JP2010096374A - Absorption heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption heat pump capable of stably avoiding crystallization of absorption solution even when a solution pump cannot be operated before dilution operation of the absorption solution is completed. <P>SOLUTION: The absorption heat pump 1 includes: an absorber 10; a regenerator 30; a diluted solution line 16; a concentrated solution line 35 having the solution pump 35p pressure feeding concentrated solution Sa; and a dilution pipe 58A (58B) having a backflow prevention means 59A (59B) allowing a flow of diluted solution Sw from the diluted solution line 16 side to the concentrated solution line 35 side and blocking a flow of the concentrated solution Sa pressure fed by the solution pump 35p from the concentrated solution line 35 side to the diluted solution line 16 side. Even when the solution pump 35p cannot be operated, the diluted solution Sw can be mixed with the concentrated solution Sa via the dilution pipe 58A (58B) so as to dilute the concentrated solution Sa. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump, and more particularly to prevention of crystallization of an absorption solution of an absorption heat pump.

  Among heat pumps that are devices that pump heat from a low-temperature heat source into a high-temperature heat source, an absorption heat pump is known as a heat pump. The absorption heat pump heats the medium to be heated with the absorption heat generated when the absorption solution absorbs the vapor of the refrigerant, and pumps up the heat. The absorption heat pump causes the absorption solution to appropriately absorb and evaporate the refrigerant, thereby changing the concentration of the absorption solution and the dew point temperature as appropriate to continue the absorption heat pump cycle.

In the absorption heat pump cycle, during the operation of the absorption heat pump, the portion where the concentration of the absorption solution having a high temperature is crystallized when the temperature is lowered at the same concentration, and the absorption solution does not flow. In order to avoid such inconvenience, generally, when the operation of the absorption heat pump is stopped, the operation of the solution pump for circulating the absorption solution is continued, and a dilution operation for diluting a portion having a high concentration of the absorption solution is performed. . The absorption solution needs to be diluted not only in the normal shutdown process but also in the case of a power failure or failure of the solution pump. As a technology to dilute the absorbing solution even if a power failure occurs, a tube that carries the absorbing solution from the refrigerant liquid storage part of the evaporator and the regenerator to the absorber with a tube attached with a solenoid valve that is released when not energized Alternatively, there is one that dilutes the absorbing solution by connecting the regenerator and allowing the refrigerant liquid of the evaporator to flow into the regenerator when the solution pump cannot be operated (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 58-31262 A (2nd page, lower left column, FIG. 1 etc.)

  However, when the refrigerant liquid of the evaporator is caused to flow into the regenerator, the high-concentration absorbing solution remains in the pipe that conveys the absorbing solution from the regenerator to the absorber. In addition, when the refrigerant liquid of the evaporator is caused to flow into the pipe that transports the absorbing solution from the regenerator to the absorber, the amount of the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator is held in the pipe that transports the absorbing solution from the regenerator to the absorber. In some cases, the absorbent solution in the tube that transports the absorbent solution from the regenerator to the absorber cannot be sufficiently diluted.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides an absorption heat pump that can stably avoid crystallization of an absorption solution even when the solution pump cannot be operated before the dilution operation of the absorption solution is completed. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the absorption heat pump according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the absorption solution Sa absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve and becomes a diluted solution Sw having a reduced concentration. An absorber 10 that heats the medium Wq to be heated with absorption heat generated in the regenerator; a regenerator that generates a concentrated solution Sa having an increased concentration by introducing and heating the diluted solution Sw to evaporate the refrigerant Vg from the diluted solution Sw 30; a dilute solution line 16 for introducing the dilute solution Sw from the absorber 10 to the regenerator 30; and a concentrated solution line 35 for introducing the concentrated solution Sa from the regenerator 30 to the absorber 10, and a solution for pumping the concentrated solution Sa A concentrated solution line 35 having a pump 35p; a dilution pipe 58A (58B) for introducing the diluted solution Sw in the diluted solution line 16 into the concentrated solution line 35, from the diluted solution line 16 side to the concentrated solution line 35 side Of dilute solution Sw And a dilution pipe 58A (58B) having backflow prevention means 59A (59B) for blocking the flow of the concentrated solution Sa pumped by the solution pump 35p from the concentrated solution line 35 side to the diluted solution line 16 side. .

  With this configuration, the dilution pipe guides the dilute solution in the dilute solution line into the concentrated solution line, allowing the dilute solution to flow from the dilute solution line side to the concentrated solution line side, and diluting from the concentrated solution line side. When equipped with a dilution tube with backflow prevention means that blocks the flow of concentrated solution pumped by the solution pump to the solution line side, the solution pump cannot be operated before the absorption solution dilution operation is completed However, the dilute solution can be mixed with the concentrated solution, the concentrated solution can be diluted, and the concentrated solution can be stably prevented from crystallizing.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the absorption heat pump according to the second aspect of the present invention is introduced in the absorption heat pump 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention by introducing and heating the refrigerant liquid Vf. An evaporator 20 for evaporating a part of the refrigerant liquid Vf to generate refrigerant vapor Ve to be supplied to the absorber 10 and storing the remaining refrigerant liquid Vf in the lower part; and a refrigerant stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 A communication pipe 28 for leading the liquid Vf to the absorber 10, the communication pipe 28 configured so that the absorbing solution Sw in the absorber 10 does not flow into the evaporator 20; and an automatic valve disposed in the communication pipe 28 29, and an automatic valve 29 that opens the flow path when the supply of electricity is cut off; when the supply of electricity to the automatic valve 29 is cut off, it is stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20. The refrigerant liquid Vf is connected to the communication pipe 28 and the absorber. It is configured to flow into the dilute solution line 16 through 0.

  With this configuration, when the supply of electricity to the automatic valve is shut off, the refrigerant liquid stored in the lower part of the evaporator flows into the dilute solution line via the communication pipe and the absorber. The amount of the fluid for dilution flowing into the concentrated solution line through the pipe can be made larger than the amount when the refrigerant liquid stored in the evaporator is directly supplied to the concentrated solution line. Dilution fluid can be spread over a wider area of the line.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump according to the third aspect of the present invention is a solution in the absorption heat pump 1 according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention (see, for example, FIG. 1) as shown in FIG. The pump 35p has a housing 53 that houses an electric motor 53m that rotates the impeller 52p, and is configured to introduce a part of the discharged fluid into the housing 53 to cool the housing 53; The dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution line 16 (see, for example, FIG. 1) is connected to the solution pump 35p so as to guide it into the housing 53.

  If comprised in this way, the concentrated solution in the cooling system of the solution pump with which the cross-sectional area of a flow path is comparatively small and a concentrated solution tends to stay can be reliably diluted with a diluted solution.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump which concerns on the 4th aspect of this invention is the absorption heat pump which concerns on the said 2nd aspect of this invention, for example, as shown to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, The solution pump 35p rotates the impeller 52p. A housing 53 that houses an electric motor 53m to be introduced, and a part of the discharged fluid is introduced into the housing 53 to cool the inside of the housing 53; the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 is A solution pump dilution pipe 58B ′ leading into the housing 53 is further provided.

  If comprised in this way, the concentrated solution in the cooling system of the solution pump with which the cross-sectional area of a flow path is comparatively small and a concentrated solution tends to stay can be reliably diluted with a refrigerant liquid.

  In addition, the absorption heat pump according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is regenerated in the absorption heat pump 1 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention as shown in FIG. A condenser 40 for introducing and cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor Vg generated in the condenser 30; and extraction passages 64 and 66 for extracting the non-condensable gas Ng existing in the condenser 40 from the condenser 40; , 66, an extraction tank 62 that collects the non-condensable gas Ng extracted through 66; an extraction solution flow path 65, 66 that guides the concentrated solution Sa derived from the regenerator 30 to the extraction tank 62; A return solution flow path 67 for introducing the absorption solution Sa to the regenerator 30; a dilute solution extraction pipe 68 for introducing the dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution line 16 to the extraction tank 62; and a extraction solution flow path 65 for the concentrated solution Sa. 66 Via is configured to extract the non-condensable gas Ng to extraction tank 62 through the bleed passage 64, 66 from the condenser 40 within by conveying the gas extraction tank 62.

  If comprised in this way, the absorption solution in the extraction system which extracts a non-condensable gas by conveying a concentrated solution to an extraction tank can be diluted with a dilute solution.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump which concerns on the 6th aspect of this invention is the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam which generate | occur | produced in the regenerator 30 in the absorption heat pump which concerns on the said 2nd aspect or 4th aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. A condenser 40 that introduces Vg, cools and condenses; and extraction passages 64 and 66 for extracting non-condensable gas Ng existing in the condenser 40 from the condenser 40; and extraction through the extraction passages 64 and 66. An extraction tank 62 for collecting the non-condensed gas Ng; extraction solution flow paths 65 and 66 for guiding the concentrated solution Sa derived from the regenerator 30 to the extraction tank 62; and an absorption solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 for the regenerator 30 A return solution flow path 67 for guiding the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 to the extraction tank 62; a concentrated solution Sa through the extraction solution flow paths 65 and 66; Extraction tongue 62 is configured to extract the non-condensable gas Ng to extraction tank 62 through the bleed passage 64, 66 from the condenser 40 within the transport to.

  If comprised in this way, the absorption solution in the extraction system which extracts non-condensable gas by conveying a concentrated solution to an extraction tank can be diluted with a refrigerant | coolant liquid.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the solution of the absorption heat pump 1 according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention as shown in FIG. The reverse flow restricting means 35c provided in the concentrated solution line 35 on the discharge side of the solution pump 35p, with the flow direction of the concentrated solution Sa discharged by the pump 35p as the forward direction, There is provided a backflow restricting means 35c for restricting the flow rate so as not to damage 35p.

  If comprised in this way, when a solution pump stops, it can prevent that a solution pump is damaged by the backflow of the absorption solution in the concentrated solution line which arises by the pressure difference of an absorber and a regenerator, and a position head.

  Moreover, the absorption heat pump according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is the concentrated heat solution according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention as shown in FIG. The solution heat exchanger 38 exchanges heat between the concentrated solution Sa in the line 35 and the diluted solution Sw in the diluted solution line 16, and the introduced concentrated solution Sa and diluted solution Sw are stored below the regenerator 30. The solution heat exchanger 38 is provided so as to be positioned higher than the liquid level during the stop of the concentrated solution Sa.

  With this configuration, when the absorption pump in the concentrated solution line flows backward due to the pressure difference between the absorber and the regenerator and the position head when the solution pump is stopped, the concentrated solution is led out from the solution heat exchanger. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the absorption solution from being crystallized in the solution heat exchanger.

  In addition, the absorption heat pump according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is the concentrated heat pump according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention as shown in FIG. A solution heat exchanger 38 for exchanging heat between the concentrated solution Sa in the line 35 and the diluted solution Sw in the diluted solution line 16; the dilution pipe 58A ′ is disposed upstream of the diluted solution line 16 from the solution heat exchanger 38; And the concentrated solution line 35 on the downstream side of the solution heat exchanger 38 are connected to each other.

  With this configuration, the concentrated solution is pushed out of the solution heat exchanger when the dilute solution joined from the dilution pipe to the concentrated solution line flows toward the regenerator, and the concentrated solution stays in the solution heat exchanger. Can be avoided.

  According to the present invention, a dilution pipe that guides a dilute solution in a dilute solution line into the concentrated solution line, allowing the flow of the dilute solution from the dilute solution line side to the concentrated solution line side, and diluting from the concentrated solution line side. When equipped with a dilution tube with backflow prevention means that blocks the flow of concentrated solution pumped by the solution pump to the solution line side, the solution pump cannot be operated before the absorption solution dilution operation is completed However, the dilute solution can be mixed with the concentrated solution, the concentrated solution can be diluted, and the concentrated solution can be stably prevented from crystallizing.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar members are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  First, an absorption heat pump 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption heat pump 1. The absorption heat pump 1 includes an absorber 10, an evaporator 20, a regenerator 30, and a condenser 40 that are main components that perform an absorption heat pump cycle, and a dilute solution line that guides the dilute solution Sw from the absorber 10 to the regenerator 30. The diluted solution tube 16, the concentrated solution tube 35 as a concentrated solution line for introducing the concentrated solution Sa from the regenerator 30 to the absorber 10, the solution pump 35 p, and the diluted solution Sw in the diluted solution tube 16 into the concentrated solution tube 35. A flow path dilution pipe 58A as a dilution pipe for guiding, a pump dilution pipe 58B as a dilution pipe leading to the solution pump 35p, and a control device 99 are provided. The absorption heat pump 1 supplies low temperature (for example, about 80 ° C. to 90 ° C.) waste water having relatively low utility value as a heat source medium to the regenerator 30 and the evaporator 20, and steam having high utility value (for example, pressure is increased). A pressure exceeding about 0.1 MPa (gauge pressure), desirably about 0.8 MPa (gauge pressure)) can be taken out from the gas-liquid separator 80.

In the following description, the absorption solution is referred to as “dilute solution Sw”, “concentrated solution Sa” or the like depending on the properties and the position on the heat pump cycle in order to facilitate the distinction on the heat pump cycle. When the properties are not questioned, they are collectively referred to as “absorbing solution S” or “solution S”. Similarly, in order to easily distinguish the refrigerant on the heat pump cycle, “evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve”, “regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg”, “refrigerant liquid Vf”, etc., depending on the properties and positions on the heat pump cycle. However, when the properties and the like are not asked, they are collectively referred to as “refrigerant V”. In the present embodiment, an LiBr aqueous solution is used as the absorbing solution S (a mixture of the absorbent and the refrigerant V), and water (H ₂ O) is used as the refrigerant V. The heated medium W is a heated medium liquid Wq which is a liquid heated medium W, a heated medium vapor Wv which is a gaseous heated medium, and the heated medium liquid Wq and the heated medium vapor Wv are mixed. A general term for the mixed medium Wm to be heated. In the present embodiment, water (H ₂ O) is used as the heating medium W.

  The absorber 10 includes a heating tube 11 that forms a flow path of the medium to be heated W and a concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 that sprays the concentrated solution Sa. The concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 is disposed above the heating tube 11 so that the sprayed concentrated solution Sa falls on the heating tube 11. The absorber 10 generates heat of absorption when the concentrated solution Sa is sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 and the concentrated solution Sa absorbs the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve. The heated medium W flowing through the heating tube 11 receives this absorbed heat so that the heated medium W is heated. In the lower part of the absorber 10, a storage part 13 is formed in which the diluted solution Sa that has been dispersed absorbs the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve to store the diluted solution Sw having a reduced concentration. The heating tube 11 is disposed above the storage unit 13 so as not to be immersed in the dilute solution Sw. In this way, the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve is absorbed by the concentrated solution Sa wetted and spread on the surface of the heating tube 11, so that the contact area between the concentrated solution Sa and the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve can be increased, The generated absorption heat is quickly transmitted to the heated medium W flowing through the heating tube 11, and the recovery of the absorption capacity can be accelerated. The storage unit 13 is provided with an absorber liquid level detector 14 that detects the liquid level of the stored diluted solution Sw.

  The evaporator 20 includes therein a heat source pipe 21 that forms a flow path of a heat source hot water h as a heat source medium, and a refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 that sprays the refrigerant liquid Vf. The refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 is disposed above the heat source pipe 21 so that the sprayed refrigerant liquid Vf falls on the heat source pipe 21. The refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 is connected to a refrigerant liquid pipe 45 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf in the condenser 40 to the evaporator 20. In the evaporator 20, the refrigerant liquid Vf is sprayed from the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22, and the sprayed refrigerant liquid Vf is evaporated by the heat of the heat source hot water h flowing in the heat source pipe 21 to generate the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve. It is configured. The evaporator 20 is configured such that the refrigerant liquid Vf that has not evaporated out of the dispersed refrigerant liquid Vf is stored in the lower part. The heat source pipe 21 is typically arranged so as not to be immersed in the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part. An evaporator liquid level detector 24 that detects the liquid level of the stored refrigerant liquid Vf is disposed below the evaporator 20. The evaporator liquid level detector 24 is connected to a two-way valve 45v disposed in the refrigerant liquid pipe 45 by a signal cable, and the refrigerant liquid introduced into the evaporator 20 according to the detected liquid level of the refrigerant liquid Vf. The flow rate of Vf can be adjusted. Connected to the bottom of the evaporator 20 are a refrigerant liquid pipe 25 that returns the stored refrigerant liquid Vf to the condenser 40 and a communication pipe 28 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf to the storage section 13 of the absorber 10. A refrigerant heat exchanger 48 is disposed in the refrigerant liquid pipe 25. The communication pipe 28 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 29 as an automatic valve that closes when electricity is supplied and opens when the supply of electricity is interrupted. The solenoid valve 29 is a so-called normally open solenoid valve.

  The absorber 10 and the evaporator 20 are formed in one can body so as to communicate with each other. By connecting the absorber 10 and the evaporator 20, the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 20 can be supplied to the absorber 10. The absorber 10 and the evaporator 20 typically communicate with each other above the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 and above the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22. Further, the evaporator 20 has a bottom surface of the evaporator 20 that is lower than the liquid level of the storage unit 13 of the absorber 10 so that the absorbing solution S in the absorber 10 does not flow into the evaporator 20 via the communication pipe 28. It arrange | positions so that it may become high. In other words, the communication pipe 28 is configured such that the connection portion with the evaporator 20 is positioned higher than the connection portion with the absorber 10.

  The regenerator 30 has a heat source pipe 31 for flowing heat source hot water h as a heat source medium for heating the dilute solution Sw, and a dilute solution spray nozzle 32 for spraying the dilute solution Sw. The regenerator 30 is configured such that a concentrated solution Sa whose concentration is increased by evaporation of the refrigerant V from the sprayed diluted solution Sw is stored in the lower part. The regenerator 30 is configured such that the concentrated solution Sa and the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg are generated by heating the dilute solution Sw to the heat source hot water h. A portion where the concentrated solution Sa of the regenerator 30 is stored and the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 of the absorber 10 are connected by a concentrated solution pipe 35 through which the concentrated solution Sa flows. The concentrated solution tube 35 is provided with a solution pump 35p that pumps the concentrated solution Sa of the regenerator 30 to the absorber 10. The solution pump 35p has an inverter 35v connected to the absorber liquid level detector 14 by a signal cable, and the rotational speed is adjusted according to the liquid level detected by the absorber liquid level detector 14, and the absorber. The flow rate of the concentrated solution Sa to be pumped to 10 can be adjusted. The dilute solution spray nozzle 32 and the storage unit 13 of the absorber 10 are connected by a dilute solution tube 16 through which the dilute solution Sw flows. The concentrated solution tube 35 and the diluted solution tube 16 are provided with a solution heat exchanger 38 that performs heat exchange between the concentrated solution Sa and the diluted solution Sw.

  Here, the structure of the solution pump 35p will be described with reference to FIG. The solution pump 35p is a centrifugal canned motor pump that operates with electric power supplied from outside the apparatus, and includes a casing 52 that houses an impeller 52p and a housing 53 that houses an electric motor 53m. The electric motor 53m includes a rotor 53r and a stator 53s disposed so as to surround the rotor 53r. The rotor 53r and the impeller 52p are connected via a shaft 54 supported by a bearing 54b, and the impeller 52p can be rotated by the rotation of the rotor 53r. Further, the solution pump 35p has a cooling pipe 55 that guides a part of the fluid (concentrated solution Sa in the present embodiment) discharged by the rotation of the impeller 52p from the casing 52 to the side opposite to the casing 52 of the housing 53. is doing. The fluid flowing through the cooling pipe 55 flows into the housing 53, passes between the rotor 53r and the stator 53s, and reaches the impeller 52p portion in the casing 52. Thus, it is comprised so that the electric motor 53m and the bearing 54b can be cooled by the fluid flowing. A pump dilution pipe 58 </ b> B is connected to the cooling pipe 55.

  Returning to FIG. 1 again, the description of the configuration of the absorption heat pump 1 will be continued. The condenser 40 has a cooling water pipe 41 that forms a cooling medium flow path. The cooling water c as a cooling medium flows through the cooling water pipe 41. The condenser 40 is configured to introduce the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg generated in the regenerator 30, cool it with the cooling water c, and condense it. The cooling water pipe 41 is disposed so that the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg is not immersed in the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf so that the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg can be directly cooled. The condenser 40 is connected to a refrigerant liquid pipe 45 that sends the condensed refrigerant liquid Vf to the evaporator 20. The refrigerant liquid pipe 45 includes a refrigerant pump 46 for pumping the refrigerant liquid Vf to the evaporator 20, a refrigerant liquid Vf going from the evaporator 20 to the condenser 40, and a refrigerant liquid Vf going from the condenser 40 to the evaporator 20. The refrigerant heat exchanger 48 that performs heat exchange in the above and the two-way valve 45v that regulates the supply of the refrigerant liquid Vf to the evaporator 20 are arranged in this order in the direction in which the refrigerant liquid Vf flows.

  The regenerator 30 and the condenser 40 are formed in one can body so as to communicate with each other. By connecting the regenerator 30 and the condenser 40, the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg generated in the regenerator 30 can be supplied to the condenser 40. The regenerator 30 and the condenser 40 typically communicate with each other above the dilute solution spray nozzle 32. The lower part of the regenerator 30 and the lower part of the condenser 40 are an overflow pipe 44 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf to the regenerator 30 when the refrigerant liquid Vf in the condenser 40 is about to rise above a predetermined liquid level. It is connected. On the condenser 40 side, the overflow pipe 44 passes through the bottom of the condenser 40 and rises inside, and is arranged so that the end is positioned at a predetermined liquid level. The lower part of the regenerator 30 and the lower part of the condenser 40 are connected by a communication pipe 47 provided with a normally open electromagnetic valve 47v. The connecting pipe 47 is connected to the overflow pipe 44 so that the refrigerant liquid Vf can flow into the regenerator 30 via the overflow pipe 44 on the regenerator 30 side, and from the rising height of the overflow pipe 44 on the condenser 40 side. Also, the pipe end is disposed at a lower position. The absorber 10 and the regenerator 30 are configured to communicate with each other via the non-condensable gas moving pipe 15. The non-condensable gas moving tube 15 communicates the gas phase part of the absorber 10 and the gas phase part of the regenerator 30 so that the non-condensable gas Ng generated in the absorber 10 can be moved to the regenerator 30. is doing. The non-condensable gas moving pipe 15 is provided with a shutoff valve 15v that cuts off communication. Further, the absorber 10 and the evaporator 20 are disposed higher than the regenerator 30 and the condenser 40, and the absorbing solution S in the absorber 10 is transferred to the regenerator 30 and in the evaporator 20 by the position head. Each of the refrigerant liquids Vf is configured to be able to be conveyed to the condenser 40.

  The flow path dilution pipe 58A is connected to the dilute solution pipe 16 between the solution heat exchanger 38 and the dilute solution spray nozzle 32 and the concentrated solution pipe 35 between the solution pump 35p and the solution heat exchanger 38. The dilute solution tube 16 and the concentrated solution tube 35 communicate with each other. The flow path dilution pipe 58A is provided with a check valve 59A as a backflow prevention means. The check valve 59A has a mechanical structure and is configured to prevent the backflow of fluid. The check valve 59A allows the dilute solution Sw to flow from the dilute solution tube 16 to the dilute solution tube 35. It arrange | positions so that the flow of the concentrated solution Sa to may be interrupted | blocked. The concentrated solution pipe 35 between the connection portion of the flow path dilution pipe 58A and the solution heat exchanger 38 is provided with a perforated check valve 35c as a backflow restricting means. The perforated check valve 35c is different from a general check valve (check valve) in that a small hole is formed in a valve body for preventing a back flow of fluid, and a back flow of a fluid having a predetermined flow rate is allowed. Other than that, it has the same structure as a general check valve (check valve). The predetermined flow rate at which the perforated check valve 35c allows reverse flow is a range in which the solution pump 35p can be prevented from being damaged by rotating the impeller 52p (see FIG. 2) of the solution pump 35p by the reverse flow of the fluid. The flow rate is as high as possible. The perforated check valve 35c is disposed so that the absorbing solution S from the absorber 10 side to the regenerator 30 side has a predetermined flow rate that allows the above-described reverse flow.

  The pump dilution pipe 58B is connected to the dilute solution pipe 16 downstream of the connection part of the flow path dilution pipe 58A and the cooling pipe 55 (see FIG. 2) of the solution pump 35p. The dilute solution Sw can be introduced into the housing 53 (see FIG. 2) of the solution pump 35p. The pump dilution pipe 58B is provided with a solenoid valve 59B (normally open solenoid valve) that is closed when energized and opened when the supply of electricity is interrupted.

  The absorption heat pump 1 further includes a gas-liquid separator 80 and an extraction system 60. The gas-liquid separator 80 is a device that introduces the heated medium W that flows through the heating tube 11 of the absorber 10 and separates the heated medium vapor Wv and the heated medium liquid Wq. The gas-liquid separator 80 is provided with a gas-liquid separator liquid level detector 81 that detects the liquid level of the heated medium liquid Wq stored inside. The lower part of the gas-liquid separator 80 and one end of the heating pipe 11 of the absorber 10 are connected by a heated medium liquid pipe 82 that guides the heated medium liquid Wq to the heating pipe 11. The heated medium liquid pipe 82 is provided with a heated medium pump 83 that pumps the heated medium liquid Wq toward the heated pipe 11. The side surface of the gas-liquid separator 80 whose inside is a gas phase portion and the other end of the heating tube 11 are connected by a heated medium tube 84 after heating that guides the heated medium W to the gas-liquid separator 80. Yes.

  The gas-liquid separator 80 is connected to a makeup water pipe 85 that introduces makeup water Ws for supplementing the heated medium W supplied to the outside of the system as steam from outside the system. The make-up water pipe 85 includes a make-up water pump 86 for pumping make-up water Ws toward the gas-liquid separator 80, a check valve 85c, a make-up water heat exchanger 87B for preheating the make-up water Ws with warm water, and a dilute solution. A make-up water heat exchanger 87A that further heats the make-up water Ws by exchanging heat with Sw is arranged in this order toward the flow direction of the make-up water Ws. The make-up water pump 86 is connected to the gas-liquid separator liquid level detector 81 through a signal cable so that the start / stop is controlled according to the liquid level of the heated medium liquid Wq in the gas-liquid separator 80. It is configured. The make-up water heat exchanger 87A is disposed in the dilute solution pipe 16 upstream of the make-up water pipe 85 and the solution heat exchanger 38 so as to exchange heat between the make-up water Ws and the dilute solution Sw. Further, the heated liquid vapor supply pipe 89 for supplying the heated medium vapor Wv to the outside of the system is connected to the upper part (typically the top) of the gas-liquid separator 80.

  The gas-liquid separator 80 may introduce a mixed heated medium Wm in which part of the heated medium liquid Wq is evaporated in the heating tube 11 and the heated medium liquid Wq and the heated medium vapor Wv are mixed. Alternatively, the heated medium liquid Wq may be guided to the gas-liquid separator 80, and the pressure may be reduced to partially vaporize the mixed heated medium Wm for gas-liquid separation. In order to vaporize the medium to be heated Wq under reduced pressure, a throttle means such as an orifice can be used. Whether or not a part of the heated medium liquid Wq is evaporated in the heating pipe 11 is typically determined by adjusting the discharge pressure of the heated medium pump 83 and / or the make-up water pump 86. The internal pressure can be adjusted by whether or not the internal pressure is higher than a saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the heated medium liquid Wq.

  The extraction system 60 includes an ejector 61 and an extraction tank 62. The ejector 61 has a nozzle (not shown) that depressurizes and accelerates the concentrated solution Sa as a drive source, and an inlet 61a that introduces a non-condensable gas Ng as an aspirated material. A condenser bleed pipe 64 that constitutes a bleed flow path is connected to the inlet 61 a of the ejector 61. The condenser bleeder pipe 64 is provided with a condenser bleeder shutoff valve 64v as a bleeder backflow prevention valve that shuts off the fluid flow. Typically, a normally open solenoid valve is used as the condenser bleed-off valve 64v. However, a manual valve or a check valve (checker) that shuts off the flow of fluid from the ejector 61 side to the condenser 40 side is used. Valve) may be used. Connected to the suction side of the nozzle of the ejector 61 is a drive solution supply pipe 65 that constitutes an extraction solution flow path branched from the concentrated solution pipe 35 between the solution pump 35p and the perforated check valve 35c. Connected to the discharge side of the nozzle of the ejector 61 is a gas-liquid mixing tube 66 that constitutes an extraction solution flow path that guides the mixed fluid of the concentrated solution Sa of the driving source and the non-condensable gas Ng of the suction material to the extraction tank 62. ing. That is, the extraction solution flow path is constituted by the concentrated solution pipe 35 from the regenerator 30 to the connection portion of the drive solution supply pipe 65, the drive solution supply pipe 65, and the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66. The solution pump 35p is a pump that pumps the concentrated solution Sa of the regenerator 30 to the absorber 10 and also serves as an extraction solution pump that pumps the concentrated solution Sa of the regenerator 30 to the extraction tank 62. The solution pump 35p that functions as a bleed solution pump is typically configured to have a head that can raise the absorption solution S in the regenerator 30 to atmospheric pressure or higher.

  The extraction tank 62 is a tank that can introduce the concentrated solution Sa of the driving source and the non-condensable gas Ng of the sucked material and store the collected non-condensable gas Ng. In the extraction tank 62, a gas reservoir 62c is formed on the top plate, and a derivation valve 62v for deriving the non-condensable gas Ng is provided above the gas reservoir 62c. The gas reservoir 62c is provided with a float 62f. The float 62f rises as the liquid level of the concentrated solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 rises, thereby closing the discharge port for discharging the noncondensable gas Ng to the outside of the apparatus. It is configured as follows. A gas-liquid mixing pipe 66 is connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 62. The gas-liquid mixing tube 66 is disposed in a U-shape projecting downward so as to form a liquid trap. Also connected to the bottom of the extraction tank 62 is a return solution pipe 67 that constitutes a return solution flow path for returning the concentrated solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 to the regenerator 30. The return solution pipe 67 is provided with a return solution cutoff valve 67v (normally open electromagnetic valve) that blocks the flow of the concentrated solution Sa. The return solution pipe 67 is also disposed so as to be temporarily lowered below the bottom of the extraction tank 62 and the bottom of the regenerator 30 so as to form a liquid trap. One end of a diluted solution extraction dilution pipe 68 is connected to the top plate of the extraction tank 62. The other end of the diluted solution extraction pipe 68 is connected to the diluted solution pipe 16 in the vicinity of the absorber 10, and is configured to allow the diluted solution Sw flowing in the diluted solution pipe 16 to flow into the extraction tank 62. Yes. The diluted solution extraction pipe 68 is provided with a solenoid valve 69 (normally open solenoid valve) that is closed when energized and opened when the supply of electricity is interrupted.

  The control device 99 is a device that controls the operation of the absorption heat pump 1. The control device 99 is connected to the refrigerant pump 46 and the heated medium pump 83 through signal cables, respectively, and is configured to be able to start / stop and adjust the rotation speed. In the description so far, the output of the absorber liquid level detector 14 is directly input and controlled, and the solution pump 35p and the output of the gas-liquid separator liquid level detector 81 are directly input and controlled. The make-up water pump 86 may be controlled via the control device 99 (the detector output signal is temporarily input to the control device 99). Further, the control device 99 sends signals to the shutoff valve 15v, the solenoid valve 29, the solenoid valve 47v, the solenoid valve 59B, the condenser bleed shutoff valve 64v, the return solution shutoff valve 67v, and the solenoid valve 69 to open and close the valves. It is comprised so that it can be made. In the description so far, the two-way valve 45v that is controlled by directly inputting the output of the evaporator liquid level detector 24 is also input to the control device 99 via the control device 99 (the output signal of the detector is once input to the control device 99). It may be controlled).

  The normally open solenoid valves 29, 47v, 59B, 69, the condenser bleeder shutoff valve 64v, and the return solution shutoff valve 67v are shut off when electricity is not supplied to the solution pump 35p. Typically, electricity is supplied from outside the machine via a distribution board to which an electric cable connected to the solution pump 35p is connected (typically, the solution pump 35p and each The solenoid valves 29, 47v, 59B, 69, 64v, and 67v are configured to receive power from a commercial power source).

  With continued reference to FIG. 1, the operation of the absorption heat pump 1 will be described. During operation of heating the heated medium W of the absorption heat pump 1, electricity is supplied to the electromagnetic valves 29, 47v, 59B, 69, and the electromagnetic valves 29, 47v, 59B, 69 are closed. . First, the refrigerant side cycle will be described. In the condenser 40, the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg evaporated in the regenerator 30 is received, cooled and condensed with the cooling water c flowing through the cooling water pipe 41, and the refrigerant liquid Vf is obtained. The condensed refrigerant liquid Vf is sent to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 22 of the evaporator 20 by the refrigerant pump 46. At this time, the two-way valve 45v is controlled according to the detected liquid level of the evaporator liquid level detector 24 so that the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 becomes a predetermined liquid level. The refrigerant liquid Vf sent to the refrigerant liquid spraying nozzle 22 is sprayed toward the heat source pipe 21, heated by the heat source hot water h flowing through the heat source pipe 21, and evaporated to become the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve. The evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 20 moves to the absorber 10 that communicates with the evaporator 20. When the refrigerant liquid Vf in the condenser 40 exceeds a predetermined liquid level, the excess refrigerant liquid Vf moves to the regenerator 30 via the overflow pipe 44. Thereby, the density | concentration of the absorption solution S during operation | movement of the absorption heat pump 1 is maintained at the density | concentration which does not crystallize.

  Next, the cycle on the solution side of the absorption heat pump 1 will be described. In the absorber 10, the concentrated solution Sa is sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12, and the sprayed concentrated solution Sa absorbs the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve that has moved from the evaporator 20. The concentrated solution Sa that has absorbed the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve is reduced in concentration to become a diluted solution Sw. In the absorber 10, heat of absorption is generated when the concentrated solution Sa absorbs the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve. The absorbed medium liquid Wq flowing through the heating tube 11 is heated by the absorbed heat. Here, the operation around the gas-liquid separator 80 for taking out the heated medium vapor Wv will be described.

  The gas-liquid separator 80 is introduced with makeup water Ws from outside the system via a makeup water pipe 85. The make-up water Ws is pumped through the make-up water pipe 85 by the make-up water pump 86. After the temperature rises first in the make-up water heat exchanger 87B, the temperature is further raised by exchanging heat with the dilute solution Sw in the make-up water heat exchanger 87A. Then, it is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 80. The makeup water Ws introduced into the gas-liquid separator 80 is stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 80 as the heated medium liquid Wq. The makeup water pump 86 is controlled so that the heated medium liquid Wq stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 80 becomes a predetermined liquid level. The heated medium liquid Wq stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 80 is sent to the heating pipe 11 of the absorber 10 by the heated medium pump 83. The heated medium liquid Wq sent to the heating tube 11 is heated by the absorption heat described above in the absorber 10. The heated medium liquid Wq heated by the heating tube 11 is gas-liquid separated as a mixed heated medium Wm partially evaporated to become a heated medium vapor Wv, or as a heated medium liquid Wq whose temperature has increased. Flows through the heated medium tube 84 after heating toward the vessel 80. When the heated medium liquid Wq whose temperature has risen flows through the heated medium pipe 84 after heating, the heated medium liquid Wq is depressurized when being introduced into the gas-liquid separator 80, and a part of the heated medium liquid Wq is evaporated and covered. The mixed medium to be heated Wm that has become the heating medium vapor Wv is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 80. In the mixed heated medium Wm introduced into the gas-liquid separator 80, the heated medium liquid Wq and the heated medium vapor Wv are separated. The separated heated medium liquid Wq is stored in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 80 and sent to the heating tube 11 of the absorber 10 again. On the other hand, the separated heated medium vapor Wv is led out to the heated medium vapor supply pipe 89 and supplied to the vapor use place.

  Returning to the description of the cycle on the solution side of the absorption heat pump 1 again. The concentrated solution Sa that has absorbed the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve by the absorber 10 is reduced in concentration to become the diluted solution Sw, and is stored in the storage unit 13. The dilute solution Sw in the storage unit 13 flows through the dilute solution pipe 16 toward the regenerator 30 due to gravity and a difference in internal pressure between the absorber 10 and the regenerator 30, and is supplied to the replenishing water heat exchanger 87A and the replenishing water Ws. After the exchange and the temperature is lowered, the solution heat exchanger 38 exchanges heat with the concentrated solution Sa to further lower the temperature and reach the regenerator 30. At this time, since the discharge pressure of the solution pump 35p is applied to the check valve 59A and the electromagnetic valve 59B is closed, the dilute solution Sw passes through the flow path dilution pipe 58A and the pump dilution pipe 58B. The regenerator 30 is reached without flowing into the concentrated solution tube 35 through the regenerator 30. The dilute solution Sw sent to the regenerator 30 is sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32. The dilute solution Sw sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32 is heated by the heat source hot water h (about 80 ° C. in this embodiment) flowing through the heat source pipe 31, and the refrigerant in the sprayed dilute solution Sw evaporates. It becomes a concentrated solution Sa and is stored in the lower part of the regenerator 30. On the other hand, the refrigerant V evaporated from the dilute solution Sw moves to the condenser 40 as a regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg. The concentrated solution Sa stored in the lower part of the regenerator 30 is pumped to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 of the absorber 10 through the concentrated solution tube 35 by the solution pump 35p. At this time, since the check valve 59A is provided in the flow path dilution pipe 58A, the concentrated solution Sa does not flow into the dilute solution pipe 16 via the flow path dilution pipe 58A, and the pump dilution pipe 58B has an electromagnetic wave. Since the valve 59B is closed, the concentrated solution Sa does not flow into the diluted solution tube 16 via the pump dilution tube 58B. Further, the rotation speed of the solution pump 35p (by the inverter 35v according to the detection liquid level of the absorber liquid level detector 14) so that the diluted solution Sw stored in the storage unit 13 of the absorber 10 becomes a predetermined liquid level ( As a result, the discharge flow rate) is adjusted. The concentrated solution Sa flowing through the concentrated solution pipe 35 is heat-exchanged with the diluted solution Sw by the solution heat exchanger 38 to rise in temperature, and then flows into the absorber 10 and is sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12. Thereafter, the same cycle is repeated.

  The absorption heat pump 1 that performs the cycle of the absorption solution S and the refrigerant V as described above includes an absorber 10, an evaporator 20, a regenerator 30, and a condenser 40 that are main components that perform the absorption heat pump cycle. The air may enter due to the following. The atmospheric air tends to enter the regenerator 30 and the condenser 40, which have a low pressure. In the absorption heat pump 1, the steel material constituting the can body reacts with the absorption solution to generate hydrogen gas. A large amount of hydrogen gas is generated in the absorber 10 that is relatively hot in the absorption heat pump cycle. Air and hydrogen gas are non-condensable gases Ng that do not condense in the absorption heat pump cycle and under atmospheric pressure. The non-condensable gas Ng in the absorber 10 moves to the lower pressure regenerator 30 when the control device 99 periodically opens the shut-off valve 15v. On the other hand, since the regenerator refrigerant vapor Vg generated in the regenerator 30 moves to the condenser 40, the entire gas flow is directed from the regenerator 30 toward the condenser 40, and thus the non-condensable gas in the regenerator 30. Ng tends to be collected in the condenser 40. When the non-condensable gas Ng stays in the absorption heat pump 1, the capacity is reduced. Therefore, the absorption heat pump 1 is configured to extract the internal non-condensable gas Ng as described below.

  When collecting the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40 in the extraction tank 62, the outlet valve 62v is closed, and the condenser extraction cutoff valve 64v and the return solution cutoff valve 67v are open. By the operation of the solution pump 35p, the concentrated solution Sa in the regenerator 30 flows through the concentrated solution pipe 35 and is pumped to the absorber 10, and a part of the concentrated solution Sa flows into the driving solution supply pipe 65. The concentrated solution Sa flowing into the driving solution supply pipe 65 passes through the ejector 61 and flows through the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66 and into the extraction tank 62 due to the pressure of the solution pump 35p. As the concentrated solution Sa passes through the ejector 61, the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40 is sucked into the ejector 61 through the condenser bleed pipe 64 connected to the inlet 61a.

  The concentrated solution Sa and the non-condensable gas Ng flowing into the extraction tank 62 are separated into gas and liquid in the extraction tank 62. That is, the concentrated solution Sa and the non-condensable gas Ng are separated into a liquid and a gas. The concentrated solution Sa separated in the extraction tank 62 flows through the return solution pipe 67 and is returned to the regenerator 30. On the other hand, the non-condensable gas Ng separated in the extraction tank 62 has the outlet valve 62v closed, and the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66 and the return solution pipe 67 have a liquid seal structure. Stay. In this way, the non-condensable gas Ng is collected in the extraction tank 62. Even when the absorption heat pump 1 is stopped and the flow of the concentrated solution Sa is stopped, the gas-liquid mixing tube 66 and the return solution tube 67 have a liquid seal structure, and therefore the non-condensable gas Ng is extracted from the extraction tank. 62.

  When discharging the non-condensable gas Ng collected in the extraction tank 62 to the outside of the extraction tank 62, the control device 99 closes the condenser extraction cutoff valve 64v and the return solution cutoff valve 67v. At this time, the outlet valve 62v remains closed. The solution pump 35p is also operating. Then, the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40 is not sucked into the ejector 61, but the concentrated solution Sa is pumped to the extraction tank 62 by the solution pump 35p. Thereby, the liquid level of the concentrated solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 rises, and the non-condensable gas Ng in the extraction tank 62 is compressed. When the pressure of the non-condensable gas Ng becomes equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, the control device 99 opens the outlet valve 62v. When the outlet valve 62v is opened, the non-condensable gas Ng is discharged out of the machine via the outlet valve 62v. At this time, the liquid level of the concentrated solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 rises, but the float 62f that rises as the liquid level of the concentrated solution Sa rises closes the opening communicating with the outlet valve 62v. Can be prevented from leaking. When the float 62f blocks the opening communicating with the outlet valve 62v, the derivation of the non-condensable gas Ng from the extraction tank 62 is also completed. Typically, the raised float 62f turns on a switch (not shown), or another liquid level switch (not shown) such as a liquid level switch using an electrode rod is actuated to A configuration for transmitting a signal is preferable because completion of derivation of the non-condensable gas Ng from the extraction tank 62 can be detected. Alternatively, for example, the time after the control device 99 opens the derivation valve 62v is measured, and the derivation of the non-condensable gas Ng is completed based on the previously measured time until the derivation of the non-condensable gas Ng is completed. May be detected. When the derivation of the non-condensable gas Ng is completed, the control device 99 closes the derivation valve 62v, opens the return solution cutoff valve 67v, opens the condenser bleeder cutoff valve 64v, and sets the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40. The collection into the extraction tank 62 is resumed.

  The absorption heat pump 1 that operates as described above is configured so that the absorption solution S changes the concentration of the absorption solution S at a temperature around the temperature of the heated medium W while the temperature of the heated medium W is changed. The absorption heat pump cycle is continued by circulating through the regenerator 30. When the operation of the absorption heat pump 1 is stopped, the concentrated solution Sa having a high concentration approaches the ambient environment temperature (for example, room temperature) at the same concentration, and the absorption solution S crystallizes and cannot be started next. In order to avoid this, a dilution operation is performed. In the dilution operation of the absorption heat pump 1, typically, when the temperature rise of the medium to be heated W is stopped, the supply of the heat source hot water h to the heat source pipes 21 and 31 is stopped, and the electromagnetic valve 29 is opened to evaporate. The refrigerant in the vessel 20 is returned to the absorbing solution S, and the operation of the solution pump 35p is continued, whereby the absorber 10 and the regenerator 30 and the concentration of the absorbing solution S in the dilute solution pipe 16 and the concentrated solution pipe 35 that connect them. Is diluted and made almost uniform. At this time, the electromagnetic valve 29 functions as a dilution valve. However, the electromagnetic valve 47v may be opened instead of the electromagnetic valve 29 during the dilution operation, and the refrigerant in the condenser 40 may be returned to the absorbing solution S. . When the electromagnetic valve 47v is used as the dilution valve, the necessary refrigerant amount can be returned in consideration of the cycle concentration by setting the rising height of the communication pipe 47. When the electromagnetic valve 29 is used as a dilution valve and the electromagnetic valve 47v is not used, the electromagnetic valve 47v need not be provided.

  When a power failure occurs during the operation of raising the temperature of the heated medium W of the absorption heat pump 1 or during the dilution operation, the solution pump 35p stops in a state where the absorption solution S is not sufficiently diluted, and in this state. When approaching ambient temperature (for example, room temperature), absorption solution S will crystallize. Absorption refrigerators that have a device configuration similar to an absorption heat pump and differ in the pressure and dew point temperature of the solution cycle are generally operated to keep the outlet temperature of the cold water that is the cooling medium constant, and the refrigerant temperature of the evaporator is approximately It is constant. In such an absorption refrigerator, when the temperature of the cooling water introduced into the absorber decreases, the temperature of the absorption solution in the absorber decreases, so the absorption solution in which the evaporation temperature and the absorber solution temperature are related The concentration decreases. In such absorption refrigerators, when the temperature drops, the concentration of the absorbing solution exceeds the crystal concentration in the short period of summer when the cooling water temperature is high and the outside air temperature is high. Even if the absorption solution dilutes and stops incompletely, there is generally a few hours before the crystals drop and the temperature is reduced, and crystals can be avoided by restarting after power recovery There are many. On the other hand, the absorption heat pump 1 typically operates to make the outlet temperature of the heated medium W substantially constant, so that the temperature of the absorbent solution S in the absorber 10 that heats the heated medium W is substantially constant. Is at a high temperature (a temperature slightly higher than the temperature of the heated medium W). Since the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve supplied to the absorber 10 is heated by the heat source hot water h in the evaporator 20, the inside of the evaporator 20 is at a substantially constant temperature, and evaporates even when the temperature of the cooling water c decreases. The absorbing solution concentration, which is related to the temperature and the absorber solution temperature, is substantially constant while maintaining the full load state. That is, the absorption heat pump 1 typically has a high concentration cycle in which the concentration of the absorption solution becomes equal to or higher than the crystal concentration when the temperature decreases throughout the year, and a power failure occurs and the solution pump 35p operates. When it disappears, there is a high possibility that the absorbing solution S will crystallize. The absorption heat pump 1 is configured to perform the following operation in order to avoid such inconvenience.

  When a power failure or the like occurs during the operation of raising the temperature of the heated medium W of the absorption heat pump 1 or during the dilution operation, the solution pump 35p is stopped due to the difference in internal pressure between the absorber 10 and the regenerator 30 and the position head. Both the dilute solution Sw in the solution tube 16 and the concentrated solution Sa in the concentrated solution tube 35 flow from the absorber 10 side toward the regenerator 30 side. At this time, since the discharge pressure of the solution pump 35p is no longer applied to the check valve 59A, the dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution pipe 16 flows into the concentrated solution pipe 35 via the flow path diluting pipe 58A and flows into The solution Sw is mixed with the concentrated solution Sa in the concentrated solution tube 35 to dilute the concentrated solution Sa. Further, the normally open solenoid valve 59B is opened by a power failure, and the dilute solution Sw flows into the housing 53 of the solution pump 35p via the pump dilution pipe 58B, so that the concentrated solution Sa in the housing 53 is diluted. Thus, in the absorption heat pump 1, the concentrated solution Sa in the concentrated solution tube 35 and the solution pump 35 p is a sufficient amount of diluted solution Sw held in the storage unit 13 and the diluted solution tube 16 of the absorber 10. Since it is diluted, it is suppressed that dilution becomes insufficient, and it can avoid stably that concentrated solution Sa crystallizes.

  The concentrated solution pipe 35 is provided with a perforated check valve 35c to prevent damage to the solution pump 35p. However, since the perforated check valve 35c has a small hole, damage to the solution pump 35p is caused. The concentrated solution Sa can be made to flow backward while preventing the concentrated solution Sa in the concentrated solution tube 35 located closer to the absorber 10 than the perforated check valve 35c. At this time, the gas in the absorber 10 (typically, the evaporator refrigerant vapor Ve) escapes to the regenerator 30 through the concentrated solution tube 35 faster than it escapes to the regenerator 30 through the dilute solution tube 16. If the small hole diameter of the perforated check valve 35c is formed to a certain size, all of the concentrated solution Sa (the concentrated solution system concentrated solution Sa) from the regenerator 30 to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 12 is temporarily removed. It can be returned to the regenerator 30. When all the concentrated solution system concentrated solution Sa returns to the regenerator 30, the diluted solution Sw is mixed with the diluted solution Sw flowing into the regenerator 30 through the diluted solution tube 16 and diluted, and the diluted absorption solution S is again concentrated solution tube. 35, the absorbent solution S stops at a position where the internal pressures of the absorber 10 and the regenerator 30 are balanced. The stationary absorption solution S is diluted to be less than the crystal concentration.

  In the absorption heat pump 1, the normally open solenoid valve 29 is further opened due to a power failure, and the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 flows into the storage unit 13 through the communication pipe 28 and enters the storage unit 13. Further dilute the dilute solution Sw. Since the dilute solution Sw in the storage unit 13 dilutes the concentrated solution system concentrated solution Sa, the concentration of the dilute solution Sw in the storage unit 13 decreases and the amount increases, thereby increasing the concentration of the concentrated solution system concentrated solution Sa. The dilution effect can be improved. Further, in the absorption heat pump 1, the normally open solenoid valve 69 is opened due to a power failure, and the dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution pipe 16 flows into the extraction tank 62 to dilute the concentrated solution Sa introduced as the drive solution. To do. The driving solution supply pipe 65, the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66, and the return solution pipe 67 have a small diameter because the concentrated solution Sa flowing therethrough is a small amount compared to the absorbing solution S circulating in the absorber 10 and the regenerator 30. When the concentrated solution Sa stays inside, the concentrated solution Sa is easily cooled and easily crystallized. In the absorption heat pump 1, when the concentrated solution Sa in the extraction tank 62 is diluted, a part of the diluted absorption solution S flows to the regenerator 30 through the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66 and the driving solution supply pipe 65. Others flow to the regenerator 30 via the return solution pipe 67, so that the absorbing solution S in the driving solution supply pipe 65, the gas-liquid mixing pipe 66, and the return solution pipe 67 can be diluted. Crystals can be suppressed.

  Next, an absorption heat pump 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption heat pump 2. The absorption heat pump 2 is different from the absorption heat pump 1 (see FIG. 1) in that the fluid introduced into the solution pump 35p is not the dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution pipe 16 but the refrigerant liquid Vf in the evaporator 20. The anti-solution pump 35p side of the pump dilution pipe 58B ′ is connected to the lower part (typically the bottom part) of the evaporator 20. Further, instead of the dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution pipe 16 and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the evaporator 20 instead of the dilute solution Sw in the dilute solution pipe 16, a refrigerant liquid bleed dilution dilution pipe 68A is used instead of the dilute solution bleed dilution pipe 68. The lower part (typically the bottom part) of the evaporator 20 and the extraction tank 62 are provided so as to communicate with each other. Other configurations of the absorption heat pump 2 are the same as those of the absorption heat pump 1 (see FIG. 1). In the absorption heat pump 2, since the refrigerant liquid Vf is introduced into the solution pump 35p and the extraction tank 62, the absorption solution S of these portions in which the channel cross-sectional area of the absorption solution S is small and crystals are likely to be generated is efficiently used. Can be diluted well. In the absorption heat pump 2, the refrigerant liquid Vf is introduced into both the solution pump 35p and the extraction tank 62. However, either one of the refrigerant liquid Vf is introduced and the other is the absorption heat pump 1 (see FIG. 1). The dilute solution Sw may be introduced as shown in FIG.

  Next, an absorption heat pump 2A according to a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic system diagram of the absorption heat pump 2A. The difference between the absorption heat pump 2A and the absorption heat pump 2 (see FIG. 3) is that the refrigerant liquid Vf is stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 instead of the condenser 40. Then, instead of the refrigerant liquid pipe 25 (see FIG. 3) for guiding the refrigerant liquid Vf of the evaporator 20 to the condenser 40, the refrigerant liquid pipe for guiding the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the lower part of the evaporator 20 to the refrigerant liquid spraying nozzle 22. 25A is provided, and the refrigerant liquid pipe 25A is provided with a refrigerant pump 26 for sending the refrigerant liquid Vf at the lower part of the evaporator 20 to the refrigerant liquid spraying nozzle 22, and the refrigerant liquid Vf of the condenser 40 is supplied to the refrigerant of the evaporator 20. Instead of the refrigerant liquid pipe 45 (see FIG. 3) leading to the liquid spray nozzle 22, a refrigerant liquid pipe 45 A for guiding the refrigerant liquid Vf of the condenser 40 to the liquid reservoir of the evaporator 20 is provided, and the evaporator liquid level detector 24 is provided. Instead of (see FIG. 3), a condenser liquid level detector 42 for detecting the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid Vf below the condenser 40 is provided. The condenser liquid level detector 42 and the two-way valve 45v are connected by a signal cable, and the refrigerant liquid Vf introduced into the evaporator 20 according to the liquid level of the refrigerant liquid Vf detected by the condenser liquid level detector 42. It is comprised so that the flow volume of can be adjusted. The absorption heat pump 2A further includes an overflow pipe 27A corresponding to the overflow pipe 44 (see FIG. 1) and an electromagnetic valve 27v corresponding to the communication pipe 47 (see FIG. 1) provided with the electromagnetic valve 47v (see FIG. 1). A communication tube 27 </ b> B is provided in the evaporator 20. In addition, the refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 48 provided in the absorption heat pump 2 (refer FIG. 3) is not provided in the absorption heat pump 2A. Other configurations of the absorption heat pump 2A are the same as those of the absorption heat pump 2 (see FIG. 3). In the absorption heat pump 2A, at the time of dilution operation, the electromagnetic valve 27v is opened and an appropriate amount of refrigerant is returned to the absorption solution S via the communication tube 27B, and the solution system can be circulated and mixed by the solution pump 35p. 29 is opened, and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the lower part of the evaporator 20 is returned to the absorbing solution S via the communication pipe 28 to prevent the absorbing solution S from being crystallized. When the electromagnetic valve 29 also functions as a dilution valve, the communication pipe 27B and the electromagnetic valve 27v need not be provided.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the absorption heat pump 3 which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The absorption heat pump 3 is configured as a two-stage temperature rising type absorption heat pump, and the absorber 10 and the evaporator 20 in the absorption heat pumps 1, 2 and 2A shown in FIGS. It is divided into a high temperature absorber 10H and a high temperature evaporator 20H, and a low temperature side low temperature absorber 10L and a low temperature evaporator 20L (FIG. 5 shows an example in which the absorption heat pump 2A shown in FIG. However, the absorption heat pump 1 (see FIG. 1) or the absorption heat pump 2 (see FIG. 2) may be a two-stage temperature rising type. The high temperature absorber 10H has a higher internal pressure than the low temperature absorber 10L, and the high temperature evaporator 20H has a higher internal pressure than the low temperature evaporator 20L. The high-temperature absorber 10H and the high-temperature evaporator 20H communicate with each other at the top and are provided with an electromagnetic valve 29H so that the vapor VeH of the refrigerant V of the high-temperature evaporator 20H can be moved to the high-temperature absorber 10H. The communication pipe 28H communicates with the lower part. The low-temperature absorber 10L and the low-temperature evaporator 20L communicate with each other at the upper part and are provided with an electromagnetic valve 29L so that the vapor VeL of the refrigerant V of the low-temperature evaporator 20L can be moved to the low-temperature absorber 10L. The communication pipe 28L communicates with the lower part. The heated medium liquid Wq is heated by the high temperature absorber 10H. The heat source hot water h is introduced into the low temperature evaporator 20L. The low-temperature absorber 10L heats the refrigerant liquid Vf in the high-temperature evaporator 20H with absorption heat when the solution S absorbs the vapor of the refrigerant V that has moved from the low-temperature evaporator 20L, and the refrigerant V is contained in the high-temperature evaporator 20H. Steam is generated, and the generated steam of the refrigerant V in the high-temperature evaporator 20H moves to the high-temperature absorber 10H and heats the heated medium liquid Wq with the absorbed heat when absorbed by the solution S in the high-temperature absorber 10H. Is configured to do. In the absorption heat pump 3, the dilute solution Sw derived from the low temperature absorber 10L and flowing through the dilute solution pipe 16 can flow into the concentrated solution pipe 35 via the flow path dilution pipe 58A, and via the pump dilution pipe 58B. It is configured to be able to flow into the solution pump 35p.

  FIG. 6 shows a configuration around the solution heat exchanger 38 in a modification applicable to the absorption heat pumps 1, 2, 2 A, and 3. In the modification shown in FIG. 6, the lower end of the absorbing solution S in the solution heat exchanger 38 is more than the stop position of the liquid level of the absorbing solution S in the regenerator 30 when the absorbing heat pumps 1, 2, 2A, 3 are stopped. A solution heat exchanger 38 is disposed so as to be located at a high place. With this configuration, the absorbing solution S does not remain in the solution heat exchanger 38 when the absorbing heat pumps 1, 2, 2A, and 3 are stopped, and crystals of the absorbing solution S in the solution heat exchanger 38 can be avoided. . In addition, since most of the absorption solution S in the apparatus and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the evaporator 20 are collected in the regenerator 30, the average concentration of the absorption solution S is reduced, and the crystals of the absorption solution S in the regenerator 30 are suppressed. Is done.

  In the modification shown in FIG. 6, the flow path dilution pipe 58 </ b> A ′ further connects the dilute solution pipe 16 upstream of the solution heat exchanger 38 and the concentrated solution pipe 35 downstream of the solution heat exchanger 38. To be connected. In other words, the dilute solution tube 16 and the concentrated solution tube 35 communicate with each other on the absorber 10 side rather than the solution heat exchanger 38 rather than the regenerator 30 side than the solution heat exchanger 38. If comprised in this way, when the dilute solution Sw which flowed into the concentrated solution pipe | tube 35 via the flow path dilution pipe | tube 58A 'flows toward the regenerator 30, the concentrated solution Sa will be extruded from the solution heat exchanger 38, and solution It can be avoided that the concentrated solution Sa stays in the heat exchanger 38. Further, since the distance until the dilute solution Sw flowing into the concentrated solution tube 35 via the flow path dilution tube 58A ′ reaches the regenerator 30 together with the concentrated solution Sa becomes longer, the absorbing solution S can be diluted more uniformly. Become. In addition, in the modification shown in FIG. 6, the solution arrange | positioned so that the lower end of the absorption solution S in the above-mentioned solution heat exchanger 38 may become higher than the stop position of the liquid level of the absorption solution S of the regenerator 30 at the time of a stop. The arrangement characteristics of the heat exchanger 38 and the dilute solution pipe 16 and the concentrated solution pipe 35 are connected to each other on the absorber 10 side of the solution heat exchanger 38 described in this paragraph through a flow path dilution pipe 58A ′. However, either one of these modifications may be applied to the absorption heat pumps 1, 2, 2A, 3 or both. May be applied.

  In the above description, the flow dilution pipe 58A (or flow dilution pipe 58A ′) and the pump dilution pipe 58B (or pump dilution pipe 58B ′) are provided as the dilution pipes, but either one is provided. Thus, when the function of the other dilution tube is satisfied, the other may be omitted.

  In the above description, the backflow prevention means provided in the flow path dilution pipe 58A (or the flow path dilution pipe 58A ′) is the check valve 59A that prevents the backflow of fluid with a mechanical structure. Then, an electromagnetic valve that opens when the supply of electricity is interrupted may be provided in place of the check valve 59A. Further, the electromagnetic valves 29, 47v, 59B, 69 provided in various places may be replaced with normally open spring return valves.

  In the above description, the backflow restricting means is the perforated check valve 35c that is a check valve (check valve) having a small hole formed in the valve body. However, instead of the perforated check valve 35c, the small hole is not provided. A check valve (check valve) that is not formed may be provided, a bypass flow path that bypasses the check valve is provided in parallel with the check valve, and an orifice is provided in the bypass flow path. In this case, the orifice corresponds to a small hole of the perforated check valve 35c.

  In the above description, the pressure in the extraction tank 62 is increased to atmospheric pressure or higher to discharge the noncondensable gas Ng to the outside of the apparatus. However, a non-condensation in the extraction tank 62 below atmospheric pressure is provided by providing a vacuum pump. The gas Ng may be discharged outside the apparatus by vacuuming. In this case, the condenser bleed shutoff valve 64v and the return solution shutoff valve 67v need not be provided. In the above description, the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40 is sucked by the ejector 61. However, the condenser bleed pipe 64 is directly connected to the bleed tank 62 and the absorbing solution flowing in the drive solution supply pipe 65 is used. The S may be cooled and then introduced into the extraction tank 62, and the non-condensable gas Ng in the condenser 40 may be guided to the extraction tank 62 by reducing the pressure in the extraction tank 62. In order to cool the absorbing solution S flowing in the driving solution supply pipe 65, for example, a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the refrigerant liquid Vf derived from the condenser 40 may be provided.

1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption heat pump according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of a solution pump. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption heat pump which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption heat pump which concerns on the modification of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical systematic diagram of the absorption heat pump which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram around the absorption heat pump solution heat exchanger which concerns on the modification of embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 2A, 3 Absorption heat pump 10 Absorber 16 Dilute solution tube 20 Evaporator 28 Communication tube 29 Solenoid valve 30 Regenerator 35 Concentrated solution tube 35c Perforated check valve 35p Solution pump 38 Solution heat exchanger 40 Condenser 52p Blade Car 53 Housing 53m Electric motor 58A Flow path dilution pipe 58B Pump dilution pipe 58B 'Solution pump dilution pipe 59A Check valve 59B Solenoid valve 62 Extraction tank 64 Condenser extraction pipe 65 Drive solution supply pipe 66 Gas-liquid mixing pipe 67 Return solution pipe 68 Rare Solution extraction dilution pipe 68A Refrigerant liquid extraction dilution pipe Ng Non-condensable gas S Absorption solution Sa Concentrated solution Sw Dilute solution Ve Evaporator refrigerant vapor Vg Regenerator refrigerant vapor Vf Refrigerant liquid Wq Heated medium liquid

Claims (9)

An absorber that heats the medium to be heated with the heat of absorption generated when the absorbing solution becomes a dilute solution having a reduced concentration by absorbing refrigerant vapor;
A regenerator that introduces and heats the dilute solution to evaporate a refrigerant from the dilute solution to produce a concentrated solution having increased concentration;
A dilute solution line leading the dilute solution from the absorber to the regenerator;
A concentrated solution line for guiding the concentrated solution from the regenerator to the absorber; a concentrated solution line having a solution pump for pumping the concentrated solution;
A dilution pipe for introducing the diluted solution in the diluted solution line into the concentrated solution line, allowing the flow of the diluted solution from the diluted solution line side to the concentrated solution line side; A dilution pipe having backflow prevention means for blocking the flow of the concentrated solution pumped by the solution pump to the dilute solution line side;
Absorption heat pump. An evaporator that introduces and heats a refrigerant liquid, evaporates a part of the introduced refrigerant liquid to generate the refrigerant vapor to be supplied to the absorber, and stores the remainder of the introduced refrigerant liquid in a lower part;
A communication pipe that guides the refrigerant liquid stored in the lower part of the evaporator to the absorber, the communication pipe configured to prevent the absorption solution in the absorber from flowing into the evaporator;
An automatic valve disposed in the communication pipe, wherein the automatic valve opens the flow path when the supply of electricity is interrupted;
When supply of electricity to the automatic valve is cut off, the refrigerant liquid stored in the lower part of the evaporator is configured to flow into the dilute solution line through the communication pipe and the absorber. ;
The absorption heat pump according to claim 1. The solution pump has a housing that houses an electric motor that rotates an impeller, and is configured to introduce a part of the discharged fluid into the housing to cool the housing;
The dilution tube is configured to be connected to the solution pump to direct the dilute solution in the dilute solution line into the housing;
The absorption heat pump according to claim 1 or 2. The solution pump has a housing that houses an electric motor that rotates an impeller, and is configured to introduce a part of the discharged fluid into the housing to cool the housing;
A solution pump dilution pipe for guiding the refrigerant liquid stored in the lower part of the evaporator into the housing;
The absorption heat pump according to claim 2. A condenser for introducing and cooling the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator to cool and condense;
A bleed passage for extracting non-condensable gas present in the condenser from the condenser;
An extraction tank for collecting the non-condensable gas extracted through the extraction passage;
An extraction solution channel for guiding the concentrated solution derived from the regenerator to the extraction tank;
A return solution flow path for guiding the absorbing solution in the extraction tank to the regenerator;
A dilute solution bleed dilution pipe that guides the dilute solution flowing through the dilute solution line to the bleed tank;
By transporting the concentrated solution to the extraction tank through the extraction solution flow path, the non-condensable gas is extracted from the condenser to the extraction tank through the extraction flow path;
The absorption heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A condenser for introducing and cooling the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator to cool and condense;
A bleed passage for extracting non-condensable gas present in the condenser from the condenser;
An extraction tank for collecting the non-condensable gas extracted through the extraction passage;
An extraction solution channel for guiding the concentrated solution derived from the regenerator to the extraction tank;
A return solution flow path for guiding the absorbing solution in the extraction tank to the regenerator;
A refrigerant liquid extraction dilution pipe for introducing the refrigerant liquid stored in the lower part of the evaporator to the extraction tank;
By transporting the concentrated solution to the extraction tank through the extraction solution flow path, the non-condensable gas is extracted from the condenser to the extraction tank through the extraction flow path;
The absorption heat pump according to claim 2 or 4. The flow direction of the fluid flowing in the reverse direction is a reverse flow restricting means provided in the concentrated solution line on the discharge side of the solution pump, where the flow direction of the concentrated solution discharged by the solution pump is a forward direction. Comprising a backflow limiting means to limit the flow rate to a level that does not damage the pump;
The absorption heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A solution heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution line and the diluted solution in the diluted solution line, wherein the introduced concentrated solution and the diluted solution are stored in a lower part of the regenerator. A solution heat exchanger provided so as to be positioned higher than the liquid level when the concentrated solution is stopped;
The absorption heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A solution heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution line and the diluted solution in the diluted solution line;
The dilution pipe is connected to communicate the dilute solution line upstream of the solution heat exchanger and the concentrated solution line downstream of the solution heat exchanger;
The absorption heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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