JP2009215191A - 神経損傷治療剤及び神経損傷治療方法 - Google Patents
神経損傷治療剤及び神経損傷治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子、Klf4遺伝子、及びc-myc遺伝子の組み合わせ等の初期化遺伝子を分化細胞で強制発現させて得られた分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞や、その分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞をembryoid bodyやニューロスフェアに分化誘導して得られた細胞を、神経損傷を有する患者に投与する。
【選択図】図6
Description
分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞とは、生殖系列にある細胞(例えば、卵細胞、精子細胞、卵原細胞や精原細胞等それらの前駆細胞)または発生初期胚由来の未分化細胞(例えば、胚性幹細胞)以外の分化細胞を初期化することにより、人工的に誘導された多分化能及び自己増殖能を有する細胞のことであり、分化細胞は、胚由来であっても胎児由来であっても成体由来であってもよく、また、マウス、ヒト等どのような動物種に由来しても構わない。その性状としては、本来、受精細胞が有する全分化能を一部でも失った細胞であれば特に限定されず、例えば、繊維芽細胞、上皮細胞、肝細胞などが例示できる。
核初期化因子を用いて分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞を調整するには、核初期化因子が細胞内で機能する蛋白質である場合は、その蛋白質をコードする遺伝子を発現ベクターに組み込み、対象とする体細胞などの分化細胞に発現ベクターを導入し、細胞内で発現させることが好ましい(遺伝子導入法)。発現ベクターは特に限定されないが、ウイルスベクターを用いることが好ましく、特にレトロウイルスベクターやレンチウイルスベクターを用いることが好ましい。また、Protein Transduction Domain(PTD)と呼ばれるペプチドを蛋白質に結合させ、培地に添加することにより、核初期化因子を細胞内に導入してもよい(Protein Transduction 法)。細胞外に分泌される蛋白質の場合は、分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞の調整段階で、分化細胞の培地にその因子を添加すればよい。なお、初期化すべき分化細胞で、核初期化因子の一部が発現している場合は、その蛋白質に関しては外部から導入する必要が無い。
分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞は、神経損傷治療剤として用いることができる。神経損傷治療剤の使用方法は、ES細胞を神経損傷治療剤として用いる際に開発された方法(Okada et al. Dev.Biol. vol.275, pp.124-142. 2004)を適用することができる。
本実施例において、分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞とは、マウス胚繊維芽細胞に対してOct3/4、Sox2、c-Myc、Klf4を核初期化因子として用いて得られた細胞とし、具体的にはFbxo15遺伝子の発現を指標にして選択された細胞であるFbxo15-iPS細胞及びNanog遺伝子の発現を指標にして選択された細胞であるNanog-iPS細胞を用いた。特に、Fbxo15-iPS細胞として、T58A-c-Mycを導入された4-3 Fbxo15-iPSクローン(Takahashi et al. Cell vol.126, pp.663-676, 2006)、野生型c-Mycを導入されたWT1 Fbxo15-iPSクローン(Takahashi et al. Cell vol.126, pp.663-676, 2006)を用い、Nanog-iPS細胞として、T58A-c-Mycを導入された20D17 Nanog-iPSクローンと38C2 Nanog-iPSクローン(Okita et al. Nature vol.448, pp.313-317, 2007)、野生型c-Mycを導入された38D2 Nanog-iPSクローン(Okita et al. Nature vol.448, pp.313-317, 2007)を用いた。コントロールとして、マウス ES細胞(Fbxo15(-/-)RF8クローン(Tokuzawa et al. Mol.Cell.Biol. vol.23, pp.2699-2708, 2003)及びEB3クローン(Niwa et al. Mol.Cell.Biol. vol.22, pp.1526-1536, 2002))を用いた。
ここでは、マウスの脊髄神経Th10において、外傷性脊髄損傷を負わせた脊髄損傷モデルマウスを用い、38C2-Nanog-iPS-SNSを移植した。以下にその作製方法を述べる。
生体蛍光イメージング(bioluminescent imaging analysis;BLI解析)(Okada et al. Faseb J. vol.19, pp.1839-1841, 2005)では、移植後、7日目、21日目、35日目にルシフェラーゼによる発光強度を測定し、細胞数の指標として用いた。すなわち、マウスにD−ルシフェリン(150mg/kg体重)を腹腔内に注射し、ルシフェリン投与後15−40分間、field-of-viewを10cmに設定して最高強度が得られるまで連続画像を得た。全ての画像はIgor(WaveMetrics, Lake Oswego, OR)及びLiving Imageソフトウエア(Xenogen, Alameda, CA)で解析した。フォトン数を定量化するため、一定の細胞移植領域を決めて、全マウスで解析した。各測定日で得られたフォトン量に対し、初期値に対する割合を計算し、グラフ化したのが図1である。図1に示すように、移植細胞の約60%が移植7日目までに脱落し、その後は、移植細胞のシグナルが徐々に減少し、35日目で、約18%の移植細胞が生存していた。
Claims (9)
- 分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞を含有する神経損傷治療剤。
- 前記分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞が、Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子、及びKlf4遺伝子を分化細胞で強制発現させて得られた細胞であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の神経損傷治療剤。
- 前記分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞が、Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子、Klf4遺伝子、及びc-myc遺伝子を分化細胞で強制発現させて得られた細胞であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の神経損傷治療剤。
- 前記分化細胞が繊維芽細胞であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の神経損傷治療剤。
- 神経損傷の治療方法であって、分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞を前記神経損傷を有する患者に投与することを特徴とする方法。
- 前記分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞を、損傷した神経に移植することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞が、Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子、及びKlf4遺伝子を分化細胞で強制発現させて得られた細胞であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記分化細胞由来多能性幹細胞が、Oct3/4遺伝子、Sox2遺伝子、Klf4遺伝子、及びc-myc遺伝子を分化細胞で強制発現させて得られた細胞であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記分化細胞が繊維芽細胞であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
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