JP5360374B2 - Grain sorter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grain grader which is capable of promptly and easily adjusting the throughput in accordance with each specification of a grain size grader and a color sorting machine when the grain size grader and the color sorting machine are integrally arranged and which is capable of promptly and easily adjusting each separation parameter of the grain size grader and the color sorting machine when the separation materials to be sorted are different. <P>SOLUTION: In the connection portion of the grain size separation part 3 and the optical separation part, a storage tank 13, a minimum amount detector 57 and a maximum amount detector 56 to detect the storing amount within the storage tank 13, and a vibration feeder 14 to supply whole grains to the optical separation part by receiving them are arranged. Additionally, a control means to control the change of the amount of conveyance of the vibration feeder by calculating the flow rate of the whole grains to be stored in the storage tank 13 per unit time with the detection signals of the minimum amount detector 57 and the maximum amount detector 56, calculating the flow rate of whole grains to be stored per unit time by the measuring signal of a meter arranged at the whole grain discharge part of the optical separation part, and comparing these flow rates is arranged thereto. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain sorter.

  Conventionally, a grain sorter and a color sorter are integrally disposed, and after a selection process is performed in advance by a grain sorter in a previous process, colored grains (including damaged grains) are obtained by a color sorter in a subsequent process. Grain sorters that make it possible to sort out and remove foreign substances (colored foreign substances) and foreign matters (colored foreign matters), thereby reducing the burden on the color sorter in the subsequent process and improving the sorting efficiency are well known.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a rice hull sorting apparatus having a structure in which a grain size sorting machine and a color sorting machine are arranged side by side in a rice huller to sort the koji brown rice mixed grains into koji and brown rice. As a result, the amount of soot supplied to the color sorter can be greatly reduced, the color sorter can be miniaturized and the production cost can be greatly reduced.

  In Patent Document 2, a shape sorter that sorts milled rice into sized and crushed grains, and a color sorter that can sort differently sized grains or crushed grains sorted by this shape sorter, in this order. A rice grain sorting device arranged in the above is disclosed. In this product, the polished rice is sorted into a sized and crushed grain by a shape sorter and then sorted by a color sorter. Colored sized and crushed particles are obtained, and efficient milled rice can be selected.

  Patent Document 3 includes a supply hopper, a stone extraction sorter, a rice mill, a broken rice sorter, and a color sorter, and at least the rice mill, the broken rice sorter, and the color sorter are provided in one machine frame. There is disclosed a grain preparation device characterized in that it is integrated by being installed in and out of the machine and covering the machine frame with a removable cover. Since this product does not have a rice huller, wind sorter and particle size sorter already owned by many farmers, the grain preparation device can be downsized and transported easily. Maintenance can be facilitated by making each device freely accessible.

  However, in the grain sorter described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, for example, the grain size sorter in the previous process has a sorting cylinder built up in the machine frame and has different grain sizes. In the case of sorting, etc., the sorting cylinder is exchanged for a desired sorting degree, or the rotation speed of the cereal helix that rotates in the sorting cylinder is changed so as to obtain an optimum sorting state. There was a need to control.

  On the other hand, even if it is a color sorter in the post process, if the varieties and sorting materials of the materials to be sorted are different, the raw material supply amount, the sorting sensitivity, and the threshold are set so that the color sorting operation that matches the type and sorting materials can be performed. It was necessary to adjust according to the selected raw materials, such as value setting. That is, in order to achieve the purpose of improving the sorting efficiency by reducing the burden on the color sorter in the subsequent process by integrating the grain size sorter and the color sorter together, for example, the same sorting raw material Even so, the amount of fine product discharged from the large size sorter and the amount of raw material supplied to the color sorter are approximately equal, or the optimum processing amount is adjusted according to the specifications of the large size sorter and the light sorter. Although it is necessary, in the conventional grain sorter, an operator has to adjust the supply flow rate of each of the grain size sorter and the color sorter with intuition.

  Also, in the conventional grain sorter, every time the sorting raw material is changed, the operator manually adjusts the grain size sorting machine according to the sorting raw material (changes the sorting cylinder to a desired sorting scale). And changing the rotation speed of the cereal helix) and adjusting the color sorter (changing the supply amount of raw materials, changing the sorting sensitivity, changing the threshold, etc.), which are set manually. There is a problem that the adjustment work is complicated and requires a lot of time.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-23750 JP 63-218288 A JP 2005-334731 A

  In view of the above problems, the present invention adjusts the processing capacity according to the specifications of each of the grain size sorter and the color sorter when the grain sorter and the color sorter are integrally disposed, and the sorting target. It is a technical problem to provide a grain sorter that can quickly and easily adjust each sorting element of a grain sorter and a color sorter when the sorting raw materials of goods are different.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a grain size selection part for selecting a grain size for taking out the grain size from the supplied grain, and a grain size sorted by the grain size selection part. A grain sorter provided with an optical sorting section for optically sorting and removing defective grains such as colored grains or foreign matters, wherein the grain size sorting section and the optical sorting section are connected with the grain size A storage tank that temporarily stores the sized particles selected by the selection unit, a lower limit amount detector and an upper limit amount detector that detect the storage amount in the storage tank, and the sized particles discharged from the storage tank, A vibration feeder to be supplied to the optical sorting unit and sized particles stored in the storage tank by measuring time from detection of the position of the lower limit amount detector to detection of the position of the upper limit amount detector While calculating the flow rate per unit time In order to weigh and pack the fine product after optical sorting, the flow rate per unit time of bag-packed fine product is calculated by the weighing signal of the measuring instrument installed in the fine product discharge unit of the optical sorting unit, and these flow rates are compared. Thus, a technical means is provided in which a control means for controlling increase / decrease in the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder is provided.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, per unit time of sized particles stored in the storage tank by measuring the time from detection of the position of the lower limit amount detector to detection of the position of the upper limit amount detector. In addition to calculating the flow rate, the flow rate of dropping from the chute is calculated based on the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve of the optical sorting unit, and the flow rate of the vibration feeder is controlled by comparing these flow rates. Control means are provided.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the control means calculates the sorting rate on the optical sorting unit side from the flow rate per unit time of sizing stored in the storage tank and the flow rate per unit time of the bagged refined product. A grain sorter that calculates and controls increase / decrease of the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder in comparison with a sorting rate set in advance is used.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the sizing stored in the storage tank decreases and falls below the lower limit amount detector, the control means gives a detection signal of the lower limit amount detector to the vibration feeder. The grain sorting machine controlled to stop the sorting operation and stop the sorting operation.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when the sized particles stored in the storage tank increase and exceed the upper limit amount detector, the brown rice of the rice hull sorter installed in the previous process is discharged outside the machine and circulated in the machine. The switching shutter for switching to is a grain sorter in which an external terminal for outputting a control signal for switching to the in-machine circulation side is provided in the control means.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is selected by the grain size selection unit and stored in the storage tank by measuring the time from when the position of the lower limit amount detector is detected until the position of the upper limit amount detector is detected. The flow rate per unit time of the sizing is calculated, while the flow rate per unit time of the refined product optically selected by the weighing signal from the weighing device is calculated, and the flow rate of the vibrating feeder is compared by comparing these flow rates. Increase / decrease is controlled. In other words, if the flow rate per unit time of sizing is higher than the flow rate per unit time of the fine product, the processing capacity on the optical sorting unit side is not fully utilized, and there is a surplus capacity, and the vibration feeder If the flow rate per unit time for sizing is less than the flow rate per unit time for fine products, the processing capacity on the optical sorting unit side is reduced. Since the limit is reached and there is no remaining power, control is performed to reduce the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder. Thereby, it becomes possible to automatically control the optimal flow rate ratio according to the specifications of the optical sorting unit.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, instead of calculating the flow rate per unit time based on the measurement signal from the measuring instrument, the drop from the chute is calculated from the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve of the optical sorting unit. The flow rate is calculated, and a more accurate flow rate can be calculated.

  Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, the control means is configured so that the optical sorting unit side is based on the flow rate per unit time of sizing stored in the storage tank and the flow rate per unit time of the bag-packed refined product. And the increase / decrease of the conveyance amount of the vibratory feeder is controlled by comparison with a preset sorting rate, so that the rice sorting rate can be adjusted to a desired level without changing the threshold of the sorting sensitivity. The falling flow rate is controlled.

  According to invention of Claim 4, when the sizing stored in the storage tank decreases and falls below the lower limit detector, the control means sends the detection signal of the upper limit detector to the vibration feeder. Since the feeding of the sized particles is stopped and the sorting operation is stopped, it is possible to prevent the sorting rate of the optical sorting unit from being extremely deteriorated and to stop the sorting automatically.

  According to the invention of claim 5, when the sized particles stored in the storage tank increase and exceed the upper limit detector, the brown rice of the rice hull sorter installed in the previous process is discharged outside the machine. An external terminal for outputting a control signal for switching to the in-machine circulation and a control signal for switching to the in-machine circulation side is provided in the control means, and the control means on the grain sorter side assumes that the amount of storage in the storage tank is limited. A control signal for switching the switching shutter of the sorting machine to the in-machine circulation side is output, the amount stored in the storage tank is automatically controlled, and the sorting operation in the light sorting unit is facilitated and the sorting efficiency can be improved. It becomes possible.

It is a figure which shows the schematic internal structure of the grain sorter which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the rice hull sorter of a front process. It is the perspective view which looked at the appearance of the grain sorter concerning an embodiment of the invention from diagonally upper left. It is the perspective view which looked at the appearance of the grain sorter from diagonally right above. It is a right view of a grain sorter. It is a left view of a grain sorter. It is a front view of a grain sorter. It is the schematic of the chute-type optical sorting part of a grain sorter. It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the control circuit of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the effect | action of the control circuit of this invention.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic internal structure of a grain sorter and a pre-process hull sorter according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the appearance of the grain sorter as viewed obliquely from the upper right. 3 is a perspective view seen from the upper left, FIG. 4 is a right side view, FIG. 5 is a left side view, FIG. 6 is a front view, and FIG. 7 is a chute optical system. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a selection unit, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an outline of a control circuit.

  1 to 6, the grain sorter 1 according to the present embodiment has an overall height of about 2.0 m in a pair of frames 2a and 2b arranged in an opposing manner with an Arabic numeral in the shape of "2" in side view. , An approximately rectangular parallelepiped grain size sorting unit 3 having an overall width of about 1.0 m, and an optical sorting unit 4 arranged so that the grain flows from the upper part of the grain size sorting unit 3 toward the lower left in a front view. They are arranged integrally.

  The frames 2a and 2b are provided with a predetermined number (two in this embodiment) of casters 2c... So that they can move and can be installed in an appropriate layout.

  The grain size sorting unit 3 is provided with a raw material charging hopper 5 on the back surface of the casing 3a. In the casing 3a, a sorting net cylinder 6 for sorting grain sizes of waste rice, immature rice and sized particles is provided. The sorting net cylinder 6 is closed, and the upper surface of the sorting net cylinder 6 is closed. In the sorting net cylinder 6, a soup-type vertical sorting unit is provided in which a whipping roll 7 is erecting. The cerealing roll 7 is provided with a spiral cerealing helix 8 on its outer periphery, and the cerealing roll is rotated by a speed reduction gear (not shown) disposed under the cerealing helix 8 and a rotation drive means such as an inverter motor 40. By rotating 7, the grains supplied from the raw material charging hopper 5 to the lower part in the sorting net cylinder 6 rise in the sorting net cylinder 6 while receiving centrifugal force due to the rotation of the milling helix 8.

  A large number of sorting holes 9 are formed in the sorting net cylinder 6, and a dust particle chamber 10 is formed between the sorting net cylinder 6 and the housing 3a. Thereby, waste grains (immature grains) are transferred from the grains rising in the sorting net cylinder 6 while receiving the above-described centrifugal force to the waste grain chamber 10 through the many sorting holes 9, thereby Depending on the size, scrap particles are removed from the grain.

  The lower part of the waste particle chamber 10 is connected to the outside of the housing 3a via the waste particle discharge rod 11, and the waste rice transferred to the waste particle chamber 10 is discharged out of the housing 3a via the waste particle discharge rod 11. Is done.

  A predetermined number of plate-like scraping blades 12 are provided at the upper end of the whipping roll 7, and the upper end of the sorting net cylinder 6 communicates with the base end of a grain selection storage tank 13 as a temporary storage tank. Then, the grains conveyed to the upper end of the sorting net cylinder 6 are carried into the grain selection storage tank 13 in a radiating manner by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the scraping blades 12. In the grain selection storage tank 13, an upper limit amount detector 56 and a lower limit amount detector 57 for detecting the amount of stored grain are provided.

  In the lower part of the grain selection storage tank 13, an optical sorting unit 4 is provided so that the grain flows toward the lower left on the front side of the grain size sorting unit 3. The optical sorting unit 4 is a so-called chute-type optical sorting unit, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the feeder 14 and the chute 15 serving as a grain supply unit are partitioned by a partition wall 4a and the primary sorting unit 4b. A vibration feeder 14 comprising a vibration supply rod 14a and an electromagnetic drive means 14b is provided as a feeder between the grain selection storage tank 13 and the supply chute 15, and is divided into a secondary sorting section 4c. The grain conveyed to the storage tank 13 is sent out to the supply chute 15 by the vibration of the electromagnetic drive means 14b, and flows downward in the inclined chute 15. And the flow volume of a grain is changed by the magnitude | size of the amplitude of the vibration of the electromagnetic drive means 14b, and the change of a frequency.

  In addition, in order to dispose the chute optical sorting unit 4 directly below the grain sorting storage tank 13, the chute 15 is disposed in an inclined manner so that the detection unit of the chute optical sorting unit 4 faces downward in the front view (see FIG. 6), in the side view, the chute width W of the chute optical sorting unit 4 and the width L of the bulging portion 13a on the release side of the grain sorting storage tank 13 are formed to have substantially the same length (see FIG. 6). 4 and FIG. 5). And in the up-down direction, the front wall 13b of the grain selection storage tank 13 and the side surface of the chute-type optical sorting unit 4 are arranged flush with each other.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, the width W1 of the chute 15 of the chute-type optical sorting unit 4 on the primary sorting unit 4b side is about 160 mm, and the width W2 on the secondary sorting unit 4c side is about 80 mm. The overall width W of the chute 15 is about 240 mm. On the other hand, the width L of the bulging portion 13 a on the release side of the grain selection storage tank 13 is formed to be substantially the same length as the entire width W of the chute 15. And the chute | shoot type | mold optical selection part 4 is arrange | positioned so that it may follow the front wall 13b of the grain selection storage tank 13 in an up-down direction. 4 and 5, the shoot type optical sorting unit 4 does not cause a step between the grain selection storage tank 13 and the shoot type optical sorting unit 4 and does not cause a dead space. Storage space is ensured, the entire configuration of the grain sorter 1 can be miniaturized to save space, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the chute 15 is disposed at a predetermined angle from below the grain selection storage tank 13, and a detection unit 26 is formed at the lower end of the chute 15. The detection unit 26 is provided so as to surround a visible light illuminator 27 that irradiates a target object that passes through the detection unit 26 with a visible light ray and a near-infrared illuminator 28 that irradiates a near infrared ray. A pair of cameras 16a and 16b (16c and 16d for secondary selection) for optically monitoring both the front and back sides of the flow path of the object to be detected in order to detect reflected light or transmitted light from An ejector nozzle 17a (17b for secondary selection) is provided as a selection means arranged below the pair of cameras 16a and 16b (16c and 16d for secondary selection).

  Below the ejector nozzle 17, a fine grain discharge basket 18 corresponding to the grain dropping trajectory is provided for the primary sorting section (18 a) and the secondary sorting section (18 b), respectively. In 18, fine grains that have not been removed by the ejector nozzle fall along the locus. On the other hand, defective particle discharge rods 19 for receiving colored particles or foreign matters are provided for the primary sorting unit (19a) and the secondary sorting unit (19b) at positions facing the jet direction of the ejector nozzle 17, respectively. Then, the colored particles or foreign matters sorted and removed by the ejector nozzle 17 fall into the defective particle discharge basket 19. As a result, the colored grains and foreign substances are sorted and removed from the good grains.

  The optical sorting unit 4 includes a first good grain masher 20 that is connected to the good grain discharge basket 18a of the primary sorting unit and discharges good grains outside the machine, and a defective grain discharge basket 19a of the primary sorting unit. The first defective grain cerealing machine 21 that is connected to the secondary sorting unit and supplies the defective grains to the secondary sorting unit, and the second good grain frying that returns the good grains sorted by the secondary sorting unit to the grain sorting storage tank 13. A grain machine 22 is erected. The defective grain discharge basket 19b of the secondary sorting unit is communicated to the outside of the machine via a pipe (not shown), while from the discharge basket 22a of the second fine grain milling machine 22 via the path 23. Returned to the grain storage tank 13. And these 1st good grain cerealing machine 20, the 1st defective grain cerealing machine 21, and the 2nd good grain cerealing machine 22 are integrally accommodated in the housing | casing 3a of the said top-feed type vertical sorting machine. It is. Thereby, a plurality of cerealing machines can be arranged separately and can be organized neatly in appearance without making a complicated arrangement configuration. And the grain sorter 1 can be easily installed immediately after the hulling process by the structure of this embodiment.

  A good grain storage tank 24 is connected to the discharge basket 20 a of the first good grain cerealing machine 20, and a grain bagging input basket 25 is extended to the lower end of the good grain storage tank 24. A mouth-shaped weighing shutter 29 having a fan-like side view that can be manually opened is provided at the lower end of the bagging throwing bowl 25, for example, a large throwing shutter and a small throwing shutter (both not shown). 2) A two-stage shutter is pivotally attached. Reference numeral 30 denotes a grip portion fixed to the measuring shutter 29, and the supply port can be manually opened. Reference numeral 31 denotes a supply basket for guiding the grain to a grain bag (not shown).

  Below the supply basket 31, there are installed a weighing device 32 and a bag holder 33 that can be placed on the weighing device 32 and can be held with the opening of the grain bag open. The bag holder 33 includes a base 34 placed on the measuring instrument 32, a pair of guide cylinders 35a and 35b erected at a predetermined interval on the upper surface thereof, and lower half portions on the guide cylinders 35a and 35b. Consists of struts 36a and 36b, the sides of which are inserted so as to be movable up and down, and bag clamping means 37a and 37b for sandwiching both edge portions of the opening of the grain bag at the upper end of each of the struts 36a and 36b It is. Reference numeral 38 denotes a bag support member provided on the pair of guide cylinders 35a and 35b and having a substantially U-shaped planar shape.

  In addition, as a dust removing device for the grain sorting machine of the present invention, a suction exhaust device 39 is provided in the lower part of the housing 3a of the grain sorting unit 3, and each of the grain sorting unit 3 and the optical sorting unit 4 absorbs dust. A tube (not shown) can be provided to remove dust.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an outline of the control circuit, and the control configuration of the grain sorter of the present invention will be described based on this block diagram. Reference numeral 41 denotes a central control unit, which controls the vibration feeder 14 of the optical sorting unit 4 and the inverter motor 40 of the grain sorting unit 3 based on the detection signals of the grain size sorting unit 3 and the optical sorting unit 4. It will be.

  The central control device 41 is connected to an upper limit amount detector 56 and a lower limit amount detector 57 of the grain selection storage tank 13 as input information from the grain size selection unit 3, and fine grain as input information from the optical selection unit 4. A measuring device 32 for measuring and bagging the grains is connected. These detection signals are configured to be sent to a central processing unit (CPU) 44 through an input / output circuit (I / O) 42 and a signal processing circuit 43. Reference numeral 45 denotes a read / write storage unit (RAM) connected to the central processing unit (CPU) 44, and reference numeral 46 denotes a read-only storage unit (ROM) connected to the central processing unit (CPU) 44.

  The central control unit 41 is connected to a sorting rate adjustment switch 47 and a raw material flow rate adjustment switch 48 as direct input information from an operator operation panel. Input signals of these switches are input / output circuits (I / I). O) 49, and a circuit configuration that is sent to the central processing unit (CPU) 44 through the signal processing circuit 43.

  A plurality of ejector valves (solenoid valves) 52 are connected to an input / output circuit 50 output from the central processing unit (CPU) 44 through an ejector valve drive circuit 51 as an output to the optical sorting unit 4. As a result, the ejector valve 52 opens and closes the valve instantaneously in response to the jet signal from the ejector valve drive circuit 51, and high-pressure air such as an air gun is instantaneously jetted from the ejector nozzle 17 to detect it. Colored particles or foreign matters passing through the portion 26 are dropped into the defective particle discharge rod 19.

  A pulse counter 53 is connected to the ejector valve drive circuit 51, and the number of times the valve drive signal is output during a predetermined time, the blast time per one valve drive signal, and the ejector during a time period when the ejector valve 52 is operating. It is configured to be able to acquire a downtime during which the valve 52 is not operating. The data obtained from the pulse counter 53 is taken into the central processing unit (CPU) 44, and the number of opening operations of the ejector valve 52 per specific time is detected and related to the number of opening operations. The falling flow rate from the supply chute 15 and the defective particle mixture rate can be estimated. Alternatively, the number of opening operations may be detected by measuring the weight of the colored particles or foreign matters sorted and removed in the defective particle discharge basket 19.

  Further, a frequency control circuit 55 is connected to the input / output circuit 54 output from the central processing unit (CPU) 44. The frequency control circuit 55 is connected to the inverter motor 40 as an output destination to the grain size selection unit 3 and is connected to an electromagnetic drive means 14 b that drives the vibration feeder 14 as an output destination to the optical selection unit 4. .

  Next, the operation will be described. Grains (for example, brown rice) introduced into the input hopper 5 from the rice hull sorter 58 are lifted by the cerealing helix 8 mounted on the cerealing roll 7, and sorted. Waste particles and immature particles are discharged from the tube 9 into the waste particle chamber 10 and sorted. The sized particles from which the waste grains or immature grains have been removed reach the upper end of the cereal roll 7 and are carried out into the grain selection storage tank 13 by the raking blades 12 provided at the upper end of the cereal roll 7.

  From the grain selection storage tank 13, the vibration feeder 14 supplies the chute 15 on the primary selection unit 4 b side to the detection unit 26, where the detection unit 26 lacks rice, burnt rice, shirata, blue immature rice, and worm-eaten coloring. Particles (colored grains with minute sunspots damaged by stink bugs) are optically monitored for primary defective grains such as fine black spots, and primary good grains that are not colored. The primary good grain discharge basket 18a is reached, and those determined as primary defective grains are jetted and deflected from the ejector nozzle 17 disposed below to reach the primary defective grain discharge basket 19a.

  The good grains that have reached the primary good grain discharge basket 18a are cerealed by the first good grain masher 20 and supplied to the good grain storage tank 24 from the discharge basket 20a. From the good grain tank 24, the grain is packed and shipped, for example, in a 30 kg-packed grain bag (not shown) placed on a measuring instrument 32 through a grain bagging basket 25 and a weighing shutter 29. It will be. On the other hand, defective particles such as colored particles that have reached the primary defective particle discharge basket 19a are supplied to the chute 15 on the secondary sorting 4c side via the first defective particle threshing machine 21, and are detected by the detection unit 26 as described above. Optically monitored for defective grains and secondary good grains. What has been determined to be secondary good grains reaches the secondary good grain discharge basket 18b as it is, cerealed by the second fine grain cerealing machine 22, returned to the grain selection storage tank 13, and again from the primary sorting section 4b. Will be selected. What is determined to be secondary defective particles in the secondary sorting unit 4c is discharged from the defective particle discharge basket 19b to the outside of the machine through a pipe.

  The sized particles stored in the particle selection storage tank 13 from the particle size selection unit 3 are gradually accumulated in the tank 13. At this time, the central processing unit (CPU) 44 is connected to the lower limit amount detector 57. By measuring the time from when the position is detected until the position of the upper limit amount detector 56 is detected, the sizing supply flow rate Q (G) to the grain selection storage tank 13 is calculated (step 1 in FIG. 9). To 3).

  Further, the fine grains discharged from the optical sorting unit 4 are gradually filled in the grain bag. At this time, the central processing unit (CPU) 44 detects the weight per unit time of the measuring instrument 32. Thus, the discharge flow rate Q (E) of good grains from the optical sorting unit 4 is calculated (step 4 in FIG. 9).

  Next, the supply flow rate Q (G) is compared with the discharge flow rate Q (E). If the supply flow rate Q (G) and the discharge flow rate Q (E) are equal (step 5 in FIG. 9), Since the processing capabilities of the grain size sorting unit 3 and the optical sorting unit 4 are maintained substantially equal, the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 is not controlled (step 6).

  On the other hand, when the supply flow rate Q (G) is greater than the discharge flow rate Q (E) (step 7), the processing capacity on the optical sorting unit 4 side is not fully exhibited, and there is a surplus power. Control is performed to maximize the processing capacity by increasing the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 (step 8). On the other hand, when the supply flow rate Q (G) is smaller than the discharge flow rate Q (E) (step 9), the processing capacity on the optical sorting unit 4 side reaches the limit and there is no remaining power. Control to reduce the transport amount is performed (step 10). As a result, it is possible to automatically control the optimum flow rate ratio according to the specifications of the particle size sorting unit 3 and the optical sorting unit 4.

  When the control of the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 in step 6 is not performed, the ratio between the supply flow rate Q (G) and the discharge flow rate Q (E) is calculated, and the sorting rate (removal of defective particles) on the optical sorting unit 4 side is calculated. Rate) is calculated (step 11). In step 11, instead of the sorting rate, a defective product mixing rate in the raw material may be calculated.

  In the optical sorting unit 4, if the falling flow rate of the sized particles falling from the supply chute 15 is an appropriate amount, the sorting rate (defective particle removal rate) of 90% or more can be maintained, but the falling flow rate increases. When the appropriate amount is exceeded, the sorting rate is gradually reduced from 90%. In order to maintain a sorting rate of 90% or more, the falling flow rate may be reduced (maintained below an appropriate amount). In step 11 and subsequent steps in FIG. 9, the falling flow rate of rice is controlled so as to obtain a desired sorting rate without changing the threshold value of the sorting sensitivity.

  That is, in step 12 in FIG. 9, the operator operates the sorting rate adjustment switch 47 in FIG. 8 to set a desired sorting rate (90% or more). Then, a comparison is made with the detection selection rate calculated in step 11, and when the detection selection rate is equal to the set selection rate (step 13), the amount of flow of the vibration feeder 14 is not controlled because the falling flow rate is an appropriate amount. , The process ends.

  On the other hand, when the detection sorting rate is larger than the set sorting rate (step 14), it is necessary to lower the detection sorting rate. Therefore, in order to increase the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15, the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 is increased. Control is performed (step 15). On the other hand, when the detection sorting rate is smaller than the set sorting rate (step 16), it is necessary to increase the detection sorting rate. Therefore, in order to reduce the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15, the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 is reduced. Control is performed (step 17). With the above control, it is possible to automatically maintain the selection rate set by the operator without changing the threshold value of the selection sensitivity.

  In step 4 of FIG. 9, the flow rate Q (E) per unit time of the bagged fine product is calculated by the measuring device 32, but instead, the flow rate Q (E) is calculated from the number of opening operations of the ejector valve 52 per unit time. It may be calculated. That is, when it is considered that the defective particle mixing rate during the sizing supplied to the optical sorting unit 4 is constant, the number of opening operations of the ejector valve 52 is proportional to the increase / decrease of the falling flow rate from the supply chute 15. If the increase / decrease is not adjusted, the sorting rate cannot be kept constant. Therefore, the flow rate Q (E) can be calculated in relation to the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve 52. The number of opening operations of the ejector valve 52 per unit time can be easily detected by the pulse counter 53 of FIG. 8, and the increase / decrease control of the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 as in FIG. 9 may be performed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the rice hull sorter 58 arranged in parallel with the preceding process of the grain sorter 1 has a switching shutter 59 for switching the sorted brown rice G to the outside discharge or the inside circulation. The switching shutter 59 is connected to a switching motor 60 that can electrically control the switching operation. Then, the switching motor 60 is electrically connected to the external terminal 61 of FIG. 8, and the central control device 41 of the grain sorter 1 has a limit in the storage amount of the grain selection storage tank 13 when the upper limit amount detector 56 is turned on. When the lower limit amount detector 57 of the grain sorter 1 is turned off, the switching shutter 59 controls the switching motor 60 of the hull sorter 58 to switch to the in-machine circulation side. Control that stops conveyance of the vibration feeder 14 of the grain sorter 1 is performed on the assumption that the storage amount is insufficient. That is, when the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder 14 is extremely reduced, the sorting rate of the optical sorting unit 4 of the grain sorter 1 is extremely deteriorated.

  According to the above embodiment, when the storage amount of the grain selection storage tank 13 exceeds the upper limit amount detector 56, the detection signal of the detector 56 passes through the central controller 41 and the switching shutter 59 of the hull sorter 58 is set in the machine. The switching motor 60 is controlled so as to switch to the circulation side, and if the storage amount in the grain selection storage tank 13 falls below the lower limit amount detector 57, the control of stopping the conveyance of the vibration feeder 14 is performed. The work can be smoothed, the sorting efficiency can be improved, and further, the work can be automatically stopped when the number of grains to be sorted is reduced.

  It is possible to quickly and easily adjust each sorting element of a grain sorter equipped with a grain sorting unit and an optical sorting unit, such as chipped rice, burnt rice, shirata, green immature rice, and insect eaters. It can improve the sorting accuracy of colored grains (colored grains with minute sunspots damaged by stink bugs) and can be applied to highly demanded grain sorters in large-scale farmers and farming associations.

1 Grain sorter 2 Frame 3 Large grain sorter (Upward feed type sorter)
4 Optical sorting unit (shoot type optical sorting unit)
5 Raw material charging hopper 6 Sorting net cylinder 7 Flouring roll 8 Graining spiral 9 Sorting hole 10 Waste grain chamber 11 Waste grain discharge basket 12 Scraping blade 13 Grain sorting storage tank 14 Vibrating feeder 15 Supply chute 16 Camera 17 Ejector nozzle 18 Good Grain discharge basket 19 Defective grain discharge bowl 20 1st good grain cerealing machine 21 1st defective grain mashing machine 22 2nd good grain cerealing machine 23 Path 24 Good grain storage tank 25 Bag filling casket 26 Detector 27 Visible light Illuminator 28 Near-infrared illuminator 29 Measuring shutter 30 Handle part 31 Supply rod 32 Measuring instrument 33 Bag holder 34 Base 35 Guide cylinder 36 Support column 37 Bag holding means 38 Bag support member 39 Suction exhaust fan 40 Inverter motor 41 Central controller 42 Input / output circuit (I / O)
43 Signal Processing Circuit 44 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
45 Read / Write Memory (RAM)
46 Read-only memory (ROM)
47 Selection rate adjustment switch 48 Raw material flow rate adjustment switch 49 Input / output circuit (I / O)
50 I / O circuit (I / O)
51 Ejector Valve Drive Circuit 52 Ejector Valve 53 Pulse Counter 54 Input / Output Circuit 55 Frequency Control Circuit 56 Upper Limit Amount Detector 57 Lower Limit Amount Detector 58 Hulling Sorter 59 Switching Shutter 60 Switching Motor 61 External Terminal

Claims (5)

A grain size selection unit that performs particle size selection in order to extract a sized particle from the supplied grain, and a sized particle selected by the particle size selection unit to optically select defective particles such as colored particles or foreign matter. A grain sorter equipped with an optical sorting section to be removed,
A connecting portion between the grain size sorting unit and the optical sorting unit includes a storage tank that temporarily stores the sized particles sorted by the grain size sorting unit, and a lower limit amount detector that detects a storage amount in the storage tank. And an upper limit amount detector, and a vibration feeder that receives the sized particles discharged from the storage tank and supplies them to the optical sorting unit, and detects the position of the lower limit amount detector before detecting the upper limit amount detector. In addition to calculating the flow rate per unit time of the sizing stored in the storage tank by measuring the time until the position of the liquid is detected, the fine product after optical sorting is weighed and packed into the fine product of the optical sorting unit. A control means is provided for calculating the flow rate per unit time of the bag-packed refined product based on the weighing signal of the weighing device disposed in the discharge unit, and comparing the flow rate to control the increase and decrease of the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder. Characterized by Things sorting machine. A grain size selection unit that performs particle size selection in order to extract a sized particle from the supplied grain, and a sized particle selected by the particle size selection unit to optically select defective particles such as colored particles or foreign matter. A grain sorter equipped with an optical sorting section to be removed,
A connecting portion between the grain size sorting unit and the optical sorting unit includes a storage tank that temporarily stores the sized particles sorted by the grain size sorting unit, and a lower limit amount detector that detects a storage amount in the storage tank. And an upper limit amount detector, and a vibration feeder that receives the sized particles discharged from the storage tank and supplies them to the optical sorting unit, and detects the position of the lower limit amount detector before detecting the upper limit amount detector. The flow rate per unit time of the sizing stored in the storage tank is calculated by measuring the time until the position of the sensor is detected, and from the shoot by the number of opening operations per unit time of the ejector valve of the optical sorting unit. calculating the falling flow, grain sorter, characterized in that a control means for controlling the increase and decrease of the conveyance amount of the vibrating feeder compares these flow rates.   The control means calculates the sorting rate on the optical sorting unit side from the flow rate per unit time of the sizing stored in the storage tank and the flow rate per unit time of the bagged refined product, and sets a preset sorting rate. The grain sorter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the increase and decrease of the conveyance amount of the vibration feeder is controlled as compared with the above.   The control means, when the sized particles stored in the storage tank decreases and falls below the lower limit amount detector, gives a detection signal of the lower limit amount detector to the vibration feeder, and stops the sized particle conveyance, The grain sorter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grain sorting machine is controlled to stop the sorting operation.   In the control means, when the sized particles stored in the storage tank increase and exceed the upper limit detector, the brown rice of the rice hull sorter installed in the previous process is switched to out-of-machine discharge and in-machine circulation. The grain sorter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an external terminal for outputting a control signal for switching the switching shutter to the in-machine circulation side.

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