JP2009520595A - 燃料ガスから二酸化炭素を捕集する方法およびシステム - Google Patents
燃料ガスから二酸化炭素を捕集する方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 48
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005092 sublimation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012223 aqueous fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WMIYKQLTONQJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/06—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
- F25J3/063—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/066—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
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- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/22—Carbon dioxide
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- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/80—Separating impurities from carbon dioxide, e.g. H2O or water-soluble contaminants
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
a)凝縮によって燃料ガス中に存在する水分のフラクションを除去するために、燃料ガスを冷却する第一冷却工程;
b)残留水分を除去するために、燃料ガスを脱水する脱水工程;
c)二酸化炭素が逆昇華によって気体状態から固体状態に直接至るような温度になるように、熱交換によって燃料ガスを冷却する第二冷却工程;
d)燃料ガスを除去した後、固化した二酸化炭素を密閉容器内で、液相が現れる三重点まで加熱する加熱工程;および
e)液体および/または気体の二酸化炭素を、熱的に絶縁されたタンクにくみ出すまたはポンプで排出する排出工程;
を含み、
回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションをリサイクルして大気圧まで膨張させた後、先に脱水工程より供給された燃料ガスと混合するために、連続的にまたは断続的に、第二冷却工程において再投入することを特徴とする方法によって達成される。
a)凝縮によって燃料ガス中に存在する水分のフラクションを除去するための、少なくとも1つの熱交換器を含む、燃料ガスを冷却するための第一冷却手段;
b)燃料ガス脱水手段;
c)燃料ガスを、燃料ガス中に存在する二酸化炭素の逆昇華が起こる温度にするための少なくとも1つの熱交換器を含む、燃料ガスを冷却するための第二冷却手段;
d)固化した二酸化炭素を融解させるための、密閉容器中で固化した二酸化炭素を加熱するための加熱手段;および
e)液体および/または気体の二酸化炭素を、熱的に絶縁されたタンクにくみ出すまたはポンプで排出する手段
を含み、
回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを大気圧まで膨張させ、前記第二燃料ガス冷却手段において、燃料ガスに、当該二酸化炭素のフラクションを再投入するための膨張手段をさらに含むことを特徴とする。当該システムは、好ましくは、燃料ガスに、当該回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを、固体微粒子の形態で再投入するための手段をさらに含む。
図2は、図1のシステムに組込むのに適した、固化/融解による脱水のためのユニットの原理を示す詳細図である。
図3は、ループを1つ用いた場合とループを2つ用いた場合とで冷却ループの大きさを比較する概略図である。
図4は、温度と圧力の関数として種々の化合物の気体−液体平衡曲線をプロットしたグラフである。
図5は、本発明の捕集方法においてCO2がどのように変化するかを示す、CO2の圧力−温度のダイアグラムである。
1:予備冷却器110の入口のパイプ101;
2:冷却器120の入口パイプ;
3:脱水器130の入口パイプ125;
4:脱水器130の出口パイプ135;
5:熱交換器134の入口の非凝縮ガス輸送パイプ;
6:熱交換器112の入口の非凝縮ガス輸送パイプ;
7:熱交換器112の出口114の非凝縮ガス除去パイプ
Claims (25)
- 燃料ガス中に存在する二酸化炭素を捕集する方法であって、
a)凝縮によって燃料ガス中に存在する水分のフラクションを除去するために、燃料ガスを冷却する第一冷却工程;
b)残留水分を除去するために、燃料ガスを脱水する脱水工程;
c)二酸化炭素が逆昇華によって気体状態から固体状態に直接至るような温度になるように、熱交換によって燃料ガスを冷却する第二冷却工程;
d)燃料ガスを除去した後、固化した二酸化炭素を密閉容器内で、液相が現れる三重点まで加熱する加熱工程;および
e)液体および/または気体の二酸化炭素を、熱的に絶縁されたタンクにくみ出すまたはポンプで排出する排出工程;
を含み、
回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションをリサイクルして大気圧まで膨張させた後、先に脱水工程より供給された燃料ガスと混合するために、連続的にまたは断続的に、第二冷却工程において再投入することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記回収してリサイクルされる液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを、前記第二冷却工程において、固体微粒子の形態で再投入する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記回収してリサイクルされる液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを、前記第二冷却工程において、熱交換器内に投入する請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記第一冷却工程の前に、燃料ガスの予備冷却工程をさらに含み、当該予備冷却工程は、第一冷却工程と燃料ガス脱水工程において回収された液体の水分を含む流体、および前記第二冷却工程後に回収される燃料ガスからの非凝結化合物の少なくとも1種との熱交換によって行われる請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガスの第一冷却工程、前記燃料ガスの脱水工程、および前記燃料ガスの第二冷却工程が、再ガス化のためのメタンターミナルに存在し、冷熱源として用いられる液化天然ガスとの熱交換によって機能する冷却ループを介して、燃料ガスとの熱交換を利用する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガスの第一冷却工程および前記燃料ガスの脱水工程が、グリコール含有水を用いる少なくとも1つの冷却ループを介した燃料ガスとの熱交換によって行われる請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガスの第二冷却工程が、メタンまたは窒素を用いる少なくとも1つの冷却ループを介した燃料ガスとの熱交換を利用する請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガスの第二冷却工程が、エチレンまたはエタンを用いる少なくとも1つの追加の冷却ループを介した燃料ガスとの熱交換を利用する請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガス脱水工程が、前記第二冷却工程の後に回収される燃料ガスの、非凝結化合物と熱交換する工程を含む請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料ガス脱水工程は、熱交換器の壁面で水分を固化させるために燃料ガスを冷却する工程と、水分を液体の形態で回収できるように、固化した水分を加熱する工程とを、不連続的に交互に行う請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 固化した水分の存在する燃料ガスを冷却する工程において、燃料ガスを冷却する前に、燃料ガスとの熱交換によって、固化した水分を加熱する請求項10に記載の方法。
- 二酸化炭素の逆昇華を起こすための燃料ガスの第二冷却工程、および固化した二酸化炭素を加熱する工程を、不連続的に交互に行う請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 液相の現れる三重点まで固化した二酸化炭素を加熱する工程が、第二冷却工程において燃料ガスの冷却前に、燃料ガスと熱交換して行われる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 逆昇華、および酸化硫黄の液相が現れる三重点まで再加熱することによって、燃料ガスに含まれる酸化硫黄を回収する工程をさらに含む請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 燃料ガス中に存在する二酸化炭素を捕集するためのシステムであって、当該システムは、
a)凝縮によって燃料ガス中に存在する水分のフラクションを除去するための、少なくとも1つの熱交換器(122)を含む、燃料ガスを冷却するための第一冷却手段(110,120);
b)燃料ガス脱水手段(130);
c)燃料ガスを、燃料ガス中に存在する二酸化炭素の逆昇華が起こる温度にするための少なくとも1つの熱交換器(143)を含む、燃料ガスを冷却するための第二冷却手段(140);
d)固化した二酸化炭素を融解させるための、密閉容器中で固化した二酸化炭素を加熱するための加熱手段(141,142);および
e)液体および/または気体の二酸化炭素を、熱的に絶縁されたタンク(150)にくみ出すまたはポンプで排出する手段(144)
を含み、
回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを大気圧まで膨張させ、前記第二燃料ガス冷却手段(140)において、燃料ガスに、当該二酸化炭素のフラクションを再投入するための膨張手段(152,153)をさらに含むことを特徴とするシステム。 - 燃料ガスに、前記回収した液体の二酸化炭素のフラクションを、固体微粒子の形態で再投入するための手段を含む請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記第一冷却手段は、前記第一冷却手段(120)または前記燃料ガス脱水手段(130)において回収された液体の水分を含む流体および前記第二冷却手段(144)の入口において回収される燃料ガスの非凝結化合物の少なくとも1種と燃料ガスとの熱交換器(111,112)を含む請求項15または16に記載のシステム。
- まず、再ガス化処理される液化天然ガスとの熱交換のためのメタンターミナル内にある熱交換器(204,205)内を流れ、次に、燃料ガスとの熱交換のために、前記第一冷却手段(120)、前記脱水手段(130)、および二酸化炭素の捕集を起こす前記第二冷却手段(140)のうちの少なくとも1つの手段内に配置された熱交換器(122,133,143)内を流れる熱伝導流体を用いる冷却ループ(210,220)を含む請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 熱伝導流体としてグリコール含有水を用いる冷却ループであって、前記第一冷却手段(120)または前記脱水手段(130)内に配置された少なくとも1つの熱交換器(122,133)を含む冷却ループ(210)を少なくとも1つ含む請求項18に記載のシステム。
- 熱伝導流体としてメタンまたは窒素を用いる冷却ループであって、前記第二冷却手段(140)内に配置された少なくとも1つの熱交換器を含む冷却ループ(220)を少なくとも1つ含む請求項18または19に記載のシステム。
- 熱伝導流体としてエチレンまたはエタンを用いる冷却ループであって、第二冷却手段(140)内に配置された少なくとも1つの熱交換器を含む冷却ループをさらに少なくとも1つ含む請求項20に記載のシステム。
- 前記第二冷却手段(140)の出口で燃料ガスから非凝結化合物を回収するための手段(145)、および前記燃料ガス脱水手段(130)の少なくとも1つと熱交換するための手段(134)を含む請求項15〜21のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記燃料ガス脱水手段(130)が、熱交換器(133,134)を備えかつ不連続的に燃料ガスを収容できる第一の容器(131)および第二の容器(132)を少なくとも有し、当該容器のそれぞれが交互に、燃料ガスを冷却して燃料ガスに含まれる水分を対応する容器の壁面上に固化させるよう、また、水分を液体の形態で回収できるように固化した水分を加熱するように動作できるものである請求項15〜22のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 前記第二燃料ガス冷却手段(140)および前記加熱手段は、熱交換器(143)を備えかつ不連続的に燃料ガスを収容できる第一の容器(141)および第二の容器(142)を少なくとも有し、当該容器のそれぞれが交互に、燃料ガスを冷却して逆昇華によって対応する容器の壁面上に二酸化炭素を堆積させ、また、固化した二酸化炭素を融解させるために固化した二酸化炭素を加熱するものである請求項15〜23のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
- 密閉容器内にある前記加熱手段(141,142)から酸化硫黄を回収するための手段(155)をさらに有する請求項15〜24のいずれか1項に記載のシステム。
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2006
- 2006-12-20 US US12/158,523 patent/US20080302133A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-20 KR KR1020087015219A patent/KR20080085148A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-12-20 AT AT06847190T patent/ATE466637T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-20 JP JP2008546556A patent/JP4971356B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-20 WO PCT/FR2006/051400 patent/WO2007074294A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-12-20 ES ES06847190T patent/ES2345278T3/es active Active
- 2006-12-20 DE DE602006014211T patent/DE602006014211D1/de active Active
- 2006-12-20 PL PL06847190T patent/PL1979072T3/pl unknown
- 2006-12-20 PT PT06847190T patent/PT1979072E/pt unknown
- 2006-12-20 EP EP06847190A patent/EP1979072B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
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2007
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20130032382A (ko) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-04-01 | 유니온 엔지니어링 아/에스 | 발효 공정으로부터 이산화탄소의 고압 회수 방법 |
JP2013536142A (ja) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-09-19 | ユニオン・エンジニアリング・エー/エス | 発酵工程からの二酸化炭素の高圧回収 |
US9851143B2 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2017-12-26 | Union Engineering A/S | High pressure recovery of carbon dioxide from a fermentation process |
KR101996972B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-02 | 2019-07-05 | 유니온 엔지니어링 아/에스 | 발효 공정으로부터 이산화탄소의 고압 회수 방법 |
US11397049B2 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2022-07-26 | Union Engineering A/S | High pressure recovery of carbon dioxide from a fermentation process |
JPWO2021221007A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-01 | 2021-11-04 | ||
WO2021221007A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-01 | 2021-11-04 | 東邦瓦斯株式会社 | 二酸化炭素回収装置 |
JP7203401B2 (ja) | 2020-05-01 | 2023-01-13 | 東邦瓦斯株式会社 | 二酸化炭素回収装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602006014211D1 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
ES2345278T3 (es) | 2010-09-20 |
FR2894838A1 (fr) | 2007-06-22 |
EP1979072B1 (fr) | 2010-05-05 |
PT1979072E (pt) | 2010-08-04 |
WO2007074294A3 (fr) | 2007-08-16 |
EP1979072A2 (fr) | 2008-10-15 |
FR2894838B1 (fr) | 2008-03-14 |
PL1979072T3 (pl) | 2010-10-29 |
JP4971356B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
DE602007007687D1 (de) | 2010-08-26 |
KR20080085148A (ko) | 2008-09-23 |
ATE466637T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
US20080302133A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
WO2007074294A2 (fr) | 2007-07-05 |
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