JP2009250501A - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump water heater reducing an amount of used materials, and capable of maintaining performance. <P>SOLUTION: The heat pump water heater is equipped with a heat pump cycle comprised by annularly connecting at least a compressor 11, an evaporator 12, a pressure reducing device 13, and a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 14 in sequence, and a fan 2 forcibly sending air to the evaporator 12. The evaporator 12 is composed of finned tube heat exchangers, and the finned tube heat exchangers are arranged such that they become one row in a substantially vertical direction with respect to an air flow generated when the fan 2 is driven. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump type water heater.

As a conventional technique, a fin tube heat exchanger composed of a plurality of rows is used for an evaporator constituting a heat pump cycle in order to increase the heat absorption capability from the atmosphere (see, for example, Patent Document 1). That is, in a conventional evaporator, an air flow is generated by driving a blower fan for sending air to the evaporator, and the evaporator is arranged in a plurality of rows in a direction substantially perpendicular to the air flow. Was composed.
JP 2005-147441 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, there are a plurality of advantages when the evaporators are configured in a plurality of rows, such as high heat absorption capability in quality at low temperatures and high cooling capability in cooling of electrical components that control the heat pump cycle. However, since the evaporator is composed of a plurality of rows of fin tube heat exchangers, there is a problem that the amount of material used increases.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a heat pump type water heater capable of reducing the amount of material used and maintaining the performance.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the heat pump water heater of the present invention includes a heat pump cycle in which at least a compressor, an evaporator, a decompression device, and a water refrigerant heat exchanger are sequentially connected to emotions by refrigerant piping, A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus including a fan for forcibly sending air to the evaporator, wherein the evaporator is configured by a fin tube heat exchanger, and the fin tube heat exchanger drives the fan Since the heat exchangers are arranged in a line in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the air flow that is sometimes generated, the flow rate of air increases because the ventilation resistance decreases because the heat exchanger is configured in a line. Can be maintained.

  The present invention can provide a heat pump type hot water heater capable of reducing the amount of material used and maintaining the performance.

  A heat pump type hot water heater according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a heat pump cycle in which at least a compressor, an evaporator, a pressure reducing device, and a water refrigerant heat exchanger are sequentially connected in an annular manner through a refrigerant pipe, and air is forced to the evaporator. A heat pump type hot water heater comprising a fan for sending air, wherein the evaporator is constituted by a finned tube heat exchanger, and the finned tube heat exchanger is adapted to an air flow generated when the fan is driven. By arranging the heat exchangers in a row in a substantially vertical direction, the heat exchangers are formed in a row, so that the air flow rate is increased and the performance can be maintained.

  Furthermore, since the amount of air passing increases, the rotational speed of the fan can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. As a result, power consumption is reduced and noise is prevented.

The heat pump type water heater of the second invention is the refrigerant tube of the finned tube heat exchanger, particularly in the first invention, wherein a refrigerant inlet portion into which the refrigerant flows is arranged at the lowermost part of the finned tube heat exchanger. This makes it possible to distribute warm air throughout the evaporator by using the phenomenon that hot air rises by allowing high-temperature refrigerant to flow from the bottom of the heat exchanger during defrosting. The defrosting ability of the evaporator can be increased.

  The heat pump type hot water heater of the third invention is the refrigerant tube of the fin tube heat exchanger, particularly in the first or second invention, wherein the refrigerant inlet portion into which the refrigerant flows is connected to the top of the fin tube heat exchanger. Since it is arranged at the lower part and arranged on the uppermost part of the finned tube heat exchanger from the middle of the refrigerant pipe, it passes through the uppermost refrigerant pipe in the refrigerant state before the refrigerant evaporates, so heat exchange The temperature of the air after the operation can be lowered, and the air at a lower temperature can be blown to the electrical components provided at the top of the heat pump unit, so that the cooling capacity of the electrical components can be improved. it can.

  The heat pump type water heater of the fourth invention is a refrigerant pipe of the fin tube heat exchanger, particularly in the first to third inventions, wherein the refrigerant inlet portion into which the refrigerant flows is connected to the top of the fin tube heat exchanger. Arranged in the lower part and branched into a plurality from the middle of the refrigerant pipe, and one of the plurality of branched refrigerant pipes is arranged at the uppermost part of the fin tube heat exchanger, thereby constituting a single piece Rather than doing so, the length per one can be shortened, so that it is possible to reduce the refrigerant pressure loss generated in the refrigerant pipe, and further, defrosting performance and electrical equipment The cooling performance of the parts can be maintained.

  The heat pump type hot water heater of the fifth invention is a product cost by using carbon dioxide gas as a refrigerant and relatively inexpensive and stable carbon dioxide in the first to fourth inventions. And the reliability can be improved. In addition, carbon dioxide has an ozone depletion coefficient of zero and a global warming coefficient of about 1/700 of the alternative refrigerant HFC-407C, which is very small.

  The heat pump type hot water heater of the sixth aspect of the invention is particularly configured in the first to fifth aspects of the invention so that the high pressure side of the heat pump cycle becomes supercritical, so that the refrigerant in the water refrigerant heat exchanger is above the critical pressure. Therefore, it does not condense even if the temperature is lowered due to heat deprived by the water of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the entire area of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, so that hot water can be obtained and the heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a heat pump type water heater in the first embodiment, in which a compressor 11, a water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, a pressure reducing device 13, and an evaporator 14 are connected in an annular shape by a refrigerant pipe 15. A heat pump cycle that can adjust the valve opening of the decompression device 13, a hot water storage tank 16 that stores liquid for hot water supply, a liquid pipe 18 that allows the liquid in the hot water tank to circulate through the hot water supply apparatus, and a liquid pipe The pump 17 for circulating the liquid in the hot water storage tank, the incoming water temperature detecting means 31 for detecting the incoming water temperature of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the hot water temperature detecting means 32 for detecting the hot water temperature, and the discharged refrigerant temperature of the compressor 11 It comprises discharge temperature detecting means 33 for detecting.

Further, the compressor 11 has a compressor configuration without an accumulator, and since there is no accumulator, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the heat pump hot water supply body. Furthermore, the heat pump circuit is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the pressure of the refrigerant exceeds the critical pressure. By heating the hot water or air, the refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is pressurized above the critical pressure. Therefore, it does not condense even if the temperature is lowered due to heat deprived by the water of the water refrigerant heat exchanger. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the entire area of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, so that hot water can be obtained and the heat exchange efficiency can be increased.

  Furthermore, the refrigerant to be used is carbon dioxide, and by using relatively inexpensive and stable carbon dioxide for the refrigerant, the product cost can be suppressed and the reliability can be improved. In addition, carbon dioxide has an ozone depletion coefficient of zero and a global warming coefficient of about 1/700 of the alternative refrigerant HFC-407C, which is very small.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of the heat pump unit. The electrical equipment part 3 which accommodated the component apparatus which comprises a heat pump cycle, the control component which controls a heat pump unit, and an electrical component is accommodated in the upper part of the heat pump unit. A fan 2 is installed in the front part of the evaporator, and a water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is installed in the lower part of the fan 2. When the fan is driven, an air flow is formed from the back side of the heat pump unit, that is, from the evaporator side toward the fan 2.

  Next, the configuration of the evaporator will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the evaporator. FIG. 3A is a view from the top of the evaporator. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the evaporator 14 is composed of a row of finned tube heat exchangers in a direction substantially perpendicular to the air flow generated when the fan 2 is driven. The exchanger copper pipe (refrigerant pipe) 9 has a shape that penetrates the plurality of aluminum fins 20. Thus, material cost can be reduced by comprising by a row of fin tube heat exchangers. In addition, since the air ventilation resistance is reduced as compared with the conventional one, not only the same performance as the conventional one can be achieved without increasing the rotational speed of the fan 2, but also the rotational speed of the fan 2 can be reduced, thereby preventing noise. In addition, power consumption can be reduced.

  In particular, although the configuration of the evaporators of the heat pump type hot water heater is in one row, the performance on the low pressure side is lower than when it is configured in multiple rows, but in the case of the heat pump type hot water heater, the water refrigerant on the high pressure side By changing the configuration of the heat exchanger, it is possible to compensate for the performance degradation in the evaporator. In other words, it is possible to improve the performance of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger by making the part where water and the refrigerant of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger perform heat exchange longer than before, and reduce the performance reduction in the evaporator. Can be supplemented. That is, in the heat pump water heater, the performance deterioration in the evaporator can be compensated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and the material used for the evaporator can be reduced.

  FIG. 3B is a view seen from the front of the evaporator, and FIG. 3C is a view seen from one side of the evaporator. As shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c), the refrigerant inlet portion 5 is provided at the lowermost portion, and a branch portion 6 that branches in two directions is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe 9. The refrigerant pipe branched at the branching portion 6 is branched into the substantially central portion and the uppermost portion of the evaporator, one of which penetrates the aluminum fin 20 in a hairpin shape from the substantially central portion downward, and the other is The aluminum fin 20 is penetrated in a hairpin shape from the uppermost part toward the substantially central part. The refrigerant pipes divided in two directions merge at the outlet junction 8 and are supplied to the compressor 11.

  About the evaporator comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, when hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 16, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11 to be a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and supplied to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 12. On the other hand, by driving the pump 17, low-temperature water at the bottom of the hot water tank 16 is supplied to the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and heat exchange is performed between the low-temperature water and the high-temperature refrigerant in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 12. Hot water is generated and stored in the upper part of the hot water tank 16.

  At this time, in the finned tube heat exchanger constituting the evaporator 14, the refrigerant flowing from the lowermost part is branched into a plurality of parts, and one of the refrigerant pipes 7 is lowered downward from the uppermost part of the evaporator. Since it is configured to meander and penetrate through the plurality of aluminum fins 20, since the refrigerant before evaporation can flow through the upper portion of the evaporator 14, the electrical component 3 provided above the heat pump unit Since the cooled air can be blown, the cooling performance can be improved.

  Next, the defrosting operation of the evaporator 14 will be described. When the defrosting operation of the evaporator 14 is performed, the compressor 11 is operated with the decompression device 13 fully opened. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 15 receives heat from the high-temperature water in the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and is supplied to the evaporator 14. As a result, defrosting can be performed because warm refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 14.

  At this time, since the refrigerant is introduced from the lowermost part of the evaporator 14, since the warm air radiated from the warm refrigerant supplied to the lowermost part rises upward, the entire evaporator 14 can be warmed. The defrosting performance can be improved. In particular, by applying such an evaporator configuration to a heat pump water heater that performs such a defrosting operation, heat from a small amount of hot water can be effectively used for defrosting. It is.

  As described above, the heat pump water heater of the present invention can improve the defrosting performance and reduce the material cost.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to an evaporator in a heat pump type hot water heater even in an integrated heat pump water heater in which a hot water storage tank and a heat pump cycle are integrally formed.

The block diagram of the heat pump type water heater in Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration diagram of heat pump unit in the embodiment (A) Top view of the evaporator in the same embodiment (b) Front view (c) Side view

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 Fan 3 Electrical part 5 Refrigerant inlet part 6 Refrigerant branch part 8 Refrigerant outlet merge part 11 Compressor 12 Water refrigerant heat exchanger 13 Depressurizer 14 Evaporator 15 Refrigerant pipe 16 Hot water tank 17 Pump 18 Liquid pipe

Claims (6)

A heat pump water heater comprising a heat pump cycle in which at least a compressor, an evaporator, a pressure reducing device, and a water refrigerant heat exchanger are sequentially connected in an annular manner through a refrigerant pipe, and a fan for forcibly sending air to the evaporator The evaporator is constituted by a finned tube heat exchanger, and the finned tube heat exchanger is arranged in a line in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the air flow generated when the fan is driven. A heat pump type water heater characterized by being installed. 2. The heat pump type hot water heater according to claim 1, wherein a refrigerant inlet of the finned tube heat exchanger is provided at a lowermost part of the finned tube heat exchanger. A refrigerant pipe of the fin tube heat exchanger, wherein a refrigerant inlet portion into which a refrigerant flows is arranged at a lowermost part of the fin tube heat exchanger, and from the middle of the refrigerant pipe, an uppermost part of the fin tube heat exchanger. The heat pump type water heater according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump type hot water heater is arranged at an upper part. A refrigerant tube of the fin tube heat exchanger, wherein a refrigerant inlet portion into which a refrigerant flows is arranged at a lowermost portion of the fin tube heat exchanger, is branched into a plurality of parts from the middle of the refrigerant tube, and The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein one of the branched refrigerant pipes is arranged at an uppermost part of the fin tube heat exchanger. The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein carbon dioxide gas is used as the refrigerant. The heat pump type hot water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the high pressure side of the heat pump cycle is supercritical.

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