JP2009089520A - Power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a noncontact type power supply system excellent in safety and durability, feeding a load positioned in any place on a floor surface without using any electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic wave. <P>SOLUTION: This power supply system supplies power with a predetermined load through a movable body 20 allocated in a power supplied area 2 from a fixing body 10 arranged in a power supplying area 1. The fixing body 10 includes a first power transmission electrode 12 and a second power transmission electrode 13 located in a proximity position to the mutual interface between the power supplying area 1 and the power supplied area 2. The movable body 20, which is located in a proximity position to the interface, is provided with: a first power receiving electrode 21; and a second power receiving electrode 22 positioned in a facing and noncontact manner in relation to the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system for supplying power to various loads.

  In general, a power supply system that supplies power to various loads arranged on the floor surface is a contact type that supplies power by bringing an electrode that is exposed on the floor surface into contact with an electrode provided on the bottom surface of the load. The power supply system can be broadly divided into a non-contact type power supply system that supplies power without contacting an electrode provided in a non-exposed state inside the floor with a load electrode.

  A conventional contact-type power supply system is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-168233. This system supplies power to a load (an object on the floor) that moves on the floor surface, and is configured by providing a plurality of power transmission electrodes on the floor surface and providing power reception electrodes on the floor object. Then, power is supplied to the object on the floor by bringing the power receiving electrode of the object on the floor moving on the floor surface into contact with one of the plurality of power transmission electrodes.

  On the other hand, a conventional non-contact power supply system is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-93704. This system supplies power to a load (a ground movable body) that moves along a traveling path. An induction wire is disposed along the traveling path, and an iron core in which a coil is wound around the ground movable body. Is provided. Then, a high-frequency current is passed through the induction wire, and electromagnetic induction is performed with the induction wire as the primary side and the coil as the secondary side, thereby supplying power to the ground movable body.

JP 2005-168233 A JP-A-9-93704

  However, in the conventional contact type system described above, since the power transmission electrode is exposed on the floor, there is a risk of electric shock due to the power transmission electrode touching the human body, or an electric shock prevention structure is provided. However, it is difficult to introduce it into a place where there is a person such as an office space because there is a psychological anxiety due to the electrode being exposed. In addition, when water or the like is spilled on the floor surface, a short circuit occurs between the power transmission electrodes, the power transmission electrode corrodes due to long-term use, or the power transmission electrode and the received power come into direct contact with these. When wear occurs or when dust accumulates on the floor surface or adheres to dirt, they become resistances, causing problems in terms of safety and durability. Furthermore, since the power transmission electrode is exposed on the floor surface, there is a problem that an uncomfortable feeling in design occurs.

  On the other hand, in the conventional non-contact type power supply system described above, there is no problem with the above-described contact type power supply system, but in order to increase power transmission efficiency, the induction wire and the coil are brought close to each other, or induction There are many positional restrictions, such as the necessity of aligning the induction wire and the coil so that the magnetic flux generated by energizing the wire passes through the central axis of the coil. Accordingly, there is a problem that power can be supplied only through a fixed route such as a traveling path, and power cannot be supplied to a movable body such as a robot that needs to move freely on the floor surface. . In addition, it is necessary to use a magnetic material such as an iron core to form a magnetic path, which increases the weight and causes noise due to magnetostriction when the magnetic material is subjected to AC excitation. In addition, as a non-contact power supply system, it is conceivable to supply power using electromagnetic waves, but there are strict regulations from the viewpoint of avoiding adverse effects on the human body and malfunctions of electronic devices, and people like office spaces It was difficult to install in the place where there is.

  Therefore, the present invention is a contactless power supply system that is excellent in safety and durability, and supplies power to a load located at an arbitrary place on the floor without using electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic waves. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention according to claim 1 provides a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in the power supply area via a movable body arranged in the power supply area. A power supply system for supplying electric power to the power supply system, wherein the fixed body is disposed in a vicinity of a boundary surface between the power supply area and the power supplied area, A first power transmission electrode and a second power transmission electrode for supplying power from a power source are provided, and the movable body is arranged at a position near the boundary surface, and the first power transmission electrode or the first power transmission electrode A first power receiving electrode and a second power receiving electrode that are arranged in a non-contact manner with respect to the two power transmitting electrodes across the boundary surface, and the first power receiving electrode is opposed to the first power transmitting electrode. Either one of the first receiving electrode or the second receiving electrode Is arranged, the first coupling capacitor is configured, and the other one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the second power transmitting electrode. A second coupling capacitor is configured, and electric power from the predetermined power source is transmitted through the first coupling capacitor, the load, and the second coupling capacitor.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the fixed body includes a plurality of the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode arranged in parallel along the boundary surface. The movable body includes connection means for connecting the first power receiving electrode, the second power receiving electrode, and the load to each other, the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode. Any one of the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and either one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is disposed to face the second power transmitting electrode. In this case, the one first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode can be energized to the anode of the load, and the other first power receiving electrode or second from the cathode of the load. Of the first power receiving electrode or the first power receiving electrode or the first power receiving electrode. The power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the second power transmitting electrode, and the other first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode. The first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode can be energized from the other first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode to the anode of the load, and the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode can be supplied from the cathode of the load. It is characterized in that a connection means is provided to enable energization of the battery.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the fixed body is provided with a fixed body side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the first power transmission electrode. The movable body or the fixed body has detection means for detecting a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor and the fixed body side inductor, and detection by the detection means. The first coupling capacitor, the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor are maintained in series resonance according to the series resonance state, The operating frequency of the two coupling capacitors and the fixed body side inductor, the inductance of the fixed body side inductor, or the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling Capacitance of capacitor, characterized in that a series resonance controlling means for controlling at least one.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention according to the first or second aspect, the movable body includes a third connected in series between the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor. A capacitor is provided.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the present invention according to the fourth aspect, the movable body is provided with a plurality of sets each including the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode. From the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode of each of the plurality of sets, and a single plate-like body disposed so as to face the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode, The third capacitor is configured.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the present invention according to the fourth or fifth aspect, the fixed body is provided with a fixed body side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the first power transmission electrode. Detecting the movable body or the fixed body for detecting a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor. And a series resonance between the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the third capacitor and the fixed body side inductor according to the series resonance state detected by the detection means Operating frequency of the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor, and the fixed body side inductor Inductance, or, with the capacitance of the said and the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor second coupling capacitors, characterized in that a series resonance controlling means for controlling at least one.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the present invention according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, the movable body is provided with a movable body-side inductor connected in parallel to the third capacitor, and the third Power is supplied to the load by parallel resonance between the capacitor and the movable body side inductor.

  The present invention according to claim 8 is the present invention according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the movable body is connected in parallel to the third capacitor, and the third capacitor and The movable body side inductor for supplying electric power to the load by parallel resonance according to the frequency of the predetermined power source is provided, and the fixed body includes the predetermined power source and the first power source. A first fixed body-side inductor connected in series between the power transmission electrode and a second fixed body-side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the second power transmission electrode. The movable body or the fixed body includes a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor and the first fixed body side inductor, the second coupling capacitor, and the second fixed body side inductor. Series mutual between Detection means for detecting a state, series resonance between the first coupling capacitor and the first fixed body side inductor according to the series resonance state detected by the detection means, and the second The first fixed body side inductor and the second fixed body side inductor so as to maintain the series resonance between the first fixed capacitor side inductor and the second fixed body side inductor. And a series resonance control means for controlling at least one of the capacitance of the second coupling capacitor and the capacitance of the second coupling capacitor.

  The present invention according to claim 9 is the present invention according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first power transmission electrode and the second power reception electrode with respect to the first power reception electrode or the second power reception electrode An adjustment means for adjusting the relative position of the power transmission electrode is provided.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, power can be supplied while the power transmitting electrode and the power receiving electrode are not in contact with each other, and there is no need to expose the power transmitting electrode to the power supply region. The risk of electric shock caused by touching the human body can be eliminated, and psychological anxiety can be eliminated, so that it can be easily introduced to places where people are present, such as office spaces. In addition, since the power transmission electrodes are not exposed to the power supply area, even if water or the like is spilled on the floor, there is no short circuit between the power transmission electrodes, and the power transmission electrodes corrode even during long-term use. The power supply system can be improved in safety and durability, for example, by preventing dust from being worn out and preventing power supply efficiency from being reduced even if dust accumulates on the floor surface or adheres to dirt. Furthermore, since the power transmission electrode is not exposed to the power supply region, the design does not cause a sense of incongruity. In addition, since it is possible to supply power if the power receiving electrode and the power transmitting electrode are arranged to face each other at a distance such that a desired capacitor capacity is generated, it is not necessary to perform precise alignment as in the electromagnetic induction method. The degree of freedom can be increased, and power can be continuously supplied to a movable body such as a robot that needs to move freely on the floor. Further, since it is not necessary to use a magnetic material such as an iron core, each of the solid body and the movable body can be reduced in weight, and noise due to magnetostriction is not generated. Furthermore, unlike the electromagnetic wave power feeding method, it is not subject to restrictions from the viewpoint of avoiding adverse effects on the human body and malfunctions of electronic devices, making it easier to introduce into places where people are present such as office spaces. .

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, even when the movable body moves in the power supply region, the connection state between the coupling capacitor and the load is automatically switched to maintain an appropriate polarity with respect to the load. Therefore, the freedom of movement of the movable body can be maintained and improved.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the impedance of a power supply circuit can be minimized by utilizing series resonance, and a power supply efficiency can be improved.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, an electric current can be stably supplied with respect to load by rectifying using a 3rd capacitor | condenser.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, a movable body can be comprised simply and cheaply by comprising a several capacitor | condenser for rectification | straightening using one capacitor | condenser plate.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the impedance of power supply can be minimized and the power supply efficiency can be improved by performing series resonance while continuously resonating using the third capacitor. .

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, by using parallel resonance, it is possible to increase the load impedance, reduce the influence of the impedance of the power supply circuit, and improve the power supply efficiency.

  According to the eighth aspect of the invention, by using series resonance and parallel resonance, the impedance of the power supply circuit can be minimized, the impedance of the load can be increased, and the power supply efficiency can be improved. .

  According to the ninth aspect of the invention, since the power can be supplied after adjusting the relative position of the fixed body with respect to the movable body, the relative position between the movable body and the fixed body can be adjusted even under various circumstances. It can establish stably and can supply electric power in a suitable state. In particular, when electric power is supplied to an electric vehicle, a conventional cable is not necessary, and various problems due to the presence of the cable can be solved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, [I] the basic concept common to each embodiment was explained, then [II] the specific contents of each embodiment were explained, and [III] finally, a modification to each embodiment was explained. To do. However, the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.

[I] Basic concept common to the embodiments First, the basic concept common to the embodiments will be described. The power supply system according to each embodiment is a power supply system for supplying power from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area to a movable body arranged in a power supply area. The specific configuration of the power supply area and the power supply area is arbitrary, and includes, for example, an internal space of a building such as a general house or an office building, an internal space of a vehicle such as a train or an airplane, or an outdoor space. Hereinafter, a surface that partitions the power supply region and the power supplied region from each other is referred to as a boundary surface. For example, when the power supply area is a room of a building and the power supply area is a floor of the room, the upper surface (floor surface) of the floor is a boundary surface.

  The fixed body includes one provided with a power source inside the fixed body and one that supplies power supplied from a power source outside the fixed body to the movable body. This fixed body is arranged in the power supply area, but is not limited to one that is permanently immovable and can be removed from the power supply area when not in use, Including those that can move to any position inside. In particular, the entire fixed body is not limited to a fixed one at all times. For example, by adjusting the positions of some components of the fixed body as necessary, the relative relationship between the component and the movable body is increased. Including those that can change the positional relationship.

  The movable body includes one that is used by being fixedly arranged in the power supply area (stationary body) and one that moves as necessary within the power supply area (moving body). The function and specific configuration of the movable body are arbitrary except for special points. For example, the stationary body can include devices such as computers and household appliances, and the mobile body can be a robot or an electric vehicle. Can be mentioned.

  In such a configuration, one of the basic features common to the embodiments is that power is supplied from the fixed body to the movable body in a non-contact manner. This non-contact power supply is generally performed using a coupling capacitor arranged via a boundary surface. That is, a coupling capacitor (coupling capacitor) is configured by disposing a power transmission electrode provided on a fixed body and a power reception electrode provided on a movable body so as to face each other in a non-contact manner with a boundary surface interposed therebetween. At least two such coupling capacitors are provided and arranged in the power transmission path, and electric field type power transmission is performed through the two coupling capacitors. According to this configuration, since it is not necessary to expose the power transmission electrode of the fixed body to the power supply region, it is possible to improve the safety and durability of the power supply system. In addition, by arranging a plurality of power transmission electrodes, even when the movable body moves, power can be continuously supplied to the movable body, and the degree of freedom of movement of the movable body can be ensured.

[II] Specific Contents of Each Embodiment Next, specific contents of each embodiment of the power supply system will be described.

[Embodiment 1]
First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. This form is a basic form for performing non-contact power supply.

(overall structure)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a living room to which the power supply system according to the present embodiment is applied. In the present embodiment, a movable body (here, a robot) 20 that moves inside a power supplied area (here, a room) 2 from a fixed body 10 arranged in the power supply area (here, the space below the floorboard) 1. The power supply system of this form is comprised including the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20. Here, the floor board 3 laid above the power supply area 1 corresponds to a boundary surface between the power supply area 1 and the power supplied area 2, and coupling capacitors 30 and 31 to be described later via the floor board 3. (Not shown in FIG. 1) is configured.

(Overall structure-fixed body)
Next, the configuration of the fixed body 10 will be described. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the fixed body and the movable body shown in FIG. The fixed body 10 includes a DC power source 11, a first power transmission electrode 12, a second power transmission electrode 13, a switching unit 14, a communication unit 15, and a control unit 16.

  The DC power source 11 is a DC power supply source, and corresponds to the predetermined power source in the claims. For example, the DC power supply 11 is configured as an AC / DC converter that converts AC power transmitted through a transmission line into DC power, or is configured as a storage battery. In FIG. 2, in addition to the fixed body 10 shown in FIG. 2 through a common anode line 17a and GND line 17b from one DC power supply 11, another fixed body 10 not shown in FIG. However, although an example in which DC power is supplied is shown, one DC power source 11 may be provided for each of the fixed bodies 10. In FIG. 2, the configuration for supplying power to the communication unit 15 and the control unit 16 is omitted, but the DC power source 11 and a power source different from the DC power source 11 are passed through an arbitrary path. Power can be supplied to the communication unit 15 and the control unit 16.

  Each of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 is a flat conductor, and is disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position near the lower side of the floor plate 3. The first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 may be brought into contact with the floor board 3 or may be arranged at a minute distance from the floor board 3. In any case, the surfaces of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 on the power supply region 2 side (here, the upper surface) are completely covered by the floor plate 3, and the first The power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 are not exposed to the power supplied region 2. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power transmission electrodes 12 and 13”.

  The switching unit 14 is a conversion unit that converts the DC power supplied from the DC power supply 11 into high-frequency AC power by switching, and supplies it to the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13. Specifically, the switching unit 14 includes transistors 14a and 14b, diodes 14c and 14d connected in parallel to the transistors 14a and 14b, and a switching control unit 14e. The transistor 14a has a base connected to the switching control unit 14e, a collector connected to the anode line 17a, and an emitter connected to the first power transmission electrode 12, and is switched at a predetermined speed (for example, 100 MHz) by the switching control unit 14e. DC power supplied from the power supply 11 is converted into high-frequency AC power and supplied to the first power transmission electrode 12. Since a large current from the anode line 17a flows through the transistor 14a, for example, a power transistor is used. The transistor 14b has a base connected to the switching control unit 14e, a collector connected to the first power transmission electrode 12, and an emitter connected to the GND line 17b. The transistor 14b is basically always in an OFF state, and the coupling capacitor 30 is charged. Sometimes, the switching control unit 14e is turned on to ground the charge charged in the coupling capacitor 30 to the GND line 17b, thereby eliminating the charge of the coupling capacitor 30. Since only a relatively small current flows through the transistor 14b, a transistor having a smaller current capacity than that of the transistor 14a can be used. The diodes 14c and 14d are backflow prevention diodes that prevent backflow of current from the collectors to the emitters of the transistors 14a and 14b. The switching control unit 14e communicates with the communication unit 15 and the control unit 16, and controls the switching of the transistors 14a and 14b as described above according to the communication content.

  The communication unit 15 is a communication unit that communicates with a later-described communication unit 28 provided on the movable body 20. Although the specific configuration of the communication unit 15 is arbitrary, for example, the communication unit 15 is configured using RF / MAC that performs RF communication using the MAC protocol (the same applies to the communication unit 28 described later). The communication unit 15 preferably performs stable communication without being affected by switching noise by performing communication at a carrier frequency sufficiently higher than the switching frequency by the switching unit 14 (in the communication unit 28 described later). the same). The communication unit 15 is communicably connected to the switching control unit 14e as illustrated. The communication unit 15 is coupled to the power line from the transistor 14a to the first power transmission electrode 12 via the capacitor 15b, and to the power line from the second power transmission electrode 13 to the GND line 17b. It is connected. A specific communication method by the communication unit 15 is arbitrary, and for example, wireless communication can be adopted. Here, PLC (Power Line Communications) communication (semi-wireless communication) via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is used. (Same in communication unit 28). That is, the communication unit 15 superimposes an analog communication signal on the current and transmits the signal to the movable body 20 side via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, and the current supplied from the movable body 20 side via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. The analog communication signal components are separated from each other using a filter.

  The control unit 16 is a control unit that controls the fixed body 10, and is communicably connected to the switching control unit 14e via a communication line. The control unit 16 is connected to the server 5 via, for example, the HUB 4 and performs a control operation according to a control signal from the server 5. However, it is possible to perform independent control by incorporating an independent control program into the control unit 16 and to omit the HUB 4 and the server 5. Further, the communication connection destination of the control unit 16 may be other than the server 5. For example, a plurality of fixed bodies 10 arranged in the power supply region 10 by performing communication with another adjacent control unit 16. Can be linked to each other. The specific configuration of the control unit 16 is arbitrary, but includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a program interpreted and executed on the CPU (the same applies to the control unit 29 described later).

(Overall structure-movable body)
Next, the configuration of the movable body 20 will be described. The movable body 20 includes a first power receiving electrode 21, a second power receiving electrode 22, a connection unit 23, an inductor 24, a detection unit 25, a smoothing capacitor 26, a load 27, a communication unit 28, and a control unit 29. Has been. In FIG. 2, a configuration for supplying power to the communication unit 28 and the control unit 29 is omitted, but power is supplied to the communication unit 28 and the control unit 29 in the same manner as the power supply to the load 27. Alternatively, the movable body 20 may be provided with a power source such as a storage battery, and the power source may be supplied to the communication unit 28 or the control unit 29 from the power source. In this case, the storage battery may be charged with the electric power supplied to the load 27.

  Each of the first power receiving electrode 21 and the second power receiving electrode 22 receives power supplied from the fixed body 10 and is configured as a flat conductor. Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the first power receiving electrode 21 and the second power receiving electrode 22 from each other, these are simply collectively referred to as “power receiving electrodes 21 and 22”. These power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are arranged substantially parallel to the floor plate 3 at a position in direct contact with the upper surface of the floor plate 3 or at a position spaced apart by a minute interval.

  In this state, one of the first power receiving electrode 21 and the second power receiving electrode 22 (the first power receiving electrode 21 in FIG. 2) is disposed so as to face the first power transmitting electrode 12 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween. The capacitor 30 is configured. Further, the other one of the first power receiving electrode 21 and the second power receiving electrode 22 (the second power receiving electrode 22 in FIG. 2) is disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 13 with the floor plate 3 interposed therebetween to form a coupling capacitor. 31 is constituted. Here, since the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are not exposed in the power supplied region 2, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 21 and 22 are arranged in a non-contact state.

  The connection portion 23 connects the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 and the load 27 to each other, and corresponds to the connection means in the claims. Specifically, the connecting portion 23 includes four diodes 23a to 23d, and the first power receiving electrode 21 is connected to the anode side of the load via the diode 23b so as to be energized. Two power receiving electrodes 22 are connected to the cathode side of the load through a diode 23d so as to be energized.

  The connection portion 23 configured in this way receives the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 so that the electric power from the fixed body 10 can be always supplied to the load 27 regardless of the orientation of the movable body 20 with respect to the fixed body 10. And the load 27 are connected to each other with an appropriate polarity. That is, when the movable body 20 is arranged in the power supplied area 2 in a random direction, or when the movable body 20 arranged in the power supplied area 2 moves in the power supplied area 2 in a random direction. Is either the first power receiving electrode 21 or the second power transmitting electrode 22 disposed opposite to the first power transmitting electrode 12, or is disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 13. It is not possible to specify which of the first power receiving electrode 21 and the second power transmitting electrode 22 (hereinafter, such a state where the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are opposed to each other is referred to as an “electrode facing state”. "). Therefore, by providing the connection portion 23, power supply is continued so as to match the polarity of the load 27 regardless of the electrode facing state.

  For example, in the electrode facing state shown in FIG. 2, the current from the coupling capacitor 30 flows to the anode side of the load 27 via the diode 23b, and the inflow to the cathode side of the load 27 is blocked by the diode 23a. On the other hand, when the second power receiving electrode 22 is disposed opposite to the first power transmitting electrode 12 and the first power receiving electrode 21 is disposed opposite to the second power transmitting electrode 13 as shown in FIG. The current from the capacitor 30 flows to the anode side of the load via the diode 23c and the inflow to the cathode side of the load 27 is blocked by the diode 23d. Therefore, the polarity of power supply to the load 27 can be maintained at an appropriate polarity. However, when the electrode facing state can be specified as one state, the connection portion 23 may be omitted by adopting a connection structure that matches the state.

  The inductor 24 is connected in series between the connection portion 23 and the load 27, extracts DC power from the high-frequency AC power supplied via the coupling capacitor 30, and supplies the DC power to the anode side of the load 27. Specifically, a coil may be used as the inductor 24, but an active inductor may also be used.

  The detection unit 25 detects a current supplied to the anode side of the load 27 and is configured as a Hall element, for example, and is connected in series between the inductor 24 and the anode side of the load 27. The detection unit 25 is connected to the control unit 29 via a communication line, and the detection result of the detection unit 25 is output to the control unit 29.

  The smoothing capacitor 26 is connected in parallel to the load 27 and smoothes the DC power supplied through the inductor 24.

  The load 27 is driven by DC power supplied via the inductor 24 and exhibits a predetermined function. For example, when the movable body 20 is configured as a robot as shown in FIG. 1, the load 27 corresponds to a motor or a control unit built in the robot. In addition, the specific configuration of the load 27 is arbitrary, for example, a communication device that transmits / receives a communication signal to / from a device outside the movable body 20 wirelessly or by wire, and information that performs information processing on various types of information A processing device, a sensor that detects a predetermined detection target in the power supply region 2 and outputs a signal related to the detection result to the predetermined device, or a power source that transmits and receives power to a device outside the movable body 20 (for example, two Secondary battery). The load 27 is not necessarily provided inside the movable body 20. The load 27 is provided outside the movable body 20, and power is supplied to the load 27 via the movable body 20. Good. 2 shows only one load 27, power may be supplied to a plurality of loads 27 connected in series or in parallel to each other.

  The communication unit 28 is a communication unit that communicates with the communication unit 15 of the fixed body 10. The communication unit 28 is communicably connected to the control unit 29 via a communication line. The communication unit 28 is coupled to a power line from the connection unit 23 to the inductor 24 via a capacitor 28 a and is connected to a power line from the cathode side of the load 27 to the connection unit 23. Then, the communication unit 28 superimposes the analog communication signal on the current and transmits it to the fixed body 10 side via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, and the current supplied from the fixed body 10 side via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. The analog communication signal components are separated from each other using a filter.

  The control unit 29 is a control unit that controls the movable body 20. The control unit 20 is connected to a power line extending from the inductor 24 to the anode side of the load 27 and is connected to the detection unit 25 and the load 27 via a communication line.

(Overall structure-floor board)
The floor plate 3 interposed between the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 is made of a dielectric material that can form the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. As such a dielectric material, for example, Teflon can be adopted. In addition to the case where the dielectric material is used for the floor plate 3, it is also possible to coat the surfaces on the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 side of the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the surfaces on the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 side of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22. . In addition, the material used for the floor plate 3 and the material used for the coating of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 21 and 22 as described above are required between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 21 and 22. It is preferable to provide insulation performance for maintaining insulation.

(Overall configuration-details of power transmission electrode)
Next, the shape and arrangement position of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 of the fixed body 10 will be described in more detail. 4 is a perspective view around the floor portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between the power supply sheet 40 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 (here, the plurality of power supply sheets 40 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the power supply sheet 40. FIG. 6 shows the movable bodies 20A to 20D arranged in different directions. In addition, although each part of the fixed body 10 is actually covered with the floor board 3 and arranged in an unexposed state, in FIGS. 4 to 6, the floor board 3 is removed to expose each part of the fixed body 10. Show.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of power supply sheets 40 are laid on the floor. Each power supply sheet 40 has a square shape in plan view, and includes all or a predetermined portion of the components of the fixed body 10 as shown in FIG. In this configuration, the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 can be installed on a sheet basis, so that the installation of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the adjustment of the number of installations are facilitated. When the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are arranged side by side in this way, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the communication unit 15 of the fixed body 10 is connected to the pair of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13. One control unit 16 of the fixed body 10 is provided for each power supply sheet 40. It is preferable that the laying range of the power supply sheet 40 corresponds to the power supplied region 2. For example, when the entire region of the living room is the power supplied region 2, the power supply sheet 40 is provided on the substantially entire lower surface of the floor plate 3 of the living room. Preferably, the power supply sheet 40 is laid, or when only a part of the living room is the power supply area 2, the power supply sheet 40 is laid only below the floor plate 3 of the living room corresponding to the part. May be.

  In each power supply sheet 40, a plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval from each other in order to increase the laying efficiency of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 per unit area. In particular, the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 are arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction so that the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 adjacent in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction shown in the figure have different polarities. They are arranged alternately (in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first power transmission electrode 12 is indicated by a white square and the second power transmission electrode 13 is indicated by a square with a diagonal line). Each of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 has a rectangular planar shape so that the performance difference depending on the direction is minimized.

(Overall configuration-details of receiving electrode)
Next, the shape and arrangement position of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 of the movable body 20 will be described in more detail. At least one first power receiving electrode 21 and two second power receiving electrodes 22 may be provided for one movable body 20, but here, as shown in FIG. By arranging a plurality of first power receiving electrodes 21 and second power receiving electrodes 22 for 20D, a required power receiving area is secured as a whole. In this manner, when a plurality of first power receiving electrodes 21 and a plurality of second power receiving electrodes 22 are arranged on one movable body 20A to 20D, the parallel arrangement shape of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 is arbitrary, as shown in FIG. In addition to a rectangular shape, a circular shape may be used. The individual planar shapes of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 may be circular as shown in FIG. 7A is a plan view of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 according to the modification, and FIG. 7B is a diagram when the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 in FIG. The flow of an electric field is shown. As shown in FIG. 7A, after the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are formed in a circular shape, a radial slit 21a extending from the center of the circle to the outer edge may be formed.

  5 and 6, each of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 has a circular planar shape as described above, and the circular diameter is larger than the interval between the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 arranged side by side. It is determined to be sufficiently small. Therefore, even if the movable bodies 20A to 20D are arranged in various directions as shown in FIG. 5, one power receiving electrode 21, 22 does not straddle both of the plurality of power transmitting electrodes 12, 13 at the same time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 from being simultaneously formed between the one power receiving electrode 21 and 22 and the plurality of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13, and the power supply by the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is adversely affected. Giving is prevented. According to this configuration, the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 can be arranged at arbitrary positions, and the degree of freedom of movement of the movable body 20 can be increased.

  Further, the interval between the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 is preferably determined so that the capacitor capacity between the plurality of power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 does not adversely affect the power supply. Specifically, either the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 is connected to the other one of the first power transmission electrode 12 or the second power transmission electrode 13 via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. The mutual interval between the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 is determined so that no current flows through the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22.

(Power supply control)
Next, power supply control in the fixed body 10 and the movable body 20 configured as described above will be described. In this control, a standby mode for reducing the power consumption of the fixed body 10 by setting a part of the functions of the fixed body 10 to a standby state, and a normal operation mode for supplying power with all functions of the fixed body 10 in a movable state. The power supply is performed by switching between the two modes.

  For example, in the movable body 20 of FIG. 2, the current value detected by the detection unit 25 is input to the control unit 29, and the voltage value monitored on the anode side of the load 27 is input from the load 27. Is done. Then, the control unit 29 determines an optimum voltage value or frequency to be supplied to the load 27 based on the current value and voltage value by a predetermined method, and communicates data including the voltage value and frequency. Always output via the unit 28.

  On the other hand, the fixed body 10 is in a standby mode in the initial state. Specifically, only a small amount of power is supplied to the communication unit 15 so that only the communication unit 15 is in an activated state, and power is not supplied to the other portions without supplying power. The communication unit 15 of the fixed body 10 constantly monitors data from the communication unit 28 of the movable unit 20, and when the movable body 20 is disposed above the fixed body 10, the communication unit 15 is connected to the communication unit 15. Data from 28 is received. When the data received in this way is transmitted from the communication unit 15 to the control unit 16, the control unit 16 is activated and the control unit 16 starts power supply control. Specifically, the control unit 16 controls the switching frequency of the transistors 14a and 14b based on the data received from the movable body 20 so that power is supplied with the voltage value and frequency required by the movable body 20. Alternatively, the power supply voltage is transformed using a transformer circuit (not shown).

  Here, the waveform of the current supplied in the switching operation by repeating the fully open state or the completely stopped state of the transistors 14a and 14b becomes a square wave as shown in FIG. Becomes a relatively wide band as shown in FIG. In this case, there is a possibility that this frequency band interferes with the communication frequency band and causes a communication failure. In order to prevent this problem, for example, the amplitude of the current is modulated using a transistor, and the current waveform is changed to a non-square wave as shown in FIG. A narrow band as shown in b) is preferable. However, in this case, since the transistor generates heat due to resistance loss, it is preferable to use a SiC power transistor having high heat resistance as the transistor. Alternatively, a low pass filter (Low Pass Filter) may be provided after the transistor to remove harmonic components of the current.

(Effect of Embodiment 1)
According to such a configuration, since the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 are not exposed to the power supply region 2, the risk of electric shock due to the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 touching the human body can be eliminated, and psychological anxiety is also caused. Since it can be eliminated, it can be easily introduced to a place where there is a person such as an office space. In addition, since the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 are not exposed to the power supply area 2, even if water or the like is spilled on the floor surface, a short circuit between the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 does not occur, and the power is used for a long time. It is possible to prevent the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 from being corroded or worn even at times, and the power supply efficiency does not decrease even if dust accumulates on the floor surface or adheres to dirt. Durability can be improved. Furthermore, since the power transmission electrodes 21 and 22 are not exposed to the power supplied region 2, there is no sense of design discomfort.

  Further, this embodiment has various advantages over the conventional electromagnetic induction system. In other words, the power receiving electrodes 12 and 13 and the power transmitting electrodes 21 and 22 may be disposed to face each other at a distance that produces a desired capacitor capacity, and it is not necessary to perform exact alignment as in the electromagnetic induction method. The degree of freedom can be increased, and power can be continuously supplied to the movable body 20 such as a robot that needs to move freely on the floor surface. Further, since it is not necessary to use a magnetic body such as an iron core, each of the solid body 10 and the movable body 20 can be reduced in weight, and noise due to magnetostriction is not generated.

  In addition, unlike the electromagnetic wave power feeding method, this embodiment is not subject to regulations from the viewpoint of avoiding adverse effects on the human body or malfunctioning of electronic devices, so it can be introduced to places where people are present such as office spaces. It is relatively easy.

[Embodiment 2]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, the power supply efficiency is improved by utilizing series resonance. In addition, about the component similar to Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol or name as used in Embodiment 1 is attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Overall structure-fixed body)
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the fixed body 10 and the movable body 50. The fixed body 10 includes an inductor 18 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment. The inductor 18 is for constituting a series resonance circuit, and is connected in series between the switching unit 14 and the first power transmission electrode 12.

(Overall structure-movable body)
The movable body 50 is configured by omitting the inductor 24 and further including a capacitor 51 with respect to the movable body 20 shown in FIG. The capacitor 51 is connected between the first power receiving electrode 21 and the connecting portion 23 and between the second power receiving electrode 22 and the connecting portion 23, in other words, with respect to the coupling capacitor 30 and the coupling capacitor 31. Are connected in series. The capacitor 51 is a rectifying capacitor, and rectifies a non-linear alternating current, thereby making it possible to stably supply a current to the load 27. The capacitor 51 functions to maintain continuity of series resonance. That is, the movable body 50 is provided with the diodes 23a to 23d of the connecting portion 23, and current does not flow unless the voltage rises higher than the forward rising voltage of the diodes 23a to 23d, so that the series resonance may be interrupted. There is sex. In order to solve this problem, a capacitor 51 is provided to store and discharge, so that the continuity of series resonance can be maintained.

  In the fixed body 10 and the movable body 50 configured as described above, a series resonance circuit including the inductor 18, the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, and the load resistance of the load 27 is configured. FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the main part of FIG. 10 (note that the switching unit 14 is shown as an AC power source in FIG. 11).

(Power supply control)
Next, the power supply control in the fixed body 10 and the movable body 50 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. This power supply control can be basically performed in the same manner as the control described in the first embodiment. However, in the normal operation mode, control for maintaining the series resonance of the series resonance circuit is performed.

  Here, when the capacitance (capacitance) of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is C, the load resistance is R, the power supply voltage is v, and the power supply frequency is ω, the current i flowing through this equivalent circuit is consumed by the equation (1), the load resistance. The effective power Wc to be applied is expressed by Expression (2), and the energy transmission efficiency φ of the equivalent circuit is expressed by Expression (3).

  As can be seen from this equation (3), the energy transmission efficiency φ = 1 at the time of series resonance (A = 0), which is the maximum. Therefore, it is preferable to supply power under conditions that can maintain this series resonance (A = 0). For example, the inductance L of the inductor 24 is expressed by Expression (4).

  For example, when the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is 7.25 pF, a typical combination of a typical inductance L and an operating frequency ω for maintaining a series resonance (A = 0) is as shown in FIG. Become. In this example, when the series resonance is performed at the operating frequency ω = 50 MHz, it is understood that the inductance L of the inductor 24 may be 2.8 μH. When a spherical coil manufactured by Symphony Electronics Co., Ltd. is used as the inductor 24, the inductance L = 1.0 μH has a current value of 10.2 A, and the inductance L = 22 μH has a current value of 1.0 A. Therefore, the inductance L = 2.8 μH. In this case, the current value is considered to be about 3.0A. Therefore, when the transmission voltage is 100 V, the transmission power W is 300 W.

  Here, the above-described series resonance condition changes according to the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 as is apparent from the equation (3). Therefore, when the movable body 50 moves in the power supply region 2, the positions and distances of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 with respect to the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 vary, and the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 varies. There is a possibility that the series resonance cannot be maintained. In order to prevent this problem, at least one of 1) fixing the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, 2) making the inductance L of the inductor 24 variable, or 3) making the operating frequency ω variable. Should be adopted.

  In order to fix the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, it is effective to configure the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 as shown in FIG. According to this configuration, the total number of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 facing the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 can be maintained at a substantially constant number regardless of the position of the movable body 50 (the positions of the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22). If the distance between the upper surface of the electrode and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 can be made constant, the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 can be fixed.

  In order to make the inductance L variable, a variable inductor may be used as the inductor 24 and the inductance L may be variably controlled according to the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. FIG. 13 shows changes in the inductance L with respect to changes in the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31. Here, the capacitance C of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 changes from 8.03 pF to 6.57 pF as the distance between the upper surface of the floor plate 3 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 changes from 4.5 mm to 5.5 mm. In this case, an example in which the inductance L is changed to 2.0 μH to 3.0 μH and the series resonance is maintained is shown. In this case, since the operating frequency ω can be fixed, the control becomes easy.

  On the other hand, in order to make the operating frequency ω variable, if the switching frequency is adjusted by detecting the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 and controlling the transistors 14a and 14b of the switching unit 14 according to the detection result. Good. In FIG. 14, when the distance between the upper surface of the floor plate 2 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 and the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 are changed in the same manner as in FIG. An example of holding is shown. In this case, since the inductance L can be fixed, the circuit configuration can be simplified.

(Effect of Embodiment 2)
According to such a structure, current can be stably supplied to the load 27 by performing rectification using the capacitor 51. Further, by performing control so as to maintain the series resonance, the impedance of the power supply circuit can be minimized and the power supply efficiency can be improved.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment, a rectifying capacitor provided on a movable body is shared by using a single metal plate. In addition, about the component similar to Embodiment 2, the same code | symbol or name as used in Embodiment 2 is attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Overall configuration-floor)
First, the configuration of the floor 6 will be described. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part of the fixed body and the movable body, and FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the floor board 3 in FIG. The floor 6 is configured using a power supply floor unit 7. The power supply floor unit 7 is configured by horizontally arranging the floor plate 3 and the metal plate 7a constituting the GND line 17b, and the first embodiment is provided between the floor plate 3 and the metal plate 7a. The same fixed body 10 is accommodated (in FIGS. 15 and 16, a part of the reference numerals for the fixed body 10 is omitted). Here, as shown in FIG. 16, the 2nd power transmission electrode 13 is integrated with the metal plate 7a. A radio wave absorber 7b is provided between the floor plate 3 and the metal plate 7a. The radio wave absorber 7b absorbs high frequency noise generated by switching of the switching unit 14, and maintains and improves the communication quality of communication between the communication units 15 and 28. As the radio wave absorber 7b, for example, a resin such as polyurethane or a sintered body such as ferrite can be used (the same applies to the radio wave absorber 62). In FIG. 15, the HUB 4 is arranged outside the power supply floor unit 7, but this HUB 4 may also be arranged inside each power supply floor unit 7.

(Overall structure-movable body)
Next, the configuration of the movable body 60 will be described. Here, a plurality of first power receiving electrodes 21 and a plurality of second power receiving electrodes 22 are juxtaposed on one movable body 60, and each first power receiving electrode 21 and each second power receiving electrode 22 are connected. It is connected to the load 27 via the unit 23. The first power receiving electrode 21, the second power receiving electrode 22, and the connection portion 23 are covered with a radio wave shield 61 formed of a metal plate, and between the radio wave shield 61 and the floor plate 3, and the radio wave shield. A radio wave absorber 62 is provided inside 61, and high frequency noise generated by switching of the switching unit 14 is absorbed by the radio wave absorber 62 and is prevented from leaking outside the radio wave shield 61. Has been.

(Overall structure-movable body-capacitor plate)
Here, the movable body is provided with a capacitor plate 63. The capacitor plate 63 is configured by integrally forming a plurality of rectifying capacitors as a single plate-like body instead of arranging a plurality of rectifying capacitors 51 in the second embodiment. 17 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 16, and FIG. 18 is a plan view of the main part of the capacitor plate. The capacitor plate 63 is made of a conductive material as a plate-like body, and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are sandwiched by a dielectric material (for example, a dielectric film coated on the surface of the capacitor plate 63 on the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 side). It is joined to one side (here, the upper surface). A plurality of through holes 63a are formed in the capacitor plate 63 at regular intervals. A lead wire 63b for connecting the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 and the diodes 23a to 23d to each other is provided in the through hole 63a. (Thus, the structure of the capacitor plate 63 is not limited to a complete flat plate shape, but includes a structure in which a plurality of through holes 63a are formed).

  Here, as shown in FIG. 17, the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is C6 ', and the capacitance of the capacitor formed between the individual power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 and the capacitor plate 63 is C7'. Here, the capacitance C6 'of the coupling capacitor varies within a certain range depending on the distance between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power reception electrodes 21 and 22. On the other hand, the capacitance C7 'of the capacitor is constant because the distance between the power receiving electrode 21 and the capacitor plate 63 is fixed via a dielectric material. Since the distance between the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 and the capacitor plate 63 can be reduced, and a dielectric material can be used as a material having a high dielectric constant, the relationship of capacitance C7 '> capacitance C6' is established.

  FIG. 19 is an equivalent circuit of four coupling capacitors 30 and 31 adjacent to each other and capacitors in the vicinity thereof. FIG. 20 shows an equivalent circuit in which C6 'connected in parallel to each other in FIG. 19 is collectively referred to as C6, and similarly C7' connected in parallel to each other is collectively referred to as C7. FIG. 21 is an equivalent circuit in which diodes 23a to 23d are added to FIG. 19, and FIG. 22 is an equivalent circuit in which diodes 23a to 23d are added to FIG. As can be seen from these figures, by using one capacitor plate 63, it is possible to obtain the same effect as when a plurality of rectifying capacitors 51 in the second embodiment are arranged in parallel.

  The process of conversion into FIGS. 21 to 22 is shown in FIGS. In these FIGS. 23 to 25, each of the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13 is shown one by one, and a plurality of power receptions arranged on the first power transmission electrode 12 and the second power transmission electrode 13. Only the electrodes 21 and 22 are shown. Further, since the instantaneous output state is displayed, the diodes 23a to 23d show only a part of the current that flows in the output state. Further, the capacitor plate 63 is connected to the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 via a ring-shaped capacitor (shown as C7 'or C7' 'in FIGS. 23 to 25) on an equivalent circuit. When C6 'connected in parallel in FIG. 23 is aggregated, it becomes C6 in FIG. 24, and when C7' in FIG. 23 is aggregated, it becomes a ring-shaped capacitor C7 '' in FIG. Further, when the ring-shaped capacitor C7 ″ in FIG. 24 is collected, it becomes C7 in FIG. FIG. 25 corresponds to a circuit between the pair of power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 shown in FIGS.

(Effect of Embodiment 3)
According to such a structure, the radio wave absorbers 7b and 62 are provided on the fixed body 10 and the movable body 60, thereby absorbing high frequency noise and maintaining and improving the communication quality of the communication between the communication units 15 and 28. be able to. In addition, since the plurality of rectifying capacitors are configured using one capacitor plate 63, the movable body 60 can be configured easily and inexpensively.

[Embodiment 4]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, power supply efficiency is improved by using parallel resonance in addition to series resonance. In addition, about the component similar to Embodiment 2, the same code | symbol or name as used in Embodiment 2 is attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

(Overall structure-fixed body)
First, the configuration of the fixed body 70 will be described. FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of main parts of the fixed body and the movable body. However, in FIG. 26, the circuit configuration is conceptually shown (the switching unit 14 is shown as an AC power supply), and specific details thereof can be configured in the same manner as in the second embodiment (FIG. 28 described later). The same). The fixed body 70 is configured by providing variable inductors 71 between the power source 14 and the first power transmission electrode 12 and between the power source 14 and the second power transmission electrode 13.

(Overall structure-movable body)
On the other hand, in the movable body 80, the capacitor 81 and the inductor 82 are arranged in parallel with each other, and the inductor 83 is arranged in parallel with the inductor 82 at a predetermined interval, and the load 27 is connected in parallel to the inductor 83. Configured. In this circuit, in addition to the series resonance circuit including the variable inductor 71 and the coupling capacitors 30 and 31, a parallel resonance circuit including the capacitor 81 and the inductor 82 is configured, and power consumption is reduced by using the series resonance and the parallel resonance. be able to. An electromotive force is generated in the inductor 83 by the mutual induction action of the inductors 82 and 83, and power is supplied to the load 27.

(Power supply control)
Next, power supply control in the fixed body 70 and the movable body 80 configured as described above will be described. FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a change in impedance with respect to frequency, with the vertical axis representing impedance and the horizontal axis representing frequency. Here, assuming that the series resonance frequency is f1 and the parallel resonance frequency is f2, the impedance is minimum when the operating frequency of the power supply circuit is the series resonance frequency f1, and the impedance is when the parallel resonance frequency f2 is reached. Become the maximum. In particular, as shown in FIG. 27A, when the operating frequency = the series resonance frequency f1 = the parallel resonance frequency f2, the capacities of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 can be minimized (or the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13). Since the power consumption of the parallel resonant circuit can be reduced, power can be supplied with high efficiency. In addition, the parallel resonance frequency f2 can be lowered by series resonance. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 27B, even when the series resonance frequency f1 and the parallel resonance frequency f2 are shifted from each other, the capacitance of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 is maintained by maintaining at least the series resonance. The power can be supplied with high efficiency.

  In order to match the operating frequency to the series resonance frequency f1 and the parallel resonance frequency f2 in this way, for example, when the movable body 80 is fixedly arranged, the coupling capacitors 30, 31 are provided after the construction of the power supply system. The series resonance frequency f1 and the parallel resonance frequency f2 are calculated based on the capacitance, and the inductance of the variable inductor 71 may be variably controlled so that the series resonance and the parallel resonance can be maintained. Alternatively, when the movable body 80 moves, the series resonance frequency f1 and the parallel resonance frequency f2 are detected at a predetermined timing, and the operating frequency is controlled by variably controlling the inductance of the variable inductor 71 according to the detection result. May be controlled automatically. Alternatively, as shown in the modification of FIG. 28, instead of using the variable inductor 71 as a fixed inductor, the capacities of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 are made variable and coupled according to the detection results of the series resonance frequency f1 and the parallel resonance frequency f2. The operating frequency may be dynamically controlled by variably controlling the capacities of the capacitors 30 and 31. As a specific configuration for making the capacitances of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 variable in this way, for example, an adjusting means that can adjust the position of the fixed body 70 as in Embodiment 5 to be described later is applied. it can.

  A specific application example of the power supply system described in Embodiment 4 is shown in FIG. FIG. 29 shows a case where the electric vehicle 8 is charged in a general household, a parking lot, or a charging station provided in place of the conventional gasoline station (in this way, the electric vehicle 8 is not charged). Refer to Embodiment 5 for the background and significance of supplying contact power). Here, the movable body 80 is disposed in the electric vehicle 8, and the fixed body 70 is disposed in the concave space 6 a formed in the floor portion 6. As shown in the figure, the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 of the movable body 80 are disposed on the bottom surface of the electric vehicle 8, and the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13 of the fixed body 70 are disposed so as to be close to and face the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22. The power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 constitute the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 to supply power. In particular, according to this configuration, there is an advantage that electric power can be supplied to the fixed body 70 and the movable body 80 without providing any movable parts (position adjusting means) as in Embodiment 5 described later. Also in this case, as described above, the series resonance can be maintained by changing the inductance or the operating frequency of the variable inductor 71 (not shown in FIG. 29) of the fixed body 70. However, when the above-described parallel resonance circuit is provided on the movable body 80 side and the frequency is fixed, resonance control is performed by changing only the variable inductor 71.

(Effect of Embodiment 4)
According to such a structure, the capacity of the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 can be minimized, and the power consumption of the parallel resonant circuit can be reduced, so that power can be supplied with high efficiency.

[Embodiment 5]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. This form is a form provided with a position adjusting means for adjusting the relative position of the fixed body with respect to the movable body. In addition, about the component similar to Embodiment 3, the same code | symbol or name as used in Embodiment 3 is attached | subjected as needed, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In this embodiment, it is assumed that an electric vehicle is charged in a general household, a parking lot, or a charging station provided in place of a conventional gasoline station. For example, the movable body is configured as a power source for an electric vehicle and is disposed inside the electric vehicle. The stationary body is disposed on the floor of a charging station or the like. That is, as a method for supplying power to a conventional electric vehicle, a method of connecting a cable drawn from the power supply device to the power supply device of the electric vehicle has been proposed. If used, the cable may be poorly insulated and you may get an electric shock.If you use the cable on a rainy day, you may get an electric shock.There is a risk of people or objects getting caught in the cable. There is a problem in that it is necessary to secure a storage place for the cable during use, or the cable may be broken or stolen. In this embodiment, a non-contact power supply system that can solve these problems will be described. In particular, in the system shown in FIG. 29 according to the fourth embodiment, the relative position of the stationary body with respect to the movable body varies greatly depending on the structure, shape, stop position, etc. of the electric vehicle, so that the coupling capacitor is in a desired state. In the present embodiment, a power supply system in which the relative position of the fixed body with respect to the movable body can be adjusted will be described in order to solve such a problem.

(Overall structure-fixed body)
30 is a side view showing a power supply state according to the present embodiment, FIG. 31 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 30 when power is not supplied, and FIG. 32 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. is there. As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the fixed body 90 is disposed in a concave space 6a formed in the floor 6, and in addition to the configuration of the fixed body 10 of the first embodiment, 13, a plurality of jacks 91 that move up and down 13, a screw shaft 92 that causes the plurality of jacks 91 to operate in conjunction with each other, and a drive motor 93 that moves the plurality of jacks 91 up and down via the screw shaft 92. (Note that the other configuration of the fixed body 90 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is not shown). The jack 91, the screw shaft 92, and the drive motor 93 constitute position adjusting means in the claims. Further, a waterproof packing 94 is laid between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the drive motor 93 to prevent rainwater and the like from entering the fixed body 90. Further, an ultrasonic sensor 95 is provided near the upper surface of the fixed body 90 to detect the presence or absence of the electric vehicle 8 above the fixed body 90.

(Overall structure-movable body)
On the other hand, since the movable body 20 can be configured in the same manner as in the first to fourth embodiments, the description thereof is omitted. For example, as shown in FIG. 30, the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are electrically connected. It is arranged near the bottom surface of the automobile 8, or the bottom surface of the electric vehicle 8 itself can be configured as the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22.

  The fixed body 90 and the movable body 20 may have an incidental function related to power supply. For example, as shown in FIG. 32, the movable body 20 is connected to a reader 9 for reading an IC card 9 a on which ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System) information is recorded. Information of the IC card 9a can be transmitted to the fixed body 90 via the communication unit 28 (not shown in FIGS. 30 to 32). The communication unit 15 (not shown in FIGS. 30 to 32) of the fixed body 90 is connected to a management server (not shown) that manages ETC information in a wired or wireless manner. In the following description of the power supply control, the ETC information is communicated in this way, and a description will be given including processing for determining whether or not power supply is possible according to the result.

(Power supply control)
FIG. 33 is a flowchart of power supply control. In the initial state, the jack 91 is in the lowered position, and the floor surface is flat without an obstacle, so that the electric vehicle 8 can be parked smoothly on the floor surface. Thereafter, when the ultrasonic sensor 95 detects that the electric vehicle 8 is parked above the fixed body 90 (step SA-1, Yes), the control unit 16 of the fixed body 90 drives the drive motor 93. By rotating the screw shaft 92, the jack 91 screwed with the screw shaft 92 via a gear (not shown) is raised, and the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 disposed on the upper surface of the jack 91 are lifted. The position of the fixed body 90 is adjusted so that the position becomes a predetermined proximity position or contact position with respect to the bottom surface of the electric vehicle 8 (step SA-2). In this case, the detailed position is determined by, for example, detecting the position of the bottom surface of the electric vehicle 8 with the ultrasonic sensor 95 and calculating the movement distance of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 based on the position of the bottom surface. Do. Alternatively, by monitoring the electrical resistance between the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 and the torque of the drive motor 93, the proximity state and the contact state of the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 with respect to the bottom surface of the electric vehicle 8 may be determined. Good.

  The movable body 20 transmits information on the IC card 9 a read by the reader 9 to the fixed body 90 via the communication unit 28. The communication unit 15 of the fixed body 90 transmits this ETC information to a management server (not shown) (step SA-3). This management server determines whether or not power can be supplied by collating information stored in advance in its storage unit with IC card information from the fixed body 90. The charging information for charging the power charge to the owner of 9a is recorded in its own storage unit (step SA-4). Further, charging modes (for example, three types of quick charging mode, medium speed charging mode, and long-time charging mode) corresponding to the owner of the electric vehicle 8 and the IC card 9a are determined in advance, and this correspondence relationship is determined by the management server. The management server acquires the charging mode from the storage unit and transmits it to the fixed body 90 (step SA-5).

  At the same time, the fixed body 90 first applies a weak voltage via the coupling capacitors 30 and 31 (not shown in FIGS. 30 to 32) to the load of the movable body 20 (the storage battery of the electric vehicle 8. Shown in FIGS. 30 to 32). (Step SA-6), and if there is an abnormality (step SA-7, Yes), the voltage application is stopped and a predetermined method is performed. The occurrence of an abnormality is reported to the staff by (abnormal lamp display, transfer output, alarm sound output, etc.) (step SA-8). On the other hand, when there is no abnormality (step SA-7, No), power transmission is started at a voltage adapted to power feeding in the charging mode acquired from the management server (step SA-9). Then, the movable body 20 monitors the completion of charging (step SA-10), and when charging is completed, transmits the fact to the fixed body 90 via the communication unit 28. The fixed body 90 that has received this transmission stops power transmission (step SA-11), drives the drive motor 93 to lower the jack 91 (step SA-12), and connects the power transmission electrodes 12 and 13 to the electric vehicle. The position of the fixed body 90 is readjusted by moving to an initial position away from the bottom surface. This completes the power supply control.

(Modification of position adjusting means)
In the above example, the example in which the position adjusting means is provided on the fixed body 90 has been shown. However, when the relative position can be adjusted by making all or a part of the movable body 20 movable, The position adjusting means on the fixed body 90 side may be omitted. FIG. 34 shows an example in which the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are disposed on the bottom surface of the electric vehicle and the lifting arm 96 is provided. The elevating arm 96 is for elevating the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 as necessary, and is driven by, for example, a motor or a cylinder. In this example, the fixed body 90 is disposed in an unexposed manner inside the floor portion 6, and after the electric vehicle 8 is parked above the fixed body 90, the driver of the electric vehicle 8 moves up and down by a predetermined method. By operating and lowering the arm 96, the power receiving electrodes 21 and 22 are arranged opposite to each other in the vicinity of the upper part of the power transmitting electrodes 12 and 13, and can receive power.

(Effect of Embodiment 5)
According to such a structure, power can be supplied after adjusting the relative position of the fixed body 90 with respect to the movable body 20, so that the relative relationship between the movable body 20 and the fixed body 90 can be achieved even under various circumstances. The position can be established stably, and power can be supplied in a suitable state. In particular, when power is supplied to the electric vehicle 8, a conventional cable is not necessary, and various problems caused by the presence of the cable can be solved.

[III] Modifications to Each Embodiment While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the specific configuration and means of the present invention are within the scope of the technical idea of each invention described in the claims. It can be arbitrarily modified and improved within. Hereinafter, such a modification will be described.

(About problems to be solved and effects of the invention)
In addition, the problems to be solved by the invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above-described contents, and the present invention solves the problems not described above or has the effects not described above. There are also cases where only some of the described problems are solved or only some of the described effects are achieved.

(Combination of each embodiment)
The configurations shown in the respective embodiments can be combined with each other. For example, the position adjusting means in the fifth embodiment is combined with any fixed body or movable body in each of the first to fourth embodiments. be able to.

(Regarding the location of fixed and movable bodies)
In each of the first to fifth embodiments, the fixed body is arranged on the floor, and the movable body is arranged on the upper surface of the floor. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and the fixed body and the movable body are arbitrary. It can arrange in the direction of. For example, the fixed body may be disposed in the wall surface or the ceiling, and the movable body may be disposed in contact with the wall surface or the ceiling or at a predetermined interval.

(Details of circuit configuration)
Further, details of the circuit configuration shown in the figure can be arbitrarily changed unless otherwise specified. For example, a smoothing capacitor may be omitted, or a circuit element for overcurrent protection may be added, or The same function may be replaced with another known circuit configuration for the configuration described specially.

  The present invention supplies power to various spaces, and is particularly useful for ensuring the safety of the user and improving the durability and safety of the power supply system.

1 is a perspective view of a living room to which a power supply system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed body and movable body of FIG. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part in a state where the direction of the movable body is changed. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the periphery of the floor portion in FIG. 1. It is a top view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between a power supply sheet | seat and a receiving electrode. It is an enlarged plan view of a power supply sheet. FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating a power receiving electrode according to a modification, in which FIG. 7A is a plan view of the power receiving electrode, and FIG. 7B is a flow of an electric field when the power receiving electrode in FIG. FIG. FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a waveform of a current supplied in the switching operation, and FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a current frequency band and a communication frequency band. FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating a waveform of a current supplied in a switching operation during amplitude modulation, and FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a current frequency band and a communication frequency band during amplitude modulation. is there. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed body which concerns on Embodiment 2, and a movable body. It is an equivalent circuit schematic of the principal part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the typical combination of a typical inductance and an operating frequency. It is a figure which shows the change of the inductance with respect to the change of the capacity | capacitance of a coupling capacitor. It is a figure which shows the example at the time of changing an operating frequency and hold | maintaining series resonance, when the distance between the upper surface of a floor board and a receiving electrode and the capacity | capacitance of a coupling capacitor change similarly. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed body which concerns on Embodiment 3, and a movable body. It is an enlarged view of the floor board 3 periphery of FIG. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. It is a principal part top view of a capacitor | condenser plate. This is an equivalent circuit of four coupling capacitors adjacent to each other and a capacitor in the vicinity thereof. FIG. 20 is an equivalent circuit collectively showing capacitors connected in parallel to each other in FIG. 19. FIG. 19 is an equivalent circuit in which a diode is added to FIG. This is an equivalent circuit in which a diode is added to FIG. It is an equivalent circuit which shows the process of conversion to FIGS. It is an equivalent circuit which shows the process of conversion to FIGS. It is an equivalent circuit which shows the process of conversion to FIGS. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fixed body which concerns on Embodiment 4, and a movable body. It is a figure which shows the impedance change with respect to a frequency. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the stationary body and movable body which concern on a modification. It is a side view which shows the state which applied the electric power supply system which concerns on Embodiment 4 to the electric power supply to an electric vehicle. It is a side view which shows the electric power supply state which concerns on Embodiment 5, Fig.30 (a) is before raising / lowering of a power transmission electrode, FIG.30 (b) is during raising / lowering of a power transmission electrode, FIG.30 (c) is raising / lowering of a power transmission electrode. Each subsequent state is shown. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 30 at the time of electric power non-power feeding. It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 30 at the time of electric power feeding. It is a flowchart of electric power supply control. FIG. 34A is a side view showing a power supply state according to a modified example, FIG. 34A is before the receiving electrode is lowered, FIG. 34B is during the lowering of the receiving electrode, and FIG. 34C is after the receiving electrode is lowered. Each state is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1 Power supply area 2 Power supply area 3 Floor board 4 HUB
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 Server 6 Floor part 6a Space part 7 Power supply floor unit 7a Metal plate 7b, 62 Electric wave absorber 8 Electric vehicle 9 Reader 10, 70, 90 Fixed body 11 DC power supply 12 1st power transmission electrode 13 2nd power transmission electrode 14 switching unit 14a, 14b transistor 14c, 14d, 23a-23d diode 14e switching control unit 15, 28 communication unit 15b, 28a, 51, 81 capacitor 16, 29 control unit 17a anode line 17b GND line 20, 50, 60, 80 Movable body 21 1st power receiving electrode 22 2nd power receiving electrode 23 Connection portion 18, 24, 51, 82, 83 Inductor 25 Detection portion 26 Smoothing capacitor 27 Load 30, 31 Coupling capacitor 40 Power supply sheet 61 Electric wave shield 63 Capacitor plate 63a Through hole 63 Lead 71 variable inductor 91 jack 92 screw shaft 93 the drive motor 94 waterproof packing 95 ultrasonic sensor 96 lifting arm

Claims (9)

A power supply system for supplying power to a predetermined load from a fixed body arranged in a power supply area via a movable body arranged in a power supply area,
The fixed body is
The power supply area and the power supply area are arranged in the vicinity of a mutual boundary surface, and include a first power transmission electrode and a second power transmission electrode for supplying power from a predetermined power source,
The movable body is
A first power receiving device that is disposed in the vicinity of the boundary surface and that is disposed in a non-contact manner in a state of being opposed to the first power transmission electrode or the second power transmission electrode with the boundary surface interposed therebetween. An electrode and a second power receiving electrode;
A first coupling capacitor is configured by arranging either one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face the first power transmitting electrode, and the second power transmitting electrode A second coupling capacitor is configured by arranging the other one of the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode so as to face
Transmitting power from the predetermined power source through the first coupling capacitor, the load, and the second coupling capacitor;
Power supply system characterized by In the fixed body,
A plurality of the first power transmission electrode and the second power transmission electrode are arranged side by side along the boundary surface,
In the movable body,
Connecting means for connecting the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode and the load to each other;
Either the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is arranged to face the first power transmitting electrode, and either the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode When the other is arranged so as to face the second power transmission electrode, it is possible to energize the anode of the load from the one first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode, and the load Enabling the current from the cathode of the second to the other first receiving electrode or the second receiving electrode,
The one first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is disposed so as to face the second power transmitting electrode, and the other first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode is disposed on the first power receiving electrode. When arranged to face the power transmission electrode, it is possible to energize the anode of the load from the other first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode, and from the cathode of the load to the one of the power receiving electrodes. Providing connection means enabling energization to the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode;
The power supply system according to claim 1. In the fixed body,
A fixed body side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the first power transmission electrode;
In the movable body or the fixed body,
Detecting means for detecting a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor;
In accordance with the series resonance state detected by the detection means, the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor are maintained in series resonance with each other. At least one of an operating frequency of the coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor, an inductance of the fixed body side inductor, or a capacitance of the first coupling capacitor and a capacitance of the second coupling capacitor. Series resonance control means for controlling the
The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2. The movable body includes a third capacitor connected in series between the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor;
The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2. In the movable body, a plurality of sets each including the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode are arranged in parallel.
From the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode of each of the plurality of sets, and a single plate-like body disposed so as to face the first power receiving electrode and the second power receiving electrode, Configuring the third capacitor;
The power supply system according to claim 4. In the fixed body,
A fixed body side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the first power transmission electrode;
In the movable body or the fixed body,
Detecting means for detecting a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor;
According to the series resonance state detected by the detecting means, the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, and the series resonance between the third capacitor and the fixed body side inductor are maintained. As described above, the operating frequency of the first coupling capacitor, the second coupling capacitor, the third capacitor, and the fixed body side inductor, the inductance of the fixed body side inductor, or the first coupling Series resonance control means for controlling at least one of a capacitance of a capacitor and a capacitance of the second coupling capacitor;
The power supply system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by the above-mentioned. The movable body is provided with a movable body-side inductor connected in parallel to the third capacitor,
Supplying power to the load by parallel resonance between the third capacitor and the movable body-side inductor;
The power supply system according to any one of claims 4 to 6. The movable body is connected in parallel to the third capacitor, and is in parallel resonance with the third capacitor and supplies power to the load by parallel resonance in accordance with the frequency of the predetermined power source. Provide a movable body side inductor to supply,
The fixed body includes a first fixed body side inductor connected in series between the predetermined power source and the first power transmission electrode, and a mutual connection between the predetermined power source and the second power transmission electrode. A second fixed body-side inductor connected in series between them,
In the movable body or the fixed body,
Detecting a series resonance state between the first coupling capacitor and the first fixed body side inductor and a series resonance state between the second coupling capacitor and the second fixed body side inductor. Detection means;
According to the series resonance state detected by the detection means,
The series resonance between the first coupling capacitor and the first fixed body side inductor and the series resonance between the second coupling capacitor and the second fixed body side inductor are maintained. ,
Series resonance control means for controlling at least one of the inductance of the first fixed body side inductor and the second fixed body side inductor and the capacitance of the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor is provided. ,
The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein: Providing an adjusting means for adjusting a relative position of the first power transmitting electrode and the second power transmitting electrode with respect to the first power receiving electrode or the second power receiving electrode;
The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein:

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