JP6387503B2 - Bucket equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bucket device for removing an obstacle existing in the ground or excavating a hard ground when excavating the ground to construct a pile or the like.

  When excavating the ground using an earth drill or the like to construct a cast-in-place concrete pile, if an obstacle such as a large cobblestone or an existing pile appears, the excavation work will be interrupted.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a lifting device for transporting a mass of a pre-made pile cut in the ground to remove the pre-made pile remaining in the ground. This lifting device has a configuration in which an underground obstacle can be gripped by closing a holding arm whose opening degree can be adjusted by a stopper mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a hammer grab for grabbing a rock or a lump of pre-cut piles. The hammer grab has a configuration in which the lower shell can be opened and closed by extending and contracting a hydraulic cylinder disposed in the upper portion.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, it is possible to remove a heavy obstacle by suspending a crown device for holding the hammer grab in an open state on a suspension wire different from the hammer grab. A configuration is disclosed.

  All of the lifting devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1-3 are configured to be suspended in the hole by a crane via a suspension wire. On the other hand, Patent Document 4 discloses an underground obstacle removing device attached to the lower end of a Keriba. The shell-like bottom cover of this removal device is also configured to open and close by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder.

JP 2012-41766 A JP 2009-13661 A JP 2008-31803 A JP 2003-214078 A

  However, since all of the devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 4 use a hydraulic cylinder to open and close the shell, wiring of a hydraulic cable into the hole is required.

  On the other hand, when the hammer grab and the crown device are combined as disclosed in Patent Document 3, the hydraulic cylinder can be used, but there is a risk that the suspension wire may be tangled or twisted. .

  And if it is temporarily used to remove an obstacle when excavating with a heavy machine equipped with a kelly bar such as an earth drill, an apparatus that can be mounted on the same kelly bar is desired.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a bucket apparatus that can be mounted on a Keriba and does not require a separate drive source.

  In order to achieve the above object, a bucket apparatus according to the present invention is a bucket apparatus for removing an obstacle in the ground or excavating the ground, and is disposed inside a cylindrical casing portion and the casing portion. In addition, a pair of shell portions whose ends serving as fulcrums for opening and closing are supported by the casing portion, a connecting portion connected to the lower end of the rotationally driven kelly bar, and the casing portion above the shell portion. A guide portion that is fixed and accommodates the connecting portion so as to be movable in the vertical direction; and the pair of shell portions are opened when the connecting portion is positioned below the guide portion, and the connection portion An arm part for connecting the connecting part and the shell part so that the pair of shell parts are closed when the part is located above the guide part; and the connecting part By the direction of rotation, characterized in that a locking portion provided in the lower portion of the projection and switching the connection portion capable of accommodating to the side of the guide portion.

  Here, a tip bit is provided at the lower end of the casing part, and when the lock part protrudes to the side of the guide part and the pair of shell parts are opened, the tip of the shell part is It can be set as the structure located above a front-end | tip bit.

  Further, the guide portion is formed in a rectangular tube shape and a notch portion is provided in the lower portion, the lower portion of the connecting portion is formed in a cylindrical shape and the lock portion is provided so as to protrude from the peripheral surface, The switching between the protrusion and the accommodation of the lock part can be performed by projecting or accommodating the lock part from the notch part.

  In the bucket device of the present invention configured as described above, the pair of shell portions are opened and closed by moving the connecting portion connected to the lower end of the kelly bar in the vertical direction.

  For this reason, when it hits the ground containing obstacles such as cobblestones or existing piles or hard soil or rocks during excavation with an earth drill, the bucket device can be attached to the Keriba instead of the excavation bucket. It is possible to shift to excavation work such as obstruction removal work or hard ground in time.

  Further, if the opening and closing of the shell portion can be controlled by the rotation and vertical movement of the kelly bar, a separate drive source such as a hydraulic cylinder is not required, and a simple configuration can be achieved.

  Furthermore, if the tip bit at the lower end of the casing part protrudes downward when the shell part is held open by the lock part, the tip bit pierces the ground first, and the surrounding ground is cut off. Therefore, the shell portion can be easily closed.

  If the shell can be kept open by projecting the lock from the notch in the square cylindrical guide, it will work reliably even in the stable liquid for drilling (bentonite mud). Can be made.

It is explanatory drawing partially cut in order to show the structure of the obstruction removal bucket of embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the connection part in the state locked by the lock part, and a guide part, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is the side view seen from the outer side of the guide part. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structure of the connection part and the arm part. It is a top view explaining the relationship between the connection part at the time of closing a shell part, and a guide part. It is explanatory drawing partly cut | disconnected in order to show the structure of an obstruction removal bucket when a shell part is closed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view showing a configuration of an obstacle removal bucket 1 as a bucket device of the present embodiment.

  The obstacle removal bucket 1 is a device that can be attached to an earth drill. Specifically, the obstacle removal bucket 1 is detachably attached to a lower end of a kelly bar 11 that is rotationally driven by an earth drill including a swivel body, a boom, a kerry rope, and a kelly bar. It is attached.

  First, from the configuration, the obstacle removal bucket 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with a cylindrical casing portion 2, a pair of shell portions 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B disposed inside the casing portion 2, and a lower end of the kelly bar 11. The connecting portion 4 to be connected, the guide portion 5 for accommodating the connecting portion 4 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, the arm portions 6A and 6B for connecting the connecting portion 4 and the shell portions 3A and 3B, and the connecting portion 4 It is mainly comprised by the lock part 43 provided in the lower part of this.

  The casing part 2 is a part which becomes the outer shell which covers the full length of the obstruction removal bucket 1, and is formed with a steel pipe. A plurality of tip bits 21 are provided at the lower end of the casing portion 2.

  For example, the casing part 2 can be formed of a steel pipe having a diameter of about 1 m and a length of about 2 m. In addition, the magnitude | size of this casing part 2 is an illustration to the last, Comprising: It can set arbitrarily according to the magnitude | size of a drilling hole, etc.

  And the guide part 5 is attached above the inner space of the casing part 2. As shown in FIG. 2A, the guide portion 5 includes a pair of support plates 51, 51 that are spanned substantially in parallel between the inner peripheral surfaces of the casing portion 2, and a partition that connects the support plates 51, 51. The plates 52 and 52 are formed in a square cylinder shape.

  FIG. 2B is a view of the guide portion 5 as viewed from the side surface side of the support plate 51. Both side edges of the rectangular support plate 51 are joined to the inner peripheral surface of the casing portion 2 by welding.

  The distance between the support plates 51 and 51 is slightly larger than the diameter of a cylindrical portion 42 of the connecting portion 4 described later. In addition, a pair of rectangular partition plates 52, 52 are bridged between the support plates 51, 51 at the same interval as the support plates 51, 51. As a result, the guide portion 5 in which the through-hole 50 having a substantially square shape in plan view is formed is fixed inside the casing portion 2.

  The connecting portion 4 is accommodated in the through hole 50. This connection part 4 is mainly comprised by the joint part 41 connected via the connection pin 41a and the lower end of the Kelly bar 11, and the cylindrical part 42 connected to the joint part 41 via the upper cover 42a.

  The joint portion 41 is formed of a square tubular rectangular steel pipe, and a hole for passing the connecting pin 41a is drilled in the upper side surface. The joint portion 41 is joined to the center of the upper lid 42a by welding.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the cylindrical portion 42 is formed by a steel pipe having a diameter that can be rotated in the through hole 50. Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, a rectangular steel plate is bridged as a lower beam 42 b so as to pass through the center of the cylindrical portion 42 in the upper interior space of the cylindrical portion 42. Then, a disk-shaped upper lid 42a is attached to the upper surface of the lower beam 42b so as to close the upper portion of the cylindrical portion 42.

  Lock parts 43, 43 are provided on the peripheral surface at the lower end of the cylindrical part 42. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 4, the lock portion 43 is formed such that the outer surface extends in the tangential direction of the peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 42.

  For example, the lock part 43 can be formed by attaching a rectangular parallelepiped steel material so that a part thereof bites into the cylindrical part 42. And in order to project this lock part 43 to the side of the guide part 5, as shown in FIG.2 (b), the notch part 51a which notched the lower part of the support plate 51 in the rectangular shape is provided. At the edge of the notch 51a, a reinforcing part 51b such as a steel plate is provided.

  The lock portion 43 protrudes from the notch portion 51a by rotating the connecting portion 4 in the R direction shown in FIG. 2A at a position where the lower end of the cylindrical portion 42 and the lower end of the support plate 51 substantially coincide. Will be locked.

  When the lock is applied, it is impossible to lift only the connecting portion 4 relative to the guide portion 5. That is, when the connecting portion 4 is pulled up in the locked state, the guide portion 5 and the casing portion 2 connected thereto are also lifted together.

  On the other hand, when the connecting portion 4 is reversed (rotated in the direction opposite to the R direction), the lock portion 43 is accommodated inside the through hole 50 as shown in FIG. In this unlocked state, only the connecting portion 4 can be pulled up relative to the guide portion 5. That is, the connecting portion 4 can be moved in the vertical direction within the guide portion 5.

  As described above, the locking portion 43 can be switched between the locked state and the unlocked state by switching the protrusion and accommodation of the locking portion 43 to the side of the guide portion 5 depending on the rotation direction of the connecting portion 4.

  A pair of openable and closable shell portions 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B are arranged in the lower portion of the inner space of the casing portion 2 below the guide portion 5 and the connecting portion 4. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the shell portions 3A and 3B are each formed into a ¼ spherical shape. Such shell portions 3A and 3B can be formed by processing a steel plate or the like.

  The end of the pin 31 that is a fulcrum for opening and closing the pair of shell portions 3A and 3B is supported by the peripheral wall of the casing portion 2. That is, the shell portions 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B are opened and closed at the same position without moving in the vertical direction relative to the casing portion 2.

  Further, a plurality of bits 32,... Are attached to the lower edge when the shell portions 3A, 3B are closed. These bits 32,... Are attached so as to mesh with each other when the left and right shell portions 3A, 3B are closed.

  Furthermore, the end portions of the connecting members 33A and 33B are joined to the inner surfaces of the shell portions 3A and 3B, respectively. The connecting members 33A and 33B are members for connecting the shell portions 3A and 3B to the arm portions 6A and 6B.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the shell portions 3A and 3B are opened, the connecting members 33A and 33B extend obliquely downward from the upper edges of the shell portions 3A and 3B toward the other shell portions 3B and 3A. It becomes a state.

  On the other hand, when the shell portions 3A and 3B are closed as shown in FIG. 5, the connecting members 33A and 33B are obliquely upward from the upper edges of the respective shell portions 3A and 3B toward the other shell portions 3B and 3A. It will be in the state extended to.

  Then, the end portions of the connecting members 33A and 33B and the connecting portion 4 are connected by the arm portions 6A and 6B. Here, the shell portion 3A and the connecting portion 4 are connected by the arm portion 6A, and the shell portion 3B and the connecting portion 4 are connected by the arm portion 6B.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the arm portion 6A (6B) has an upper connection portion 61 for connection to the connecting portion 4, a rod-shaped main body portion 63, and a lower portion for connection to the shell portion 3A (3B). It is mainly comprised by the connection part 64. FIG.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2-4, mounting pieces 44 and 44 for connecting the end portions of the arm portions 6A and 6B are attached to the cylindrical portion 42 of the connecting portion 4. The upper end of the mounting piece 44 is joined to the lower surface of the upper lid 42a, and is fixed to the inner peripheral surfaces of the lower beam 42b and the cylindrical portion 42 via holding members 42c and 42d.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper connection portion 61 connected to the attachment piece 44 includes a parallel plate 613 arranged in parallel with the attachment piece 44 interposed therebetween, and a screw cylinder 612 to which the lower end of the parallel plate 613 is joined. The rotary plate 611 is formed mainly by the parallel plate 613 and the mounting piece 44.

  The parallel plates 613 are formed at an interval wider than the thickness of the mounting piece 44, and the arm portion 6A (6B) can be rotated around the rotation shaft 611 in a playful state. In addition, the male screw part 62 carved in the upper part of the main body part 63 is screwed into the screw cylinder 612 in which the thread groove is carved into the inner space.

  When the connecting portion 4 is rotated to be locked by the lock portion 43, the arm portions 6A and 6B are twisted. In order to release the stress generated by the twisted state, play is provided between the parallel plate 613 and the mounting piece 44, and the male screw portion 62 enters and exits from the screw cylinder 612. That is, when the connecting portion 4 rotates and the arm portions 6A and 6B are likely to be twisted, the male screw portion 62 screwed into the screw tube 612 is loosened and drawn out, thereby releasing the stress.

  In addition, in order to eliminate the twist of arm part 6A, 6B, an upper connection part can also be made into a universal joint. If it is a universal joint, it will be able to rotate in all directions, so twisting can be eliminated.

  On the other hand, at the lower ends of the arm portions 6A and 6B, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the lower connection portion 64 and the end portions of the connecting members 33A and 33B are connected via the rotation shaft 641. In the case where the upper connecting portion 61 has a structure that eliminates twisting, the lower connecting portion 64 can be configured to rotate only in the plane.

  Thus, when connecting part 4 and shell parts 3A and 3B are connected by arm parts 6A and 6B, when connecting part 4 is located under guide part 5, a pair of shell parts 3A and 3B will be in the state opened. (See FIG. 1). On the other hand, when the connecting portion 4 is positioned above the guide portion 5, the pair of shell portions 3A and 3B are closed (see FIG. 5).

  Next, a method for constructing a pile using the obstacle removal bucket 1 of the present embodiment will be described, and an operation of the obstacle removal bucket 1 will be described.

  First, an excavation bucket is attached to the lower end of the kelly bar 11 of the earth drill, and normal excavation is performed. The hole wall of the excavated hole is protected by a stabilizing liquid such as bentonite mud injected into the excavated hole.

  Then, when the hard ground or cobblestone S that cannot be excavated by the excavation bucket appears in the hole bottom G and the excavation speed decreases or the excavation bucket cannot be pushed in, the kelly bar 11 is once lifted from the hole.

  Subsequently, the excavation bucket is removed from the lower end of the kelly bar 11, and the obstacle removal bucket 1 is mounted instead. The obstacle removal bucket 1 is mounted by inserting the connecting pin 41a into the joint portion 41 inserted into the lower end of the kelly bar 11.

  After mounting, with the casing portion 2 standing on the ground surface, the kelly bar 11 is lowered to a position where it can be lowered. That is, when the kelly bar 11 is lowered to a position where the lower end of the connecting portion 4 shown in FIG. 1 is aligned with the lower end of the guide portion 5, the outer surfaces of the shell portions 3A and 3B or the bits 32 and 32 come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing portion 2. As a result, the arm 6A and 6B are not opened any more, and the arm 6A and 6B are stopped.

  Here, since the connection part 4 attached to the kelly bar 11 is connected via the shell parts 3A and 3B fixed to the casing part 2 and the arm parts 6A and 6B, the connection part 4 and the kelly bar 11 are from this position. Cannot move downward.

  Therefore, the kelly bar 11 and the connecting portion 4 are rotated in the R direction shown in FIG. 2A, and the lock portion 43 is protruded from the notch portion 51a and brought into contact with the support plate 51. As a result, the shell portions 3A and 3B are locked in the opened state.

  In this way, the kelly bar 11 is raised in the locked state, the obstacle removal bucket 1 is moved over the excavation hole, and then lowered into the excavation hole. For this reason, the obstacle removal bucket 1 descends in the stable liquid with the shell portions 3A and 3B shown in FIG. 1 being opened.

  And the front-end | tip bit 21, ... of the casing part 2 pierces the hole bottom G, and the open | released shell parts 3A and 3B are arrange | positioned above the cobblestone S. FIG. Therefore, the kelly bar 11 is continuously rotated in the normal rotation direction (R direction in FIG. 2A) in a locked state in which the shell portions 3A and 3B are opened, and the casing portion 2 is rotationally press-fitted into the ground.

  The rotary press-fitting of the casing portion 2 is performed until the bits 32,... Of the shell portions 3A, 3B are pierced into the hole bottom G and a part or most of the shell portions 3A, 3B are embedded.

  When the shell portions 3A and 3B are thus embedded, the cobblestone S is covered with the shell portions 3A and 3B. Therefore, the kelly bar 11 is reversed (rotated in the direction opposite to the R direction in FIG. 2A) to release the locked state, and the lock parts 43 and 43 shown in FIG. To.

  When the kelly bar 11 is pulled up in this unlocked state, the connecting portion 4 rises relative to the guide portion 5 as shown in FIG. Then, the arm portions 6A and 6B are also lifted and closed, and the shell portions 3A and 3B are also closed accordingly.

  At this time, since the ground in the casing portion 2 is cut off from the surrounding ground, the shell portions 3A and 3B can be closed with a relatively small resistance. When the shell portions 3A and 3B are closed, the cobblestone S of the hole bottom G is taken into the shell portions 3A and 3B together with the ground ground. When the shell portions 3A and 3B are closed, the operation of closing the arm portions 6A and 6B is also stopped.

  After the movement of the arm portions 6A and 6B is stopped in this manner, when the kelly bar 11 and the connecting portion 4 are further pulled up, the obstacle removal bucket 1 as a whole is kept in the state where the cobblestone S is taken into the shell portions 3A and 3B. Will rise.

  The obstacle removal bucket 1 taken out from the excavation hole is placed in a state where the tip bit 21 of the casing portion 2 is in contact with the ground surface, and the kelly bar 11 is lowered to open the shell portions 3A and 3B, thereby cobblestone S and excavation earth and sand. Are discharged to the surface.

  After removing the obstacle from the excavation hole in this way, the excavation bucket is attached to the lower end of the kelly bar 11 again, and the remaining excavation is performed. After excavation, the pile made of cast-in-place concrete is completed by inserting a reinforcing bar after placing the bottom of the excavation hole and placing concrete.

  In the obstacle removal bucket 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the pair of shell portions 3A and 3B are opened and closed when the connecting portion 4 connected to the lower end of the kelly bar 11 moves in the vertical direction.

  For this reason, when an obstacle such as a cobblestone S is hit during excavation by an earth drill, the obstacle removal work can be performed in a short time by attaching the obstacle removal bucket 1 to the kelly bar 11 instead of the excavation bucket. Can be migrated to.

  In addition, since the opening and closing of the shell portions 3A and 3B can be controlled by the rotation and vertical movement of the kelly bar 11, a separate drive source such as a hydraulic cylinder is not required, and a simple configuration can be achieved.

  Furthermore, when the shell portions 3A, 3B are kept open by the lock portions 43, 43, the tip bits 21,... At the lower end of the casing portion 2 are the bits 32,. If the tip bit 21 protrudes further downward, the tip bit 21,... Pierces the ground of the hole bottom G first and is cut off from the surrounding ground, so that the shell portions 3A and 3B are easily closed. Can be made.

  And if it is the structure which can hold | maintain the open state of shell part 3A, 3B by making the lock parts 43 and 43 protrude from the notch parts 51a and 51a of the square-tube-shaped guide part 5, the stable liquid for excavation (bentonite mud water) ) Can be reliably operated even under harsh conditions such as sand floating.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are not limited to this embodiment. Included in the invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the cobblestone S has been described as an example of the obstacle to be removed, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a block of concrete such as an existing pile may be an obstacle.

  Moreover, the obstacle removal bucket 1 of this Embodiment can be used also when excavating the ground containing a hard soil or a rock. By piercing the bits 32,... Provided in the shell portions 3A, 3B of the obstacle removal bucket 1, excavation can be performed even on hard ground.

1 Obstacle removal bucket (bucket device)
11 Keriba 2 Casing part 21 Tip bit 3A, 3B Shell part 31 Pin 4 Connection part 43 Lock part 5 Guide part 51a Notch part 6A, 6B Arm part S Cobblestone (obstacle)

Claims (2)

A bucket device for removing obstacles in the ground or excavating the ground,
A cylindrical casing part;
A pair of shell portions that are disposed inside the casing portion and whose end portions serving as fulcrums for opening and closing are supported by the casing portion,
A connecting portion to be connected to the lower end of the rotationally driven kelly bar;
A guide part that is fixed to the casing part above the shell part and accommodates the connecting part so as to be movable in the vertical direction;
The pair of shell portions are opened when the connecting portion is located below the guide portion, and the pair of shell portions are closed when the connecting portion is located above the guide portion. An arm part for connecting the part and the shell part;
A locking portion provided at a lower portion of the connecting portion that can be switched between side protrusion and accommodation according to the rotation direction of the connecting portion ;
The guide portion is formed in a rectangular tube shape and a notch portion is provided at the bottom,
The lower part of the connecting part is formed in a cylindrical shape and the lock part is provided so as to protrude from the peripheral surface,
Switching between protrusion and accommodation of the lock part is performed by projecting or accommodating the lock part from the notch part .   A tip bit is provided at the lower end of the casing part, and when the lock part protrudes to the side of the guide part and the pair of shell parts are opened, the tip of the shell part is more than the tip bit. The bucket apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bucket apparatus is also located above.