JP2009299936A - Absorption refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an absorption refrigerating machine capable of suppressing back flow of a solution with a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: In this absorption refrigerating machine 30 comprising an absorber 31 for absorbing refrigerant vapor Ve by the solution Sd to prepare a dilute solution Sw, a high temperature regenerator 32A preparing a thick solution Sa from the dilute solution Sw, a solution heat exchanger 37 exchanging heat between the dilute solution Sw and the thick solution Sa, a solution bypass flow channel 45B for preventing the solution Sw from flowing into the solution heat exchanger 37, and a control device 61 for controlling the flow of the solution Sw to allow the dilute solution Sw to flow into the solution bypass flow channel 45B in a diluting operation, the increase of a temperature of the dilute solution Sw flowing into the high temperature regenerator 32A can be suppressed in the diluting operation, thus a temperature and a pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A can be lowered, and the back flow of the solution Sa from the high temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31 can be suppressed. The solution bypass flow channel may prevent the thick solution Sa from flowing into the solution heat exchanger 37. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to an absorption refrigerator that suppresses the backflow of a solution.

  The absorption refrigerator cools the medium to be cooled by removing the latent heat of evaporation when the refrigerant absorbed in the absorption solution evaporates in the evaporator from the medium to be cooled. The absorbing solution that has absorbed the refrigerant is pumped from the low-pressure absorber to the high-pressure regenerator by a solution pump, heated and concentrated by the regenerator, regenerated to a concentration that can absorb the refrigerant vapor, and then returned to the absorber. Repeat cycle. When the absorption refrigerator is stopped from a steady operation (operation for cooling the medium to be cooled), a dilution operation is performed to avoid the absorption solution from crystallizing.

In general, the pressure of the regenerator is decreased by the dilution operation, but the dilution operation may be terminated while the pressure decrease of the regenerator is insufficient. If the pressure in the regenerator is too high, a large amount of absorbing solution flows from the regenerator into the absorber, and further flows into the evaporator adjacent to the absorber to contaminate the refrigerant. Inconvenience that it is not possible to exhibit. In order to avoid such inconvenience, a solution backflow prevention structure that moves the checker with an elastic member that expands when heated and contracts when cooled and circulates the solution during steady operation and prevents the solution from flowing after completion of the dilution operation. May be provided in the solution line (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP-A-11-94388 (FIGS. 1-6, etc.)

  However, when a device having a complicated mechanism such as the solution backflow prevention structure described in Patent Document 1 is installed, there is a problem that failure is likely to occur, and reliability is lowered.

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerator that suppresses the backflow of a solution with a simple configuration as much as possible.

  In order to achieve the above object, the absorption refrigerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve with the solution Sd and reduces the concentration of the solution Sd to the diluted solution Sw. A high-temperature regenerator 32A that is a concentrated solution Sa whose concentration has been increased by evaporating the refrigerant by introducing and heating the dilute solution Sw; and derived from the absorber 31 toward the high-temperature regenerator 32A. A solution heat exchanger 37 that performs heat exchange between the diluted solution Sw and the concentrated solution Sa led out from the high-temperature regenerator 32A toward the absorber 31; and to the solution heat exchanger 37 of the diluted solution Sw or concentrated solution Sa. Solution bypass passages 45B and 46B (see, for example, FIG. 4A), 46C (see, for example, FIG. 4C), and the solution bypass passage for diluting the solution Sw or the concentrated solution Sa during the dilution operation. 45B, 46B (eg (A) refer), 46C solution so as to flow into (e.g. FIG. 4 (c) refer) Sw, and a control unit 61 for controlling the flow of Sa.

  Here, “derived from the absorber toward the high temperature regenerator (from the high temperature regenerator to the absorber)” means that the solution derived from the absorber (high temperature regenerator) is the high temperature regenerator (absorber ) Or directly into the high temperature regenerator (absorber) via another part (for example, a medium temperature regenerator or a low temperature regenerator whose operating temperature is lower than that of the high temperature regenerator). Including.

  With this configuration, the flow of the solution is controlled so that the dilute solution or the concentrated solution flows into the solution bypass channel during the dilution operation, so that the temperature of the dilute solution flowing into the high-temperature regenerator can be increased during the dilution operation. Can be suppressed. By suppressing the rise of the temperature of the dilute solution flowing into the high temperature regenerator, the temperature inside the high temperature regenerator can be lowered, the internal pressure of the high temperature regenerator can be lowered, and the absorber from the high temperature regenerator The backflow of the solution to the can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd aspect of this invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the absorption refrigerator 30 which concerns on the said 1st aspect of the said invention, the solution Sw and the high temperature which absorbed the refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam Ve. A regenerator 32M having a lower operating temperature than the high temperature regenerator 32A, which introduces the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated in the regenerator 32A and increases the concentration of the solution Sw introduced by the heat of the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va; A condenser 33 that cools and condenses the refrigerant; and a high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass flow path 57B that directly guides the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high-temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31 or the condenser 33; The flow of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is controlled so that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is led to the absorber 31 or the condenser 33 via the high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass flow path 57B. Here, “directly lead” means main components of the absorption chiller (absorbers, regenerators (including each regenerator in the case of multiple effects), condensers and evaporators necessary for operating the refrigeration cycle) It is to lead to the target part without going through other parts (for example, an intermediate temperature regenerator or a low temperature regenerator whose operating temperature is lower than that of the high temperature regenerator).

  With this configuration, the flow of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor is controlled so that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated by the residual heat is led to the absorber or the condenser via the high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass channel during the dilution operation. The heat of the high temperature regenerator can be dissipated from the absorber or condenser via steam. By dissipating the heat of the high-temperature regenerator from the absorber or condenser, the temperature in the high-temperature regenerator can be reduced, the internal pressure of the high-temperature regenerator can be reduced, and the high-temperature regenerator to the absorber The backflow of the solution can be suppressed.

  Moreover, as an absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 3rd aspect of this invention, as shown, for example in FIG.1, FIG.4 (b), FIG.4 (c), in the said 1st aspect or the 2nd aspect of the said invention, In the absorption refrigerator 30, a concentrated solution channel 46 that flows the concentrated solution Sa led out from the high-temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A toward the absorber 31; and a concentrated solution channel 46 that is disposed in the concentrated solution channel 46 and flows through the concentrated solution channel 46. A flow rate adjusting means 75 for adjusting the flow rate of the concentrated solution Sa; a flow rate adjusting bypass flow path 76 (see FIG. 4B) for avoiding the flow of the concentrated solution Sa into the flow rate adjusting means 75, 46C (FIG. 4C). The control device 61 controls the flow rate of the concentrated solution Sa so that the concentrated solution Sa flows through the flow rate adjustment bypass flow path 76 (see FIG. 4B) and 46C (see FIG. 4C) during the dilution operation. It is good also as controlling a flow. Typically, the concentrated solution Sa is not flowed to the flow control bypass flow path 76 during steady operation, and the concentrated solution Sa is flowed to the flow control bypass flow paths 76 and 46C during dilution operation.

  With this configuration, the concentrated solution flows through the flow rate control bypass flow path in addition to the flow rate control means during the dilution operation, and the circulation amount of the solution increases, and the temperature and pressure in the high temperature regenerator decrease. Can be promoted.

  According to the present invention, since the flow of the solution is controlled so that the dilute solution or the concentrated solution flows into the solution bypass channel during the dilution operation, the temperature of the dilute solution flowing into the high-temperature regenerator can be increased during the dilution operation. This can reduce the temperature in the high-temperature regenerator, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the high-temperature regenerator, and suppressing the backflow of the solution from the high-temperature regenerator to the absorber. Can do.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar members are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  First, with reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the absorption refrigerator 30 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 30. The absorption refrigerator 30 is a triple effect absorption refrigerator, and an evaporator 34 that cools the cold water p by evaporating the refrigerant liquid Vf with the heat of the cold water p as a medium to be cooled to generate the refrigerant vapor Ve, and evaporation. An absorber 31 that absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the vessel 34 with the mixed concentrated solution Sd and a dilute solution Sw that has absorbed the refrigerant vapor Ve and has a reduced concentration by the absorber 31 are introduced, and the dilute solution Sw is heated to generate a refrigerant. The high-temperature regenerator 32A that generates a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa having an increased concentration by evaporating the dilute solution and the dilute solution Sw is introduced from the absorber 31, and the dilute solution Sw is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated in the high-temperature regenerator 32A. The intermediate temperature regenerator 32M that generates a medium temperature concentrated solution Sm whose concentration has been increased by evaporating the refrigerant, and the dilute solution Sw is introduced from the absorber 31, and the dilute solution is mainly generated by the medium temperature refrigerant vapor Vm generated by the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. Heat Sw A low-temperature regenerator 32B that generates a low-temperature concentrated solution Sb whose concentration has increased by evaporating the refrigerant, and a low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb evaporated from the dilute solution Sw in the low-temperature regenerator 32B is cooled and condensed, and is sent to the evaporator 34 The condenser 33 which produces | generates the liquid Vf, and the control apparatus 61 which controls the absorption refrigerator 30 are provided. The medium temperature regenerator 32M has a lower operating temperature than the high temperature regenerator 32A, and the low temperature regenerator 32B has a lower operating temperature than the medium temperature regenerator 32M. The refrigerant and the solution used in the absorption refrigerator 30 typically use water as the refrigerant and lithium bromide (LiBr) as the solution, but not limited to this, other refrigerants and solutions (absorbents). You may use it in combination. In the following description, when the concentration of each solution (dilute solution Sw, high-temperature concentrated solution Sa, etc.) is not questioned, it is simply referred to as “solution S”.

  The evaporator 34 is provided with a cold water pipe 34a through which the cold water p to be cooled flows. The cold water pipe 34 a is connected to cold water utilization equipment (not shown) such as an air handling unit via a pipe 52. The evaporator 34 is provided with a refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b for spraying the refrigerant liquid Vf toward the cold water pipe 34a above the cold water pipe 34a. A storage part 34c for storing the introduced refrigerant liquid Vf is formed in the lower part of the evaporator 34.

  The absorber 31 is provided with a cooling water pipe 31a through which cooling water q that takes away the heat of absorption generated when the refrigerant vapor Ve is absorbed by the mixed concentrated solution Sd. The cooling water pipe 31a is connected to each other via a cooling water pipe 33a and a pipe 53 in the condenser 33, and a cooling tower (not shown) and a pipe 54, respectively. The absorber 31 is provided with a concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b for spraying the mixed concentrated solution Sd toward the cooling water pipe 31a above the cooling water pipe 31a. The concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b is typically made of a synthetic resin. In the absorber 31, a storage part 31c is formed below the cooling water pipe 31a to store the diluted solution Sw having a reduced concentration by absorbing the refrigerant vapor Ve.

  Both the absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 are formed in a shell and tube type in one can body, and a partition wall 31d is provided between them. The absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 communicate with each other at the upper part of the partition wall 31d, and the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 34 can be moved to the absorber 31. A circulating refrigerant pipe 51 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage part 34c to the upper refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b is disposed on the evaporator 34 side outside the can body. The circulating refrigerant pipe 51 is provided with a refrigerant pump 39 that pumps the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage section 34c to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b. A circulating refrigerant pipe 51 on the downstream side of the refrigerant pump 39 is connected to a diluted refrigerant pipe 44 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf to the diluted solution pipe 45 during the dilution operation.

  Connected to the bottom of the absorber 31 are a dilute solution tube 45 that guides the dilute solution Sw in the reservoir 31c to the high temperature regenerator 32A, and a dilute solution tube 55 that leads to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M and the low temperature regenerator 32B. The dilute solution tube 45 is provided with a high temperature solution pump 48 that pumps the dilute solution Sw to the high temperature regenerator 32A. The dilute solution pipe 55 is provided with an intermediate temperature solution pump 38 that pumps the dilute solution Sw to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M and the low temperature regenerator 32B. The high-temperature solution pump 48 and the intermediate-temperature solution pump 38 are typically configured so that the rotation speed can be adjusted by an inverter (not shown), and the dilute solution Sw having a flow rate corresponding to the refrigeration load is pumped. It is configured to be able to. That is, the high temperature solution pump 48 and the medium temperature solution pump 38 are configured such that the discharge flow rate can be adjusted. In addition to the intermediate temperature solution pump 38, a solution pump that pumps the diluted solution Sw from the absorber 31 to the low temperature regenerator 32B may be provided.

  A diluted refrigerant pipe 44 for introducing the refrigerant liquid Vf into the diluted solution pipe 45 during the dilution operation is connected to the diluted solution pipe 45 on the upstream side of the high temperature solution pump 48. The diluted refrigerant pipe 44 is provided with a diluted refrigerant valve 44v that can block the flow of the refrigerant liquid Vf. A high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 as a solution heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the dilute solution Sw and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa is disposed in the dilute solution pipe 45 on the downstream side of the high temperature solution pump 48. . Also connected to the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is a high temperature concentrated solution tube 46 as a high temperature concentrated solution flow path through which the high temperature concentrated solution Sa flows. The high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is typically a plate type heat exchanger, but may be a shell and tube type or other heat exchanger.

  The dilute solution pipe 45 is provided with a dilute solution bypass pipe 45B as a solution bypass channel connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 so as to bypass the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37. Yes. The dilute solution bypass pipe 45B is provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65 that can block the flow of the dilute solution Sw. The high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46 on the downstream side of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is provided with an orifice 75 as a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the flow rate of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa.

  The dilute solution tube 45 is connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A. A high temperature concentrated solution tube 46 is connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A. In addition, a refrigerant vapor pipe 57 for flowing the generated high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is connected to the high-temperature regenerator 32A. The refrigerant vapor pipe 57 near the high temperature regenerator 32A is provided with a pressure sensor 71 as pressure detection means for detecting the pressure inside the refrigerant vapor pipe 57. The vicinity of the high temperature regenerator 32A is typically close enough that the detected pressure can be estimated as the internal pressure of the high temperature regenerator 32A. That is, the pressure sensor 71 is disposed so as to be able to detect the internal pressure of the high temperature regenerator 32A substantially. The pressure sensor 71 may be provided directly on the high temperature regenerator 32A. The high temperature concentrated solution tube 46 between the high temperature regenerator 32A and the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is provided with a temperature sensor 72 as temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa derived from the high temperature regenerator 32A. It has been. Further, the high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46 on the downstream side of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is provided with a temperature sensor 73 as temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa flowing inside the high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46. ing. In FIG. 1, since the high temperature regenerator 32A is simply shown, the configuration of the high temperature regenerator 32A and the dilute solution pipe 45, the high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46, and the refrigerant vapor pipe 57 to the high temperature regenerator 32A will be described below. A specific connection position will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the high temperature regenerator 32A. The high-temperature regenerator 32A is a once-through regenerator, and includes a lower header 14 as a liquid chamber for introducing the dilute solution Sw, a plurality of liquid tubes 10 that flow the dilute solution Sw in the lower header 14 upward, An upper header 15 serving as a collection chamber for collecting the mixed fluid Fm of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa and the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va in the pipe 10 and a combustion gas for heating the dilute solution Sw in the liquid pipe 10 are generated. A burner 16 as a heating device, an outer container 13 for housing these members, a gas-liquid separator 22 for separating the hot concentrated solution Sa and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va, and a liquid level communicating with the gas-liquid separator 22 And a control case 24.

  The lower header 14 is a member that distributes the dilute solution Sw to the plurality of liquid tubes 10. The lower header 14 typically has an annular horizontal section and a rectangular vertical section. The horizontal cross section may be a polygonal shape other than a circle, or may be formed in a C shape without being connected in an annular shape. The vertical cross section may be a circle other than a rectangle or an ellipse. In addition, a refractory material 17 is filled in a hollow portion formed in the central portion of the lower header 14. Connected to the lower header 14 are a dilute solution tube 45 for introducing dilute solution Sw and a return tube 25 for introducing a hot concentrated solution Sa derived from the gas-liquid separator 22.

  In the lower header 14, a plurality of liquid tubes 10 are arranged substantially vertically. The liquid pipe 10 is substantially vertical means that the axis of the liquid pipe 10 is substantially vertical. The substantially vertical direction may be such that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated by evaporating from the dilute solution Sw by heating in the liquid pipe 10 is smoothly discharged together with the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. The plurality of liquid tubes 10 are disposed substantially equidistantly on a concentric circle with the lower header 14. A combustion chamber 20 for combusting fuel and generating combustion gas Gb is formed inside a plurality of liquid pipes 10 arranged substantially equidistantly on a concentric circle with the lower header 14.

  An upper header 15 is connected to the tops of the plurality of liquid tubes 10. Similar to the lower header 14, the upper header 15 typically has an annular horizontal section and a rectangular vertical section. Connected to the upper header 15 is a mixed fluid pipe 21 that guides the mixed fluid Fm of the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va to the gas-liquid separator 22. A burner 16 is disposed in a hollow portion formed at the center of the upper header 15. The burner 16 is configured to be able to ignite and stop by receiving a signal from the control device 61 (see FIG. 1).

  The outer container 13 has a gas seal structure that does not leak the combustion gas Gb generated in the combustion chamber 20 to the outside, and typically has a cylindrical shape. The outer container 13 is substantially concentric with the lower header 14 and the upper header 15 and has an inner diameter that allows the lower header 14 and the upper header 15 to be fitted therein. A flue 18 for discharging the combustion gas Gb is connected to the outer container 13.

  The gas-liquid separator 22 is typically formed in a cylindrical shape, but may be a quadrangular prism shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes. The gas-liquid separator 22 is disposed at a position close to the upper header 15 so that the longitudinal direction is in the vertical direction. The gas-liquid separator 22 is connected to the upper header 15 by a mixed fluid pipe 21. In the present embodiment, the upper end of the gas-liquid separator 22 is higher than the upper end of the upper header 15, and a mixed fluid in which the upper surface of the upper header 15 and the upper side surface of the gas-liquid separator 22 are bent by 90 °. The tube 21 is connected. In the gas-liquid separator 22, a baffle plate 22a is provided as a gas-liquid separation plate for separating the mixed fluid Fm introduced via the mixed fluid pipe 21 into the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. The baffle plate 22a is attached to the top plate of the gas-liquid separator 22 so that the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 22 is divided into two. In the space divided by the baffle plate 22a, the upper surface of the gas-liquid separator 22 in the region where the mixed fluid pipe 21 is not connected is formed with a high-temperature refrigerant vapor outlet 22e for extracting the separated high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va. The refrigerant vapor pipe 57 is connected to the high-temperature refrigerant vapor outlet 22e. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor outlet 22e may be formed on the upper side surface of the gas-liquid separator 22, but from the viewpoint of preventing the solution from entering the refrigerant vapor pipe 57, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor outlet 22e is located above the gas-liquid separator 22. It is preferable to be formed.

  Further, a hot concentrated solution outlet 22n through which the separated hot concentrated solution Sa is led out is formed at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 22, and a hot concentrated solution tube 46 is connected to the hot concentrated solution outlet 22n. . The hot concentrated solution outlet 22 n is typically formed on the bottom surface of the gas-liquid separator 22, but may be formed on the lower side surface of the gas-liquid separator 22. Further, a return pipe 25 for returning the surplus portion of the separated high-temperature concentrated solution Sa to the lower header 14 is connected to another part of the bottom surface of the gas-liquid separator 22. In the present embodiment, the lower header 14 and the gas-liquid separator 22 communicate with each other through the return pipe 25. When the lower header 14 and the gas-liquid separator 22 communicate with each other, the hot concentrated solution Sa stored in the gas-liquid separator 22 can be returned to the lower header 14, and the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 22 can be reduced. The amount of solution accompanying the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va derived from the gas-liquid separator 22 can be reduced by suppressing the rise.

  The gas-liquid separator 22 is connected to the liquid pipe 10 through the mixed fluid pipe 21 and the return pipe 25, and the upper header 15 and the lower header 14, and the liquid pipe 10 is in the liquid pipe 10 during the operation of the high temperature regenerator 32A. The liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 appears higher than the liquid level of the mixed fluid Fm. And from the viewpoint of preventing damage due to overheating of the liquid pipe 10, the inside of the gas-liquid separator 22 that appears according to the liquid level of the solution in the liquid pipe 10 (the solution that moves from the dilute solution Sw to the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa). The gas-liquid separator 22 is arranged so that the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa is higher than the damage prevention liquid level Lp, and the high liquid level Lt and the low liquid level Ls are set. Here, the damage prevention liquid level Lp is that the liquid pipe 10 is overheated by heating the liquid pipe 10 in a state where there is no solution (solution that moves from the dilute solution Sw to the hot concentrated solution Sa) in the liquid pipe 10. In order to prevent damage due to spillage, at least the liquid level that should be filled with the solution in the liquid tube 10 (the amount that the liquid level drops between the start of the high temperature regenerator 32A and the stoppage) The liquid level in the liquid pipe 10 set above is the liquid level that appears in the gas-liquid separator 22. The margin can be determined as appropriate. In the present embodiment, the high liquid level Lt is a liquid level at which a signal for reducing the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw supplied to the lower header 14 is transmitted to the high temperature solution pump 48 (see FIG. 1). In the present embodiment, the low liquid level Ls is a liquid level at which a signal for increasing the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw supplied to the lower header 14 is transmitted to the high temperature solution pump 48 (see FIG. 1).

  The liquid level control case 24 is typically formed in a cylindrical shape, but may have a quadrangular prism shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes. In the liquid level control case 24, there are a damage prevention electrode bar 23p for detecting the damage prevention liquid level Lp, a low liquid level electrode bar 23s for detecting the low liquid level Ls, and a high liquid level for detecting the high liquid level Lt. The electrode rod 23t is accommodated so as to extend in the vertical direction. Hereinafter, the damage preventing electrode bar 23p, the low liquid level electrode bar 23s, and the high liquid level electrode bar 23t may be collectively referred to as “liquid level detection electrode bar 23”. The liquid level detection electrode rods 23 are attached to the top plate of the liquid level control case 24, respectively. The lower end of the damage preventing electrode bar 23p is located at the damage preventing liquid level Lp. The lower end of the low liquid level electrode rod 23s is located at the low liquid level Ls. The lower end of the high liquid level electrode rod 23t is located at the high liquid level Lt. The liquid level control case 24 is also provided with a common electrode rod (not shown) that forms an electric circuit with the liquid level detection electrode rod 23 via the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa, if necessary. The description does not particularly refer to the common electrode rod. The liquid level detection electrode rod 23 is connected to the control device 61 (see FIG. 1) of the absorption refrigerator 30 (see FIG. 1) by a signal cable, and the high liquid level signal and the low liquid level signal of the gas-liquid separator 22 are connected. In addition, the damage prevention liquid level signal can be transmitted to the control device.

  The liquid level control case 24 that houses the liquid level detection electrode rod 23 has a lower end (lower surface) below the damage prevention liquid level Lp and an upper end (upper surface) at least above the upper end of the liquid pipe 10 and preferably an upper header. 15 is disposed so as to be located above the upper end of 15. The upper end of the liquid level control case 24 may be lower than the upper end of the gas-liquid separator 22. In this way, the liquid level control case 24 can be made compact. The upper surface of the liquid level control case 24 is connected to the upper side surface of the gas-liquid separator 22 by an upper communication pipe 29A. In the liquid level control case 24, a portion below the damage prevention liquid level Lp and the return pipe 25 are connected by a lower communication pipe 29C. The liquid level control case 24 is connected to the return pipe 25 by an intermediate communication pipe 29B disposed between the upper communication pipe 29A and the lower communication pipe 29C. As described above, the liquid level control case 24 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 22 or the return pipe 25 by the upper communication pipe 29A, the intermediate communication pipe 29B, and the lower communication pipe 29C. Thus, the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the liquid level of the solution in the liquid pipe 10 appear correctly in the liquid level control case 24. In this way, the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 can be controlled by changing the properties of the solution only by connecting the lower and upper parts of the gas-liquid separator 22 to the liquid level control case 24. The inconvenience of not appearing correctly in the case 24 is solved.

  Returning to FIG. 1 again, the description of the configuration of the absorption refrigerator 30 will be continued. A low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 that performs heat exchange between the dilute solution Sw and the mixed concentrated solution Sc is disposed in the dilute solution tube 55 on the downstream side of the intermediate temperature solution pump 38. The low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is also connected with a concentrated solution tube 56 for flowing the mixed concentrated solution Sc. The low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is typically a plate heat exchanger, but may be a shell and tube type or other heat exchanger.

  The dilute solution tube 55 is branched downstream of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 into a dilute solution tube 55A connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M and a dilute solution tube 55B connected to the low temperature regenerator 32B. The dilute solution tube 55A is provided with an intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 that performs heat exchange between the dilute solution Sw and the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm. The intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is also connected with an intermediate temperature concentrated solution tube 56A through which the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm flows. The medium temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is typically a plate type heat exchanger, but may be a shell and tube type or other heat exchanger.

  The intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is provided with a heating steam pipe 32Ma for flowing a high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va serving as a heating source for heating the dilute solution Sw. One end of the heating steam pipe 32Ma is connected to the refrigerant steam pipe 57. The other end is connected to the condensed refrigerant pipe 57D. The intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is provided with a dilute solution spray nozzle 32Mb for spraying the introduced dilute solution Sw toward the heating steam pipe 32Ma. The dilute solution spray nozzle 32Mb is connected to the dilute solution tube 55A. Connected to the bottom of the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is an intermediate temperature concentrated solution tube 56A through which the temperature increased intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm is passed. The medium temperature concentrated solution tube 56A is connected to the low temperature concentrated solution tube 56B via the medium temperature solution heat exchanger 35. Further, a refrigerant vapor pipe 58 through which the generated intermediate temperature refrigerant vapor Vm flows is connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. The above-described condensing refrigerant pipe 57D is connected to the refrigerant vapor pipe 58.

  The low temperature regenerator 32B is provided with a heating steam pipe 32Ba for flowing a mixed refrigerant vapor Vn serving as a heating source for heating the dilute solution Sw. One end of the heating steam pipe 32Ba is connected to the refrigerant steam pipe 58. The other end is connected to the condensed refrigerant pipe 59. The condensed refrigerant pipe 59 is a pipe that guides the refrigerant liquid Vd, in which the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn is condensed in the heating vapor pipe 32Ba, to the condenser 33. The low temperature regenerator 32B is provided with a dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb for spraying the introduced dilute solution Sw toward the heating steam pipe 32Ba. The dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb is connected to the dilute solution tube 55B.

  The condenser 33 is provided with a cooling water pipe 33a through which the cooling water q for cooling the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb generated in the low-temperature regenerator 32B flows. One end of the cooling water pipe 33a is connected to the cooling water pipe 31a in the absorber 31 via a pipe 53, and the other end is connected to a cooling tower (not shown) via a pipe 54.

  Both the condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B are formed in a shell and tube type in one can body, and a partition wall 33d is provided between them. The condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B communicate with each other at the upper part of the partition wall 33d, and the low temperature refrigerant vapor Vb generated in the low temperature regenerator 32B can be moved to the condenser 33. The can body in which the condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B are formed is disposed above the can body in which the absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 are formed, and the low temperature concentrated solution in the low temperature regenerator 32B. Sb can be sent to the absorber 31 and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the condenser 33 can be sent to the evaporator 34 by gravity, respectively.

  Connected to the bottom of the low temperature regenerator 32B is a low temperature concentrated solution pipe 56B through which the low temperature concentrated solution Sb having an increased concentration passes. A medium temperature concentrated solution tube 56A is connected to the low temperature concentrated solution tube 56B to form a concentrated solution tube 56. The concentrated solution tube 56 is connected to the concentrated solution tube 86 via the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. The concentrated solution tube 86 is connected to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b. Connected to the bottom of the condenser 33 is a refrigerant liquid pipe 60 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf toward the evaporator 34. The refrigerant liquid Vf is a refrigerant liquid in which the refrigerant liquid Vc in which the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb is condensed and the refrigerant liquid Vd in which the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn is condensed in the heating vapor pipe 32Ba and cooled in the condenser 33 are mixed.

  One end of a refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B as a high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass flow path is connected to the refrigerant vapor pipe 57 that guides the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high-temperature regenerator 32A to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. The refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B is branched into a refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba and a refrigerant vapor condenser bypass pipe 57Bc. The refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba and the refrigerant vapor condenser bypass pipe 57Bc are also part of the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B. The refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba is connected to the gas phase part of the absorber 31 (typically above the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b), and allows the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va to flow into the gas phase part of the absorber 31. It is configured to be able to. The refrigerant vapor condenser bypass pipe 57Bc is connected to the gas phase part of the condenser 33 (typically above the cooling water pipe 33a), and allows the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va to flow into the gas phase part of the condenser 33. It is configured to be able to. The refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba is provided with a refrigerant vapor bypass valve 67 that can block the flow of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va. The refrigerant vapor condenser bypass pipe 57Bc is provided with a refrigerant vapor bypass valve 68 that can block the flow of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va.

  The control device 61 is connected to the dilute solution bypass valve 65, the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 67, and the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 68 through signal cables. Thus, the control device 61 transmits a signal to each of the valves 65, 67, 68, and the valves 65, 67, 68 that have received the signal from the control device 61 perform the opening / closing operation of the valve according to the signal. It is configured. The control device 61 is connected to the pressure sensor 71, the temperature sensor 72, and the temperature sensor 73 through signal cables, respectively, and is configured to receive the pressure or temperature detected by each sensor 71, 72, 73 as a signal. Has been.

  The control device 61 receives the high liquid level signal from the high liquid level electrode rod 23t (see FIG. 2), so that the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 (see FIG. 2) becomes the high liquid level Lt. Is detected, a signal is transmitted to the high temperature solution pump 48 to reduce the rotational speed (rpm). Further, the control device 61 receives the low liquid level signal from the low liquid level electrode rod 23s (see FIG. 2), so that the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 (see FIG. 2) is low. When it is detected that the position Ls has been reached, a signal is transmitted to the high temperature solution pump 48 to increase the rotation speed (rpm). Further, the control device 61 receives the damage prevention liquid level signal from the damage prevention electrode bar 23p (see FIG. 2), whereby the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 (see FIG. 2) is returned to the return pipe. When it is detected that the liquid has fallen to the damage prevention liquid level Lp in 25, a signal is transmitted to the burner 16 (see FIG. 2) to stop the combustion in the burner 16 (see FIG. 2), and the liquid pipe 10 (see FIG. 2). (Refer to the above). Further, the control device 61 adjusts the rotation speed (rpm) of the high temperature solution pump 48 and the intermediate temperature solution pump 38 according to the operation load of the absorption refrigerator 30, and starts and stops the refrigerant pump 39, etc. Control driving. The operation of the cooling water q flowing through the cooling water pipes 31a, 33a, 53, and 54 is controlled by a control panel (not shown) as a second control device, and a cooling water pump (not shown) provided outside the absorption chiller 30 is used. It is configured to flow upon activation of (shown). The control device 61 and a control panel (not shown) may be connected by a signal cable so that the control device 61 can transmit a start signal of a cooling water pump (not shown) to the control panel (not shown).

  The operation of the absorption refrigerator 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the refrigerant cycle of the absorption refrigerator 30 during steady operation will be described. During steady operation, the diluted refrigerant valve 44v, the diluted solution bypass valve 65, and the refrigerant vapor bypass valves 67 and 68 are closed. In the condenser 33, the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb evaporated in the low-temperature regenerator 32B is received, cooled and condensed by the cooling water q supplied from the cooling tower (not shown) and flowing through the cooling water pipe 33a, and the refrigerant liquid Vc. To do. The condensed refrigerant liquid Vc is mixed with the refrigerant liquid Vd to be sent to the evaporator 34 as the refrigerant liquid Vf, and stored in the storage section 34c as the refrigerant liquid Vf. The refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage part 34c is sent to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b by the refrigerant pump 39. When the refrigerant liquid Vf of the evaporator 34 is sprayed from the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b to the cold water pipe 34a, the refrigerant liquid Vf receives heat from the cold water p in the cold water pipe 34a and evaporates, while the cold water p is cooled. The chilled cold water p is sent to a place (not shown) that uses cold heat for use. On the other hand, the refrigerant liquid Vf evaporated by the evaporator 34 becomes the refrigerant vapor Ve and moves to the absorber 31 in communication.

  Next, the solution-side cycle of the absorption refrigerator 30 during steady operation will be described. In the absorber 31, the high concentration mixed concentrated solution Sd is sprayed from the concentrated solution spraying nozzle 31b, and the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 34 is absorbed by the mixed concentrated solution Sd to become a diluted solution Sw. The dilute solution Sw is stored in the storage unit 31c. Absorption heat generated when the mixed concentrated solution Sd absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve is removed by the cooling water q flowing through the cooling water pipe 31a. The dilute solution Sw in the reservoir 31c is pumped to the high temperature regenerator 32A by the high temperature solution pump 48 and to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M and the low temperature regenerator 32B by the intermediate temperature solution pump 38, respectively. In addition, it is good also as a structure which circulates the solution collected in the storage part 31c with a solution circulation pump (not shown), and sprays it on the cooling water pipe 31a. If it does in this way, the cooling water pipe | tube 31a can be fully wetted with a solution, and the bias | inclination of the solution which contacts the cooling water pipe | tube 31a can be prevented. Moreover, you may comprise so that the intermediate temperature solution pump 38 may serve as a solution circulation pump. In this case, a pipe may be branched from the dilute solution pipe 55 between the intermediate temperature solution pump 38 and the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and connected to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b.

  The dilute solution Sw that is pumped by the high temperature solution pump 48 and flows through the dilute solution tube 45 is heat regenerated after the temperature is increased by heat exchange with the high temperature concentrated solution Sa derived from the high temperature regenerator 32A by the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37. Introduced into the vessel 32A. The dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 45 and introduced into the high temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A flows into the lower header 14. The dilute solution Sw that has flowed into the lower header 14 reaches the lower portion of each liquid tube 10, rises in the plurality of liquid tubes 10 by the pressure of the high-temperature solution pump 48, and moves toward the upper header 15. The dilute solution Sw is heated by the flame of the burner 16 and the combustion gas Gb in the process of ascending each liquid pipe 10, and the refrigerant evaporates to generate the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va. The concentration of the solution itself increases and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. The high-temperature concentrated solution Sa and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va whose concentration is increased from the dilute solution Sw are collected as flowing into the upper header 15 from each liquid pipe 10 as the mixed fluid Fm, and are separated into gas and liquid via the mixed fluid pipe 21. Into the vessel 22.

  The mixed fluid Fm that has flowed into the gas-liquid separator 22 is separated into the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa when it is guided to the surface of the baffle plate 22a and flows downward after colliding with the baffle plate 22a. Va reverses the lower end of the baffle plate 22a and moves upward, and the hot concentrated solution Sa accumulates in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 22. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va that has moved above the gas-liquid separator 22 is derived from the high-temperature refrigerant vapor outlet 22e, and flows through the refrigerant vapor pipe 57 toward the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. On the other hand, the hot concentrated solution Sa accumulated in the lower portion of the gas-liquid separator 22 is led out from the hot concentrated solution outlet 22n and flows through the hot concentrated solution tube 46 toward the absorber 31. Further, the excess of the hot concentrated solution Sa accumulated in the lower part of the gas-liquid separator 22 flows through the return pipe 25 and returns to the lower header 14.

  During steady operation of the absorption refrigerator 30, the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw flowing into the lower header 14 is adjusted based on the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22. When the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 22 rises to the detection liquid level of the high liquid level electrode rod 23t, the high liquid level electrode rod 23t transmits a signal to rotate the rotation speed (rpm) of the high temperature solution pump 48 by a predetermined rotation. The liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 22 is lowered by reducing the supply amount of the dilute solution Sw. Here, the “predetermined rotational speed” typically suppresses an increase in the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 so that the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 can be maintained at an appropriate amount. The number of revolutions. Immediately after the detection, the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 may be decreased, and then the liquid level may be maintained at an appropriate position in the gas-liquid separator 22.

  On the other hand, when the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 22 falls to the detection liquid level of the low liquid level electrode rod 23s, the low liquid level electrode rod 23s transmits a signal to set the rotation speed (rpm) of the high temperature solution pump 48 to a predetermined value. , Thereby increasing the supply amount of the dilute solution Sw and raising the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 22. Here, the “predetermined rotational speed” typically suppresses the decrease in the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 so that the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 can be maintained at an appropriate amount. The number of revolutions. Immediately after detection, the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 may be increased, and then the liquid level may be maintained at an appropriate position in the gas-liquid separator 22. When the liquid level of the hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 22 is lowered to the damage prevention liquid level Lp, the damage prevention electrode bar 23p transmits a signal to stop the burner 16 from burning.

  The high-temperature concentrated solution Sa that is led out from the high-temperature regenerator 32A and flows through the high-temperature concentrated solution tube 46 is guided to the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37 to exchange heat with the dilute solution Sw toward the high-temperature regenerator 32A, and the temperature decreases. On the other hand, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va derived from the high-temperature regenerator 32A and flowing through the refrigerant vapor pipe 57 flows into the heating vapor pipe 32Ma of the intermediate-temperature regenerator 32M.

  Turning now to the operation around the low temperature regenerator 21B and the medium temperature regenerator 32M, the dilute solution Sw that is pumped by the medium temperature solution pump 38 and flows through the dilute solution tube 55 is first mixed with the concentrated solution by the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. After heat recovery by exchanging heat with Sc, the flow is divided and a part flows through the dilute solution pipe 55A and is led to the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35, and the rest flows through the dilute solution pipe 55B to the low temperature regenerator 32B. It is burned. The dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 55A and flowing into the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 heat-exchanges with the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm derived from the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M to rise in temperature, and then flows through the dilute solution tube 55A. It is introduced into the medium temperature regenerator 32M.

  The dilute solution Sw guided to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Mb. The dilute solution Sw sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Mb is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flowing through the heating steam pipe 32Ma, and the refrigerant in the dilute solution Sw in the intermediate-temperature regenerator 32M evaporates to become the intermediate-temperature concentrated solution Sm. . The medium-temperature concentrated solution Sm whose temperature has been increased by receiving heat from the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is led out to the medium-temperature concentrated solution tube 56A by gravity and the pressure in the medium temperature regenerator 32M. On the other hand, the refrigerant evaporated from the dilute solution Sw flows through the refrigerant vapor pipe 58 as the medium temperature refrigerant vapor Vm. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flowing through the heated vapor pipe 32Ma is deprived of heat by the dilute solution Sw to be condensed into a refrigerant liquid, flows into the refrigerant vapor pipe 58 via the condensed refrigerant pipe 57D, and is mixed with the intermediate-temperature refrigerant vapor Vm. . The intermediate temperature refrigerant vapor Vm flowing through the refrigerant vapor pipe 58 is mixed with the refrigerant liquid to become the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn, and is sent to the heating vapor pipe 32Ba of the low temperature regenerator 32B.

  On the other hand, the dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 55B and guided to the low temperature regenerator 32B is sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb. The dilute solution Sw sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb is heated by the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn flowing through the heating steam pipe 32Ba, and the refrigerant in the dilute solution Sw in the low temperature regenerator 32B evaporates to become the low temperature concentrated solution Sb. . On the other hand, the refrigerant evaporated from the dilute solution Sw is sent to the condenser 33 as the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb. The low-temperature concentrated solution Sb whose temperature has been increased by receiving heat from the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn is led out to the low-temperature concentrated solution tube 56B by the pressure and gravity in the low-temperature regenerator 32B. Note that the mixed refrigerant vapor Vn flowing through the heating vapor pipe 32Ba is deprived of heat by the dilute solution Sw and condensed into the refrigerant liquid Vd, flows through the condensed refrigerant pipe 59, and is introduced into the condenser 33.

  The low temperature concentrated solution Sb derived from the low temperature regenerator 32B and flowing through the low temperature concentrated solution tube 56B is merged with the medium temperature concentrated solution Sm derived from the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and flowing through the intermediate temperature concentrated solution tube 56A. It becomes the solution Sc and flows through the concentrated solution tube 56. Thereafter, the mixed concentrated solution Sc flows into the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and exchanges heat with the dilute solution Sw derived from the absorber 31, and the temperature decreases. The mixed concentrated solution Sc whose temperature has been reduced is mixed with the high temperature concentrated solution Sa whose temperature has been reduced by performing heat exchange in the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 to become a mixed concentrated solution Sd. The mixed concentrated solution Sd is guided to the absorber 31 and sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b toward the cooling water pipe 31a. Thereafter, the same cycle is repeated.

  When the absorption refrigerator 30 acting as described above immediately stops the flow of the solution S when the operation of the absorption refrigerator 30 is stopped, the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa having a high concentration remains in the high-temperature regenerator 32A with the same concentration. When the temperature decreases after the operation of the absorption refrigerator 30 is stopped in this state, the high concentration portion crystallizes, and the solution S flows when the absorption refrigerator 30 is operated again. Inconvenience that it may disappear may occur. In order to avoid such inconvenience, a dilution operation in which the solution S is circulated and diluted when the operation is stopped is performed. If this dilution operation is insufficient, the high temperature concentrated solution Sa flows backward from the high temperature regenerator 32A having a high internal pressure to the absorber 31 having a low internal pressure, and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa that has flowed back passes through the partition wall 31d to the evaporator 34. Inflow may contaminate the refrigerant liquid Vf, and the planned refrigeration capacity may not be obtained. In addition, particularly in the case of a triple effect absorption refrigerator in which the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 32A are high, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa generated by the residual heat are rare solutions because the dilution operation is insufficient. If the pipe 45 is flown backward, the high temperature solution pump 48 may be damaged due to overheating, and since the dilution operation is insufficient, preheating from the high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46 through the concentrated solution pipe 86 to the concentrated solution spraying nozzle 31b. When the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated in step B is blown through, the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b may be damaged due to overheating (if the refrigerant vapor generated by the residual heat of the regenerator flows in the line through which the regenerated absorbent solution flows, it is regenerated. The spraying device that sprays the absorbent solution into the absorber may be damaged by overheating). In the case of a triple effect absorption refrigerating machine in which such a specific problem may occur, it is desirable to lower the temperature and pressure of the high temperature regenerator 32A through a short dilution operation. Against this background, the absorption refrigerator 30 performs a dilution operation as follows.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation during the dilution operation of the absorption refrigerator 30. 1 and 2 will be referred to as appropriate for the reference numerals of the absorption refrigerator 30 referred to in the following description. When receiving a command signal for stopping the operation of the absorption refrigerator 30 from the outside, the control device 61 extinguishes the fire of the burner 16 of the high-temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A, stops the heating, and starts the dilution operation of the absorption refrigerator 30. Even in the dilution operation, the control device 61 keeps the intermediate temperature solution pump 38 and the high temperature solution pump 48 operated. The control panel (not shown) keeps the cooling water pump (not shown) operating so that the cooling water q flows through the cooling water pipes 31a and 33a. At this time, the concentration of the dilute solution Sw may be further reduced by opening the dilute refrigerant valve 44v for a predetermined time and allowing the refrigerant liquid Vf to flow into the dilute solution tube 45. When the dilution operation is started, the control device 61 opens the dilute solution bypass valve 65 (S1). At this time, the control device 61 adjusts the opening degree of the dilute solution bypass valve 65 so that the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 becomes a predetermined temperature or less. By adjusting the opening degree of the dilute solution bypass valve 65, a part of the dilute solution Sw (may be close to all) flows through the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B bypassing the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37. As a result, the amount of heat exchanged between the dilute solution Sw and the hot concentrated solution Sa decreases, and the temperature of the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 increases, but the viewpoint of avoiding damage due to overheating of the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b. To the dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B in a range where the temperature of the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature lower than the temperature at which the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b can be damaged by heat. The opening degree of the dilute solution bypass valve 65 is adjusted so that the flow rate of the solution increases as much as possible. Further, when the dilute solution Sw flows through the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B, the dilute solution Sw having a lower temperature than when the heat exchange of the total amount of both the solutions Sw and Sa is performed flows into the high temperature regenerator 32A. The temperature in 32A is lower than when heat exchange is performed for both solutions Sw and Sa in the entire amount. As the temperature in the high-temperature regenerator 32A decreases, the pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 32A also decreases than when heat exchange is performed for both solutions Sw and Sa. By reducing the temperature and pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A, the back flow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the back flow and blow-through of the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31 are suppressed. Since the back flow of the hot concentrated solution Sa is suppressed, the temperature of the solution S sent by the high temperature solution pump 48 does not increase so as to damage the high temperature solution pump 48 due to overheating even when restarting after the dilution operation. It is not necessary to increase the insulation grade of the high-temperature solution pump 48 (generally, heat resistance improves as the insulation grade increases). Moreover, since the blowout of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor is suppressed, the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b can be prevented from being damaged by overheating, and therefore the material of the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b can be a synthetic resin that can be easily molded. Become. Note that the predetermined temperature that serves as an index for adjusting the opening of the dilute solution bypass valve 65 may gradually increase with time. By controlling in this way, the feeding amount of the solution S to the high temperature regenerator 32A can be gradually increased, and rapid temperature and pressure fluctuations of the high temperature regenerator 32A can be suppressed, and the balance of the solution S can be reduced. Can be prevented from collapsing.

  In addition, the control device 61 opens the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 67 or the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 68 that is closed during steady operation (S2). Then, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flows into the absorber 31 or the condenser 33 through the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flowing into the absorber 31 or the condenser 33 is cooled by the cooling water q and condensed. As described above, by opening the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 67 (or 68), the heat in the high temperature regenerator 32A is released to the outside of the absorption refrigerator 30 through the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the cooling water q. The pressure and temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A can be reduced. In the step (S2) of opening the refrigerant vapor bypass valve 67 (or 68), both the valves 67 and 68 are opened, and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is guided to both the absorber 31 and the condenser 33 to externally. It is also possible to dissipate heat.

  Then, the control device 61 determines whether or not the pressure and temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A have reached a predetermined pressure and temperature from the pressure and temperature detected by the pressure sensor 71 and the temperature sensor 72 that are received as needed. (S3). If the predetermined pressure and temperature are not reached, the dilution operation with the valves 65 and 67 (or 68) opened is continued until the predetermined pressure and temperature are reached. On the other hand, in the step (S3) of determining whether or not the pressure and temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A have reached the predetermined pressure and temperature, when the predetermined pressure and temperature are reached, the control device 61 sets the high temperature solution pump. 48, the intermediate temperature solution pump 38 and the refrigerant pump 39 are stopped (S4), the valves 65 and 67 (or 68) are closed (S5), and the dilution operation is terminated. When the dilution operation is completed, the cooling water pump (not shown) for flowing the cooling water q into the cooling water pipes 33a and 31a is also stopped. In this case, the control device 61 sends a cooling water pump stop signal to the control panel (not shown). The cooling water pump (not shown) may be stopped by transmitting. Thus, if the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature regenerator 32A are reduced using the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B or the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B, the time required for the dilution operation can be greatly shortened (for example, The required time can be about 1/4 to 1/6).

In the above description, the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B provided with the dilute solution bypass valve 65 is provided as the solution bypass flow path. However, the periphery of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is configured as follows. Also good.
FIG. 4 is a partial detail view showing a modification around the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37.
In the first modification shown in FIG. 4 (a), a high-temperature concentration connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37 so as to bypass the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37 as a solution bypass flow path. A solution bypass pipe 46B is provided. The high temperature concentrated solution bypass pipe 46B is provided with a high temperature concentrated solution bypass valve 66 capable of blocking the flow of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa. The high-temperature concentrated solution bypass valve 66 is configured to receive a signal from the control device 61 (see FIG. 1) and perform valve opening / closing operations (including adjustment of the opening degree). At the time of the dilution operation of the first modified example, the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 instead of the dilute solution bypass valve 65 at the timing when the dilute solution bypass valve 65 operates in the flowchart of FIG. The opening degree of the hot concentrated solution bypass valve 66 is adjusted so as to be as follows. By this control, as in the embodiment including the dilute solution bypass valve 65 shown in FIG. 1, the exchange heat amount between the dilute solution Sw and the hot concentrated solution Sa is reduced, and the heat exchange of the total amount of both solutions Sw and Sa is performed. The dilute solution Sw whose temperature is lower than the time flows into the high temperature regenerator 32A, the temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A decreases, the pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A also decreases, and the high temperature regenerator 32A transfers to the absorber 31. The backflow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the backflow and blow-through of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va are suppressed.

  In the second modification shown in FIG. 4B, the orifice 75 is bypassed to the hot concentrated solution pipe 46 on the downstream side of the hot solution heat exchanger 37 with respect to the embodiment shown in FIG. A flow rate control bypass pipe 76 is provided as a flow rate control bypass channel connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the orifice 75. The flow rate adjustment bypass pipe 76 is provided with a flow rate adjustment bypass valve 76v that can block the flow of the hot concentrated solution Sa. The flow rate adjustment bypass valve 76v is configured to receive a signal from the control device 61 (see FIG. 1) and perform an opening / closing operation (including adjustment of the opening degree) of the valve. During the dilution operation of the second modification, in the flowchart of FIG. 3, when the dilute solution bypass valve 65 is opened (S1), the flow rate control bypass valve 76v is also opened (including adjusting the opening). To. As a result, the hot concentrated solution Sa flows through the flow rate adjusting bypass pipe 76 in addition to the orifice 75, the circulation amount of the solution S is increased, and the decrease in the temperature and pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A is promoted. The backflow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the backflow and blow-through of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the regenerator 32A to the absorber 31 are further suppressed. In addition, the flow control bypass pipe 76 in which the flow control bypass valve 76v is disposed may be provided for the configuration of the first modification shown in FIG. In the modified example, a flow rate adjusting bypass pipe 76 having a flow rate adjusting bypass valve 76v is provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the orifice 75 of the high temperature concentrated solution pipe 46 on the downstream side of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37.

  In the third modification shown in FIG. 4C, the upstream side of the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is configured to bypass the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 and the orifice 75 at the same time as the solution bypass flow rate / flow control bypass flow channel. A high temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass pipe 46C connected to the downstream side of the orifice 75 is provided. The high temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass pipe 46C is provided with a high temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass valve 66C capable of blocking the flow of the high temperature concentrated solution Sa. The high-temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass valve 66C is configured to receive a signal from the control device 61 (see FIG. 1) and perform valve opening / closing operations (including adjustment of the opening degree). During the dilution operation of the third modified example, the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 instead of the dilute solution bypass valve 65 at the timing when the dilute solution bypass valve 65 operates in the flowchart of FIG. The opening degree of the hot concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass valve 66C is adjusted so as to be as follows. By opening the high temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass valve 66C, the amount of heat exchanged between the diluted solution Sw and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa is reduced as in the embodiment including the diluted solution bypass valve 65 shown in FIG. The dilute solution Sw having a lower temperature than when the heat exchange of the solutions Sw and Sa is performed flows into the high temperature regenerator 32A, the temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A is decreased, and the pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A is also decreased. Further, the backflow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the backflow and blow-through of the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31 are suppressed, and the hot concentrated solution is the same as in the second modification shown in FIG. Sa flows in the high-temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjusting bypass pipe 46C in addition to the orifice 75, the circulation amount of the solution S is increased, and the decrease in the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature regenerator 32A is promoted, and the high-temperature regenerator 32A. Suck from Backflow of hot concentrated solution Sa or the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va to vessel 31 is further suppressed.

  The first modification shown in FIG. 4A or the third modification shown in FIG. 4C may be applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. The first modification example shown in FIG. 4A may be applied to the second modification example shown in FIG. If both the dilute solution bypass pipe 45B and the high temperature concentrated solution bypass pipe 46B (or the high temperature concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass pipe 46C) are provided in this way, both the dilute solution Sw and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa are heated at high temperature during the dilution operation. By detouring the exchanger 37, the flow resistance of the solutions Sw and Sa is reduced.

  In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 57B is branched into the refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba and the refrigerant vapor condenser bypass pipe 57Bc, but the refrigerant vapor absorber bypass pipe 57Ba and the refrigerant One of the steam condenser bypass pipes 57Bc may be omitted (not provided), and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va may be guided to either the absorber 31 or the condenser 33.

  In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the flow of the solution S of the absorption refrigerator 30 (see FIG. 1) is the same as that of the diluted solution Sw in which the refrigerant vapor Ve is absorbed by the absorber 31 through the diluted solution tube 45. The high temperature concentrated solution Sa generated by the high temperature regenerator 32A and the middle temperature concentrated solution Sm generated by the medium temperature regenerator 32M are respectively supplied to the regenerator 32A via the dilute solution tube 55 to the medium temperature regenerator 32M and the low temperature regenerator 32B. Each of the low temperature concentrated solutions Sb produced by the low temperature regenerator 32B is introduced into the absorber 31 without passing through other regenerators (see FIGS. 1 and 5A). In contrast, the solution flow may be modified as described below.

  FIG. 5B is a schematic block diagram of a solution flow according to the fourth modification. In the fourth modification, the absorber 31 and the high temperature regenerator 32A are connected by a dilute solution tube 145 that guides the dilute solution Sw of the absorber 31 to the high temperature regenerator 32A. The high temperature regenerator 32A and the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M are connected by a high temperature concentrated solution tube 146 that guides the high temperature concentrated solution Sa generated by the high temperature regenerator 32A to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. Further, the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M and the low temperature regenerator 32B are connected by a medium temperature concentrated solution tube 156A that guides the medium temperature concentrated solution Sm generated by the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M to the low temperature regenerator 32B. The low temperature regenerator 32B and the absorber 31 are connected by a low temperature concentrated solution tube 156B that guides the low temperature concentrated solution Sb generated by the low temperature regenerator 32B to the absorber 31. The low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is inserted and arranged in the dilute solution tube 145 and the low-temperature concentrated solution tube 156B so that heat exchange is performed between the dilute solution Sw and the low-temperature concentrated solution Sb. The intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is connected to the diluted solution tube 145 on the downstream side of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 so that heat exchange is performed between the diluted solution Sw derived from the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm. And it is inserted into the medium temperature concentrated solution tube 156A. The high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37 has a dilute solution tube 145 on the downstream side of the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 35 so that heat exchange is performed between the dilute solution Sw derived from the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. And the hot concentrated solution tube 146 is inserted.

  Further, the dilute solution pipe 145 has a dilute solution bypass pipe 45B provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65 so as to bypass the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is connected to the upstream side and the downstream side. The dilute solution pipe 145 includes dilute solution bypass pipes 145m provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65m so as to bypass the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35. The dilute solution bypass pipe 145m includes an upstream side and a downstream side of the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35. And connected to. A dilute solution bypass pipe 145b provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65b is provided in the dilute solution pipe 145 so as to bypass the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. And connected to. The configuration of the refrigerant vapor (Va, Vm, Vn) system is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

  In the fourth modification shown in FIG. 5B, the dilute solution bypass valves 65, 65m, 65b are closed during steady operation, and the flow of the solution S is first dilute solution derived from the absorber 31. Each time Sw passes through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36, the medium-temperature solution heat exchanger 35, and the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37 in this order, the temperature rises without change and is introduced into the high-temperature regenerator 32A. The dilute solution Sw is concentrated by heating in the high temperature regenerator 32A, is converted into a high temperature concentrated solution Sa, is derived from the high temperature regenerator 32A, and is introduced into the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M after the temperature is lowered through the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37. The The high-temperature concentrated solution Sa is further heated and concentrated by the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor (Va) in the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M, is converted to the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm, is led out from the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M, and passes through the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35. Is introduced into the low temperature regenerator 32B. The medium temperature concentrated solution Sm is further heated and concentrated with the heat of the mixed refrigerant vapor (Vn) in the low temperature regenerator 32B, is converted into a low temperature concentrated solution Sb, is led out from the low temperature regenerator 32B, and passes through the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. Is introduced into the absorber 31.

  During the dilution operation, the dilute solution bypass valves 65, 65m, and 65b are opened by the control device 61 (see FIG. 1), and the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 is set to a predetermined temperature or lower. The opening degree of the diluted solution bypass valve 65 is adjusted. By this control, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the amount of exchange heat between the dilute solution Sw and each of the concentrated solutions Sa, Sm, Sb is reduced, and the heat exchange of the total amount of each solution Sw, Sa, Sm, Sb is performed. The dilute solution Sw having a temperature lower than that of the hot water flows into the high temperature regenerator 32A, the temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A decreases, the pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A also decreases, and the absorber 31 from the high temperature regenerator 32A decreases. The backflow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the backflow and blow-through of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va are suppressed. Note that the amount of heat exchanged in the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and / or the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 causes a back flow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and a back flow or blow-through of the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31. If the number is not so large, the dilute solution bypass pipe 145m provided with the dilute solution bypass valve 65m and / or the dilute solution bypass pipe 145b provided with the dilute solution bypass valve 65b may not be provided.

  Next, FIG.5 (c) is a typical block diagram of the solution flow which concerns on a 5th modification. In the fifth modification, the absorber 31 and the high temperature regenerator 32A are connected by a dilute solution tube 245 that guides the dilute solution Sw of the absorber 31 to the high temperature regenerator 32A. A dilute solution tube 255B branched from the dilute solution tube 245 is connected to the low temperature regenerator 32B, and a part of the dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 245 can be introduced into the low temperature regenerator 32B. Has been. In addition, a dilute solution tube 255A branched from the dilute solution tube 245 downstream from the branch point with the dilute solution tube 255B is connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M, and the dilute solution downstream from the branch point with the dilute solution tube 255B. A part of the dilute solution Sw flowing through the tube 245 can be introduced into the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. Connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A is a high temperature concentrated solution tube 246 that leads out the high temperature concentrated solution Sa generated by the high temperature regenerator 32A toward the absorber 31. Connected to the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is an intermediate temperature concentrated solution tube 256A that leads out the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm generated by the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M toward the absorber 31. The medium temperature concentrated solution tube 256A is connected to the high temperature concentrated solution tube 246 to form one concentrated solution tube 246A. The low temperature regenerator 32B is connected to a low temperature concentrated solution tube 256B that guides the low temperature concentrated solution Sb generated by the low temperature regenerator 32B toward the absorber 31. The low temperature concentrated solution tube 256B is connected to the concentrated solution tube 246A to form one concentrated solution tube 286. The high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 is inserted into the dilute solution tube 245 and the high temperature concentrated solution tube 246 downstream from the branch point with the dilute solution tube 255A so that heat exchange is performed between the dilute solution Sw and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa. Has been placed. The intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is a dilute solution downstream from the branch point of the dilute solution tube 255B so that heat exchange is performed between the concentrated solution mixed with the high temperature concentrated solution Sa and the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm and the diluted solution Sw. Inserted into the tube 245 and the concentrated solution tube 246A. The low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is branched from the dilute solution tube 255B so that heat exchange is performed between the mixed concentrated solution Sd in which the high temperature concentrated solution Sa, the intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm, and the low temperature concentrated solution Sb are mixed, and the diluted solution Sw. They are inserted into the dilute solution tube 245 and the concentrated solution tube 286 upstream from the point.

  Further, the dilute solution pipe 245 is provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65 so as to bypass the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37, as in the fourth modification shown in FIG. 5B. 45B is connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 37, and a dilute solution bypass pipe 145m provided with a dilute solution bypass valve 65m is arranged so as to bypass the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 35. A dilute solution bypass pipe 145b connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the solution heat exchanger 35 and having a dilute solution bypass valve 65b disposed so as to bypass the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is a low temperature solution heat exchanger. 36 is connected to the upstream side and the downstream side. The configuration of the refrigerant vapor (Va, Vm, Vn) system is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

  In the fifth modification shown in FIG. 5C, the dilute solution bypass valves 65, 65m and 65b are closed during steady operation, and the flow of the solution S is first dilute solution derived from the absorber 31. Sw is heated by the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. A part of the diluted solution Sw heated by the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is introduced into the low-temperature regenerator 32B, and the rest is introduced into the intermediate-temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and heated. A part of the dilute solution Sw heated by the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is introduced into the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M, and the rest is introduced into the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 and heated to the high temperature regenerator 32A. be introduced. The dilute solution Sw introduced into the high temperature regenerator 32A is concentrated by heating, becomes a high temperature concentrated solution Sa, is led out from the high temperature regenerator 32A, and the temperature decreases through the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37. The dilute solution Sw introduced into the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M is heated and concentrated with the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor (Va) to become an intermediate temperature concentrated solution Sm, which is derived from the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M. After joining the lowered hot concentrated solution Sa to form a concentrated solution, the temperature drops through the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35. The dilute solution Sw introduced into the low temperature regenerator 32B is heated and concentrated with the heat of the mixed refrigerant vapor (Vn) to become a low temperature concentrated solution Sb, which is led out from the low temperature regenerator 32B. After joining the lowered concentrated solution to form a mixed concentrated solution Sd, the temperature is lowered through the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and then introduced into the absorber 31.

  During the dilution operation, the dilute solution bypass valves 65, 65m, and 65b are opened by the control device 61 (see FIG. 1), and the hot concentrated solution Sa detected by the temperature sensor 73 is set to a predetermined temperature or lower. The opening degree of the diluted solution bypass valve 65 is adjusted. As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, this control reduces the amount of heat exchanged between the dilute solution Sw and each of the concentrated solutions Sa, Sd, etc., and the heat exchange of the total amount of each solution Sw, Sa, Sd, etc. is performed. The dilute solution Sw having a lower temperature flows into the high temperature regenerator 32A, the temperature in the high temperature regenerator 32A decreases, the pressure in the high temperature regenerator 32A also decreases, and the high temperature regenerator 32A supplies the absorber 31. The backflow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the backflow and blow-through of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va are suppressed. Note that the amount of heat exchanged in the intermediate temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and / or the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 causes a back flow of the hot concentrated solution Sa and a back flow or blow-through of the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the high temperature regenerator 32A to the absorber 31. If the number is not so large, the dilute solution bypass pipe 145m provided with the dilute solution bypass valve 65m and / or the dilute solution bypass pipe 145b provided with the dilute solution bypass valve 65b may not be provided.

  Note that the high-temperature concentrated solution is obtained by applying the first modification shown in FIG. 4 (a) to the fourth modification shown in FIG. 5 (b) and the fifth modification shown in FIG. 5 (c). A high temperature concentrated solution bypass pipe 46B provided with a bypass valve 66 may be provided, and a flow rate adjustment bypass valve 76v is arranged so as to bypass the orifice 75 by applying the second modification shown in FIG. A flow rate adjusting bypass pipe 76 may be provided, or a high temperature concentrated solution flow rate may be bypassed by applying the third modification shown in FIG. 4C to bypass the high temperature solution heat exchanger 37 and the orifice 75. A hot concentrated solution flow rate adjustment bypass pipe 46C in which the adjustment bypass valve 66C is disposed may be provided.

  Further, the flow of the solution S other than the fourth modified example shown in FIG. 5B and the fifth modified example shown in FIG. 5C is omitted, but the low temperature regenerator 32B includes a dilute solution Sw. It is good also as a flow of the solution S which introduces high temperature concentrated solution Sa instead of introducing (refer FIG. 5 (a), (c)) or introducing medium temperature concentrated solution Sm (refer FIG. 5 (b)). . As described above, the “concentrated solution derived from the high temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A toward the absorber 31” includes the case where the high temperature concentrated solution Sa derived from the high temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A flows directly into the absorber 31. In addition, it is intended that the case where it flows into the absorber 31 via the intermediate temperature regenerator 32M or the low temperature regenerator 32B is also included.

  In the above description, the absorption refrigerator 30 is described as being a triple effect absorption refrigerator, but may be a single effect absorption refrigerator or a double effect absorption refrigerator. In the case of a single-effect absorption refrigerator, the above-described high-temperature regenerator 32A can be used as a regenerator, and in the case of a double-effect absorption refrigerator, the above-described high-temperature regenerator 32A is regenerated with a higher operating temperature. It is good to use a vessel.

1 is a schematic system diagram of an absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the high temperature regenerator which comprises the absorption refrigerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart explaining the effect | action at the time of the dilution operation of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a partial detail drawing which shows the modification around the high temperature solution heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a 1st modification, (b) is a 2nd modification, (c) is a figure which shows a 3rd modification. It is a typical block diagram of the solution flow of the absorption refrigerator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a flow of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a flow of the fourth modification, (c) is a diagram showing a flow of the fifth modification.

Explanation of symbols

31 Absorber 32A High temperature regenerator 32M Medium temperature regenerator 33 Condenser 37 High temperature solution heat exchanger 45B Diluted solution bypass pipe 46B High temperature concentrated solution bypass pipe 46 High temperature concentrated solution pipe 57B High temperature refrigerant vapor bypass pipe 61 Controller 75 Orifice 76 Flow rate adjustment Bypass pipe Sa High temperature concentrated solution Sd Mixed concentrated solution Sw Dilute solution Va High temperature refrigerant vapor Vb Low temperature refrigerant vapor Ve Refrigerant vapor

Claims (2)

An absorber that absorbs the refrigerant vapor with a solution and makes the solution a dilute solution with reduced concentration;
A high temperature regenerator in which the diluted solution is introduced and heated to evaporate the refrigerant to obtain a concentrated solution;
A solution heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the dilute solution derived from the absorber toward the high-temperature regenerator and the concentrated solution derived from the high-temperature regenerator toward the absorber;
A solution bypass channel for avoiding inflow of the dilute solution or the concentrated solution into the solution heat exchanger;
A controller for controlling the flow of the solution so that the dilute solution or the concentrated solution flows into the solution bypass channel during the dilution operation;
Absorption refrigerator. A regenerator having a lower operating temperature than the high-temperature regenerator, which introduces a solution that has absorbed refrigerant vapor and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator and increases the concentration of the solution introduced by the heat of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor. When;
A condenser that cools and condenses the refrigerant vapor;
A high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass channel for directing the high-temperature refrigerant vapor from the high-temperature regenerator to the absorber or the condenser;
The control device controls the flow of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor so as to guide the high-temperature refrigerant vapor to the absorber or the condenser via the high-temperature refrigerant vapor bypass flow path during a dilution operation;
The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1.

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