JP2009209522A - Filler, manufacturing method therefor, and stabilization method for natural ground - Google Patents

Filler, manufacturing method therefor, and stabilization method for natural ground Download PDF

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JP2009209522A
JP2009209522A JP2008050548A JP2008050548A JP2009209522A JP 2009209522 A JP2009209522 A JP 2009209522A JP 2008050548 A JP2008050548 A JP 2008050548A JP 2008050548 A JP2008050548 A JP 2008050548A JP 2009209522 A JP2009209522 A JP 2009209522A
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filler
slaked lime
shield machine
water
natural ground
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JP5200584B2 (en
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Katsutaka Hiraie
克孝 平家
Yuzo Yamamoto
裕三 山本
Kazuhisa Sugiyama
和久 杉山
Tetsuya Taniguchi
哲也 谷口
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Obayashi Corp
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Obayashi Corp
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  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive filler in which hydrated lime is uniformly dispersed, and which does not precipitate for a long period of time. <P>SOLUTION: The filler 5 is composed of a material A containing water, bentonite, etc., and a material B of hydrated lime slurry containing hydrated lime, a dispersant, etc. Since the filler 5 contains the dispersant, the hydrated lime is uniformly dispersed in the filler 5. The filler 5 is infilled into a large void section 4 which is formed in a horizontal direction with respect to in a traveling direction by boring a sharply-curved tunnel 2 by a shield machine 1, so as to hold natural ground 3 and prevent the collapse of the natural ground 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、シールド機によるトンネルの余堀掘削によって形成された空隙部に充填される充填材及びその充填材を用いた地山の安定化方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a filler filled in a void formed by excavation of a tunnel by a shield machine, and a ground stabilization method using the filler.

一般的にシールド工法は、シールド機でトンネルを掘削し、このシールド機の後方にトンネルの内周面を覆う覆工体を形成するとともに、形成した覆工体から推進反力を得ながらシールド機を推進させてトンネルを構築する工法である。トンネル掘削時にはシールド機が地山をオーバーカットしながら掘削するために、シールド機の外周面と地山との間に空隙部が生じる。この状態のまま、例えば、施工時間の制約等により掘進作業が長時間にわたり停止すると、地山がこの空隙部で崩落する可能性があるために、空隙部に充填材を充填して地山を保持する。   In general, the shield method excavates a tunnel with a shield machine and forms a lining body covering the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel behind the shield machine, while obtaining a propulsion reaction force from the formed lining body. This is a method of building a tunnel by promoting During tunnel excavation, the shield machine performs excavation while overcutting the natural ground, so a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine and the natural ground. In this state, for example, if the excavation work is stopped for a long time due to restrictions on the construction time, etc., the natural mountain may collapse in this void part. Hold.

このような充填材として、例えば、特許文献１には、水と粘土とからなるＡ液と、セメントと水ガラス系凝集剤とからなるＢ液とを混合したものが開示されている。   As such a filler, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a mixture of a liquid A composed of water and clay and a liquid B composed of cement and a water glass flocculant.

また、特許文献２には、水と膨潤性材料とからなるＡ液と、水と消石灰等の硬化材とからなるＢ液とを混合した充填材が開示されている。
特開２００２−１６０９５５号公報 特開２００４−２４４４８３号公報 Patent Document 2 discloses a filler in which a liquid A composed of water and a swellable material and a liquid B composed of water and a hardening material such as slaked lime are mixed.
JP 2002-160955 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-244483

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の充填材は、高価な水ガラス系凝集材を大量に使用するので材料費が高くつくという問題点があった。   However, the filler described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the material cost is high because a large amount of expensive water glass aggregate is used.

また、特許文献２に記載の充填材は、撹拌を停止すると消石灰が短時間で沈降してしまうので、Ｂ液の作製装置から注入孔へ送給する際に、配管内に消石灰が沈殿してしまい、配管が閉塞してしまう場合があり、さらに、消石灰が配管内に沈殿すると注入される充填材に含まれる消石灰の濃度にばらつきが生じ、場所によって充填材の強度にばらつきが生じるという問題点があった。   Moreover, since the slaked lime settles for a short time when the filler of patent document 2 stops stirring, when feeding from the preparation apparatus of B liquid to an injection hole, slaked lime precipitates in piping. If the slaked lime settles in the pipe, the concentration of the slaked lime contained in the injected filler will vary, and the strength of the filler will vary depending on the location. was there.

そこで、本発明は、上記のような従来の問題に鑑みなされたものであって、消石灰が均一に分散されており、長時間沈降しない安価な充填材を提供することを目的とする。   Then, this invention is made | formed in view of the above conventional problems, Comprising: It aims at providing the cheap filler which the slaked lime is disperse | distributed uniformly and does not settle for a long time.

前記目的を達成するため、本発明の充填材は、シールド機によるトンネルの余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填するための充填材であって、消石灰と、水と混合された消石灰をその水中に均一に分散させるための分散剤とを含むことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the filler of the present invention is a filler for filling a void generated by excavation of a tunnel by a shield machine, and slaked lime and slaked lime mixed with water are submerged in the water. And a dispersing agent for uniformly dispersing.

本発明に係る充填材によれば、分散剤を含むので、消石灰を充填材中に均一に分散させるとともに、沈降を防止することができる。そして、消石灰を充填材中に均一に分散させることができるので、空隙部に充填された充填材の強度にばらつきが無い。したがって、地山を確実に保持し、地山の崩落を防止することができる。   According to the filler according to the present invention, since the dispersant is included, slaked lime can be uniformly dispersed in the filler and settling can be prevented. And since slaked lime can be uniformly disperse | distributed in a filler, there is no dispersion | variation in the intensity | strength of the filler with which the space | gap part was filled. Therefore, the natural ground can be securely held and the natural ground can be prevented from collapsing.

また、充填材に含まれる消石灰の沈殿を防止できるので、充填作業時における配管等の装置類の閉塞を防止することができる。   Moreover, since precipitation of the slaked lime contained in the filler can be prevented, blockage of devices such as piping during the filling operation can be prevented.

さらに、消石灰及び分散剤は、原料の入手性が容易であり、また、安価なので充填材のコストを低減することができる。   Furthermore, since slaked lime and a dispersant are easily available as raw materials and are inexpensive, the cost of the filler can be reduced.

第２の発明の充填材の作製方法は、シールド機の余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填される充填材の作製方法において、水と消石灰とを混合して消石灰水を作製し、この消石灰水に、前記消石灰を前記消石灰水中に均一に分散させるための分散剤を添加して消石灰スラリーを作製し、充填直前にその消石灰スラリーとベントナイトを含む水とを混合することを特徴とする。   A method for producing a filler according to a second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a filler filled in a void produced by excavation of a shield machine, wherein water and slaked lime are mixed to produce slaked lime water. Further, a slaked lime slurry is prepared by adding a dispersant for uniformly dispersing the slaked lime in the slaked lime water, and the slaked lime slurry and water containing bentonite are mixed immediately before filling.

本発明に係る充填材の作製方法によれば、消石灰水に分散剤を添加するので、消石灰を充填材中に均一に分散させるとともに、沈降を防止することができる。そして、消石灰を充填材中に均一に分散させることができるので、空隙部に充填された充填材の強度にばらつきが無い。したがって、地山を確実に保持し、地山の崩落を防止することができる。   According to the method for producing a filler according to the present invention, since a dispersant is added to slaked lime water, slaked lime can be uniformly dispersed in the filler and settling can be prevented. And since slaked lime can be uniformly disperse | distributed in a filler, there is no dispersion | variation in the intensity | strength of the filler with which the space | gap part was filled. Therefore, the natural ground can be securely held and the natural ground can be prevented from collapsing.

第３の発明の地山の安定化方法は、シールド機によりトンネルが掘削された地山を安定化するための安定化方法において、消石灰と、この消石灰と水とを混合して作製された消石灰水中に当該消石灰を均一に分散させる分散剤と、ベントナイトとを含む充填材を、前記シールド機の余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填して地山を保持することを特徴とする。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stabilization method for stabilizing a natural ground in which a tunnel is excavated by a shield machine. It is characterized in that a natural material is retained by filling a gap containing a dispersing agent that uniformly disperses the slaked lime in water and bentonite into a void formed by extra excavation of the shield machine.

本発明に係る地山の安定化方法によれば、消石灰が充填材中に均一に分散しているので、空隙部に充填された充填材の強度にばらつきが無い。したがって、充填材は、地山を確実に保持し、地山の空隙部での崩落を防止することが可能となる。   According to the natural ground stabilization method of the present invention, since slaked lime is uniformly dispersed in the filler, there is no variation in the strength of the filler filled in the voids. Therefore, the filler can securely hold the natural ground and prevent collapse of the natural ground in the void.

本発明の充填材を用いることにより、消石灰が均一に分散されており、長時間沈降しないので、空隙部に充填された充填材の強度にばらつきが生じず、地山を確実に保持することができる。   By using the filler of the present invention, slaked lime is uniformly dispersed and does not settle for a long time, so there is no variation in the strength of the filler filled in the voids, and it is possible to securely hold the natural ground. it can.

以下、本発明に係る地山の安定化方法及び安定化構造の好ましい実施形態について図面を用いて詳細に説明する。本実施形態においては、シールド機による急曲線施工で進行方向に対して左右方向に大きく形成された空隙部に充填材を充填する場合について説明するが、これに限定されるものではなく、シールド機による余堀掘削で形成される空隙部全般に適用可能である。   DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a natural ground stabilization method and a stabilization structure according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which the filler is filled in the gap formed largely in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction in the sharp curve construction by the shield machine, but the invention is not limited to this. It can be applied to all the voids formed by surging excavation.

図１は、シールド機１で急曲線施工にて掘削したトンネル２の平面図であり、図２は、図１のＡ−Ａ’矢視図である。なお、以下の図において、本発明の説明に不要な部分の図示は省略している。   FIG. 1 is a plan view of a tunnel 2 excavated by a sharply curved construction by a shield machine 1, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line A-A 'of FIG. In the following drawings, illustration of parts unnecessary for the description of the present invention is omitted.

図１及び図２に示すように、シールド機１によって急曲線状のトンネル２を掘削する場合は、直線状のトンネル２を掘削する場合よりも進行方向に対して左右方向を大幅に余堀掘削するので、シールド機１の外周面と地山３との間に大きな空隙部４が形成される。そして、この空隙部４をそのまま放置すると地山３の肌落ちや地盤沈下等が生じるので、空隙部４には充填材５が充填される。この充填材５は、シールド機１の掘進と同時に空隙部４に充填され、地山３を保持する。   As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, when excavating a sharply curved tunnel 2 with a shield machine 1, the left and right direction excavation is significantly more excavated than when straight tunnel 2 is excavated. Therefore, a large gap 4 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine 1 and the natural ground 3. And if this void part 4 is left as it is, the skin of the natural ground 3 or the ground subsidence will occur, so that the void part 4 is filled with the filler 5. The filler 5 is filled in the gap 4 simultaneously with the excavation of the shield machine 1 and holds the natural ground 3.

図３は、本実施形態に係る充填材５に含まれる材料の配合割合の一例を示す図である。   FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a blending ratio of materials included in the filler 5 according to the present embodiment.

図３に示すように、充填材５は、水、ベントナイト等を含むＡ材と、消石灰、分散剤等を含む消石灰スラリーのＢ材とからなる。充填材５には、分散剤が含まれているので、消石灰は充填材５中に均一に分散する。   As shown in FIG. 3, the filler 5 consists of A material containing water, bentonite, etc., and B material of the slaked lime slurry containing slaked lime, a dispersing agent, etc. Since the filler 5 contains a dispersant, slaked lime is uniformly dispersed in the filler 5.

また、図３に示すように、例えば、１ｍ３の充填材５を作製するには、Ａ材のベントナイト及び水をそれぞれ９１ｋｇ、８７５Ｌ使用し、Ｂ材の消石灰、分散剤及び水をそれぞれ２１．８４ｋｇ、０．７２８ｋｇ、７２．８Ｌ使用する。なお、ベントナイト、消石灰、分散剤、水等の配合割合は、各現場の地質条件によって異なるものであって、設計等により適宜決定される。 As shown in FIG. 3, for example, in order to produce a filler 5 of 1 m 3 , 91 kg and 875 L of A material bentonite and 875 L are used, respectively, and B material slaked lime, dispersant and water are respectively 21. Use 84kg, 0.728kg, 72.8L. The blending ratio of bentonite, slaked lime, dispersant, water and the like varies depending on the geological conditions at each site, and is appropriately determined depending on the design and the like.

充填材５は、空隙部４を確実に充填できるように急速に高粘性化すること無く、かつ、シールド機１の推進に影響を与えないように遅延硬化性を有する。また、本実施形態においては、充填材５の粘度は、配管内で閉塞せず、かつ、テールボイド部への裏込材の注入により切羽へ排出されるように、例えば、３０Ｐａ・ｓとした。   The filler 5 has a delayed curing property so as not to rapidly increase the viscosity so that the gap 4 can be reliably filled, and so as not to affect the propulsion of the shield machine 1. Further, in the present embodiment, the viscosity of the filler 5 is set to, for example, 30 Pa · s so as not to be blocked in the pipe and to be discharged to the face by injection of the backing material into the tail void portion.

また、充填材５は、ゲル状なので、地山３へ浸透しにくく、かつ、地下水で希釈されにくい。したがって、空隙部４に充填されて地山３の崩落を確実に防止する。   Moreover, since the filler 5 is a gel form, it is hard to osmose | permeate the natural ground 3, and is hard to be diluted with groundwater. Therefore, the gap 4 is filled and the collapse of the natural ground 3 is surely prevented.

図４は、シールド機１によるトンネル２の掘削で形成される空隙部４に充填材５を充填している状態を示す概略図である。また、図５は、本実施形態に係る充填材５の作製方法を示すフロー図である。   FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a gap 5 formed by excavation of the tunnel 2 by the shield machine 1 is filled with the filler 5. Moreover, FIG. 5 is a flowchart which shows the preparation methods of the filler 5 which concerns on this embodiment.

図４に示すように、シールド機１は、地中を掘削するためのカッターヘッド６等を備えたフード部７と、カッターヘッド６の駆動装置８やシールド機１本体を前進させるための複数のシールドジャッキ９等を備えたガーダ部１０と、セグメント１１を組み立てるためのエレクタ１２等を備えたテール部１３とから構成されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, the shield machine 1 includes a hood portion 7 having a cutter head 6 and the like for excavating the ground, and a plurality of drive devices 8 for the cutter head 6 and a plurality of bodies for advancing the shield machine 1 main body. The girder 10 includes a shield jack 9 and the like, and the tail 13 includes an erector 12 and the like for assembling the segment 11.

図４及び図５に示すように、地上に設置されたプラント１４にてベントナイトと水とを上記割合で混合してＡ材を作製し、送給ポンプ１５で送給管１６を介して坑内のシールド機１の後方に設置されたタンク１７に供給する。タンク１７内に貯留されたＡ材は、攪拌機１８で撹拌されながら貯留される。そして、充填作業時にＡ材を圧送ポンプ１９で圧送管２０を介して混合機２１に供給する。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, bentonite and water are mixed at the above ratio in the plant 14 installed on the ground to produce the A material, and the feed pump 15 passes through the feed pipe 16 in the mine. It is supplied to a tank 17 installed behind the shield machine 1. The A material stored in the tank 17 is stored while being stirred by the stirrer 18. And A material is supplied to the mixer 21 via the pressure feed pipe 20 with the pressure feed pump 19 at the time of a filling operation | work.

Ａ材の作製作業と並行して、坑内のシールド機１の後方に設置された製造装置２２にて消石灰と水とを上記割合で混合し、消石灰水を作製してタンク２３内に貯留する。タンク２３内の消石灰水を攪拌機２４で充分に撹拌したら、この消石灰水と分散剤とを上記割合で混合してＢ材である消石灰スラリーを作製する。Ｂ材は、タンク２３内の攪拌機２４で撹拌されて貯留される。そして、充填作業時にＢ材を圧送ポンプ２５で圧送管２６を介して混合機２１に供給する。Ｂ材には分散剤が含まれているので、消石灰はＢ材中に均一に分散している。   In parallel with the production work of the A material, slaked lime and water are mixed at the above ratio in the manufacturing apparatus 22 installed behind the shield machine 1 in the mine, and slaked lime water is produced and stored in the tank 23. When the slaked lime water in the tank 23 is sufficiently stirred by the stirrer 24, the slaked lime water and the dispersing agent are mixed in the above ratio to produce a slaked lime slurry as the B material. The B material is stirred and stored by the stirrer 24 in the tank 23. And B material is supplied to the mixer 21 via the pressure feed pipe 26 with the pressure feed pump 25 at the time of filling operation | work. Since the B material contains a dispersant, the slaked lime is uniformly dispersed in the B material.

混合機２１でＡ材とＢ材とを混合して充填材５を作製し、シールド機１のガーダ部１０に設けられている注入孔２７から、シールド機１の掘進時に、空隙部４に充填材５を充填する。充填作業は、注入孔２７付近に設けられた圧力計２８にて空隙部４内の圧力を測定しつつ行う。注入孔２７は、ガーダ部１０の、例えば、上部に複数個設けられているので、シールド機１の全外周にわたって良好に充填材５の充填が行われる。   The filler A is mixed with the A material and the B material in the mixer 21 to fill the gap portion 4 when the shield machine 1 is dug from the injection hole 27 provided in the girder portion 10 of the shield machine 1. Fill material 5. The filling operation is performed while measuring the pressure in the gap 4 with a pressure gauge 28 provided near the injection hole 27. Since a plurality of injection holes 27 are provided, for example, in the upper part of the girder unit 10, the filler 5 is satisfactorily filled over the entire outer periphery of the shield machine 1.

各圧送ポンプ１９、２５の駆動やＡ材及びＢ材の供給量の調整等は、シールド機１の後方に設けられた制御装置２９にて行う。   The driving of each of the pumps 19 and 25 and adjustment of the supply amounts of the A material and the B material are performed by a control device 29 provided at the rear of the shield machine 1.

所定の距離を掘進したらシールド機１を停止し、シールド機１のテール部１３内でセグメント１１を組み立てて、その後にテール部１３を推進させる。テール部１３の推進と同時に、テールボイド部に裏込材を充填する。このとき、充填材５はゲル状で流動性を有しているので、テールボイド部に充填されていた充填材５が裏込材の充填によって前方に押し出されて、ガーダ部１０やテール部１３の周囲の空隙部４に充填されている充填材５の一部が切羽へ流入する。切羽へ流入した充填材５は、次の掘進時に掘削土砂とともに排出される。また、ガーダ部１０やテール部１３の周囲の充填材５もゲル状なので、再び掘進を開始する場合には、シールド機１の外周面と充填材５との間に生じる摩擦抵抗は小さく、シールド機１はスムーズに推進する。   When the predetermined distance is excavated, the shield machine 1 is stopped, the segment 11 is assembled in the tail part 13 of the shield machine 1, and then the tail part 13 is propelled. Simultaneously with the propulsion of the tail portion 13, the tail void portion is filled with the backing material. At this time, since the filler 5 is gel-like and has fluidity, the filler 5 filled in the tail void part is pushed forward by the filling of the backing material, and the girder part 10 and the tail part 13 A part of the filler 5 filled in the surrounding gap 4 flows into the face. The filler 5 that has flowed into the face is discharged together with excavated earth and sand during the next excavation. Further, since the filler 5 around the girder part 10 and the tail part 13 is also in a gel form, when starting to dig again, the frictional resistance generated between the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine 1 and the filler 5 is small, and the shield Machine 1 propels smoothly.

次に、本実施形態に係る充填材５を、シールド機１による急曲線施工で進行方向に対して左右方向に大きく形成された空隙部４に充填した場合における地表面の変位量を実際に測定した結果を示す。   Next, the amount of displacement of the ground surface when the filler 5 according to the present embodiment is filled in the gap 4 that is largely formed in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction by the sharp curve construction by the shield machine 1 is actually measured. The results are shown.

図６は、シールド機１で掘削したトンネル２を示す平面図である。また、図７は、図６のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。   FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the tunnel 2 excavated by the shield machine 1. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.

図６及び図７に示すように、直径６５６０ｍｍの円形断面のシールド機１で深度２５ｍ付近を掘削してトンネル２を構築した。トンネル２は、半径Ｒ＝２５ｍの急曲線区間Ａと、直線区間Ｂと、半径Ｒ＝２５ｍの急曲線区間Ｃとからなる構造である。   As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a tunnel 2 was constructed by excavating around a depth of 25 m with a shield machine 1 having a circular cross section with a diameter of 6560 mm. The tunnel 2 has a structure including a sharp curve section A having a radius R = 25 m, a straight section B, and a sharp curve section C having a radius R = 25 m.

図８及び図９は、それぞれシールド機１でトンネル２を掘削した場合におけるシールド機１の総推力及び地表面の変位量を示す図である。   8 and 9 are diagrams showing the total thrust of the shield machine 1 and the amount of displacement of the ground surface when the tunnel 2 is excavated by the shield machine 1, respectively.

図８に示すように、急曲線区間Ａ及びＣを推進する際の総推力平均値は共に、直線区間Ｂを推進する際の総推力平均値よりも小さかった。すなわち、急曲線施工におけるシールド機１の左右方向に形成された空隙部４の崩壊による胴締めは発生していないと考えられる。したがって、シールド機１の周囲、特に空隙が大きい左右両側に充填された充填材５は、地山３を保持していることがわかる。   As shown in FIG. 8, the total thrust average value when propelling the sharp curve sections A and C were both smaller than the total thrust average value when propelling the straight section B. That is, it is considered that the body tightening due to the collapse of the gap 4 formed in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1 in the sharp curve construction does not occur. Therefore, it turns out that the filler 5 with which the circumference | surroundings of the shield machine 1, especially the right-and-left both sides with a big space | gap were filled has the natural ground 3. FIG.

図９に示すように、トンネル２の上方に位置する地表面の沈下量を測定した。具体的には、急曲線区間Ａを５箇所、直線区間Ｂを１７箇所、急曲線区間Ｃを６箇所の合計２８箇所について測定した。
急曲線区間Ａの地表面は、測定点２５〜２８は沈下し、測定点２４のみ隆起した。隆起量及び沈下量の最大値は、それぞれ１ｍｍ、４ｍｍであった。
直線区間Ｂの地表面にも隆起及び沈下が生じ、隆起量及び沈下量の最大値は共に２ｍｍであった。
急曲線区間Ｃの地表面は沈下のみ生じ、沈下量の最大値は１ｍｍであった。 As shown in FIG. 9, the amount of settlement on the ground surface located above the tunnel 2 was measured. Specifically, the measurement was performed at a total of 28 points including five sharp curve sections A, 17 straight line sections B, and six sharp curve sections C.
On the ground surface in the sharp curve section A, the measurement points 25 to 28 subsided, and only the measurement point 24 was raised. The maximum values of the protruding amount and the sinking amount were 1 mm and 4 mm, respectively.
Uplift and subsidence occurred on the ground surface of the straight section B, and the maximum values of the uplift and subsidence were both 2 mm.
Only the subsidence occurred on the ground surface in the sharp curve section C, and the maximum subsidence amount was 1 mm.

これらの結果が示すように、急曲線区間Ａ及びＣの地表面の変位量は、直線区間Ｂの地表面の変位量とほぼ同じである。すなわち、シールド機１の左右方向に充填された充填材５は、地山３を確実に保持しており、急曲線施工による地山３への影響は無い。   As these results show, the displacement amount of the ground surface in the sharp curve sections A and C is almost the same as the displacement amount of the ground surface in the straight section B. That is, the filler 5 filled in the left-right direction of the shield machine 1 securely holds the natural ground 3 and does not affect the natural ground 3 due to the sharp curve construction.

なお、本実施形態においては、円形断面のシールド機１を用いた方法について説明したが、円形断面のシールド機１に限定されるものではなく、例えば、矩形断面等の様々な断面形状のシールド機１に広く適用が可能である。   In the present embodiment, the method using the shield machine 1 having a circular cross section has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the shield machine 1 having a circular cross section. For example, the shield machine has various cross sectional shapes such as a rectangular cross section. 1 can be widely applied.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の充填材５によれば、分散剤を含むので、消石灰を充填材５中に均一に分散させるとともに、消石灰の沈降を防止することができる。したがって、空隙部４に充填された充填材５の強度にばらつきが無いので、地山３を確実に保持し、地山３の崩落を防止することができる。さらに、充填材５に含まれる消石灰の沈殿を防止できるので、充填作業時における配管等の装置類の閉塞を防止することができる。   As described above, according to the filler 5 of the present embodiment, since the dispersant is included, slaked lime can be uniformly dispersed in the filler 5 and settling of slaked lime can be prevented. Therefore, since there is no variation in the strength of the filler 5 filled in the gap 4, the natural ground 3 can be securely held and the natural ground 3 can be prevented from collapsing. Furthermore, since precipitation of slaked lime contained in the filler 5 can be prevented, blockage of devices such as piping during filling operation can be prevented.

また、消石灰及び分散剤は、原料の入手が容易であり、安価なので充填材５のコストを低減することができる。   Moreover, since the slaked lime and the dispersant are easy to obtain raw materials and are inexpensive, the cost of the filler 5 can be reduced.

そして、シールド機１の推進時に充填材５はゲル状で流動性を有するので、充填材５とシールド機１の外周面との摩擦抵抗が小さくなり、容易に推進することが可能となる。   And since the filler 5 is gel-like and has fluidity at the time of propulsion of the shield machine 1, the frictional resistance between the filler 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the shield machine 1 is reduced and can be easily propelled.

なお、本実施形態においては、注入孔２７はガーダ部１０の上部に設けたが、この位置に限定されるものではなく、シールド機１の掘削断面規模に応じて注入孔２７の位置は適宜変更することが可能である。   In the present embodiment, the injection hole 27 is provided in the upper part of the girder unit 10. However, the position is not limited to this position, and the position of the injection hole 27 is appropriately changed according to the excavation cross-sectional scale of the shield machine 1. Is possible.

また、本実施形態において、急曲線施工による左右方向の余堀掘削によって形成された空隙部４に充填材５を充填する方法について説明したが、これに限定されるものではなく、進行方向に対して上下方向の余堀掘削によって形成される空隙部にも適用することが可能である。   Moreover, in this embodiment, although the method of filling the filler 5 in the gap 4 formed by the left and right side excavation by the sharp curve construction was described, the present invention is not limited to this, but in the traveling direction Therefore, the present invention can also be applied to a gap formed by vertical excavation.

シールド機で急曲線施工にて掘削したトンネルの平面図である。It is a top view of the tunnel excavated by sharp curve construction with the shield machine. 図１のＡ−Ａ’矢視図である。It is an A-A 'arrow line view of FIG. 本実施形態に係る充填材に含まれる材料の配合割合の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the mixture ratio of the material contained in the filler which concerns on this embodiment. シールド機によるトンネルの掘削で形成される空隙部に充填材を充填している状態を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the state which has filled the space | gap part formed by the excavation of the tunnel with a shield machine. 本実施形態に係る充填材の作製方法を示すフロー図である。It is a flowchart which shows the preparation methods of the filler which concerns on this embodiment. シールド機で掘削したトンネルを示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the tunnel excavated with the shield machine. 図６のＤ−Ｄ断面図である。It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. シールド機でトンネルを掘削した場合におけるシールド機の総推力を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the total thrust of a shield machine at the time of excavating a tunnel with a shield machine. シールド機でトンネルを掘削した場合における地表面の変位量を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the displacement amount of the ground surface at the time of excavating a tunnel with a shield machine.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ シールド機
２ トンネル ３ 地山
４ 空隙部 ５ 充填材
６ カッターヘッド ７ フード部
８ 駆動装置 ９ シールドジャッキ
１０ ガーダ部 １１ セグメント
１２ エレクタ １３ テール部
１４ プラント １５ 送給ポンプ
１６ 送給管 １７ タンク
１８ 攪拌機 １９ 圧送ポンプ
２０ 圧送管 ２１ 混合機
２２ 製造装置 ２３ タンク
２４ 攪拌機 ２５ 圧送ポンプ
２６ 圧送管 ２７ 注入孔
２８ 圧力計 ２９ 制御装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield machine 2 Tunnel 3 Ground 4 Space part 5 Filler 6 Cutter head 7 Hood part 8 Drive device 9 Shield jack 10 Girder part 11 Segment 12 Electa 13 Tail part 14 Plant 15 Feed pump 16 Feed pipe 17 Tank 18 Stirrer DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Pressure feed pump 20 Pressure feed pipe 21 Mixer 22 Manufacturing apparatus 23 Tank 24 Stirrer 25 Pressure feed pump 26 Pressure feed pipe 27 Injection hole 28 Pressure gauge 29 Control apparatus

Claims (3)

シールド機によるトンネルの余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填するための充填材であって、
消石灰と、水と混合された前記消石灰をその水中に均一に分散させるための分散剤とを含むことを特徴とする充填材。 A filler for filling a gap generated by excavation of a tunnel by a shield machine,
A filler comprising slaked lime and a dispersing agent for uniformly dispersing the slaked lime mixed with water in the water. シールド機の余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填される充填材の作製方法において、
水と消石灰とを混合して消石灰水を作製し、
この消石灰水に、前記消石灰を前記消石灰水中に均一に分散させるための分散剤を添加して消石灰スラリーを作製し、
充填直前にその消石灰スラリーとベントナイトを含む水とを混合することを特徴とする充填材の作製方法。 In the method for producing the filler to be filled in the gap generated by the excavation of the shield machine,
Mixing water and slaked lime to make slaked lime water,
In this slaked lime water, a dispersant for uniformly dispersing the slaked lime in the slaked lime water is added to produce a slaked lime slurry,
A method for producing a filler characterized by mixing the slaked lime slurry and water containing bentonite immediately before filling. シールド機によりトンネルが掘削された地山を安定化するための安定化方法において、
消石灰と、この消石灰と水とを混合して作製された消石灰水中に当該消石灰を均一に分散させる分散剤と、ベントナイトとを含む充填材を、前記シールド機の余堀掘削によって生じる空隙部に充填して地山を保持することを特徴とする地山の安定化方法。 In the stabilization method for stabilizing the ground where the tunnel was excavated by the shield machine,
Fill the voids created by the excavation of the shield machine with a filler containing bentonite and a dispersing agent that uniformly disperses the slaked lime in the slaked lime water produced by mixing slaked lime and water. A method for stabilizing a natural ground characterized by holding the natural ground.
JP2008050548A 2008-02-29 2008-02-29 Filler, method for producing filler, and method for stabilizing natural ground Active JP5200584B2 (en)

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