JP4519744B2 - High temperature regenerator and absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-temperature regenerator and an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly, to a high-temperature regenerator that suppresses the progress of corrosion and extends its life, and an absorption refrigerator that includes this high-temperature regenerator.

  As a heating source in the regenerator constituting the absorption refrigerator, steam supplied from an external boiler, or combustion gas obtained by burning gas or oil as fuel is mainly used. As a regenerator employing the latter, there are a once-through regenerator and a circulation regenerator. An example of the once-through regenerator is as follows. There are annular headers at the top and bottom, a number of risers are provided between these headers, a combustion device is provided at the center of the upper part, and an absorption liquid supply pump for supplying a solution (absorption liquid) to the lower header is provided. An once-through type concentrator is provided that includes an absorption liquid supply pipe, introduces the solution into the lower header, concentrates it by heating, and takes out the gas-liquid mixture from the upper header. The flow-through concentrator is provided with a gas-liquid separator connected via a gas-liquid mixture conduit, and a steam outlet conduit connected to the upper portion of the gas-liquid separator and a lower portion of the gas-liquid separator. It is characterized by comprising a connected absorption liquid extraction conduit, an absorption liquid circulation conduit for connecting a lower part of the gas-liquid separator and an absorption liquid supply pipe downstream of the absorption liquid supply pump (for example, Patent Documents) 1).

  In the once-through regenerator, the flow rate of the boiling solution generated in the liquid pipe and flowing to the gas-liquid separator via the upper header is larger than the amount of solution supplied from the absorber, so the solution in the gas-liquid separator It is necessary to return a part to the lower header (circulate). In the once-through regenerator described above, the absorption liquid circulation conduit through which the high concentration solution flows is connected to the absorption liquid supply pipe through which the low concentration solution flows, and the high concentration solution is introduced before being introduced into the lower header. Mixed with the solution. Further, the temperature of the solution flowing through the absorption liquid circulation conduit is higher than the temperature of the solution flowing through the absorption liquid supply pipe. When a high-temperature high-concentration solution is mixed with a low-temperature low-concentration solution, the maximum temperature and the maximum concentration in the solution are lowered, so that corrosion of the riser pipe is suppressed and the life of the once-through regenerator is extended. And in said structure, in order to prevent the low concentration solution which flows through an absorption liquid supply pipe | tube from advancing to a gas-liquid separator, it is preferable to provide throttle parts, such as an orifice or a valve, in an absorption liquid circulation conduit. Yes. However, since a manufacturing cost increases when a throttle part is provided in the absorption liquid circulation conduit, there is a once-through regenerator that mixes a high-concentration solution and a low-concentration solution in the lower header.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of the solution in the lower header of the conventional once-through regenerator. Conventionally, a low-concentration solution L1 and a high-concentration solution L2 are introduced into an annular lower header 94, and these different-concentration solutions L1 and L2 are introduced at different positions in an annular tangential direction. Thus, a circulating flow C was formed, and solutions having different concentrations were mixed.
JP 2001-201202 A (paragraph 0007, FIG. 1 etc.)

  However, in the conventional once-through regenerator, the high-concentration solution supply pipe and the low-concentration solution supply pipe are arranged at positions apart from the lower header, and the high-concentration solution and the low-concentration solution are provided. Since it is supplied so as to have a parallel flow in the lower header, a predetermined mixing distance is required before mixing, and an insufficiently mixed solution flows into the riser pipe before mixing In some cases, the riser tube in which an overconcentrated solution flows tends to corrode and shorten its life.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a high-temperature regenerator that quickly dilutes a high-concentration solution with a low-concentration solution, suppresses the progress of corrosion, and extends the life, and an absorption refrigerator equipped with the high-temperature regenerator. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a high-temperature regenerator according to the invention described in claim 1 includes a plurality of liquid tubes 10 for flowing a solution therein, for example, as shown in FIG. A liquid chamber 14 formed in an annular shape for distributing the solution from the lower part thereof, and flowing the solution therein; and the concentration of the solution pumped to form a circulating flow Rs in the liquid chamber 14 is a predetermined concentration A dilute solution supply pipe 11 for introducing the dilute solution Sw into the liquid chamber 14; and a concentrated solution Sa in which the concentration of the solution is higher than the concentration of the dilute solution Sw, downstream of the position where the dilute solution Sw is introduced, And the concentrated solution supply pipe | tube 12 introduce | transduced into the liquid chamber 14 is provided in the direction crossing the circulation flow Rs. Here, the “annular shape” is typically an annular shape, but may be a circular shape other than a circular shape. The “predetermined concentration” is typically the concentration of the solution sent from the absorber of the absorption refrigerator.

  If comprised in this way, the concentrated solution introduce | transduced into the liquid chamber will be subdivided by the shearing force which the circulation flow of a diluted solution has, and a concentrated solution will be rapidly mixed with a diluted solution and diluted.

  Further, the high temperature regenerator according to the invention described in claim 2 is an upper part for collecting the solution heated by the plurality of liquid tubes 10 in the high temperature regenerator 32A according to claim 1, for example, as shown in FIG. An annular member 15; a gas-liquid separator 18 that introduces a heated solution from the upper annular member 15 and separates it into a refrigerant vapor Va and a concentrated solution Sa; and a concentrated liquid that introduces the separated concentrated solution Sa into the concentrated solution supply pipe 12. And a solution return pipe 18B.

  If comprised in this way, isolation | separation of a concentrated solution and refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam will become easy.

  Further, in the high temperature regenerator according to the invention described in claim 3, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the high temperature regenerator 32A described in claim 1, the outlet for the concentrated solution Sa of the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 is rare. The dilute solution Sw is provided near the outlet of the solution supply pipe 11.

  If comprised in this way, the density | concentration of the solution in a liquid chamber will become substantially uniform, and the density | concentration difference of the solution between several liquid pipes will be eliminated.

  In order to achieve the above object, an absorption refrigerator according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a high-temperature regenerator 32A according to any one of the first to third aspects as shown in FIG. A condenser 33 for introducing refrigerant from the high-temperature regenerator 32A; an evaporator 34 for introducing the refrigerant liquid Vf condensed by the condenser 33 and evaporating the refrigerant liquid Vf by the heat of the medium to be cooled p; and introducing a concentrated solution Sc And an absorber 31 that absorbs the refrigerant Ve evaporated by the evaporator 34 with the concentrated solution Sc and derives the diluted solution Sw having a reduced concentration toward the liquid chamber 14 (see, for example, FIG. 1).

  If comprised in this way, the lifetime of an absorption refrigerator can be extended with the lifetime of a high temperature regenerator extending.

  According to the high temperature regenerator according to the present invention, the concentrated solution introduced into the liquid chamber is subdivided by the shearing force of the circulating flow of the diluted solution, and the concentrated solution is quickly mixed with the diluted solution and diluted. It is possible to extend the life by suppressing the progress of corrosion. Moreover, according to the absorption refrigerator which concerns on this invention, the lifetime of an absorption refrigerator can be extended with the lifetime of a high temperature regenerator extending.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same or similar devices are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  First, the configuration of a high temperature regenerator 32A according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic views for explaining a high temperature regenerator 32A, in which FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view of the high temperature regenerator, FIG. 1B is a cross sectional view of a lower header portion constituting the high temperature regenerator, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a detailed view according to a modified example of a dilute solution outlet tube provided in the lower header. The high-temperature regenerator 32A is a once-through regenerator, and includes a lower header 14 as a liquid chamber for introducing the dilute solution Sw, a plurality of liquid tubes 10 that flow the dilute solution Sw in the lower header 14 upward, An upper header 15 as an upper annular member that collects a mixed fluid of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the refrigerant vapor Va in the pipe 10 and a combustion gas that heats the dilute solution Sw in the liquid pipe 10 are generated. A burner 16 as a combustion device, an outer container 13 that accommodates these members, and a gas-liquid separator 18 that separates a mixed fluid of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the refrigerant vapor Va are provided.

  The lower header 14 is a member that distributes the dilute solution Sw to the plurality of liquid tubes 10. The lower header 14 typically has an annular horizontal section and a rectangular vertical section. In addition, the horizontal cross section may be a polygonal shape other than a circle. The vertical cross section may be a circle other than a rectangle or an ellipse. In addition, a refractory material 17 is filled in a hollow portion formed in the central portion of the lower header 14.

  The lower header 14 is provided with a dilute solution supply pipe 11 for introducing dilute solution Sw. The dilute solution supply pipe 11 penetrates the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 toward the annular central portion at a substantially central portion of the height or below the central portion. The dilute solution supply pipe 11 penetrating the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 bends inside the lower header 14 and changes its direction in an annular tangential direction, and an end thereof opens in the annular tangential direction. . The dilute solution supply pipe 11 in the lower header 14 is disposed so that the open end is located substantially at the center of the vertical section rectangle or below the center. The dilute solution supply pipe 11 is configured to discharge the dilute solution Sw into the lower header 14 from the opening at the end. The dilute solution Sw discharged from the dilute solution supply pipe 11 becomes a circulating flow Rs that circulates in the lower header 14. A diluted solution pipe 55A is connected to the diluted solution supply pipe 11 through a reducer 55r. In the present embodiment, the dilute solution supply pipe 11 penetrates the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 toward the annular central portion, and the end located in the lower header 14 has an annular tangential direction. However, if the circulating flow of the dilute solution Sw can be formed in the lower header 14, the position and angle penetrating the lower header 14 and the direction of the opening end may be changed as appropriate.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the dilute solution supply pipe is bent inside the lower header 14 and changes its direction in the annular tangential direction, and the end is opened in the annular tangential direction. Instead of the diluted solution supply pipe 11, the diluted solution supply pipe 11A may be configured. The dilute solution supply pipe 11 </ b> A penetrates the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 and extends toward the inner peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 in the annular central direction. The dilute solution supply pipe 11A is formed with a plurality of ejection holes 11h that open in an annular tangential direction. The ejection holes 11h are formed in a line in the axial direction of the diluted solution supply pipe 11A. The circulation flow Rs of the dilute solution Sw can also be formed by the dilute solution supply pipe 11A.

  Further, the lower header 14 is provided with a concentrated solution supply pipe 12 for introducing the concentrated solution Sa. The concentrated solution supply pipe 12 penetrates the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 toward the annular central part at a substantially central part of the height or below the central part. The concentrated solution supply pipe 12 penetrating the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14 slightly protrudes into the lower header 14 to form an end portion, and the end portion opens toward the center of the annular shape. The extent to which the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 protrudes into the lower header 14 reduces the resistance of the flow of the dilute solution Sw circulating in the lower header 14 as much as possible, and also concentrates the concentrated solution Sa into the opening of the diluted solution supply pipe 11. It is better to determine from the viewpoint of opening as close as possible to the end. The concentrated solution supply pipe 12 passes through the lower header 14 at a position where a virtual line extending from the annular center toward the open end of the diluted solution supply pipe 11 cuts the outer peripheral side surface of the lower header 14. Is a position away from the dilute solution supply pipe 11 by a predetermined length. That is, the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 is disposed downstream of the position where the diluted solution Sw is introduced into the lower header 14. The predetermined length is in the vicinity of the opening at the end of the dilute solution supply pipe 11 and is approximately 1 to 20 times, preferably about 2 to 10 times the diameter of the dilute solution supply pipe 11. 11 may be appropriately determined in consideration of the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw derived from 11. The downstream in the circulation flow means a region within the predetermined length. A concentrated solution return pipe 18 </ b> B is connected to the concentrated solution supply pipe 12.

  In addition to the above, the dilute solution supply pipe 11 may be attached to the lower header 14 in an annular substantially tangential direction so as to extend along the annular outer periphery of the lower header 14 without extending into the lower header 14. Good. Further, the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 is not extended into the lower header 14, but is formed on the inner surface of the outer periphery of the ring in a direction substantially perpendicular to the lower header 14 and from the attachment portion of the dilute solution supply pipe 11. May be attached to the downstream position of the circulating flow Rs by a predetermined length.

  In the lower header 14, a plurality of liquid tubes 10 are arranged substantially vertically. The liquid pipe 10 is substantially vertical means that the axis of the liquid pipe 10 is substantially vertical. The substantially vertical direction may be such that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated by evaporating from the dilute solution Sw by heating in the liquid pipe 10 is smoothly discharged together with the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. When the height of the high-temperature regenerator 32A is limited, the length of the liquid pipe 10 is determined so as to be within that height, and the amount of heat given to the dilute solution Sw flowing inside is high from the dilute solution Sw. In consideration of the relationship between the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw supplied to the high temperature regenerator 32A, the number of the liquid pipes 10 and the diameter so that the refrigerant vapor Va can be generated to generate the high temperature concentrated solution Sa. Determined. Further, the plurality of liquid tubes 10 are disposed substantially equidistantly on a concentric circle with the lower header 14. Combustion chambers 20 for combusting fuel and generating combustion gas are formed inside a plurality of liquid pipes 10 arranged at substantially equal intervals on a concentric circle with the lower header 14.

  An upper header 15 is connected to the tops of the plurality of liquid tubes 10. Similar to the lower header 14, the upper header 15 typically has an annular horizontal section and a rectangular vertical section. The upper header 15 is connected to the upper surface thereof by a gas-liquid introduction pipe 18A that guides the mixed fluid of the hot concentrated solution Sa and the refrigerant vapor Va to the gas-liquid separator 18. A burner 16 is disposed in a hollow portion formed at the center of the upper header 15.

  The outer container 13 has a gas seal structure that does not leak the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 20 to the outside, and typically has a cylindrical shape. The outer container 13 is substantially concentric with the lower header 14 and the upper header 15 and has an inner diameter that allows the lower header 14 and the upper header 15 to be fitted therein. The outer container 13 is provided with a flue (not shown) for discharging combustion gas. A heat insulating material 19 is attached to the outside of the outer container 13 so as to cover the outer container 13.

  The gas-liquid separator 18 is typically disposed above the outer container 13. The gas-liquid separator 18 typically has a cylindrical shape, but may have a quadrangular prism shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes. The gas-liquid separator 18 is connected to the upper header 15 via a gas-liquid introduction pipe 18A. The gas-liquid introduction pipe 18 </ b> A is connected to the upper side surface of the gas-liquid separator 18. A refrigerant vapor pipe 58 for leading out the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is connected to the upper surface of the gas-liquid separator 18. Further, a concentrated solution return pipe 18B for returning a part of the separated hot concentrated solution Sa to the lower header 14 passes through the bottom surface of the gas-liquid separator 18. The concentrated solution return pipe 18 </ b> B extends upward in the gas-liquid separator 18, and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa having a predetermined liquid level or higher out of the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa accumulated in the gas-liquid separator 18 is moved to the lower header 14. It is configured to return to. In addition, a high-temperature concentrated solution pipe 56A for deriving a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa is connected to the bottom surface of the gas-liquid separator 18 in parallel with the concentrated solution return pipe 18B. As a result, a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa of a predetermined liquid level or higher is supplied to the lower header 14, and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa up to this liquid level is absorbed by the amount of solution inflow from the absorber 31 (see FIG. 2). The amount of buffer solution when the amount of solution discharged to 31 increases can be used. Conversely, when the amount of solution discharged to the absorber 31 is smaller than the amount of solution inflow from the absorber 31, the solution can be stored in the gas-liquid separator 18.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the structure of the absorption refrigerator 30 which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the absorption refrigerator 30. The absorption refrigerator 30 is a double-effect absorption refrigerator, and an evaporator 34 that cools the cold water p by generating the refrigerant vapor Ve by evaporating the refrigerant liquid Vf with the heat of the cold water p as a medium to be cooled; An absorber 31 that absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 34 with the mixed concentrated solution Sc, and a dilute solution Sw that has been absorbed by the absorber 31 and has a reduced concentration are introduced, and the dilute solution Sw is heated. A high-temperature regenerator 32A that generates a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa having an increased concentration by evaporating the refrigerant is introduced, and similarly, a diluted solution Sw that has been reduced in concentration by absorbing the refrigerant vapor Ve by the absorber 31 is introduced. The low-temperature regenerator 32B that generates a low-temperature concentrated solution Sb whose concentration has been increased by evaporating the refrigerant and the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb evaporated from the dilute solution Sw in the low-temperature regenerator 32B are cooled and condensed, and the evaporator 34 Generates refrigerant liquid Vf to be sent And a condenser 33 that. The refrigerant and the solution used in the absorption refrigerator 30 typically use water as the refrigerant and lithium bromide (LiBr) as the solution, but not limited to this, other refrigerants and solutions (absorbents). You may use it in combination.

  The evaporator 34 is provided with a cold water pipe 34a through which the cold water p to be cooled flows. The cold water pipe 34 a is connected to cold water utilization equipment (not shown) such as an air handling unit via a pipe 52. The evaporator 34 is provided with a refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b for spraying the refrigerant liquid Vf toward the cold water pipe 34a above the cold water pipe 34a. A storage part 34c for storing the introduced refrigerant liquid Vf is formed in the lower part of the evaporator 34.

  The absorber 31 is provided with a cooling water pipe 31a through which the cooling water q that takes away the heat of absorption generated when the refrigerant vapor Ve is absorbed by the mixed concentrated solution Sc. The cooling water pipe 31a is connected to each other via a cooling water pipe 33a and a pipe 53 in the condenser 33, and a cooling tower (not shown) and a pipe 54, respectively. In the absorber 31, a concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b that sprays the mixed concentrated solution Sc toward the cooling water pipe 31a is disposed above the cooling water pipe 31a. In the absorber 31, a storage part 31c is formed below the cooling water pipe 31a to store the diluted solution Sw having a reduced concentration by absorbing the refrigerant vapor Ve.

  Both the absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 are formed in a shell and tube type in one can body, and a partition wall 31d is provided between them. The absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 communicate with each other at the upper part of the partition wall 31d, and the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 34 can be moved to the absorber 31. A circulating refrigerant pipe 51 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage part 34c to the upper refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b is disposed on the evaporator 34 side outside the can body. The circulating refrigerant pipe 51 is provided with a refrigerant pump 39 that pumps the refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage section 34c to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b.

  A dilute solution tube 55 that guides the dilute solution Sw in the reservoir 31c to the high temperature regenerator 32A and the low temperature regenerator 32B is connected to the bottom of the absorber 31. The dilute solution tube 55 is provided with a solution pump 38 that pumps the dilute solution Sw to both the regenerators 32A and 32B. The solution pump 38 is typically configured such that the rotation speed can be adjusted by an inverter (not shown) so that the dilute solution Sw having a flow rate corresponding to the refrigeration load can be pumped. It is configured. A low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 that performs heat exchange between the dilute solution Sw and the mixed concentrated solution Sc is disposed in the dilute solution pipe 55 on the downstream side of the solution pump 38. The low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is also connected with a concentrated solution tube 56 for flowing the mixed concentrated solution Sc. The low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 is typically a plate heat exchanger, but may be a shell and tube type or other heat exchanger.

  The dilute solution pipe 55 is branched downstream of the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 into a dilute solution pipe 55A connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A and a dilute solution pipe 55B connected to the low temperature regenerator 32B. The dilute solution tube 55A is provided with a high temperature solution heat exchanger 35 that performs heat exchange between the dilute solution Sw and the high temperature concentrated solution Sa. The high temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is also connected with a high temperature concentrated solution tube 56A through which the high temperature concentrated solution Sa flows. The high-temperature solution heat exchanger 35 is typically a plate heat exchanger, but may be a shell and tube type or other heat exchanger.

  The dilute solution tube 55A is connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A. A hot concentrated solution tube 56A is connected to the high temperature regenerator 32A. In addition, a refrigerant vapor pipe 58 for flowing the generated high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is connected to the high-temperature regenerator 32A.

  The low-temperature regenerator 32B is provided with a heating vapor pipe 32Ba for flowing a high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va serving as a heating source for heating the dilute solution Sw. One end of the heating steam pipe 32Ba is connected to the refrigerant steam pipe 58. The other end is connected to the condensed refrigerant pipe 59. The condensed refrigerant pipe 59 is a pipe that guides the refrigerant liquid Vd, in which the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is condensed in the heating vapor pipe 32Ba, to the condenser 33. The low temperature regenerator 32B is provided with a dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb for spraying the introduced dilute solution Sw toward the heating steam pipe 32Ba. The dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb is connected to the dilute solution tube 55B.

  The condenser 33 is provided with a cooling water pipe 33a through which the cooling water q for cooling the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb generated in the low-temperature regenerator 32B flows. One end of the cooling water pipe 33a is connected to the cooling water pipe 31a in the absorber 31 via a pipe 53, and the other end is connected to a cooling tower (not shown) via a pipe 54.

  Both the condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B are formed in a shell and tube type in one can body, and a partition wall 33d is provided between them. The condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B communicate with each other at the upper part of the partition wall 33d, and the low temperature refrigerant vapor Vb generated in the low temperature regenerator 32B can be moved to the condenser 33. The can body in which the condenser 33 and the low temperature regenerator 32B are formed is disposed above the can body in which the absorber 31 and the evaporator 34 are formed, and the low temperature concentrated solution in the low temperature regenerator 32B. Sb can be sent to the absorber 31 and the refrigerant liquid Vf in the condenser 33 can be sent to the evaporator 34 by gravity, respectively.

  Connected to the bottom of the low temperature regenerator 32B is a low temperature concentrated solution pipe 56B through which the low temperature concentrated solution Sb having an increased concentration passes. A high temperature concentrated solution tube 56A is connected to the low temperature concentrated solution tube 56B to form a concentrated solution tube 56. The concentrated solution tube 56 is connected to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b via the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36. Connected to the bottom of the condenser 33 is a refrigerant liquid pipe 60 that guides the refrigerant liquid Vf toward the evaporator 34. The refrigerant liquid Vf is a refrigerant liquid in which the refrigerant liquid Vc obtained by condensing the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb and the refrigerant liquid Vd obtained by condensing the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va in the heating vapor pipe 32Ba and cooled by the condenser 33 are mixed.

  1 and 2, the operation of the high temperature regenerator 32 </ b> A will be described together with the operation of the absorption refrigerator 30. First, the refrigerant-side cycle of the absorption refrigerator 30 will be described with reference to FIG. In the condenser 33, the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb evaporated in the low-temperature regenerator 32B is received, cooled and condensed by the cooling water q supplied from the cooling tower (not shown) and flowing through the cooling water pipe 33a, and the refrigerant liquid Vc. To do. The condensed refrigerant liquid Vc is mixed with the refrigerant liquid Vd to be sent to the evaporator 34 as the refrigerant liquid Vf, and stored in the storage section 34c as the refrigerant liquid Vf. The refrigerant liquid Vf stored in the storage part 34c is sent to the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b by the refrigerant pump 39. When the refrigerant liquid Vf of the evaporator 34 is sprayed from the refrigerant liquid spray nozzle 34b to the cold water pipe 34a, the refrigerant liquid Vf is evaporated by receiving heat from the cold water p in the cold water pipe 34a, while the cold water p is cooled. The chilled cold water p is sent to a place (not shown) that uses cold heat for use. On the other hand, the refrigerant liquid Vf evaporated by the evaporator 34 becomes the refrigerant vapor Ve and moves to the absorber 31 in communication.

  Next, the cycle on the solution side of the absorption refrigerator 30 will be described. In the absorber 31, a high-concentration solution Sc is sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31 b, and the solution Sc absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve generated in the evaporator 34 to become a dilute solution Sw. The dilute solution Sw is stored in the storage unit 31c. Absorption heat generated when the solution Sc absorbs the refrigerant vapor Ve is removed by the cooling water q flowing through the cooling water pipe 31a. The dilute solution Sw in the reservoir 31c is pumped by the solution pump 38 to the high temperature regenerator 32A and the low temperature regenerator 32B. In addition, it is good also as a structure which circulates the solution collected in the storage part 31c with a solution circulation pump (not shown), and sprays it on the cooling water pipe 31a. If it does in this way, the cooling water pipe | tube 31a can be fully wetted with a solution, and the bias | inclination of the solution which contacts the cooling water pipe | tube 31a can be prevented. Further, the solution pump 38 may be configured to double as a solution circulation pump. In this case, a pipe may be branched from the dilute solution pipe 55 between the solution pump 38 and the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and connected to the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b.

  The dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 55 is first separated by heat exchange by heat exchange with the mixed concentrated solution Sc in the low temperature solution heat exchanger 36, and partly diverted, and partly flows through the dilute solution tube 55A to be a high temperature solution heat exchanger. 35, and the remainder flows through the dilute solution tube 55B and is led to the low temperature regenerator 32B. The dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution pipe 55A and flowing into the high temperature solution heat exchanger 35 flows through the dilute solution pipe 55A after heat exchange with the high temperature concentrated solution Sa derived from the high temperature regenerator 32A and the temperature rises. It is introduced into the high temperature regenerator 32A.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 1, the operation of the high-temperature regenerator 32A will be described. The dilute solution Sw that has been pumped through the dilute solution pipe 55A by the solution pump 38 flows into the lower header 14 via the dilute solution supply pipe 11. At this time, the dilute solution flows so as to flow in the annular tangential direction below the center of the lower header 14. The dilute solution Sw flowing into the lower header 14 is controlled in flow rate by adjusting the rotational speed of the solution pump 38 and is always supplied into the lower header 14 during operation of the absorption refrigerator 30. Due to the dynamic pressure when the dilute solution Sw always supplied into the lower header 14 is led out from the dilute solution supply tube 11, a circulating flow Rs is always formed in the lower header 14. Since the supply amount of the dilute solution Sw to the lower header 14 changes depending on the refrigeration load of the absorption refrigerator 30, the discharge pressure of the dilute solution Sw from the opening at the end of the dilute solution supply pipe 11 also changes accordingly. The flow rate of the circulating flow Rs in the lower header 14 also changes.

  The diluted solution Sw flows into the lower header 14 via the diluted solution supply pipe 11, while the excess hot concentrated solution Sa in the gas-liquid separator 18 flows into the lower header 14 via the concentrated solution supply pipe 12. Inflow. At this time, the hot concentrated solution Sa flows in such a manner that it flows downward from the center of the lower header 14 toward the annular center. In other words, the hot concentrated solution Sa flows in a direction crossing the circulating flow Rs. By flowing in in this way, the hot concentrated solution Sa is subdivided by the shearing force of the circulating flow Rs of the dilute solution Sw, and quickly mixed with the dilute solution Sw and diluted. Further, since the dilute solution Sw and the concentrated solution Sa flow into the lower header 14 below the center, they are mixed and diluted to reach the liquid tube 10 connected to the upper surface of the lower header 14. Further, since the high temperature concentrated solution Sa flows into the vicinity of the opening at the end of the dilute solution supply pipe 11, the concentration of the solution in the lower header 14 becomes substantially uniform, and the liquid pipe near the opening end of the concentrated solution supply pipe 12. 10 can be prevented from flowing an overconcentrated solution. Thereby, the promotion of corrosion of the liquid pipe 10 connected to the lower header 14 is suppressed.

  Even if the flow of the dilute solution Sw discharged from the open end of the dilute solution supply pipe 11 is strong or weak, the discharge flow from the open end is formed by controlling the flow rate of the dilute solution Sw flowing into the lower header 14. If possible, a shearing force for subdividing the hot concentrated solution Sa can be secured, and the hot concentrated solution Sa is mixed with the diluted solution Sw discharged from the opening end of the diluted solution supply pipe 11 and the circulating flow Rs in the lower header 14. . As a result, the dilute solution Sw supplied from the absorber 31 (see FIG. 2) supplied to the lower header 14 and the excess high-temperature concentrated solution Sa from the gas-liquid separator 18 are sufficiently mixed before each liquid tube. 10, the solution concentration difference flowing into each liquid tube 10 is eliminated to make the concentration uniform, and an overconcentrated solution does not flow into the liquid tube 10 near the opening end of the concentrated solution supply tube 12. The damage due to the corrosion of the high temperature regenerator 32A can be eliminated.

  The dilute solution Sw that forms a circulating flow Rs that circulates in the lower header 14 rises in the plurality of liquid tubes 10 toward the upper header 15 by the pressure of the solution pump 38 (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, in the combustion chamber 20, combustion gas such as gas and oil and combustion air are introduced, and the combustion fuel is ignited and burned by the burner 16 to generate combustion gas. The dilute solution Sw is heated by the combustion gas in the process of ascending each liquid pipe 10, and the refrigerant evaporates to generate the refrigerant vapor Va. At the same time, the concentration of the solution rises to become a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. The high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va generated in the plurality of liquid pipes 10 and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa are mixed and introduced into the upper header 15 and collected, and flow into the gas-liquid separator 18 through the gas-liquid introduction pipe 18A. .

  The fluid mixture of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa flowing into the gas-liquid separator 18 is separated in the gas-liquid separator 18. The separated high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is led out from the refrigerant vapor pipe 58. On the other hand, most of the separated hot concentrated solution Sa is led out from the high temperature regenerator 32A by being led out from the hot concentrated solution pipe 56A, and the surplus flows through the concentrated solution return pipe 18B and flows into the lower header 14. And mixed with the dilute solution Sw. Note that the mixed fluid of the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa is once collected by the upper header 15 and then sent to the gas-liquid separator 18 to be separated, so that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va and the high-temperature concentrated solution Sa are separated. Separation from is easy.

  Returning to FIG. 2 again, the description of the solution-side cycle will be continued. The hot concentrated solution Sa, which is led out from the high temperature regenerator 32A and flows through the high temperature concentrated solution tube 56A, is guided to the high temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and exchanges heat with the dilute solution Sw toward the high temperature regenerator 32A, and the temperature decreases. On the other hand, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va derived from the high-temperature regenerator 32A and flowing through the refrigerant vapor pipe 58 flows into the heating vapor pipe 32Ba of the low-temperature regenerator 32B.

  Now, the dilute solution Sw flowing through the dilute solution tube 55B and guided to the low temperature regenerator 32B is sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb. The dilute solution Sw sprayed from the dilute solution spray nozzle 32Bb is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flowing through the heating steam pipe 32Ba, and the refrigerant in the dilute solution Sw in the low-temperature regenerator 32B evaporates to become the low-temperature concentrated solution Sb. . On the other hand, the refrigerant evaporated from the dilute solution Sw is sent to the condenser 33 as the low-temperature refrigerant vapor Vb. The low temperature concentrated solution Sb whose temperature has been increased by receiving heat from the high temperature refrigerant vapor Va is led out to the low temperature concentrated solution pipe 56B by gravity and the pressure in the low temperature regenerator 32B. Note that the high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va flowing through the heating vapor pipe 32Ba is deprived of heat by the dilute solution Sw and condensed into the refrigerant liquid Vd, flows through the condensed refrigerant pipe 59, and is introduced into the condenser 33.

  The low temperature concentrated solution Sb derived from the low temperature regenerator 32B and flowing through the low temperature concentrated solution tube 56B joins and mixes with the high temperature concentrated solution tube Sa derived from the high temperature solution heat exchanger 35 and flowing through the high temperature concentrated solution tube 56A. The concentrated solution Sc flows through the concentrated solution tube 56. Thereafter, the mixed concentrated solution Sc flows into the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 36 and exchanges heat with the dilute solution Sw derived from the absorber 31, and the temperature decreases. The mixed concentrated solution Sc having a lowered temperature is guided to the absorber 31 and sprayed from the concentrated solution spray nozzle 31b toward the cooling water pipe 31a. Thereafter, the same cycle is repeated.

In the above description, the high-temperature regenerator is the once-through regenerator 32A, but may be a natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining a natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The main difference between the configuration of the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N and the configuration of the once-through regenerator 32A (see FIG. 1) is as follows. Instead of the lower header 14 and the upper header 15 provided in the once-through regenerator 32A and the liquid pipe 10 that communicates these, the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N includes a lower body 44, an upper annular member as a liquid chamber. As an upper body 45, and a liquid pipe 40 communicating these. The lower barrel 44 corresponds to the lower header 14, the upper barrel 45 corresponds to the upper header 15, and the liquid tube 40 corresponds to the liquid tube 10. The lower barrel 44 and the upper barrel 45 are formed in an annular shape, and the horizontal cross section is formed in the same manner as the lower header 14 and the upper header 15. In the vertical cross section, the lower body 44 is formed in the same manner as the lower header 14, but the upper body 45 is also formed vertically long near the upper header 15. Further, the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N is not provided with the gas-liquid separator 18 provided in the once-through regenerator 32A, and the gas-liquid introduction pipe 18A and the concentrated solution return pipe 18B around this, Instead, an upper body 45 provided with a weir 45a inside, and an external liquid discharge pipe 48 for returning a part of the concentrated solution Sa in the upper body 45 to the lower body 44 are provided. As will be described later, the upper body 45 having the weir 45a has a gas-liquid separation function. That is, the upper body 45 having the weir 45a also serves as a gas-liquid separator. The external downfall pipe 48 corresponds to the concentrated solution return pipe 18B. The other configuration of the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N is the same as that of the once-through regenerator 32A.

  The lower body 44 is provided with the dilute solution supply pipe 11 (or dilute solution supply pipe 11A) and the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 in the same manner as that provided in the lower header 14. An external downfall pipe 48 is connected to the concentrated solution supply pipe 12. The upper body 45 has a refrigerant vapor pipe 58 connected to the upper surface, and a hot concentrated solution pipe 56A and an external downfall pipe 48 connected to the lower side. The high-temperature concentrated solution pipe 56A and the external downfall pipe 48 are disposed so as to be substantially opposite to each other. As described above, the upper body 45 has a vertically long vertical cross section. The upper body 45 has a weir 45a disposed therein. The weir 45 a is formed so that the horizontal cross section is annular, and the size of the weir 45 a surrounds all the liquid pipes 40 and is smaller than the outer periphery of the upper body 45. The height of the weir 45a is typically about half of the height of the upper trunk 45, and is at least higher than the higher one of the upper ends of the connection portions of the high-temperature concentrated solution pipe 56A and the external downfall pipe 48. It has become.

  In the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N, natural circulation occurs due to a difference in density caused by a difference in concentration or a temperature difference between the lower drum 44, the upper drum 45, and the solution in the liquid tube 40. Also in the natural circulation liquid pipe regenerator 32N, the dilute solution Sw flowing into the lower barrel 44 via the dilute solution supply pipe 11 (11A) flows in the annular tangential direction below the center of the lower barrel 44. An inflowing circulation flow Rs (see FIG. 1B) is formed. On the other hand, the excessive high-temperature concentrated solution Sa in the upper body 45 flows into the lower body 44 through the external liquid dropping pipe 48 and the concentrated solution supply pipe 12 toward the annular center. By flowing in in this way, the hot concentrated solution Sa is subdivided by the shearing force of the circulating flow Rs of the dilute solution Sw, and quickly mixed with the dilute solution Sw and diluted. Further, since the dilute solution Sw and the concentrated solution Sa flow into the lower body 44 below the center, the dilute solution Sw and the concentrated solution Sa are mixed and diluted to reach the liquid pipe 40 connected to the upper surface of the lower body 44. Further, since the hot concentrated solution Sa flows in the vicinity of the opening at the end of the dilute solution supply pipe 11, the concentration of the solution in the lower body 44 becomes substantially uniform, and the liquid pipe 40 near the opening end of the concentrated solution supply pipe 12. It is possible to prevent an over-concentrated solution from flowing in. Thereby, the promotion of corrosion of the liquid pipe 40 connected to the lower body 44 is suppressed.

  The dilute solution Sw that rises in the liquid pipe 40 by natural circulation is heated by the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 20 to generate high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va from the dilute solution Sw to become a high-temperature concentrated solution Sa. It flows into the upper body 45 in a mixed phase state and is separated in the upper body 45. The separated high-temperature refrigerant vapor Va is led out through the refrigerant vapor pipe 58. On the other hand, the hot concentrated solution Sa flows over the weir 45a to the outside, and most of the hot concentrated solution Sa is led out through the hot concentrated solution pipe 56A, and the surplus is led to the lower trunk 44 through the external downfall pipe 48. .

  In the above description, the absorption refrigerator 30 is described as being a double effect absorption refrigerator, but may be a single effect absorption refrigerator or a triple effect absorption refrigerator. In the case of a single effect absorption refrigerator, the high temperature regenerators 32A and 32N described in the present embodiment can be used as a regenerator, and in the case of a triple effect absorption refrigerator, the high temperature described in the present embodiment. The regenerators 32A and 32N may be regenerators having the highest operating temperature.

It is a mimetic diagram explaining the high temperature regenerator concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a high temperature regenerator, (b) is a cross-sectional view of a lower header portion, and (c) is a detailed view of a dilute solution outlet tube according to a modification. It is a systematic diagram explaining the absorption refrigerator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram explaining the natural circulation liquid pipe type | mold regenerator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the solution in the lower header of the conventional once-through regenerator.

Explanation of symbols

10 Liquid pipe 11 Dilute solution supply pipe 12 Concentrated solution supply pipe 14 Lower header (liquid chamber)
15 Upper header (upper ring member)
18 Gas-liquid separator 18B Concentrated solution return pipe 30 Absorption refrigerator 31 Absorber 32A High temperature regenerator 32B Low temperature regenerator 32N High temperature regenerator 33 Condenser 34 Evaporator 40 Liquid pipe 44 Lower body (liquid chamber)
45 Upper trunk (upper ring member)
p Cooled medium Rs Circulating flow Sa Hot concentrated solution Sc Mixed concentrated solution Sw Dilute solution Va Refrigerant vapor Ve Refrigerant vapor Vf Refrigerant liquid

Claims (4)

A plurality of liquid tubes for flowing solution therein;
An annularly formed liquid chamber for distributing the solution from the lower part of the liquid pipe to the liquid pipe;
A dilute solution supply pipe for introducing a dilute solution having a predetermined concentration into the liquid chamber, which is pumped to form a circulating flow in the liquid chamber;
A concentrated solution supply pipe for introducing a concentrated solution having a concentration of the solution higher than the concentration of the diluted solution into the liquid chamber downstream from a position where the diluted solution is introduced and in a direction crossing the circulating flow. And comprising:
High temperature regenerator. An upper annular member for collecting the solution heated in a plurality of the liquid tubes;
A gas-liquid separator that introduces the heated solution from the upper annular member and separates it into a refrigerant vapor and a concentrated solution;
A concentrated solution return pipe for introducing the separated concentrated solution into the concentrated solution supply pipe;
The high temperature regenerator according to claim 1. The outlet of the concentrated solution in the concentrated solution supply pipe is disposed in the vicinity of the outlet of the diluted solution in the diluted solution supply pipe;
The high temperature regenerator according to claim 1 or 2. A high-temperature regenerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3;
A condenser for introducing refrigerant from the high temperature regenerator;
An evaporator that introduces the refrigerant liquid condensed in the condenser and evaporates the refrigerant liquid with heat of a medium to be cooled;
An absorber that introduces the concentrated solution, absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator with the concentrated solution, and guides the diluted solution having a reduced concentration toward the liquid chamber;
Absorption refrigerator.

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