JP2009287367A - Excavating machine of hammer grab bucket type - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excavating machine of a hammer grab bucket type capable of surely grabbing soil by employing a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: A block movement control mechanism 30 can keep a slide block 14 at a second position, and allows the slide block 14 to move to a first position when a grab bucket dropped to collide against the ground makes a penetration into the ground. The grab bucket is closed if the grab bucket dropped to collide against the ground grabs soil, the grab bucket is kept open if the bucket dropped to collide against the ground does not grab the soil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hammaglab type excavator.

Conventionally, hammaglabs and clamshell buckets used for shaft excavation have been proposed.
JP 2006-348469 (abstract) JP2008-31803 (abstract) JP-A-7-217357 (abstract)

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the hammer magnet shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 includes an opening / closing mechanism 5. The grab bucket 3 is held in an open state indicated by a two-dot chain line by the opening / closing mechanism 5 and falls and collides with the ground. After the first hanging tool 11 is loosened during the drop collision, the first hanging tool 11 is pulled up, so that the grab bucket 3 is moved to the closed state by the opening / closing mechanism 5 to grasp the soil. .

  However, in a layer of hard rock or concrete, the grab bucket 3 may not easily bite into the ground or concrete layer. In such a case, the hammaglab 1 is lifted to the ground without the grab bucket 3 grasping the soil. For this reason, once the empty hammaglab 1 once lifted is transferred to the open state again and then lowered again into the ground, the working efficiency is significantly reduced. In particular, when deep excavation is performed, it takes time to raise and lower the hammaglab 1 and the work efficiency is greatly reduced.

On the other hand, the clamshell bucket of Patent Document 3 is arranged in a casing tube. The casing tube is provided with a pushing mechanism for pushing the casing tube. The clamshell bucket is provided so that a pair of clamshells can be opened and closed on the distal end side of an extendable column.
After lowering the clamshell bucket into the ground, when the casing tube is pushed into the ground by the pushing mechanism, the rear end side of the pillar is pushed by the casing tube, the pillar shrinks, and the clamshell closes Grab the soil.
However, it is necessary to provide a mechanism for engaging the clamshell bucket with the casing tube, an extendable column, and the like, which complicates the apparatus.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hammaglab type excavator capable of grasping soil discharge with a simple structure.

  In order to achieve the main object, a hammer magnet type excavator of the present invention includes a grab bucket in which a pair of grabs open and close, a hammer head that supports the grab bucket so as to be opened and closed above the grab bucket, and the hammer A first flexible block connected to a slide block slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the head, a crown fitted to an upper portion of the block, and an opening / closing mechanism that passes through the crown and the slide block and opens and closes the grab bucket. A hanger, a second hanger for suspending the crown, a slide spring for biasing the slide block to a lower first position, and the hammer head provided on the hammer head to hold the slide block at an upper second position. A head latch that is provided on the crown and the slide block when the crown is pulled up by the second suspension. A crown latch that engages with the hook, and a latch that is fixed to the first suspension and engages with and disengages from the head latch, and the grab bucket is loaded on the first suspension via the opening and closing mechanism. When the slide block is held at the second position, the grab bucket is held in an open state, whereby the open grab bucket can be dropped and collided with the ground. The first suspension is loosened, the slide block is in the first position, the grab bucket is closed, and the soil can be grasped. The crown latch of the crown is engaged with the slide block, and the second suspension It is possible to move the grab bucket while maintaining the open state via the opening, and the grab bucket is attached to the first suspension via the opening / closing mechanism. In the hammer digging excavator capable of opening the grab bucket holding the soil by being loaded and holding the slide block in the second position again, the slide block is moved to the second position. And a block operation control mechanism that allows the slide block to move to the first position when the grab bucket has entered the ground when the fall collision occurs. The grab bucket is closed when the grab bucket grasps the soil when falling, and the grab bucket is opened when the grab bucket does not grasp the soil when the collision occurs. It is possible to hold it.

According to the present invention, when the grab bucket does not grasp the discharged soil when falling, the grab bucket can be kept open. Can be dropped and collided. As a result, the grab bucket can be lifted in a state in which the soil is reliably grasped, so that the work efficiency is greatly improved.
Further, since it is not necessary to provide a mechanism for engaging the clamshell bucket with the casing tube or an extendable column, the structure can be simplified and can be manufactured at low cost.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the block operation control mechanism includes a holder for holding the slide block in the upper second position, and the earth removal when the grab bucket grasps the earth removal. And a trigger section that releases the holding of the holder by receiving a force from the position and enables the slide block to move to a first position below.
According to this aspect, by providing a holding tool and a trigger part in a general hammaglab type excavator, production efficiency can be improved and production can be performed at low cost.

First, a general hammer magnet type excavation apparatus and excavation method will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, a hammaglab type excavator (hammaglab) 1 includes a substantially cylindrical grab body 2 and a grab bucket 3 that opens and closes a pair of grabs 3 a attached to the lower end of the grab body 2. ing. In the lower part of the grab body 2, a soil intrusion portion 2a into which the soil is infiltrated is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the hammer 1 is dropped in an open state where the grabs 3 a are open to each other, and after the grab bucket 3 collides with the ground and excavates the ground with the grabs 3 a, the grab 3 a Are moved to the closed state close to each other and lifted to the ground while holding the soil, the grab 3a is again moved to the open state, the grab bucket 3 is opened, and the soil is discharged to the ground.

Hereinafter, each part of the hammaglab 1 will be described.
Opening / closing mechanism 5:
The grab bucket 3 is shifted to the open state shown in FIG. 7 and the closed state shown in FIG.
The opening / closing mechanism 5 includes, for example, a link mechanism 40 shown in FIG. 7, a pulley (not shown), a spring, and the like. The grab bucket 3 is biased to the open state shown in FIG. 7 by the spring.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the opening / closing mechanism 5 is connected to a first hanging tool 11 made of, for example, a wire rope. As will be described later, when the first lifting tool 11 is pulled up, the grab bucket 3 shifts to a closed state via the link mechanism 40 and the pulley shown in FIG. 8A.
As the opening / closing mechanism, for example, the opening / closing mechanism of a hammaglab described in JP-A-2008-31803 can be used.

Hammerhead 10:
A hammer head 10 that supports the grab bucket 3 to be openable and closable is joined to the upper portion of the grab body 2. As will be described below, the hammer head 10 is provided with a mechanism for moving the grab bucket 3 to an open state or a closed state and maintaining each state.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, a substantially cylindrical slide block 14 slidable in the vertical direction Z with respect to the hammer head 10 is provided in the hammer head 10. The first hanger 11 passes through the slide block 14 and is connected to the opening / closing mechanism 5 (FIG. 6B).

  A slide spring 18 is provided between the hammer head 10 and the slide block 14. The slide spring 18 is locked between a lower end portion of the hammer head 10 and a flange portion 14 d formed at the lower end portion of the slide block 14.

As shown in FIG. 1B, when the slide spring 18 is extended, the upper end portion 10a of the hammer head 10 is brought into contact with the engaging portion 14a formed around the slide block 14, and the slide block 14 is in the first position. Is moved relative to
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1A, when the slide spring 18 is contracted, the slide spring 18 contracts between the lower end of the hammer head 10 and the flange 14d of the slide block 14, and the slide block 14 Relatively moved to 2 positions.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the hammer head 10 is provided with a plurality of head latches 16. Each head latch 16 is provided so as to be rotatable around a head latch pin 17. On the other hand, a latch 12 that is engaged with and disengaged from the head latch 16 is fixed to the first hanger 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, when the slide block 14 moves to the second position, the tip end portion of the head latch 16 protrudes into the slide block 14, and the latch 12 is engaged with the head latch 16, Ascent of the first hanger 11 with respect to the slide block 14 is restricted. By holding the slide block 14 in the second position, the grab bucket 3 is held in the open state by the opening / closing mechanism 5 as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the slide block 14 moves to the first position, the head latch 16 rotates, and the protrusion of the tip portion of the head latch 16 into the slide block 14 is released. As shown in FIG. 2A, the raising of the latch 12 is allowed. Since the raising of the latch 12 is allowed, the first hanging tool 11 is pulled up with respect to the slide block 14, and the grab bucket 3 is held in the closed state by the opening / closing mechanism 5 as shown in FIG. 8A.

  Therefore, when the slide block 14 is held at the second position, the grab bucket 3 is held in the open state shown in FIG. When the first lifting tool 11 is loosened rapidly, the hammaglab 1 descends and the opened grab bucket 3 falls and collides with the ground, and the grab 3a enters the ground.

When the grab bucket 3 falls and collides with the ground, the first hanging tool 11 is loosened, and the slide block 14 moves to the first position shown in FIG. 1B. After that, when the first lifting tool 11 is pulled up as shown in FIG. 2A, the grab bucket 3 shifts to the closed state via the link mechanism 40 and the pulley shown in FIG. 8A, and the grab bucket 3 enters the closed state. While being held, the hammaglab 1 is pulled up to the ground.
Therefore, after causing the grab bucket 3 in the open state to fall and collide with the ground, the grab bucket 3 is closed and the hammag lab 1 is lifted in a state where the grab bucket 3 and the soil intrusion part 2a are grasped, The ground can be excavated.

Crown 20:
The crown 20 is used to discharge the soil in the grab bucket 3 and the soil intrusion portion 2a by moving the closed grab bucket 3 to the open state again.
In order to discharge the soil, the crown 20 that engages with the upper portion of the slide block 14 is lowered above the slide block 14 as shown in FIG. 2B.

A support portion 26 is formed on the upper portion of the substantially cylindrical crown 20. A pair of second suspenders 22 for suspending the crown 20 are engaged with the support portion 26. As the 2nd lifting tool 22, a wire rope, a chain, etc. can be used, for example.
On the other hand, the first hanger 11 is connected to an opening / closing mechanism 5 (FIG. 6B) that passes through the crown 20 and the slide block 14 and opens and closes the grab bucket 3.

  The crown 20 is provided with a plurality of crown latches 24. Each of the crown latches 24 is set to be rotatable around a crown latch pin 25. On the other hand, a weight 23 that engages with an end portion of the crown latch 24 in the radial direction (the outer peripheral direction of the crown 20) is provided around the lower portion of the crown body 21 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction Z.

  When the slide block 14 is in the first position, the end of the crown latch 24 in the radial direction is engaged with the upper portion of the engagement hole 27 formed in the weight 23, so The latch 24 opens as shown in FIG. 2B and allows the tip portion 14 c of the slide block 14 to pass through the crown 20.

  When the crown 20 is lowered and the bottom of the weight 23 of the crown 20 comes into contact with the head main body 13 of the hammer head 10 as shown in FIG. 3A, the weight 23 moves relative to the upper Z2, and the radial direction of the crown latch 24 Is in contact with the lower portion of the engagement hole 27 of the weight 23, the crown latch 24 rotates about the crown latch pin 25, and the tip of the crown latch 24 protrudes into the crown 20.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the second lifting tool 22 is pulled up, the engaging portion 14b formed on the upper portion of the slide block 14 and the tip end portion of the crown latch 24 are engaged.

As shown in FIG. 4A, when the first suspender 11 is slightly loosened while the crown 20 is engaged with the slide block 14, the slide block 14 is supported by the crown 20. As the slide block 14 is supported by the crown 20, the weight of the grab body 2 is applied to the hammer head 10 joined to the grab body 2, and the hammer head 10 is lowered with respect to the slide block 14. Is moved to the second position. When the slide block 14 moves to the second position, a gap is generated between the lower end portion of the crown 20 and the upper end portion of the hammer head 10.
When the hammer head 10 is lowered, the head latch 16 is rotated, and the tip of the head latch 16 protrudes into the slide block 14. In the second state, the head latch pin 17 is set at an eccentric position so that the tip of the head latch pin 17 shown in FIG. 4B protrudes.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the first hanger 11 is further loosened, the latch 12 rotates the head latch 16 as indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the first hanger 11 moves downward. When the first lifting tool 11 is lowered, the spring of the grab main body 2 shown in FIG. 7 is extended, the grab bucket 3 is shifted to the open state, and the soil in the grab bucket 3 and the soil intrusion part 2a is discharged. .

  Thereafter, when the first lifting tool 11 is pulled up, as shown in FIG. 5A, the latch 12 is engaged with the tip of the head latch pin 17, and the open state of the grab bucket 3 is maintained.

In order to perform excavation with the hammaglab 1 again, the engagement between the crown 20 and the slide block 14 is released, and the crown 20 is removed from the hammaglab 1.
As shown in FIG. 5A, when the first suspension member 11 is pulled up with the slide block 14 in the second position, the slide block 14 rises with respect to the crown 20, and the engagement portion 14b of the slide block 14 and the crown The engagement with the latch pin 25 is released. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the second suspender 22 is slightly raised with the grab body 2 supported by the first suspender 11, the crown body 21 rises with respect to the weight 23, and the crown latch 24 When the end portion in the radial direction is engaged with the upper portion of the engagement hole 27, the end portion in the radial direction of the crown latch 24 is pushed, the crown latch 24 is rotated, and the crown latch 24 is opened.
As shown in FIG. 6A, when the crown 20 is further raised, the crown 20 can be detached from the hammer head 10 without the engaging portion 14 b engaging with the crown latch 24.

  Thereafter, the ground grab bucket 3 shown in FIG. 1a is dropped and collided with the ground to excavate the ground again.

Block operation control mechanism 30:
Next, the main part of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7, the grab main body 2 is provided with a block operation control mechanism 30.
The block operation control mechanism 30 includes a holder 35, a wire 32, a spring 33, and a trigger part 34.

The holder 35 shown in FIG. 9A is provided so as to be rotatable about a rotation center 31, and the front end of the slide block 14 on the side of the flange 14 d is engaged with the hook 14 d. A portion 35a is provided, and the wire 32 is attached to the rear end portion 35b.
The wire 32 is fixed to the upper end portion of the trigger portion 34 shown in FIG.
The lower part of the trigger part 34 is provided so as to protrude into the soil intrusion part 2 a of the grab body 2. An upper end portion of the trigger portion 34 is urged by the spring 33 in the downward direction Z1.
The wire 32 is slidably provided in the protective pipe 36.
Other configurations are the same as those of the general hammaglab 1 described above, and the same portions or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  When the hammaglab 1 falls and collides with the ground and the soil enters into the soil intrusion portion 2a, as shown in FIG. 8A, the trigger portion 34 is raised by the soil removal and the wire 32 is loosened.

As shown in FIG. 9B, due to the looseness of the wire 32, the holder 35 rotates about the rotation center 31, the engagement with the flange 14d is released, and the slide block 14 moves to the first position. .
As the slide block 14 is moved, the head latch 16 is rotated, and the protrusion of the tip portion of the head latch 16 into the slide block 14 is released, so that the latch 12 is allowed to rise. Therefore, the first hanger 11 is pulled up, and the grab bucket 3 is held in the closed state by the opening / closing mechanism 5 as shown in FIG. 8A.

On the other hand, when the ground is hard and no soil has penetrated into the soil intrusion part 2a, the trigger part 34 in FIG. 7 does not rise, so the slide block 14 in FIG. 9A is held in the second position. Will remain. Therefore, until the soil enters into the soil intrusion part 2a, the grab bucket 3 is kept open and the first suspension 11 is repeatedly raised and lowered, and the hammer 1 is collided with the ground many times. Can be dropped.
Therefore, since the grab bucket 3 of FIG. 7 is maintained in an open state until the grab bucket 3 sufficiently grasps the soil, the grab bucket 3 can grasp the soil reliably.

  Thereafter, when the grab bucket 3 is lifted by grasping the soil, and when the grab bucket 3 is shifted to the open state in order to discard the soil, the trigger 33 in FIG. 8A is raised by the spring 33. Then, the trigger unit 34 in FIG. By the transition of the trigger portion 34, as shown in FIG. 9A, the locking portion 35a of the holding tool 35 returns to the position where it supports the flange portion 14d of the slide block 14 from below, and the slide block 14 is held at the second position. Is done.

As the block operation control mechanism, when the grab bucket 3 grasps the soil, the grab bucket 3 is closed. On the other hand, when the grab bucket 3 does not grasp the soil at the rotation center 31 that has fallen and collided. Any mechanism that can maintain the open state of the grab bucket 3 may be used, and various mechanisms may be employed in addition to the above-described mechanism.
For example, a hydraulic mechanism as shown in FIG. 8B may be employed.
As shown in FIG. 8B, a bar 38 for rotating the holder 35 is connected to the holder 35. Each of the bar 38 and the trigger portion 34 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 37. The hydraulic cylinders 37 are connected to each other by a hydraulic pipe 36.
When the hammer mag 1 falls and collides with the ground and the soil enters into the intruding portion 2a (FIG. 8A), the trigger portion 34 rises and the bar 38 rises through a hydraulic mechanism including the hydraulic cylinder 37 and the hydraulic pipe 36. As a result, the holder 35 is rotated. The grab bucket 3 shifts to the closed state by the rotation of the holder 35.
In order to shift the grab bucket 3 to the open state again and shift the holder 35 to the initial state, a spring (not shown) is provided on the bar 38 side or the trigger portion 34 side, and the trigger portion is extended by the extension of the spring. 34 is lowered and the holder 35 is rotated to the initial state.

  The present invention can be used in a hammaglab type excavator.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part of a general hammer magnet type excavator. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part. FIG. 6A is a schematic sectional view showing the operation of the hammerhead portion, and FIG. 6B is a schematic side view showing a general hammer magnet type excavator. It is a schematic side view which shows the hammaglab type excavation apparatus of this invention. FIG. 8A is a schematic side view showing the excavator, and FIG. 8B is a schematic side view showing a modification of the block operation control mechanism. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the operation | movement of the hammer head part.

Explanation of symbols

1: Hammaglab 3: Grab bucket 3a: Grab 5: Opening / closing mechanism 10: Hammer head 11: First lifting device 12: Hatch 14: Slide block 16: Head latch 18: Slide spring 20: Crown 22: Second lifting device 24: Crown latch 30: Block operation control mechanism 34: Trigger part 35: Holder

Claims (2)

A grab bucket that opens and closes a pair of grabs;
A hammer head that supports the grab bucket to be openable and closable above the grab bucket;
A slide block slidable up and down with respect to the hammer head;
A crown that fits on top of the block;
A flexible first hanging tool that is connected to an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the grab bucket through the crown and the slide block;
A second suspension for suspending the crown;
A slide spring that biases the slide block to a first position below;
A head latch provided on the hammer head and holding the slide block in a second upper position;
A crown latch that is provided on the crown and engages the slide block when the crown is pulled up by the second suspension;
A latch fixed to the first hanging tool and engaged with and disengaged from the head latch,
The grab bucket is held in an open state when the grab bucket is loaded on the first hanging tool via the opening / closing mechanism and the slide block is held at the second position, whereby the grab bucket in the open state is held. It is possible to make the bucket fall and collide with the ground,
When the drop collision occurs, the first suspension is loosened, the slide block is in the first position, the grab bucket can be closed and the soil can be grasped.
Engaging the crown latch of the crown with the slide block to move the grab bucket while maintaining the open state via the second suspension; and
When the grab bucket is loaded on the first hanging tool via the opening / closing mechanism and the slide block is held again at the second position, it is possible to open the grab bucket holding the soil discharge. In the Hanmaglab type drilling rig,
The slide block can be held at the second position, and the slide block is allowed to move to the first position when the grab bucket enters the ground when the drop collision occurs. Providing a block operation control mechanism,
The grab bucket is closed when the grab bucket grasps the soil at the time of the falling collision, while the grab bucket is open when the grab bucket does not grasp the soil at the time of the collision. A hummaglab type excavator characterized by being able to hold the The block operation control mechanism according to claim 1,
A holder for holding the slide block in the second upper position;
A trigger unit that, when the grab bucket grasps the soil, releases the retainer by receiving a force from the soil and allows the slide block to move to the first position below. Hamaglab type drilling rig.

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