JP2009204040A - Transfer device for solid-liquid two-phase fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transfer device for solid-liquid two-phase fluid, wherein negative pressure countermeasures are applied during transfer. <P>SOLUTION: A feed side container T<SB>1</SB>, a reception side container T<SB>2</SB>and a transfer pipe 1 are formed adaptable to vacuum. A vacuum pump 6 and a vacuum pump 7 are provided for controlling a degree of vacuum in the feed side container T<SB>1</SB>and for controlling a degree of vacuum in the reception side container T<SB>2</SB>, respectively. When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid S<SB>1</SB>, the vacuum pumps 6, 7 are used for setting negative pressure in both the feed side container T<SB>1</SB>and the reception side container T<SB>2</SB>and pressure in the feed side container T<SB>1</SB>to be certain differential pressure higher than pressure in the reception side container T<SB>2</SB>to forcibly feed the solid-liquid two-phase fluid into the reception side container T<SB>2</SB>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device in which a solid and a liquid such as slush hydrogen are mixed.

  Liquid hydrogen is one of the promising candidates because it can be stored at high density as a form of hydrogen utilization in the future hydrogen utilization society. Since this liquid hydrogen has a boiling point of 20K (1253 ° C.), boil-off gas (hereinafter referred to as “BOG”) is generated by evaporation, and loss can be considered.

  On the other hand, slush hydrogen, which is a mixture of liquid hydrogen and solid hydrogen, has an increase in density of 10% or more and the amount of cold held by 30% or more compared to the same volume of atmospheric pressure boiling liquid hydrogen. Development of equipment (manufacturing apparatus, supply apparatus, storage apparatus, transfer apparatus, etc.) that uses slush hydrogen as a medium that can further increase the density and has higher added value than liquid hydrogen is currently underway.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-74773 JP 2002-189024 A JP 2006-153208 A

  Due to the physical properties of hydrogen, the triple point (13.8 K / 0.007 Mpa (≈53 Torr)) is the only point where the three states of solid, liquid, and gas can coexist. Therefore, when gaseous hydrogen and solid hydrogen are in contact under conditions other than the triple point, pressure drop due to condensation of gaseous hydrogen and melting of solid hydrogen occur near the contact point.

  Then, when transferring slush hydrogen mixed with liquid hydrogen and solid hydrogen by a transfer device, there is a possibility that solid hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen come into contact with each other. There is a risk. Since it is difficult to use a pump or the like for the transfer of slush hydrogen, the pressure difference between the containers is used for the transfer, but when the container and the piping become negative pressure, the flow control during the transfer is lost, Operation of the transfer device was difficult.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 (a) is a diagram showing a state before transfer in the conventional transfer device, and FIG. 9 (b) is a diagram showing the state during transfer in the conventional transfer device. It is a figure which shows the state of.

As shown in FIG. 9 (a), in the conventional transfer apparatus, prior to transfer, the feed side container T ₁ are stored the slush hydrogen S _1, feed side container T ₁ is such that the air or the like is not mixed Furthermore, it is pressurized with gaseous hydrogen G ₁ having a pressure P ₁ equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure. The receiving container T ₂ is also pressurized with gaseous hydrogen G ₂ having a pressure P ₂ equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure so that air or the like does not enter. The sending container T ₁ and the receiving container T ₂ are connected by a transfer pipe 81 having a valve 82. Since the pressure P ₁ of the sending side container T ₁ is higher than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T ₂ , when the valve 82 is opened, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is received via the transfer pipe 81 due to the differential pressure. It will be transferred to the container T _2.

However, when the slush hydrogen S ₁ is transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ , as shown in FIG. 9B, the slush hydrogen S ₂ is transferred to the sending vessel T ₂ and the transferred slush hydrogen S is transferred. a solid hydrogen in ₂ and receiving side gaseous hydrogen G ₂ in the container T ₂ are brought into contact. When gaseous hydrogen G ₂ and solid hydrogen come into contact under conditions other than the triple point, condensation C of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ occurs, and the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T ₂ decreases accordingly. At this time, the pressure P ₂ in the receiving container T ₂ is reduced to an atmospheric pressure or lower, that is, until it becomes a negative pressure (to a triple point pressure of 0.007 Mpa). In that case, the pressure P _{2 in} the receiving container T ₁ There was a problem that the flow rate control was lost because the differential pressure with ₁ was too large.

Further, in the conventional transfer device, the feed side container T ₁ , the receive side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 81, the valve 82, etc. do not correspond to negative pressure (vacuum), but the receive side container T ₂ has negative pressure. In such a case, there is a problem that air is mixed in from the connection portion.

Such a problem can be solved, for example, by pressurizing with a helium gas having a boiling point lower than that of hydrogen so that the receiving container T ₂ does not become negative pressure. However, when hydrogen is used in a fuel cell vehicle, a liquid hydrogen-oxygen rocket, etc., it is not preferable that impurities other than hydrogen are mixed in the liquid hydrogen of the fuel, and the use of hydrogen alone is required. Therefore, it is not desirable to use impurities such as helium gas as a countermeasure against negative pressure in the transfer device.

  As described above, in a transfer device for a solid-liquid two-phase fluid such as slush hydrogen, there is a problem that a negative pressure is generated at the time of transfer, and it is desired to transfer after taking measures against the negative pressure.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device in which measures against negative pressure during transfer are taken.

The solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The first container, the second container, and the transfer pipe are configured from one corresponding to vacuum,
First vacuum control means for controlling the degree of vacuum of the first container;
Providing a second vacuum control means for controlling the degree of vacuum of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, both the first container and the second container are set to a negative pressure by the first vacuum control unit and the second vacuum control unit, and are constant. The pressure of the first container is made larger than the pressure of the second container by the differential pressure of the above, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the second container;
Pressurization control means for pressurizing the first container;
Pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container is pressurized by the pressurization control means, and the first control is performed with a constant differential pressure by the pressurization control means and the pressure control means. The pressure of the container is made larger than the pressure of the second container, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. It is characterized by.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the second invention,
A convection prevention plate for preventing convection of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container is provided inside the second container.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a fourth invention for solving the above-described problems is
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
Low-temperature gas generating means for generating a low-temperature gas of the same kind as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means;
Using a gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means, and a second pressurizing control means for pressurizing the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container by making the pressure of the first container larger than the pressure of the second container with a differential pressure.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the fourth invention,
The low temperature gas generating means includes:
From a heat exchanger that cools the same type of gas as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to generate a low-temperature gas, or a heat exchanger that generates a low-temperature gas by vaporizing the same type of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid It is characterized by comprising.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a sixth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
A branch pipe for branching the transfer pipe;
A low-temperature gas generating means for generating a low-temperature gas by vaporizing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid flowing in the branch pipe;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means;
Using a gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means, and a second pressurizing control means for pressurizing the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container by making the pressure of the first container larger than the pressure of the second container with a differential pressure.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a seventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to any one of the fourth to sixth inventions,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the second container;
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to a lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. To do.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to an eighth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The inside of the first container and the inside of the second container are separated into two, and the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored on one side separated inside the first container. Storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid on the other side separated inside the one container, and storing the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid on the one separated side inside the second container;
First heating means for vaporizing a liquid of the same type as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on one side separated from the inside of the first container;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas vaporized by the first heating means;
A second heating means for vaporizing a liquid of the same type as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on one side separated from the inside of the second container;
A second pressure control unit configured to pressurize the second container using the gas vaporized by the second heating unit;
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, The pressure of the first container is made larger than the pressure of the second container with a differential pressure, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the other separated side of the second container. .

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a ninth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the eighth invention,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the separated bottom portion inside the first container and the separated bottom portion inside the second container;
The separated solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred. The same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored on the other separated side of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is placed on the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on the other separated side inside the second container. It is transported.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to a tenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the bottom of the second container;
Pressurization control means for pressurizing the first container;
A local heating means for vaporizing an upper layer of the same liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container;
A pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second container using the gas vaporized by the local heating means;
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container is pressurized by the pressurization control means, and the first control is performed with a constant differential pressure by the pressurization control means and the pressure control means. The pressure of the container is made larger than the pressure of the second container, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. It is characterized by.

A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to an eleventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the tenth invention,
A heater made of a superconductor is used as the local heating means.

  According to the present invention, even if a negative pressure is generated during the transfer of a solid-liquid two-phase fluid, for example, slush hydrogen, the transfer can be performed stably.

  Hereinafter, some embodiments of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an embodiment of a solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ is a solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored under an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ and a receiving container T ₂ . A transfer pipe 1 for connecting the two and a valve 2 provided in the transfer pipe 1, and further, a pipe 3 connected to the upper part of the feed side container T ₁ and a valve 4 provided in the pipe 3. through, a hydrogen cylinder 5 for supplying gaseous hydrogen to the feed side container T _1, the vacuum pump 6 to control the feeding side container T ₁ to a pressure of negative pressure (the first vacuum control means), receiving side container T ₂ And a vacuum pump 7 (second vacuum control means) for controlling the pressure to a negative pressure. The sending side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 1, the valve 2, etc. are configured from those corresponding to negative pressure (vacuum). The sending side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T _{2 and the} like have a heat insulating structure, and this is the same in Examples 2 to 8 described later.

Transfer pipe 1, in the feed-side tube T _1, connected to an upper portion of the feed side container T _1, which extends to towards the bottom of the feed side container T _1, the supply port, the feed side container T ₁ is disposed in slush hydrogen S ₁ stored in ₁ . Moreover, transfer pipe 1, in the receiving side container T _2, connected to an upper portion of the feed side container T _2, the outlet is arranged in the gas hydrogen G ₂ satisfying receiving side container T _2.

At the time of transfer is under the control of a control device (not shown), the feed side container T _1, the pressure sensor, the vacuum pump 6, the pressure P ₁ is subatmospheric predetermined pressure (0.007 MPa or higher 0.1 Mpa ( ≈760 torr) or less), and the receiving vessel T ₂ is also controlled by the pressure sensor and the vacuum pump 7 so that the internal pressure P ₂ is a predetermined pressure (0.007 Mpa or more and 0.1 Mpa or less). Further, the pressure P ₁ of the sending side container T ₁ is controlled to be larger than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T _{2 with} a constant differential pressure. For example, when the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T ₂ is supposed to be lowered to a pressure of about 0.007Mpa triple point it may control the pressure P ₁ in 0.027Mpa (≒ 200torr) degree.

Therefore, when opening the valve 2, the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T _1, via a transfer pipe 1, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. Maintaining this time, the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ controls below a predetermined atmospheric pressure, the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ at a constant Therefore, the flow rate control is not lost because the differential pressure becomes too large as in the prior art. Further, when the pressure P ₂ of the receiving vessel T ₂ is controlled to a triple point pressure of 0.007 Mpa, the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ and the solid hydrogen are in contact with each other under conditions close to the triple point. Even if G ₂ is condensed, the influence of the pressure drop due to the condensation is reduced.

Thus, in the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ during transport and following negative pressure atmospheric, negative pressure Under the circumstances, since the transfer is performed by providing a certain differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ , the transfer can be performed stably without losing control of the transfer flow rate.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 11 for connecting the receiving side container T ₂ and a valve 12 provided in the transfer pipe 11, and further, a pipe 13 and a pipe 13 connected to the upper part of the feed side container T _1. A hydrogen cylinder 13 (pressure control means) for supplying gaseous hydrogen to the feed side container T ₁ via the valve 14 provided in the pipe, a pipe 16 connected to the upper part of the feed side container T ₂ , and a pipe 16 Bal to provided, gaseous hydrogen G ₂ in the receiving side container T ₂ by releasing, to control the internal pressure P ₂ And 17 (pressure control means). In this embodiment, the sending side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 11, the valve 12, etc. may not correspond to negative pressure.

The transfer pipe 11 is connected to the bottom of the feed side container T ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and its supply port is disposed in the slush hydrogen S ₁ stored in the feed side container T ₁ . Moreover, transfer pipe 11, in the receiving side container T _2, it is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _2, so that its outlet is located in the slush hydrogen S ₂ to be transferred to the receiving side container T ₂ I have to.

Further, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the liquid hydrogen L _{1 in} the sending side container T ₁ , and the slush hydrogen S transferred to the lower layer of the liquid hydrogen L _{2 in} the sending side container T ₂ . ₂ is stored. The liquid hydrogen L _1, L ₂ is naturally, the temperature changes from 20.3K to 13.8K from the upper layer toward the lower layer has (thermal stratification), liquid hydrogen L ₁ that the temperature stratification, L ₂ there, the presence between the slush hydrogen S _1, S ₂ and gaseous hydrogen G _1, G _2, avoid contact with the slush hydrogen S _1, S ₂ in solid hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen G _1, G ₂ I am doing so.

At the time of transfer, under the control of a control device (not shown), the feed side container T ₁ is set so that the internal pressure P ₁ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure by the pressure sensor, the pipe 13, the valve 14 and the hydrogen cylinder 15. The receiving side container T ₂ is also controlled by the pressure sensor, the pipe 16 and the valve 17 so that the internal pressure P ₂ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure P of the feeding side container T ₁ is further controlled. ₁ is controlled so than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T ₂ increases at constant differential pressure. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from being convected by controlling so as not to increase the differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ .

Therefore, when opening the valve 12, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 11, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be transported. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 3, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 21 connecting between the receiving side container T ₂ and a valve 22 provided on the transfer pipe 21, and further, a pipe 23 and a pipe 23 connected to the upper part of the sending side container T _1. A hydrogen cylinder 23 (pressurization control means) for supplying gaseous hydrogen to the feed side container T ₁ via a valve 24 provided on the pipe, a pipe 26 connected to the upper part of the feed side container T ₂ , and a pipe 26 Bal to provided, gaseous hydrogen G ₂ in the receiving side container T ₂ by releasing, to control the internal pressure P ₂ A Bed 27 (pressure control means), receiving side container T ₂ of the plurality is provided inside the baffle plate 28 (convection preventing plate). Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 21, the valve 22, etc. may not correspond to negative pressure.

Transfer pipe 21, in the same manner as in Example 2, in the feed side container T _1, is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _1, the supply port, slush hydrogen S ₁ stored in the feed side container T ₁ In the receiving container T _2, it is connected to the bottom of the sending container T ₂ and its outlet is located in the slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the receiving container T _2. Like to do.

Further, as in Example 2, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and the temperature in the feed side container T ₂ is also The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and the gaseous hydrogen G in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _{2. 1,} and to avoid contact with G _2.

In addition, receiving side container T ₂ baffle plate 28 provided on the inside, has a plurality of openings 28a, are those that surface disposed parallel to the horizontal direction, also, the receiving side container T ₂ A plurality of stages are arranged along the depth direction. This baffle plate 28 prevents the convection of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ , and in particular prevents the convection of the liquid hydrogen L ₂ during the slush hydrogen transfer, thereby providing the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. L ₂ is maintained to effectively avoid contact between solid hydrogen in slush hydrogen S ₂ and gaseous hydrogen G ₂ .

At the time of transfer, as in the second embodiment, under the control of a control device (not shown), the pressure P ₁ inside the sending side container T ₁ is controlled to become a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the receiving side container T _2. The internal pressure P ₂ is controlled to be a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, and further, the pressure P ₁ of the sending side container T ₁ becomes larger than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T _{2 with} a constant differential pressure. It is controlled. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from being convected by controlling so as not to increase the differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ .

Therefore, when opening the valve 22, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 21, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred to. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Further, since the baffle plate 28 exists, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ can be maintained. Therefore, the possibility of the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ coming into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility of a pressure drop due to condensation is reduced as in the prior art.

As described above, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ and the temperature-stratified liquid. The hydrogen L ₂ is maintained by the baffle plate 28. In such a state, a constant differential pressure is provided between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ and the transfer is performed. The transfer can be performed more stably without losing control of the transfer flow rate.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 31 that connects the receiving side container T ₂ , a valve 32 provided in the transfer pipe 31, a hydrogen cylinder 33 that supplies gaseous hydrogen, and a gas from the hydrogen cylinder 33. A heat exchanger 34 (low-temperature gas generating means) for cooling and supplying hydrogen and an upper portion of the feed side container T ₁ are connected to supply the gaseous hydrogen cooled by the heat exchanger 34 to the feed side container T ₁ . a pipe 35, provided in the piping 35, Val for controlling the feed side container T ₁ the pressure P ₁ 36 (first pressure control means), and the receiving side is connected to the upper container T _2, the pipe 37 and supplies the cooled gaseous hydrogen in the heat exchanger 34 to the receiving side container T _2, the pipe 37 provided, the valve 38 (second pressure control means) for controlling the receiving side container T ₂ the pressure P ₂ and a. Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 31, the valve 32, etc. may not correspond to negative pressure.

As in the second and third embodiments, the transfer pipe 31 is connected to the bottom of the feed side container T ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and the supply port thereof is the slush hydrogen stored in the feed side container T _1. are arranged in S _1, also, in the receiving side container T _2, it is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _2, the discharge port, receiving side container T ₂ in slush hydrogen S ₂ to be transferred to To be located.

Further, as in the second and third embodiments, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ in the sending side container T ₁ , and also in the sending side container T ₂ . The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and gas in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2. Contact with hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ is avoided.

In addition, the heat exchanger 34 cools the gaseous hydrogen from the hydrogen cylinder 33 from room temperature (≈300 K) to, for example, 20 K, and supplies it to the feeding side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ . . This is for the purpose of preventing negative pressure. The internal pressures of the sending side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ are monitored. If negative pressure is likely to occur, gaseous hydrogen cooled to a low temperature is removed. By supplying to the sending side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ , negative pressure is prevented. Further, by using gaseous hydrogen cooled to a low temperature, dissolution of solid hydrogen in slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ and temperature rise of liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are prevented.

At the time of transfer, under the control of a control device (not shown), the sending side container T ₁ has a pressure sensor, a hydrogen cylinder 33, a heat exchanger 34, a pipe 35 and a valve 36 so that the internal pressure P ₁ is equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure. The receiving side container T ₂ is controlled so as to have a predetermined pressure, and the internal pressure P _{2 of} the receiving vessel T ₂ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure by the pressure sensor, the hydrogen cylinder 33, the heat exchanger 34, the pipe 37 and the valve 38. It is controlled to are further controlled to increase at a constant differential pressure than the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ receives side container T ₂ of the feed side container T _1. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from being convected by controlling so as not to increase the differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ .

Therefore, when opening the valve 32, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 31, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

In Examples 2 and 3, the prevention of negative pressure depends on only liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2, but in this example, convection of liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ occurs and slash hydrogen S ₁ , even if solid hydrogen in S ₂ and gaseous hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ contact, negative pressure can be reliably prevented by supplying gaseous hydrogen cooled to low temperature from the outside. .

In the case of the present embodiment, as in the transfer pipe 1 shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), the transfer pipe is also connected to the upper part of the feeding side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T _2. Applicable. In this case, liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are not necessary.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 41 connecting the receiving side container T ₂ and a valve 42 provided on the transfer pipe 41, and further includes a storage container 43 for storing liquid hydrogen L ₃ , and a storage container 43. Connected to the heater 44 (low temperature gas generating means) for vaporizing the liquid hydrogen L ₃ to be stored and the upper part of the feeding side container T ₁ , the gaseous hydrogen G ₃ vaporized in the storage container 43 is supplied to the feeding side container T ₁ . a pipe 45 which is provided on the pipe 45, Val for controlling the feed side container T ₁ the pressure P ₁ 46 (first pressure control means), and the receiving side container T is connected to a _second top, pipe 47 for supplying gaseous hydrogen G ₃ vaporized into the receiving side container T ₂ in the storage container 43, the pipe 47 provided, and a pressure control valve 48 for controlling the receiving side container T ₂ the pressure P ₂ (second pressure control means). Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 41, the valve 42 and the like do not have to correspond to the negative pressure.

As in Examples 2 to 4, the transfer pipe 41 is connected to the bottom of the feed side container T ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and its supply port is a slush hydrogen stored in the feed side container T _1. are arranged in S _1, also, in the receiving side container T _2, it is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _2, the discharge port, receiving side container T ₂ in slush hydrogen S ₂ to be transferred to To be located.

Further, as in Examples 2 to 4, in the feed side container T ₁ , slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ , and also in the feed side container T ₂ . The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and gas in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2. Contact with hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ is avoided.

In addition, the heater 44 generates gaseous hydrogen G ₃ from the liquid hydrogen L ₃ having an atmospheric boiling point of 20.3 K stored in the storage container 43 and supplies the gaseous hydrogen G ₃ to the feeding side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ . I am doing so. This is also for the purpose of preventing negative pressure, similarly to the fourth embodiment, and the internal pressures of the feeding side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ are monitored, and if a negative pressure is likely to occur, a heater is used. By controlling the evaporation amount by 44 and supplying the evaporated gaseous hydrogen G ₃ to the sending side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ , negative pressure is prevented. The vaporized gaseous hydrogen G ₃ remains at a low temperature, and by using the low temperature gaseous hydrogen G ₃ , the solid hydrogen dissolved in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ and the temperature of the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ increased. Is preventing. That is, in Example 4, low-temperature gaseous hydrogen was obtained by cooling gaseous hydrogen at room temperature with a heat exchanger, but in this example, low-temperature gaseous hydrogen is obtained simply by vaporizing liquid hydrogen. be able to. In particular, when the sending container T ₁ is a slush hydrogen station, a storage container for storing liquid hydrogen is used in combination, so that the components of the present embodiment can be reduced.

At the time of transfer, under the control of a control device (not shown), the feed side container T ₁ is a predetermined pressure whose internal pressure P ₁ is equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure by the pressure sensor, the storage container 43, the heater 44, the pipe 45 and the valve 46. The receiving container T ₂ is also controlled by the pressure sensor, the storage container 43, the heater 44, the piping 47 and the valve 48 so that the internal pressure P ₂ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, and is controlled to increase at a constant differential pressure than the pressure P ₂ of the feeding side container T ₁ of the pressure P ₁ receives side container T _2. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from convection by controlling the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ so as not to increase.

Therefore, when opening the valve 42, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 41, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

In Examples 2 and 3, the prevention of negative pressure depends only on liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2, but also in this example, convection of liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ occurs and slush hydrogen is generated. Even if solid hydrogen in S ₁ and S ₂ contacts with gaseous hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ , negative pressure can be reliably prevented by supplying low-temperature gaseous hydrogen from the outside.

In the case of the present embodiment as well, the transfer pipe is inserted from the upper part of the feed side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ as in the transfer pipe 1 shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1). Applicable. In this case, liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are not necessary.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 6, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 51 connecting the receiving side container T ₂ and a valve 52 provided on the transfer pipe 51, and further includes a branch pipe 53 that branches the transfer pipe 51, and a branch pipe 53. And a heat exchanger 55 (low temperature gas generating means) that vaporizes slush hydrogen passing through the valve 54 and generates low temperature gaseous hydrogen, and a feed side container T. is connected to _one of the upper, feed the vaporized gaseous hydrogen in the heat exchanger 55 A pipe 56 for supplying to the vessel T _1, provided the pipe 56, a valve 57 for controlling the feed side container T ₁ the pressure P ₁ (first pressure control means), the receiving side container T ₂ at the top A pipe 58 connected to supply gaseous hydrogen vaporized by the heat exchanger 55 to the receiving container T ₂ and a valve 59 (first valve) provided in the pipe 58 for controlling the pressure P ₂ inside the receiving container T ₂ . 2 pressurizing control means). Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 51, the valve 52, etc. may not correspond to negative pressure.

As in Examples 2 to 5, the transfer pipe 51 is connected to the bottom of the feed side container T ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and its supply port is a slush hydrogen stored in the feed side container T _1. are arranged in S _1, also, in the receiving side container T _2, it is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _2, the discharge port, receiving side container T ₂ in slush hydrogen S ₂ to be transferred to To be located.

Further, as in Examples 2-5, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and also in the feed side container T ₂ . The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and gas in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2. Contact with hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ is avoided.

In addition, the heat exchanger 55 evaporates the slush hydrogen branched from the transfer pipe 51 to generate low-temperature gaseous hydrogen and supply it to the sending side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ . Similar to the fourth and fifth embodiments, this is intended to prevent negative pressure, and the internal pressures of the feeding side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ are monitored. The valve 54 is opened and low-temperature gaseous hydrogen is produced by the heat exchanger 55, and the produced gaseous hydrogen is supplied to the sending side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ to prevent negative pressure. The evaporated gaseous hydrogen remains at a low temperature, and by using the gaseous hydrogen at a low temperature, dissolution of solid hydrogen in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ and temperature rise of the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are prevented. Yes. That is, in Examples 4 and 5, separately, gaseous hydrogen, it has been necessary to prepare a liquid hydrogen, in the present embodiment, branches a part of the slush hydrogen is transferred from the feed side container T _1, branched By vaporizing slush hydrogen, low-temperature gaseous hydrogen can be obtained, and the number of components can be further reduced.

At the time of transfer, the internal pressure P ₁ of the feed side container T ₁ is increased by the pressure sensor, the branch pipe 53, the valve 54, the heat exchanger 55, the pipe 56 and the valve 57 under the control of a control device (not shown). The receiving side container T ₂ is also controlled to have a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure, and the internal pressure P ₂ is also equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure by the pressure sensor, branch pipe 53, valve 54, heat exchanger 55, pipe 58 and valve 59. Further, the pressure P ₁ of the feeding side container T ₁ is controlled to be larger than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T _{2 with} a constant differential pressure. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from being convected by controlling so as not to increase the differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ .

Therefore, when opening the valve 52, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 51, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

In Examples 2 and 3, the prevention of negative pressure depends only on liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2, but also in this example, convection of liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ occurs and slush hydrogen is generated. Even if solid hydrogen in S ₁ and S ₂ contacts with gaseous hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ , negative pressure can be reliably prevented by supplying low-temperature gaseous hydrogen from the outside.

In the case of the present embodiment as well, the transfer pipe is inserted from the upper part of the feed side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ as in the transfer pipe 1 shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1). Applicable. In this case, liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are not necessary.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer apparatus of this embodiment, the inside of the sending side container T ₁ (first container) is separated by a wall 63 and the receiving side container T _2. The interior of the (second container) is also separated by the wall 64. The liquid hydrogen L ₃ is stored on one side of the feed side container T ₁ separated by the wall 63, and the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored on the other side of the liquid hydrogen L _{1 in} an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ . Stored in the lower layer. Similarly, liquid hydrogen L ₄ is stored on one side of the receiving vessel T ₂ separated by the wall 64, and the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ is liquid on the other side in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G _2. It is stored in the lower layer of hydrogen L _2. On one side of the feed side container T _1, heater 65 (first heating means, the first pressure control means) is provided, likewise, to one side of the receiving side container T _2, the heater 66 (Second heating means, second pressurization control means) are provided. Further, the other side of the feeding side container T _{1 and} the other side of the receiving side container T ₂ are connected by a transfer pipe 61, and a valve 62 is provided in the transfer pipe 61. Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 61, the valve 62 and the like do not have to correspond to the negative pressure.

Transfer pipe 61, in the same manner as in Example 2-6, in the feed side container T _1, is connected to the bottom of the other side of the feed side container T _1, the supply port, stored in the feeding side container T ₁ The slush hydrogen S ₁ is disposed in the receiving side container T ₂ and connected to the bottom of the other side of the sending side container T ₂ , and its discharge port is transferred to the receiving side container T _2. and so as to be positioned in the slush hydrogen S ₂ that.

Further, as in Examples 2 to 6, in the feed side container T ₁ , the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ , and also in the feed side container T ₂ . The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and gas in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2. Contact with hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ is avoided.

In addition, the heater 65 evaporates the liquid hydrogen L ₄ stored on one side of the feeding side container T ₁ to generate low-temperature gaseous hydrogen, and the pressure P ₁ inside the feeding side container T ₁ is increased. When negative pressure is likely to be monitored, the heater 65 generates low-temperature gaseous hydrogen to prevent negative pressure in the feed side container T ₁ . Similarly, the heater 66 evaporates the liquid hydrogen L ₅ stored on one side of the receiving side container T ₂ to generate low-temperature gaseous hydrogen, and the pressure P ₂ inside the receiving side container T ₂ is increased. monitoring, when it is likely to negative pressure, by generating a low-temperature gaseous hydrogen by the heater 66, to prevent a negative pressure in the receiving side container T _2. This is also intended to prevent negative pressure, as in Examples 4-6. The evaporated gaseous hydrogen remains at a low temperature, and by using the gaseous hydrogen at a low temperature, dissolution of solid hydrogen in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ and temperature rise of the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ are prevented. Yes. That is, in Examples 4 and 5, it was necessary to separately prepare gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen, but in this example, liquid hydrogen L ₄ in the feeding side container T ₁ and liquid hydrogen L in the receiving side container T ₂ are used. _By simply vaporizing ₅ , low-temperature gaseous hydrogen can be obtained, and the number of components can be further reduced.

At the time of transfer, under the control of a control device (not shown), the sending side container T ₁ is controlled by the pressure sensor and the heater 65 so that the internal pressure P ₁ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure. T ₂ also by the pressure sensor, the heater 66 is controlled such that the internal pressure P ₂ becomes a predetermined pressure above atmospheric pressure, further, the pressure P of the feed side container T ₁ of the pressure P ₁ receives side container T ₂ It is controlled to be larger than _{2 with} a certain differential pressure. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from being convected by controlling so as not to increase the differential pressure between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ .

Therefore, when opening the valve 62, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 61, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

In Examples 2 and 3, the prevention of negative pressure depends only on liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2, but also in this example, convection of liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L ₂ occurs and slush hydrogen is generated. Even if contact between solid hydrogen in S ₁ and S ₂ and gaseous hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ occurs, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen is generated inside the container, that is, self-pressurization ensures negative pressure. Can be prevented.

  As described above, in this embodiment, self-pressurization is individually performed in each container to cope with negative pressure, so that slush hydrogen can be handled easily.

In the case of the present embodiment as well, the transfer pipe is inserted from the upper part of the feed side container T ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ as in the transfer pipe 1 shown in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1). Applicable.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 8, the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid of the present embodiment, the feed side container T ₁ is stored in a lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₁ slush hydrogen S ₁ in an atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₁ (first 1 container), a receiving container T ₂ (second container) for storing the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ in the lower layer of liquid hydrogen L ₂ under the atmosphere of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ , and a sending container T ₁ It has a transfer pipe 71 connecting between the receiving side container T ₂ and a valve 72 provided on the transfer pipe 71, and further, a pipe 73 and a pipe 73 connected to the upper part of the sending side container T _1. A hydrogen cylinder 73 (pressurization control means) for supplying gaseous hydrogen to the feed side container T ₁ via a valve 74 provided on the side, and a local heating element 76 (local heating means) provided inside the receiving side container T ₂ Pressure control means). Also in this embodiment, the feeding side container T ₁ , the receiving side container T ₂ , the transfer pipe 71, the valve 72, etc. do not have to correspond to the negative pressure.

Similarly to Examples 2 to 7, the transfer pipe 71 is connected to the bottom of the feed side container T ₁ in the feed side container T ₁ , and the supply port thereof is the slush hydrogen stored in the feed side container T _1. are arranged in S _1, also, in the receiving side container T _2, it is connected to the bottom part of the feed side container T _2, the discharge port, receiving side container T ₂ in slush hydrogen S ₂ to be transferred to To be located.

Further, as in Examples 2 to 7, in the feed side container T ₁ , the slush hydrogen S ₁ is stored in the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₁ , and also in the feed side container T ₂ . The slush hydrogen S ₂ transferred to the lower layer of the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is stored, and the solid hydrogen and gas in the slush hydrogen S ₁ and S ₂ are stored by the liquid hydrogen L ₁ and L _2. Contact with hydrogen G ₁ and G ₂ is avoided.

Local heating element 76 is to heat only the upper layer portion of the liquid hydrogen L _2. By performing such heating, the upper portion of the liquid hydrogen L ₂ can be heated and vaporized without heating the slush hydrogen S ₂ , and the inside of the receiving vessel T ₂ can be self-pressurized. As such a local heating element 76, a superconductor, platinum, or the like can be used. Superconductors, for example, magnesium diboride (MgB _2; critical temperature Tc = 39K) is not heating the superconducting portion, which generates heat in a normal conducting portion, slush hydrogen S _2, the liquid hydrogen L ₂ The cooled portion becomes superconducting and does not generate heat, the portion of gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is not cooled and becomes normal conducting, and heat is generated, and the generated heat heats and vaporizes only the upper layer portion of liquid hydrogen L _2. become. The amount of heat generated by platinum also varies greatly depending on the temperature. Like the superconductor, heat is generated in the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ portion, and the generated heat heats and vaporizes only the upper layer portion of the liquid hydrogen L _2. It will be. Although a normal heater can be used, in that case, if the heater is divided into a plurality of portions in the depth direction, only the heater in the upper layer portion of the liquid hydrogen L ₂ is heated. Good.

Utilizing such characteristics, the local heating element 76 can evaporate the liquid hydrogen L ₂ in the receiving container T ₂ to generate low-temperature gaseous hydrogen, and the inside of the receiving container T _2. When the pressure P ₂ is monitored and a negative pressure is likely to be generated, the local heating element 76 generates low-temperature gaseous hydrogen to prevent the negative pressure in the receiving container T ₂ . This is also intended to prevent negative pressure, as in Examples 4-7. The evaporated gaseous hydrogen remains at a low temperature, and by using the gaseous hydrogen at a low temperature, dissolution of solid hydrogen in the slush hydrogen S ₂ is prevented. That is, in Examples 4 and 5, it was necessary to separately prepare gaseous hydrogen and liquid hydrogen. However, in this embodiment as well, low-temperature gaseous hydrogen can be obtained simply by vaporizing the liquid hydrogen L ₂ in the receiving container T _2. And the number of components can be further reduced.

At the time of transfer, under the control of a control device (not shown), the internal pressure P ₁ of the feed side container T ₁ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure by the pressure sensor, the pipe 73, the valve 74 and the hydrogen cylinder 75. The receiving side container T ₂ is controlled by the pressure sensor and the local heating element 76 so that the internal pressure P ₂ becomes a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the pressure P ₁ of the feeding side container T ₁ is further controlled. It is controlled so as increase at constant differential pressure than the pressure P ₂ of the receiving side container T _2. At this time, it is desirable to prevent the liquid hydrogen L ₂ from convection by controlling the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ so as not to increase.

Therefore, when opening the valve 72, the feed side due to the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the container T _1, through a transfer pipe 71, slush hydrogen S ₁ is received side container T ₂ Will be transferred. At this time, since the control to maintain the pressure difference between the pressure P ₂ of the pressure P ₁ and the receiving side container T ₂ of the feed side container T ₁ constant, as in the prior art, the differential pressure is too large Thus, flow control is not lost. In addition, since the pressure difference between the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P ₂ is controlled so as not to increase, the slush hydrogen S ₁ is slowly transferred to the receiving vessel T ₂ while maintaining the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L _2. Will be. Therefore, the possibility that the solid hydrogen in the transferred slush hydrogen S ₂ comes into contact with the gaseous hydrogen G ₂ is small, and the possibility that the pressure drop due to condensation occurs as in the conventional case is also small.

Thus, in the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device of this embodiment, the temperature-stratified liquid hydrogen L ₂ is interposed between the slush hydrogen S ₂ and the gaseous hydrogen G _2, and the pressure P ₁ and the pressure P _Since the transfer is performed with a certain differential pressure between the _two , it does not become negative pressure as before, and the transfer is stably performed without losing control of the transfer flow rate. Can do.

In Examples 2 and 3, the prevention of negative pressure depends on only liquid hydrogen L _2, but also in this example, convection of liquid hydrogen L ₂ occurs and solid hydrogen in slush hydrogen S ₂ is produced. Even when the gas hydrogen G ₂ comes into contact, negative pressure can be reliably prevented by generating low-temperature gaseous hydrogen inside the container, that is, by self-pressurization.

  The present invention is suitable for transferring a solid-liquid two-phase fluid such as slush hydrogen. For example, a hydrogen station is used as a sending side container, a vehicle or a rocket tank as a receiving side container, and slush hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen station. Applicable when transferring to vehicle or rocket tank.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example (Example 1) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 2) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 3) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 4) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 5) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 6) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 7) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example (Example 8) of embodiment of the transfer apparatus of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid which concerns on this invention. (A) is a figure which shows the state before the transfer in the conventional transfer apparatus, (b) is a figure which shows the state at the time of the transfer in the conventional transfer apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71 Transfer piping 5, 15, 25, 33, 75 Cylinder 6, 7 Vacuum pump 17, 27, 36, 38, 46, 48, 57, 59 Valve 28 Baffle plate 34,55 heat exchanger 43 storage containers 44,65,66 heater 53 branch pipes 63, 64 walls 76 locally heating elements G _1, G _2, G ₃ gaseous hydrogen _{L 1, L 2, L 3} , L 4, L ₅ Liquid hydrogen S ₁ , S ₂ Slash hydrogen T ₁ Feeding side container T ₂ Receiving side container

Claims (11)

In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The first container, the second container, and the transfer pipe are configured from one corresponding to vacuum,
First vacuum control means for controlling the degree of vacuum of the first container;
Providing a second vacuum control means for controlling the degree of vacuum of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, both the first container and the second container are set to a negative pressure by the first vacuum control unit and the second vacuum control unit, and are constant. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container by making the pressure of the first container larger than the pressure of the second container by the differential pressure of Transfer device. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the second container;
Pressurization control means for pressurizing the first container;
Pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container is pressurized by the pressurization control means, and the first control is performed with a constant differential pressure by the pressurization control means and the pressure control means. The pressure of the container is made larger than the pressure of the second container, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to claim 2,
A solid-liquid two-phase fluid characterized in that a convection prevention plate for preventing convection of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container is provided inside the second container. Transfer device. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
Low-temperature gas generating means for generating a low-temperature gas of the same kind as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means;
Using a gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means, and a second pressurizing control means for pressurizing the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, Transfer of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, wherein the pressure of the first container is made larger than the pressure of the second container by a differential pressure, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container. apparatus. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to claim 4,
The low temperature gas generating means includes:
From a heat exchanger that cools the same type of gas as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to generate a low-temperature gas, or a heat exchanger that generates a low-temperature gas by vaporizing the same type of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device characterized in that it is configured. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
A branch pipe for branching the transfer pipe;
A low-temperature gas generating means for generating a low-temperature gas by vaporizing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid flowing in the branch pipe;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means;
Using a gas generated by the low temperature gas generating means, and a second pressurizing control means for pressurizing the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, Transfer of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, wherein the pressure of the first container is made larger than the pressure of the second container by a differential pressure, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the second container. apparatus. In the transfer device of the solid-liquid two-phase fluid according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the second container;
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to a lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The inside of the first container and the inside of the second container are separated into two, and the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored on one side separated inside the first container. Storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid on the other side separated inside the one container, and storing the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid on the one separated side inside the second container;
First heating means for vaporizing a liquid of the same type as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on one side separated from the inside of the first container;
First pressurizing control means for pressurizing the first container using the gas vaporized by the first heating means;
A second heating means for vaporizing a liquid of the same type as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on one side separated from the inside of the second container;
A second pressure control unit configured to pressurize the second container using the gas vaporized by the second heating unit;
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container and the second container are pressurized by the first pressure control unit and the second pressure control unit, The pressure of the first container is made larger than the pressure of the second container with a differential pressure, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the other separated side of the second container. Solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to claim 8,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the separated bottom portion inside the first container and the separated bottom portion inside the second container;
The separated solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred. The same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored on the other separated side of the second container,
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is placed on the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored on the other separated side inside the second container. A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device characterized by transferring. In the solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device for transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid from the first container for storing the solid-liquid two-phase fluid to the second container through the transfer pipe,
The solid-liquid two-phase fluid inside the first container is stored in a lower layer of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the second container inside the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred In addition, the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is stored,
Connecting the transfer pipe to the bottom of the first container and the bottom of the second container;
Pressurization control means for pressurizing the first container;
A local heating means for vaporizing an upper layer of the same liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container;
A pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the second container using the gas vaporized by the local heating means;
When transferring the solid-liquid two-phase fluid, the first container is pressurized by the pressurization control means, and the first control is performed with a constant differential pressure by the pressurization control means and the pressure control means. The pressure of the container is made larger than the pressure of the second container, and the solid-liquid two-phase fluid is transferred to the lower layer side of the same kind of liquid as the solid-liquid two-phase fluid stored in the second container. A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device. The solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer device according to claim 10,
A solid-liquid two-phase fluid transfer apparatus using a heater made of a superconductor as the local heating means.

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