 3 Grain size sorting part 4 Optical sorting part 5 Raw material input hopper 6 Sorting net cylinder 7 Grain roll 8 Grain spiral 9 Sorting hole 10 Waste grain chamber 11 Waste grain discharge basket 12 Scraping blade 13 Grain selection Storage tank 14 Vibrating feeder 15 Chute 16 Camera 17 Ejector nozzle 18 Good grain discharge basket 19 Bad grain discharge basket 20 First fine grain flour mill 21 First bad grain flour mill 22 Second fine grain flour mill 23 Path 24 Good Grain storage tank 25 Filling bag 26 Detection unit 27 Visible light illuminator 28 Near infrared illuminator 29 Measuring shutter 30 Handle unit 31 Supply rod 32 Measuring device 33 Bag holder 34 Base 35 Guide cylinder 36 Support column 37 Bag clamping means 38 Bag Support member 40 Inverter motor 41 Central controller 42 Input / output circuit (I / O)
43 Signal Processing Circuit 44 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
45 Read / Write Memory (RAM)
46 Read-only memory (ROM)
47 Defective grain removal rate adjustment switch 49 Input / output circuit (I / O)
50 I / O circuit (I / O)
51 Ejector valve drive circuit 52 Ejector valve (solenoid valve)
53 Pulse counter 54 Input / output circuit (I / O)
55 Frequency control circuit 58 Hulling sorter 59 Switching shutter 60 Switching motor 61 External terminal

Claims (3)

A grain size selection unit that selects the grain size of the supplied grain into sized and scrapped grains or sized and immature grains in advance, and the sized grain selected by the grain size selection unit receives colored grains or foreign matters. A grain sorter equipped with an optical sorting section for optically sorting and removing defective grains,
In the sorting / removing means for defective grains on the optical sorting section side, the defective grain removal rate per unit time is calculated from the number of sorting / removing operations per unit time of the sorting / removing means, and the defective grain removal rate and Compared with a reference defective particle removal rate set in advance, if the defective particle removal rate per unit time exceeds the reference defective particle removal rate, the rotation provided in the selection screen cylinder on the side of the large particle selection unit Control means for reducing the rotational speed of the body, and provided with control means for performing control to increase the rotational speed of the rotating body when the defective product removal rate per unit time is lower than the standard defective product removal rate. Grain sorter.   In the connecting part between the grain size sorting unit and the optical sorting part, a storage tank that temporarily stores the grain size sorted by the grain size sorting unit and the size sorting discharged from the storage tank are received in the optical sorting unit. A vibration feeder to be supplied is provided, and the control unit performs control to reduce the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration when the defective particle removal rate per unit time exceeds a reference defective particle removal rate, 2. The grain sorter according to claim 1, wherein when the defective product removal rate per unit time is lower than a reference defective particle removal rate, control is performed to increase the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the frequency of vibration.   The control means sets a multi-stage threshold according to a difference between the defective particle removal rate per unit time and a reference defective particle removal rate, and the rotating body according to the threshold value of each stage. The number of rotations and the amplitude of the vibration feeder or the target control amount of the vibration frequency at one time are determined, and control is performed so as to reach the reference defective particle removal rate in the shortest time. Or the grain sorter of 2 description.

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