JP2009261374A - Livestock feed, and method for producing and using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide livestock feed enabling reduction of an energy cost in a process of obtaining the feed from a feed raw material, and to provide methods for producing and using the livestock feed. <P>SOLUTION: The livestock feed is obtained by mixing at least one kind of microorganism selected from Bacillus microorganism and Geobacillus microorganism, with a feed raw material, and fermentation treating the mixture. The gross energy of the livestock feed is preferably ≥60% at a dry matter base, based on the gross energy of the feed raw material before fermentation treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a livestock feed obtained by fermentation treatment using a specific microorganism, and a method for producing the same. The present invention also relates to a method for adjusting the microbial flora in excreta obtained from livestock by providing the livestock feed to livestock in a method of using the livestock feed.

  Currently, in Japan, for example, a large amount of food residues, such as food production by-products and surplus food, are discarded from the food manufacturing industry, the food distribution industry, and the restaurant industry. Most of the food residues are currently incinerated or landfilled. Therefore, conventionally, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, methods for converting food residues into feed or fertilizer as food circulation resources have been studied. For example, most feed raw materials consumed domestically depend on imports, and the method of converting food residues into feed is expected to improve the feed self-sufficiency rate. Furthermore, it is expected that effective use of food residues can reduce environmental impact. In recent years, recycled feeds that have been processed from such food residues as feed ingredients are often expressed and used in terms of Ecofeed (registered trademark: Compound Feed Stabilization Organization). It has become.

  However, the food residue that is the raw material for the eco-feed has a large amount of water, and it is not preferable to reuse it as a feed as it is from the viewpoint of the safety and storage stability of the feed. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a process for preventing the occurrence of rot and odor on the food residue. Conventionally, feed processing is performed from food residues by various techniques. For example, as a technique for drying food residues, for example, an oil temperature vacuum dehydration drying method, a boil drying method, and a high temperature drying method have been developed. However, any of these methods has a problem that a very large energy cost is required for processing.

In order to solve such a problem, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, conventionally, after adding a microorganism to a food residue, a method of performing a combination of fermentation treatment and drying treatment is known. With this method, it is possible to reduce the energy cost required for the processing. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for converting food to garbage by an on-vehicle garbage disposal device. In the feed conversion technology of Patent Document 1, a method is disclosed in which a microorganism is added to raw garbage and subjected to fermentation and drying treatment using a mobile on-board garbage disposal apparatus. Patent Document 2 discloses a feed technology for fermenting and drying organic matter as organic waste in a fermenter. The feed conversion technology of Patent Document 2 is a method of cutting back organic matter disposed on a floor portion by a fermentation apparatus including a floor portion made of a specific floor material, an air passage provided in the floor portion, and a rotary rotary blade. And a method of performing a drying process while fermenting organic matter at the same time.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-34117 JP 2006-116529 A

  However, since the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 still require a lot of energy until the feed conversion process is completed, it is necessary to further reduce the energy cost. In addition, there is a problem that it may take a long time to completely convert the feed material into feed. Furthermore, the feed obtained by the above method also has a problem that the total energy (Gross Energy) and nutritional value may be reduced due to overfermentation or the like.

  Therefore, the present invention has solved the above problems by using at least one selected from the group consisting of Bacillus microorganisms and Geobacillus microorganisms in the process of obtaining feed from feed raw materials as a result of diligent research by the present inventors. It was made by finding out.

  The object is to provide a livestock feed, a method for producing the same, and a method for using the same that can reduce the energy cost in the step of obtaining the feed from the feed raw material.

  In order to achieve the above object, the livestock feed according to claim 1 has been fermented by mixing at least one microorganism selected from microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus and microorganisms belonging to the genus Geobacillus into the feed material. It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the feed for livestock according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism of the genus Geobacillus is at least one selected from Geobacillus thermodeniticus and Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus It is characterized by that.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the livestock feed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the total energy of the livestock feed is the total energy of the feed raw material before fermentation treatment in dry matter. On the other hand, it is characterized by having 60% or more.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the feed for livestock according to any one of claims 1 to 3 further contains a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme.
The method for producing livestock feed of the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the feed raw material, at least one microorganism selected from microorganisms of the genus Bacillus and microorganisms of the genus Geobacillus are mixed and fermented.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the method for producing livestock feed according to claim 5, wherein the microorganism of the genus Geobacillus is at least one selected from Geobacillus thermodeniticus and Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus. It is a seed.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the method for producing livestock feed according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the fermentation treatment is carried out in such a way that the total energy of the feed for livestock (Gross Energy) is fermented in dry matter. It ends at the stage which has 60% or more with respect to the total energy of the previous feed raw material.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the method for producing livestock feed according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the water content of the feed for livestock is less than 40% in the fermentation process. It is characterized in that it is terminated at the stage.

The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in the method for producing livestock feed according to any one of claims 5 to 8, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is further mixed and fermented. .
Invention of Claim 10 is the manufacturing method of the feed for livestock as described in any one of Claim 5-9. WHEREIN: The said fermentation process is a closed-type fermentation processing apparatus which has a stirring function and a ventilation function, It is carried out using at least one selected from a vehicle-mounted closed fermentation treatment apparatus, a lane type fermentation treatment apparatus, and a pit type fermentation treatment apparatus.

  The method for using the livestock feed according to claim 11 is the method for using livestock feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the livestock feed is given to livestock. It is characterized by adjusting the microflora in excreta obtained from livestock.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in the process of obtaining a feed from a feed raw material, the feed for livestock which can aim at reduction of energy cost, its manufacturing method, and its usage method can be provided.

Hereinafter, the embodiment which materialized the manufacturing method of livestock feed of the present invention is described in detail.
The livestock feed of this embodiment is obtained by blending a feed raw material with one kind selected from a Bacillus microorganism and a Geobacillus microorganism and converting the feed raw material into a feed by high-temperature fermentation treatment. The feed raw material may further contain a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme to perform a fermentation treatment.

  The feed raw material used in this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it contains a fibrous polysaccharide that serves as a nutrient source for livestock. For example, from the viewpoint of effective use of organic resources, food residues discarded in the food manufacturing industry, food distribution industry, and restaurant industry, such as food manufacturing by-products and surplus foods, can be used. Examples of food production by-products include raw okara, brewing by-products, and fruit juice residue. Examples of brewing by-products include sake lees, shochu, beer lees, and miso. Among these, from the viewpoint of nutritional value and production cost, raw okara that can be obtained in large quantities and at low cost as industrial waste and general waste is more preferably used. The water content in the feed material is not particularly limited, but if the water content is excessive and air permeability cannot be ensured during the fermentation process, the water content of the feed material can be increased by adding an organic fiber material that can be used as a feed material. May be adjusted.

  The microorganisms of the genus Bacillus and the microorganisms of the genus Geobacillus are usually facultative anaerobic bacteria that are positive for Gram staining, have a spore-forming ability, and are capable of aerobic energy metabolism. Moreover, it is a microorganism which can proliferate in the range of normal temperature (20 degreeC)-90 degreeC, and is a microorganism required in order to introduce | transduce a feed raw material into a high temperature range (temperature range of about 50-90 degreeC) in a fermentation process. Examples of microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus and genus Geobacillus include, for example, B. alvei, B. amylolyticus, B. azotofixans, and Bacillus circulans (B. circulans), B. glucanolyticus, B. larvae, B. lautus, B. lentimorbus, B. macerans , B. macquariensis, B. pabuli, B. polymyxa, B. popilliae, B. psychrosaccharolyticus ), Bacillus parvifaciens (B. pulvifaciens), Bacillus thiaminolyticus (B. th) iaminolyticus), B. validus, B. alcalophilus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. atrophaeus, B. carotarum , Bacillus farmus, B. flexus, B. laterosporus, B. lentus, B. licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium ( B. megaterium), Bacillus mycoides, B. niacini, B. pantothenticus, B. pumilus, B. simplex, Bacillus subtilis, B. subtilis (B. subtilis) thuringiensis), Bacillus sphaericus (B. sphaericus), Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Geobacillus kaustophilus (Subtilus subtilis) And Geobacillus calleoxylosilyticas. Geobacillus thermoleovorans and Geobacillus caldoxylosilyticas.

  Among them, microorganisms belonging to the genus Geobacillus that are effective when fermenting food residues as feed materials are preferably used. Geobacillus thermodenitrificans, Geobacillus calci, and other particularly effective microorganisms among the genus Geobacillus Doxyl osyliticus is preferably used. Among them, Geobacillus thermodeniticus (Accession No. NITE BP-157) deposited on December 26, 2005 to the Japanese Patent Evaluation Center for Product Evaluation Technology, Japan, and April 16, 2008 More preferred is Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus (receipt number NITE ABP-567) received on the day. Since all the exemplified microorganisms are known microorganisms, microorganisms deposited and stored in each microorganism institution may be used, or microorganisms isolated from nature by a known screening method may be used. good.

The scientific properties of Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus (C120702A strain) received on April 16, 2008 are shown.
Gram-positive gonococcus spore formation Rough-type colony formation by culturing on soy bean, casein, digest agar medium at 65 ° C for 7 hours Nitrate-reducing ability, gas production Polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is a nutrient for Bacillus and Geobacillus microorganisms In order to generate a low-molecular saccharide (for example, glucose) as a source and promote fermentation, it is preferably added to a feed material. The substrate on which the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme used in the present embodiment acts is not particularly limited as long as it is a polysaccharide, but at least one selected from dietary fiber components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, xylan, and pectin that are contained in a large amount in feed materials. One polysaccharide is preferred. That is, examples of the polysaccharide degrading enzyme used in the present embodiment include cellulase, hemicellulase, xylanase, and pectinase.

  As the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme, either an exo-type degrading enzyme that cleaves a specific number of sugar units from the end of the sugar chain or an endo-type degrading enzyme whose cleavage mode is random may be used. The optimum temperature of the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is not particularly limited as long as it has activity in the temperature range of the fermentation treatment, and is preferably 10 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably 15 ° C to 80 ° C.

  The total energy of feed for livestock (GE: cal / kg) is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 80% or more with respect to the total energy of the feed raw material before fermentation treatment in dry matter. By making the total energy of livestock feed 60% or more, it is possible to provide livestock feed with high nutritional value. The total energy can be determined by measuring the content (content rate) of sugar, lipid, and protein in livestock feed. If the total energy of livestock feed is less than 60% before the start of fermentation, over-fermentation may significantly reduce digestible energy (DE) and metabolic energy (ME). It is not preferable.

  The water content of livestock feed is preferably less than 40%, more preferably less than 20%, and even more preferably less than 13.5%. When the water content of the livestock feed is 40% or more, the rot caused by the rot fungi tends to proceed during storage of the livestock feed, and the storage stability may be lowered.

  In the method for producing livestock feed according to this embodiment, the high-temperature fermentation treatment is performed while standing or stirring. From the viewpoint of maintaining the fermentation temperature by supplementing oxygen and promoting the volatilization of moisture, it is preferably carried out with stirring. In addition, from the viewpoint of shortening the processing time and reducing the processing effort, a known raw material processing apparatus for livestock feed may be preferably used. Examples of the raw material processing apparatus for livestock feed include a closed fermentation processing apparatus having a stirring function and an air blowing function, an in-vehicle closed fermentation processing apparatus, a lane fermentation processing apparatus, and a pit fermentation processing apparatus. By using such a raw material processing apparatus for livestock feed, the processing time until the feed raw material is made into a livestock feed with a low water content can be shortened significantly.

Next, the effect | action of the livestock feed which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
For example, when raw Okara as a feed raw material is mixed with a microorganism of the genus Geobacillus and cellulase as a polysaccharide degrading enzyme, the raw Okara is decomposed by the following reaction (action).

  First, as a primary decomposition, a polysaccharide such as cellulose in a feed raw material is decomposed and reduced in molecular weight by cellulase. Along with this, microorganisms that feed on low molecular weight cellulose (sugar) grow. As the microorganisms grow, the temperature in the feed material rises to the intermediate temperature range. Then, by utilizing the metabolism / fermentation heat of mesophilic bacteria, Bacillus microorganisms or Geobacillus microorganisms as thermophilic bacteria selectively grow. As a result, the temperature of the feed material rises to around 45-50 ° C.

  At this time, air is actively mixed with the feed raw material by aeration, such as agitation and blower, to induce aerobic fermentation of Bacillus microorganisms or Geobacillus microorganisms. When the microorganisms of the genus Bacillus or the microorganisms of the genus Geobacillus actively grow, the temperature of the feed raw material rises to a high temperature range (about 60 ° C. to 95 ° C.). By the treatment in such a high temperature range, the water content is reduced, the polymer fibers and proteins are reduced in molecular weight, and the like. In addition, the growth of spoilage anaerobic bacteria is suppressed, and coliform bacteria and pathogenic bacteria are sterilized.

  The fermentation treatment is terminated when the total energy of the livestock feed is preferably 60% or more of the total energy of the feed raw material before the fermentation treatment in the dry matter. If it is less than 60%, the nutritional value of livestock feed may be reduced due to overfermentation. In this way, in the fermentation process of feed raw materials, before the fermentation is completely completed, that is, before the organic matter as a nutrient source for microorganisms in the feed raw materials is depleted, the total energy and nutrient components are increased. The remaining quality livestock feed can be obtained.

  More preferably, the fermentation treatment is terminated when the water content of the livestock feed is less than 40%. The water content can be easily monitored and the completion of the fermentation process can be easily determined. Moreover, when the water content of livestock feed is less than 40%, the progress of fermentation by microorganisms is reduced. The end of the fermentation is performed by shutting off the supply of oxygen by stirring or by forcibly cooling.

  The livestock feed obtained as described above can be fed to livestock without requiring sterilization treatment by heating as a normal feed. Moreover, the livestock feed obtained by this embodiment may be mixed with commercially available livestock feed and fed to livestock. The commercially available livestock feed is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as livestock feed or feed material. Any of them can be used as long as the safety to livestock is high. As a method for preparing livestock feed, known methods can be appropriately employed.

The effects exhibited by this embodiment will be described below.
(1) In the method for producing livestock feed according to the present embodiment, at least one kind of microorganisms of the genus Bacillus and Geobacillus that can be grown in a normal temperature range to a high temperature range is blended in the feed material and subjected to a high-temperature fermentation treatment. . Therefore, the feed process can be performed at a lower energy cost than the conventional feed raw material feed process. That is, at least one kind of microorganism of the genus Bacillus and the genus Geobacillus advantageously promotes fermentation in the high temperature range of the feed material, and promotes volatilization of moisture by the heat of fermentation. Due to the effect of promoting the volatilization of water by at least one of the microorganisms of the genus Bacillus and the genus Geobacillus, especially when using raw material processing equipment for livestock feed, the power consumption is reduced by shortening the operation time and saving labor. Can be greatly reduced.

  (2) In the method for producing livestock feed according to the present embodiment, at least one kind of microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus and Geobacillus having proliferation activity in the normal temperature range to the high temperature range is blended in the feed raw material and subjected to a high-temperature fermentation treatment. The Therefore, not only can the water content of the feed material be reduced easily, but also the growth of spoilage bacteria, pathogenic bacteria, etc. can be suppressed.

  (3) In the method for producing livestock feed of the present embodiment, preferably the total energy (GE) of the livestock feed has 60% or more of the total energy of the feed raw material before fermentation in dry matter. Complete in stages. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the nutritional value of livestock feed from being reduced due to overfermentation.

  (4) In the method for producing livestock feed of this embodiment, preferably, a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is contained. Therefore, a nutrient source necessary for the growth of at least one microorganism of the genus Bacillus and the genus Geobacillus can be supplied, and the fermentation treatment can be promoted.

  (5) In the method for producing livestock feed of this embodiment, preferably, the fermentation treatment is terminated when the water content of the livestock feed is less than 40%. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the storage stability of livestock feed, particularly during storage and transportation. Further, the moisture content can be easily measured, and the progress of fermentation can be easily monitored.

  (6) In the method for producing livestock feed according to this embodiment, preferably, a food residue is used as a feed raw material. The environmental burden can be reduced by making effective use of food residues and reducing the amount of waste.

  (7) In the method for producing livestock feed of the present embodiment, the fermentation treatment is preferably a closed fermentation treatment apparatus having a stirring function and a blowing function, an in-vehicle closed fermentation treatment apparatus, a lane type fermentation treatment apparatus, and a pit type. It is carried out using at least one selected from fermentation treatment equipment. Therefore, the feed conversion process can be easily performed, and the feed conversion process can be completed early.

  (8) In this embodiment, the livestock feed contains at least one microorganism of the genus Bacillus and the genus Geobacillus. Therefore, the microflora in the excrement obtained from livestock can be adjusted. Thereby, in particular, an effect of reducing malodor such as ammonia odor of livestock excrement is expected.

  (9) In the present embodiment, the livestock feed can adjust the microflora in the excreta obtained from the livestock to a microflora containing at least one microorganism of the genus Bacillus and the genus Geobacillus. Therefore, when further composting processing is performed using livestock excrement, the composting processing can be advanced without using inoculum. Composting treatment is expected to further reduce the malodor of livestock excreta.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
-It does not specifically limit as an animal to which the livestock feed of the said embodiment is applied, For example, a chicken, a cow, a pig, a horse, and a sheep are mentioned.

  -In order to improve the quality of the livestock feed of the above embodiment, various additives, for example, other hydrolytic enzymes, bacteria useful for living bodies such as yeast and lactic acid bacteria, and nutritional supplements may be blended.

Next, the embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
<Adjustment of livestock feed>
Processing (fermentation) was performed under the conditions of each example shown below, and livestock feed was produced from feed raw materials. About the obtained livestock feed of Example 1, the content and total energy (GE: cal) of various components shown in Table 1 were determined. Components other than moisture indicate the content in dry matter. The results are shown in Table 1. The content of each component was measured according to the method described in “Feed Analysis Method / Commentary -2004” edited by the Feed Analysis Standards Study Group. Table 1 shows the total energy (GE) calculated based on the content of each component. In addition, Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are numerical values (Comparative Example 2: Tofu Mushroom (raw), Comparative Example 3: Tofu Mushroom (Dry)) edited by the National Institute of Agricultural Technology, “Japan Standard Feed Ingredients Table” (2001 version). ).

(Evaluation of power consumption)
Moreover, about Example 1, 2, and the comparative example 1, evaluation of the power consumption of the apparatus used in the case of fermentation or drying is shown in Table 2 according to the following reference | standard. Less than 100 kwh / t was considered “excellent”, 100 kwh / t to less than 500 kwh / t was “good”, 500 kwh / t to less than 1000 kwh / t was “slightly bad”, and less than 1000 kwh / t was “bad”.

(Detection of bacterial growth)
Moreover, about Example 1, 2, and the comparative example 3, the bacteria number to proliferate was detected about Salmonella bacteria, colon_bacillus | E._coli, Clostridium_bacterium, and Geobacillus genus. The results are shown in Table 3. About the tofu rice cake (dry) of the comparative example 3, it tested about the commercially available thing. The detection of each bacterial species was performed according to the methods described in the “Food Analysis Method / Explanation -2004” edited by the Diet Analysis Standards Study Group and the “Food Hygiene Inspection Guidelines” edited by the Japan Food Sanitation Association. For the genus Geobacillus, soy bean / casein / digest agar medium (manufactured by Nippon Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was used.

Example 1
Raw raw okara (water content: 75%), about 4 tons of feed material, Geobacillus microorganisms (including both Geobacillus thermodenitrificans and Geobacillus cardoxyl oxylyticus) and exo-type as a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme 40 kg of fermented material (manufactured by Menicon Co., Ltd.) composed of an enzyme containing cellulase was put into a closed fermentation treatment apparatus (manufactured by Chubu Ecotech Co., Ltd.). The feed for livestock of Example 1 was manufactured by carrying out the fermentation process for 2 days on the conditions of the ventilation volume of 2 cubic meters / min * t. Table 2 shows the evaluation of the amount of electric power of the closed-type fermentation treatment apparatus consumed during the fermentation treatment period.

(Example 2)
Raw raw okara (water content: 75%), about 4 tons of feed material, Geobacillus microorganisms (including both Geobacillus thermodenitrificans and Geobacillus cardoxyl oxylyticus) and exo-type as a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme 40 kg of fermented material (manufactured by Menicon Co., Ltd.) composed of an enzyme containing cellulase was put into a closed fermentation treatment apparatus (manufactured by Chubu Ecotech Co., Ltd.). The feed for livestock of Example 2 was manufactured by carrying out the fermentation process for 4 days under the conditions of an air volume of 1 cubic meter / min · t. Table 2 shows the power of the closed fermentation treatment apparatus consumed during the fermentation treatment period.

(Comparative Examples 1-3)
As Comparative Example 1, about 1 ton of raw okara (water content 75%), which is a feed material, was put into a feed dryer (manufactured by Inax) and dried at 450 ° C. for 1 hour. Table 2 shows the power of the feed dryer consumed during the drying process.

  As comparative example 2, for raw okara which is the feed material of Example 1 and Example 2, the content rate of each component is extracted from the “Japan Standard Feed Ingredients Table” (2001 edition) edited by the National Institute of Agricultural Technology. It was described.

  As Comparative Example 3, for tofu lees (dried), the content of each component was extracted from the “Japan Standard Feed Ingredient Table” (2001 edition) edited by the National Institute of Agricultural Technology.

表１，２に示されるように、実施例１，２は、飼料原料の水分含有率を低減させる飼料化処理において、各比較例に対し、消費電力量を大幅に低減させることができることが確認された。つまり、本実施形態の方法により、少ないエネルギーコストで飼料原料から乾燥した家畜用飼料を製造することができることが確認された。また、多糖類、蛋白質等の各栄養成分の含有率の大幅な減少は確認されなかった。尚、表３に示されるように完成した飼料中において病原菌及び腐敗菌は確認されなかった。

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, it was confirmed that Examples 1 and 2 can greatly reduce the amount of power consumption for each comparative example in the feed conversion process that reduces the moisture content of the feed material. It was done. That is, it was confirmed that the livestock feed dried from the feed raw material can be produced with a small energy cost by the method of the present embodiment. In addition, no significant reduction in the content of each nutrient component such as polysaccharides and proteins was confirmed. As shown in Table 3, no pathogenic bacteria and spoilage bacteria were confirmed in the finished feed.

Next, technical ideas that can be grasped from the above-described embodiment and other examples will be described below together with their effects.
(A) A compost obtained by giving the livestock feed to livestock and composting the excreta obtained from the livestock as a raw material. Therefore, according to the invention described in (a), it is possible to obtain a compost with greatly reduced malodor.

Claims (11)

  A feed for livestock characterized in that at least one microorganism selected from microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus and microorganisms belonging to the genus Geobacillus is blended in the feed material and subjected to a fermentation treatment.   The feed for livestock according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism of the genus Geobacillus is at least one selected from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans and Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus.   The total energy (Gross Energy) of the feed for livestock is 60% or more with respect to the total energy of the feed raw material before fermentation treatment in dry matter. Livestock feed.   The livestock feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a polysaccharide-degrading enzyme.   A feed raw material, and at least one microorganism selected from microorganisms of the genus Bacillus and microorganisms of the genus Geobacillus, and a fermentation process, wherein the method for producing livestock feed is characterized.   6. The method for producing livestock feed according to claim 5, wherein the microorganism of the genus Geobacillus is at least one selected from Geobacillus thermodenitificans and Geobacillus cardoxyl osiriticus.   The fermentation process is terminated when the total energy of the livestock feed (Gross Energy) is 60% or more of the total energy of the feed raw material before the fermentation process in the dry matter. The manufacturing method of the feed for livestock of Claim 5 or Claim 6.   The method for producing livestock feed according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the fermentation treatment is terminated when the water content of the livestock feed is less than 40%.   Furthermore, the polysaccharide-degrading enzyme is mixed and fermented, The manufacturing method of the livestock feed as described in any one of Claims 5-8 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The fermentation treatment is performed using at least one selected from a closed fermentation treatment apparatus having a stirring function and a blowing function, an in-vehicle closed fermentation treatment apparatus, a lane fermentation treatment apparatus, and a pit fermentation treatment apparatus. The method for producing livestock feed according to any one of claims 5 to 9.   The method for using livestock feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microbiota in excreta obtained from livestock is adjusted by feeding the livestock feed to livestock. How to use livestock feed.