JP2009083577A - Method for detecting abnormality of electric switching machine, and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To monitor the point converting operation of an electric switching machine. <P>SOLUTION: The electric switching machine has a load detection unit 12, a stroke detection unit 13 and a monitoring device 14, and when converting the point, the section in which a tongue rail is pressed against a base rail and tightly attached is set to be a monitoring range. The load detection unit 12 detects the load of the electric switching machine within the monitoring range, and outputs the load information to the monitoring device 14. The stroke detection unit 13 outputs the position information of the generated load to the monitoring device 14. The monitoring device 14 determines from the input load information and the position information whether or not the magnitude of the force for pressing the tongue rail against the base rail within the monitoring range reaches the permissible range, or exceeds the permissible range; and determines normality or abnormality of the point conversion, and outputs a warning in a case of abnormality. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting normality and abnormality of operation of an electric switch, including disturbance of operation of the electric switch and abnormality of the apparatus.

As an electric switch having an indexing function using a convertible lock device, there is, for example, a YS type electric switch. The YS type electric switch is an electric switch that is used in combination with a conversion lock (YS type) and a circuit controller (YS type) and is used for conversion of points other than the main line. Backward indexing is possible.
FIG. 7 shows the installation state of the YS type electric switch. The electric switch is a conversion device, and includes a conversion mechanism, a speed reduction mechanism, and an induction motor. The conversion mechanism changes the point by moving the crank by a conversion roller and a cam fixed to the conversion gear. In addition, the conversion lock device is a lock device, and the circuit controller is a contact check device.

In FIG. 7, the convertible lock 3 is composed of a Y-shaped crank 5 and an insulating link 6, and the Y-shaped crank 5 is held by a spring at a position rotated by 90 °. The Y-shaped crank 5, the arm 8 mounted on the same axis, and the crank 10 of the electric switch 4 are connected by an offset link 9.
The offset link 9 transmits the movement of the crank 10 of the electric switch 4 to the arm 8 of the conversion locker, and the arm 8 rotates the coaxial Y-shaped crank 5 in the left or right direction to move the basic rail. The direction of the Tongrel 7a, 7b is changed with respect to 1a, 1b, and the point is changed from the stereo position to the inversion, or from the inversion to the localization.

  What is important here is that, after the conversion is completed, the center points of the elbow and crank pin holes A and B and the center C point of the crankshaft are in a straight line, forming a dead center in the direction perpendicular to the Tongrel, Is to secure.

  The circuit controller 20 detects the relative positions of the basic rails 1a and 1b and the Tongrel 7a and 7b separately on the localization side and the reverse side, respectively, as a close contact checking device, and in combination with the conditions of the control relay. The display circuit is controlled and attached to the basic rails 1a and 1b. At the end of the conversion, the abdomen of the Tongleil 7a or 7b pushes the axis of the circuit controller to operate the switch. By detecting the position of 7a or 7b, it is a mechanism for detecting whether or not the Tongrel 7a or 7b is in close contact with the basic rail 1a or 1b.

  By the way, since the circuit controller 20 is directly attached to the basic rails 1a and 1b, the following problems have been pointed out as a mechanism. That is, as described above, the circuit controller 20 operates the switch by pressing the shaft (not shown) of the circuit controller 20 by the abdomen of the Tongrel 7a or 7b, and the Tongleil 7a or 7b at that time is operated. Since the position is detected, there is a problem that when a foreign object is caught between the tongue rail 7a or 7b and the basic rail 1a or 1b, the switch is operated by the foreign object. .

  Also, as a work problem, drilling to attach the circuit controller to the basic rail and adjustment of the shaft with respect to the Tongler are necessary. From the circuit controller attached to the basic rail, the YS type electric switch Wiring cables must be laid up to one machine. Furthermore, in cold regions, Kantera is used in the immediate vicinity of the circuit controller 20 in order to prevent inversion due to freezing of points during snowfall, but there is also a problem that the problem of burning out the wiring cable due to Kantera's heat frequently occurs. It has been pointed out.

For this reason, a circuit controller is attached to the basic rails 1a and 1b, and at the end of the conversion, the abdomen of the Tongleil 7a or 7b pushes the axis of the circuit controller to operate the switch. There has been a strong demand for the development of a method for detecting the state of a point-converted lock, instead of detecting the position of 7a or 7b.
Patent Publication 7-10001 Patent Publication No. 7-52800 Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-146852

  The problem to be solved is to detect the close contact between the basic rail and the tongrel, and attach the circuit controller to the basic rail, and the abdomen of the tongrel presses the axis of the circuit controller to operate the switch. Because of the method of mechanically detecting the position of the tongrel at that time, it had various problems.

  In the method and apparatus for detecting an abnormality of an electric switch according to the present invention, the force pressing the Tongrel against the basic rail near the stroke end of the crank of the electric switch is detected as a load of the electric switch. The most important feature is to judge whether points are converted correctly or not.

  According to the method and apparatus for detecting an abnormality of an electric switch according to the present invention, since wear, dropout, and adhesion force reduction of components all appear as a decrease in conversion load, the point is changed every time a change is made. By monitoring the change in the machine load, it is possible to determine whether the point change operation is correct, that is, whether the convertible lock is correct or not, as well as the misalignment of the basic rail, the electric switch and the convertible lock, and connect each rod. It has an effect of ensuring fail-safeness by detecting problems such as wear of the jaw pins.

  The purpose of judging whether or not the point change operation is correct was realized by monitoring the load of the electric switch.

  FIG. 1A is a view showing an installation example of an electric turning machine (hereinafter referred to as an electric turning machine) having a backward indexing function according to the present invention. The relationship between the electric switch and the convertible lock device is exactly the same as the relationship between the electric switch and the convertible lock device shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 1 (a), a conversion lock 3 is installed on the sleeper 2 between the basic rails 1a and 1b in the yard sorting lines and side lines other than the main line, and on one side of the rails 1a and 1b. An electric switch 4 is installed on the overhanging portion of the overhanging sleepers 2.

  One Tongler 7a is connected to the first crank 5a of the Y-type crank 5 of the convertible lock 3 via the first link 6a, and the second crank 5b of the Y-type crank 5 is connected via the second link 6b. And connected to the other Tongleil 7b. The arm 8 is connected to the crank 10 of the electric switch 4 via an offset link 9.

  Hereinafter, the transmission of the operation to the offset link will be described in the case where it is applied to a YS type electric turning machine having an arm that turns at a turning angle of 60 °. Can be applied to the turning machine. In the YS type electric turning machine provided with a crank that turns at a turning angle of 60 °, the linear stroke is transmitted to the offset link 9 by the turning of the crank 10 at 60 °. In the YS type electric turning machine having the above, the operating rod moves linearly by a linear feed mechanism (not shown) incorporated in the electric turning machine and the stroke is transmitted to the offset link 9.

  In either case, the first crank 5a and the second crank 5b of the convertible lock 3 rotate together to drive the tongrels 7a and 7b to the left or right via the first link 6a and the second link 6b. Is done by doing. A YS-type electric switch equipped with an operating rod that moves linearly is described in Patent Document 3.

  The electric switch 4 includes a motor 11, and the crank 10 is driven by the motor 11. FIGS. 1B and 1C show a mechanism for driving the crank 10 of the electric switch by the motor 11. 1 (b) and 1 (c), the rotation of the motor 11 is transmitted to the conversion gear 16 via the speed reduction mechanism 15, and the crank 10 is moved by the conversion roller 17 and the cam 18 fixed to the conversion gear 16, and the point is set. The conversion mechanism is the same as before.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which a servo motor is used as the motor will be described. When the point is locked in place, the center of the elbow and crank pin hole A and B shown in FIG. 1 (a) and the center C point of the crankshaft are in a straight line, and the dead point is perpendicular to the tongrel. To secure the opposite lock.

  At this time, the conversion roller 17 is separated from the groove 18 a of the cam 18, and the Y-shaped crank 5 of the conversion lock device 3 comes into contact with the localization side stopper portion SN of the conversion lock device 3 and stops. At this time, the point can be indexed backwards. The localization detection switch RC is turned off. While this switch is off, the power supply to the motor 11 is cut off and the motor stops. Next, when a point change command is received and the point starts to change from the normal position to the reverse position, the rotation shaft of the motor 11 rotates the conversion gear 16 from the base point to the direction c (clockwise). As the conversion gear 16 rotates, the conversion roller 17 fits in the cam groove 18a of the cam 18 as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. 1C, rotates the cam 18, and centers on the cam shaft 19. The crank 10 is turned in the arrow direction a (counterclockwise direction).

  2 (b) and 2 (c) show a state in which the conversion gear 16 is turned about 90 ° from the beginning. At this time, the crank 10 turns to a posture inclined beyond the vertical line passing through the rotation axis of the conversion roller 17 and tilted backward. As shown in FIG. 2A, the tongue rail 7a approaches the basic rail 1a but is still in the process of conversion. 3 (b) and 3 (c), the conversion gear 16 further rotates, and the crank 10 rotates 60 ° from the beginning. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the Tongrel 7a is in contact with the basic rail 1a. Shows a state just before the conversion operation from the normal position to the reverse position is completed, but the conversion roller 17 is still in the groove 18a of the cam 18 as shown in FIGS. Although the crank 10 is pulled in the reverse direction, the reverse detection switch NC is just turned off, and the motor power is cut off. 4A to 4C show a state in which the conversion of points from localization to inversion has been completed.

  When the conversion is completed, the conversion roller 17 comes out of the cam groove 18a, and the backward indexing becomes possible. The Y-shaped crank 5 of the convertible lock device 3 comes into contact with the reverse side stopper SR of the convertible lock device 3 and stops. The operation procedure is exactly the same for the conversion from point inversion to position. Contrary to the above, the conversion from the point inversion to the localization is performed by reversing the motor 11 in the order from FIG. 4 to FIG.

In the present invention, during the point change, the load change of the electric switch 4 is monitored to detect the presence or absence of the point change operation. The load of the electric switch 4 changes with the conversion stroke when changing points. First, a force for moving the Tongrel is applied as a load to the electric rolling machine 4, and then a force necessary for pressing the basic rail is applied as a load.
The problem in the present invention is whether or not the tongrel 7a or 7b has generated a force necessary to bring it into close contact with the basic rail 1a or 1b after the pressing of the tongrel against the basic rail is started.

  In the present invention, the monitoring range is set to a section from the start of the pressing of the tongue rail to the basic rail until the tongue rail 7a or 7b comes into close contact with the basic rail 1a or 1b. That is, the change of the load of the electric switch 4 is monitored within the monitoring range, and whether or not the magnitude of the force pressing the Tongrel against the basic rail has reached the allowable range as the load of the electric switch 4, Alternatively, it is determined whether the point conversion is normal or abnormal by detecting whether the allowable range is exceeded.

  In FIG. 5, the motor 11 built in the electric switch 4 of the present invention has a load detector 12 and a stroke detector 13. The load detection unit 12 detects a change in the load of the electric switch 4 and constantly detects the load torque (operating current) of the motor that changes as the motor 11 rotates, and uses this as load information. This is output to the monitoring device 14. The operating current of the motor 11 is proportional to the magnitude of the force that changes and closely contacts the Tongrel 7a or 7b when the point is changed from the orientation to the inversion or vice versa.

  The stroke detection unit 13 specifies the monitoring position of the conversion position (stroke) of the electric switch 4 from the rotation angle of the motor shaft as the stroke specifying process, and the current conversion operation position is a predetermined monitoring range. If the position is within a predetermined monitoring range, the position information is output to the monitoring device 14. The monitoring device 14 monitors the magnitude of the force that presses the tongue rail against the basic rail within the monitoring range from the load information output from the load detection unit 12 and the position information output from the stroke detection unit 13. Normality / abnormality of point conversion by determining whether the force of pressing the Tongrel on the basic rail within the allowable range is exceeded or exceeded for the load of the electric switch And includes a comparison / determination unit 14a and a display output unit 14b.

  The comparison / determination unit 14a uses the load information input from the load detection unit 12 and the position information input from the stroke detection unit 13 to convert the tongrel 7a or 7b detected within the monitoring range during point conversion to the basic rail 1a. Alternatively, it is determined whether the Tongrel 7a or 7b is within the allowable range set on the basis of the force pressing the Tongrel 7a or 7b against the basic rail 1a or 1b based on the measured value of the pressing force against 1b, and the determination result is displayed on the display output unit 14b. The display output unit 14b outputs the load value of the electric switch 4 indicating the force for pressing the tongue rail against the basic rail based on the determination result of the comparison determination unit 14a. When there is a point change abnormality alarm is output.

  In this example, the output relay R is provided, and when the measured value of the load of the electric switch 4 is outside the allowable range, the output relay R is de-energized, the display output contact r is opened, An error warning for point conversion is output. An AC servomotor is effective for the motor 11. The servo motor has a load detection function and a stroke detection function as its functions.

  Of course, the motor of the electric switch is not limited to a servo motor. When a single-phase induction motor is used as in the prior art, it can also be realized by using a load cell as the load detector 12 and using a rotation sensor or a stroke sensor as the stroke detector 13.

  FIG. 6A shows a change pattern of the load of the electric switch with respect to the conversion stroke of the electric switch. In FIG. 6A, the vertical axis represents the motor torque (indicating the magnitude of the load of the electric switch obtained from the motor current), and the horizontal axis represents the pulse generated by the rotation of the motor (conversion stroke). Equivalent). The graph is a modeled representation of the relationship between the motor torque and the pulse during the rotation of the motor (until the electric tipping machine starts tongle conversion and ends the conversion). When a servo motor is used as the motor, the number of pulses proportional to the number of rotations of the motor is output from the encoder associated with the motor, so that the conversion stroke is possible by counting the number of pulses.

When the point is changed from the fixed position to the inverted position, the load torque is maintained at a substantially constant value close to no load during the initial fixed period of the point change, and the conversion roller 17 is in the cam groove 18a. However, when the conversion roller 17 enters the cam groove 18a and the tongrel starts to be pushed, the load increases thereafter, and after reaching the peak, the torque decreases during the conversion. A _first peak having a peak at the maximum value T1 is formed.

Thereafter, when the Tongrel is pressed against the basic rail, a _second peak having a peak value T2 of the torque for pressing the Tongrel against the basic rail is formed. Thereafter, the conversion roller 17 escapes from the cam groove 18a. The pattern is such that the load decreases and becomes constant at a value substantially close to no load. In the present invention, the waveform pattern shown in FIG. 6A is a change pattern when the load state with respect to the conversion stroke of the electric switch is normal.

In the present invention, the predetermined range around and including stroke position P ₂ to form the peak T ₂ of the second mountain, specifically second peak from the second rising position P ₀₁ of the mountain T ₂ T2 There waveform I falling has set the monitoring range a constant interval to the position P ₀₂ at which is flat. That is, as described above, the monitoring range is a section from when the Tongleil starts to press the basic rail to when it closes and presses. Each position P ₀₁ , P ₀₂ is specified by counting the number of pulses proportional to the number of rotations of the motor. It is not necessary to monitor the entire range of the conversion stroke, and it is sufficient to monitor the section where the Tongleil is pressing the basic rail to determine whether or not the points have been converted normally.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the allowable range of the load of the electric switch (load torque / operating current value of the motor) is set in the monitoring range (P _{02 to} P ₀₁ ). Tolerance, in FIG. 6 (a), the upper limit _{T 01} comprise peak _{T 2} of the second peak, the lower limit is _{T 02.}

In this embodiment, according to FIG. 6 (a), the stroke position to form the peak T ₂ of the second peak load of the electric rolling iron machine 4 is included in the monitoring area P ₀₁ to P _02, moreover its when the measurement value of the peak T ₂ is a value within the allowable range, the comparison determining unit 14a determines that the point transformation operation is normal, from the display output unit 14b alarm is not issued.

FIG. 6B shows a case where the measured value of the peak T2 of the _second peak exceeds the upper limit value _T01 . Load values forming the peak T ₂ of the second peak, since stroke position exceeds the upper limit value T ₀₁ in the P ₀₂ from the monitoring range P _01, the comparing and judging section 14a, point conversion operation is abnormal And a warning is issued from the display output unit 14b. For example, when a foreign object is caught between the Tongleil and the basic rail, the load increases as shown in FIG. So that the stroke position where the width of the trapped foreign matter to form the peak T ₂ greater the the second peak is greater between the tongue rail and the base rail deviates largely P ₀₁ side.

In an extreme case, it is conceivable that the conversion roller 17 cannot come out of the cam groove 18a and stops before reaching the monitoring range _P01 . If the peak T ₂ of the second peak exceeds the T _01, and, when the user stops the monitoring range P ₀₁ Previously, the abnormality judgment impossible in the monitoring device 14, such a situation anomaly detection according to the invention Is outside the scope of the purpose. If such a situation occurs, it means that the conversion operation itself cannot be performed, and there is no problem because the conversion display is not performed on the electric switch side.

FIG. 6 (c), not reach the lower limit value T ₀₂ stroke position of the measured values of the peak T ₂ of the second peak is within the interval from monitoring range P ₀₁ to P ₀₂ in the opposite, yet in this waveform, The peak T2 of the _second mountain is not clearly formed. Even when the peak T2 of the _second peak does not reach the lower limit value _T02 , the comparison / determination unit 14a determines that the point change operation is abnormal, and an alarm is issued from the display output unit 14b.

  In the case of FIG.6 (c), it is a case where the contact | adhesion power of a basic rail and a Tongle rail falls extremely. The reason why the adhesion between the basic rail and the Tongrel is extremely reduced is that the components connecting the Y-shaped crank 5 of the convertible lock 3 and the Tongrel (for example, links (6a, 6b), elbows or jaw pins). (Both of which are not shown in the figure) or the like). This indicates that the load has decreased and, in extreme cases, the situation has occurred where the Tongleil cannot be brought into close contact with or converted to the basic rail.

  In the present invention, the force that presses the Tongrel 7a or 7b against the basic rail 1a or 1b is detected as a load of the electric switch 4, and the load of the electric switch 4 at the time of actual point change is large. When it is recognized that the load is within the allowable range, a “normal” judgment is made, and when it is recognized that an excessive load is acting than the set load, or when it is recognized that the load is excessively low, an abnormal point conversion is detected. By making a judgment, the operation state of the electric switch 4 is monitored without using a circuit controller (YS type), and the passage of traffic is made safe by responding promptly to disturbances and equipment abnormalities. be able to.

  The present invention has a YS-type electric switch, or a switch device that uses a conversion lock device in combination with an equivalent electric switch and a lock / check function such as a lock pad or a check pad. It can be applied to a tipping device that requires a checking function without changing equipment such as an increase in the number of rods in an electric tipping machine that does not have.

(A) is the example of the installation of the electric switch according to the present invention, and is a view showing a state where the points are locked in place, and (b) is a diagram showing the crank of the electric switch by a motor. The figure which shows the mechanism to drive, (c) is a figure which shows the relationship between the conversion roller and cam in the state of (a), (b). (A) is an installation example of an electric switch according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a state in the middle of point conversion, (b) is a mechanism for driving a crank of the electric switch by a motor. The figure shown, (c) is a figure which shows the relationship between the conversion roller and cam in the state of (a), (b). (A) is the example of installation of the electric switch according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a state just before the point is changed from the fixed position to the inverted position, and (b) is a diagram of the electric switch by the motor. The figure which shows the mechanism which drives a crank, (c) is a figure which shows the relationship between the conversion roller and cam in the state of (a), (b). (A) is the example of installation of the electric switch by this invention, and is a figure which shows the state which the conversion of the point from orientation to inversion was completed, (b) is an electric switch by a motor. The figure which shows the mechanism which drives the crank of this, (c) is a figure which shows the relationship between the conversion roller and cam in the state of (a), (b). It is a figure which shows the point which displays the presence or absence of abnormality in the point change operation | movement with a monitoring apparatus by inputting the control conditions of a stroke and load from the servomotor of the electric switch of this invention. It is a model figure which shows the change of the load (motor load torque) with respect to the stroke (rotation pulse of a motor shaft) of the electric switch in the actual operation | movement which combines an electric switch and a conversion lock device, and switches a point. (A) is a figure which shows a waveform when conversion is performed normally, (b), (c) is a figure which shows a waveform when abnormality occurs in conversion of a point. It is a figure which shows the installation state of the conventional YS type electric switch.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b Basic rail 2 Sleeper 3 Conversion lock 4 Electric switch 5 Y type crank 5a 1st crank 5b 2nd crank 6a 1st link 6b 2nd link 7a, 7b Tongue rail 8 Arm 9 Offset link 10 Crank DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Motor 12 Load detection part 13 Stroke detection part 14 Monitoring apparatus 14a Comparison judgment part 14b Display output part 15 Deceleration mechanism 16 Conversion gear 17 Conversion roller 18 Cam 18a Cam groove 19 Cam shaft 20 Circuit controller SN Stopper part SR on the localization side Opposite side stopper

Claims (6)

A method for detecting an abnormal point change operation by detecting a change in the load of the electric switch within the monitoring range,
The monitoring range is that when the Tongleil is driven and the point is changed from stereo to inversion, or vice versa, the Tongleil comes into close contact with the basic rail after the Tonglele is pressed against the basic rail. It is a section until it is done, whether the magnitude of the force pressing the Tongrel against the basic rail within the monitoring range has reached the allowable range as the load of the electric switch, or whether it exceeds the allowable range An abnormality detection method for an electric switch, characterized by determining whether the point conversion is normal or abnormal.   When the strength of pressing the tong rail against the basic rail is within the allowable range as the load of the electric switch, it is determined that the point conversion operation is normal, and when the allowable range is exceeded and 2. The method for detecting an abnormality in an electric switch according to claim 1, wherein when the range is not reached, it is determined that the point change operation is abnormal.   The load of the electric switch is obtained from the load torque (operating current) of the motor that drives the Tongler, and the conversion stroke of the electric switch is obtained from the rotation angle of the motor shaft that drives the Tongler. 3. The method for detecting an abnormality in an electric switch according to claim 2, wherein the magnitude of the force for pressing the Tongrel against the basic rail is measured within the monitoring range set during the conversion stroke. An abnormality detection device for an electrical switch having a load detection unit, a stroke detection unit, and a monitoring device,
When the tong rail is driven and the point is changed from stereo to inverted, or vice versa, the interval from the start of the tongrel pressing against the basic rail until the tong rail is in close contact with the basic rail Is the monitoring range,
The load detection unit detects the load torque (operating current) of the motor as a load of the electric rolling machine, and outputs the load information to the monitoring device.
The stroke detection unit specifies a monitoring position from the rotation angle of the motor shaft, and outputs the specified position information to the monitoring device.
Whether the magnitude of the force that presses the Tongleil against the basic rail within the monitoring range has reached an allowable range from the load information output from the load detection unit and the position information output from the stroke detection unit. An abnormality detection device for an electric switch, characterized by determining whether or not the allowable range is exceeded and determining whether the point conversion is normal or abnormal. The monitoring device has a comparison determination unit and a display output unit,
The comparison judgment unit accepts a measured value of the force that presses the Tongrel against the basic rail within the monitoring range in the middle of changing points from the load information input from the load detection unit and the position information input from the stroke detection unit. It is determined whether it has reached the range, or whether it has exceeded the allowable range, and outputs the determination result to the display output unit,
The display output unit changes the point when the measured value of the force that presses the Tongleil against the basic rail is not within the allowable range or exceeds the allowable range according to the determination result of the comparison determining unit. The abnormality detection device for an electric switch according to claim 4, wherein an alarm is output as an abnormality of the electric switch. The electric switch is equipped with a servo motor as a drive source that drives the Tongleil to change the point from stereo to reversal or vice versa.
6. The electric switch according to claim 4, wherein the servo motor load torque (operating current) information and position information obtained from the rotation angle of the motor shaft are output to a monitoring device. Anomaly detection device.

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