JP2009067645A - Hydrogen manufacturing device and fuel cell system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain a hydrogen concentration in a reformed gas at a high value and to provide a compact device. <P>SOLUTION: An outer cylinder 3, an inner cylinder 5 and a combustion cylinder 7 are successively and concentrically arranged at a prescribed interval on the inside of a hollow cylindrical reforming vessel 1, and a combustion gas flowing from the combustion cylinder flows a gap between the combustion cylinder and the inner cylinder toward an one end side of the reforming vessel, and the gas flows outward in the radial direction of a sealing plate sealing the gap of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, thereafter the gas flows in a gap between the outer cylinder and the reforming vessel toward the other end side of the reforming vessel. A reforming catalyst layer 21 filled in a space portion 23 interposed between the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the sealing plate is heated by a flow of the combustion gas. A steam reforming reaction advances by applying a hydrocarbon-based fuel and steam to the reforming catalyst layer and hydrogen is generated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrogen production apparatus that generates hydrogen by reacting a hydrocarbon fuel with water vapor, and a fuel cell system using the same.

The fuel cell system includes a hydrogen production apparatus that produces hydrogen by reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel with steam in the presence of a catalyst, and a fuel cell that generates electricity by reacting hydrogen and air. Configured. For example, city gas, natural gas, LP gas, gasoline, kerosene, etc. are used as the fuel for such a fuel cell system. For example, methane (CH ₄ ), which is the main component of city gas, is used as a fuel. The reaction is shown by equation 1.

CH ₄ + H ₂ O⇔CO + 3H ₂ .. (Formula 1: Steam reforming reaction)

CO generated by the reaction of Formula 1 is further converted into H ₂ and CO ₂ by the reaction with H ₂ O shown in Formula 2 at the same time.

CO + H ₂ O⇔CO ₂ + H ₂ .. (Formula 2: CO conversion reaction)

By the way, since the reforming reaction shown in Formula 1 is a reaction with a relatively large endotherm, it is necessary to continuously supply heat in order to continue the reaction. For example, the temperature of the reforming catalyst layer is required to be maintained at a high temperature of about 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. Therefore, an steam reforming (SR) hydrogen production apparatus using an external heating method in which an electric heater, a burner or the like is provided outside the reformer and the reforming catalyst layer is heated from the outside has been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an outer cylinder arranged concentrically in a hollow reforming container, an inner cylinder arranged concentrically inside the outer cylinder, and radiation arranged inside the inner cylinder. A reforming catalyst layer is formed in a space formed by sealing one end of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and a fuel supply pipe and a reformed gas discharge pipe are connected to the reforming catalyst layer. A reformer communicated with a double pipe structure is disclosed.

  According to this technique, the exhaust gas heated by the burner provided in the radiant cylinder flows in the radiant cylinder, and then flows in one direction around the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder by reversing the flow direction. Thus, the reforming catalyst layer can be heated. On the other hand, since the combustion supply pipe and the reformed gas discharge pipe have a double-pipe structure, heat exchange can be performed between the low-temperature reformed gas fuel and the high-temperature reformed gas. Energy efficiency can be improved.

JP 2007-31249 A

  By the way, with respect to the SR hydrogen production apparatus as in Patent Document 1, for example, a combustion catalyst is provided on the inlet side of the reforming catalyst, air is introduced into the reforming reactor, and a part of the fuel is catalytically combusted. There has been proposed an autothermal (ATR) hydrogen production apparatus using an internal heating system that maintains a reaction temperature by combustion heat.

  Here, when comparing both hydrogen production devices, first, the SR hydrogen production device maintains a high hydrogen concentration without introducing a dilution gas such as nitrogen into the reformed gas as compared with the ATR hydrogen production device. Therefore, when the system is configured in cooperation with the fuel cell, the power generation efficiency can be kept high, but on the other hand, heat must be supplied to the reforming catalyst via the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. There is a problem that it is difficult to achieve stable operation at a low load and to make the device compact.

  On the other hand, since the ATR hydrogen production system burns a part of the raw fuel and obtains heat necessary for the reforming reaction by this combustion heat, it can realize stable operation at low load and downsizing of the apparatus. Compared with the fuel cell system using the SR hydrogen production system, a part of the raw fuel is burned and consumed first, and nitrogen in the combustion air is contained in the reformed gas and the hydrogen concentration is lowered. Therefore, there is a problem that power generation efficiency is lowered.

  The first object of the present invention is to maintain a high hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas and to realize a compact apparatus.

  The second object of the present invention is to maintain a high hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas, to make the apparatus compact, and to realize a stable operation at a low load.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention is a hydrogen production apparatus that generates a reformed gas by heating a hydrocarbon-based fuel and water vapor, and is a hollow cylindrical modified with both ends sealed. A container, an outer cylinder arranged concentrically inside the reforming container, an inner cylinder arranged concentrically inside the outer cylinder, and an inner cylinder penetrating through one end surface of the reforming container A hollow combustion cylinder provided concentrically on the inside, and a combustor connected to a proximal end of the combustion cylinder for supplying combustion gas into the combustion cylinder, and a reforming vessel, an outer cylinder, The inner cylinder and the combustion cylinder are provided with a set interval therebetween. The inner cylinder is open at one end on the side through which the combustion tube is inserted, and the gap between the one end and one end of the outer cylinder is sealed by the ring-shaped first sealing plate, while the other end is burned. A third sealing plate is sealed by a second sealing plate arranged at a distance from the tip opening of the cylinder, and the other end of the outer cylinder is arranged at a distance from the second sealing plate. A space portion filled with the reforming catalyst is formed in the gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the first sealing plate is filled with the reforming catalyst. The other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a raw material supply means for supplying hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor, and the third sealing plate contains the reformed gas generated in the space. A reforming gas outlet pipe that discharges to the outside of the reforming container is connected, and a combustion gas outlet pipe that discharges combustion gas is connected to the other end surface of the reforming container. To.

  That is, the present invention supplies a hydrocarbon-based fuel and steam to the reforming catalyst layer, and supplies steam to the reforming catalyst layer through the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder, and the first sealing plate, thereby steam reforming. A reaction is generated, and a reformed gas is generated by this reaction. As a result, the reformed gas is not mixed with a diluent gas such as nitrogen, and the hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas can be maintained high, so that the power generation efficiency is maintained high in the system linked with the fuel cell. be able to.

  Here, the combustion gas that supplies heat to the reforming catalyst layer flows through the gap between the combustion cylinder and the inner cylinder, then flows radially outward along the first sealing plate, and thereafter the outer cylinder It flows through the gap between the gas and the reforming vessel and is discharged from the combustion gas outlet pipe. By thus forming the combustion gas flow path and heating the reforming catalyst layer so as to surround it, it is possible to suppress the temperature of the reforming catalyst layer from being lowered due to heat dissipation. In addition, when the reforming catalyst is filled in the communication pipe communicating with the space, the reforming catalyst in the communication pipe can be effectively heated by flowing the combustion gas along the first sealing plate. . By adopting such a multi-cylindrical structure, a compact apparatus configuration can be obtained, and the heating efficiency of the reforming catalyst can be improved.

  In this case, a plurality of connecting pipes are connected to the first sealing plate in the circumferential direction. In this way, since the hydrocarbon-based raw material and steam are supplied to the reforming catalyst layer from the circumferential direction through the connecting pipe, the reforming catalyst can be used effectively and the reforming efficiency can be improved. .

  Further, a plurality of combustion gas outlet pipes are connected in the circumferential direction to the other end surface of the reforming vessel. In this way, since the drift of the combustion gas can be suppressed, the heating efficiency of the reforming catalyst layer can be improved.

  Further, based on the detection result of the temperature sensor that is disposed above the space portion and measures the temperature of the reformed gas, the heating means that is disposed in the combustion cylinder and heats the combustion gas flowing in the cylinder, and Suppose that it has a starting means which starts a heating means. In this manner, for example, when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is low, the heating means is activated to raise the temperature of the combustion gas, thereby suppressing a reduction in reforming efficiency, and reducing the load on the fuel cell. Since the reduction of the reforming temperature can be suppressed even during operation or when the hydrogen production apparatus is started, stable operation of the hydrogen production apparatus can be realized. Here, as the heating means, for example, a combustion nozzle or a combustion catalyst can be used. The combustion nozzle refers to a nozzle that ejects hydrocarbon fuel, anode exhaust gas, or the like.

  The raw material supply means supplies hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor, and air. The temperature sensor is disposed above the space and measures the temperature of the reformed gas, and the hydrocarbon fuel supplied to the connecting pipe. Adjustment means for adjusting the supply amounts of water, water vapor and air, and control means for controlling the supply amounts of hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor and air, respectively, by the adjustment means based on the detection result of the temperature sensor.

  According to this, for example, in a normal operation where the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set temperature, the hydrocarbon fuel and steam are supplied to the reforming catalyst layer, and the heat of the reforming reaction is covered by external heat. When it functions as a hydrogen production device and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is lower than the set temperature, it is improved by supplying air together with hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor to the space, and catalytically burning part of the hydrocarbon fuel. It can function as an ATR hydrogen production device that supplements the heat of quality reaction.

  For this reason, during normal operation, dilution gas such as nitrogen is not mixed in the reformed gas, and the hydrogen concentration can be kept high, so that the total power generation efficiency can be increased. Furthermore, since the reforming temperature can be maintained even during low load operation of the fuel cell, stable operation can be realized. In addition, the reforming reaction can be further stabilized by optimizing the supply amount and supply ratio of hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor, and air.

  Further, in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the reforming vessel, a preheating means for preheating hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor flowing in the supply pipe of the raw material supply means is interposed. In this way, part of the heat released from the reforming vessel can be used for preheating hydrocarbon fuel and the like, so that the thermal efficiency of the hydrogen production apparatus can be improved.

  The hydrogen production apparatus having such a configuration includes a fuel cell, an inverter that converts electric power generated by the fuel cell, and a heat recovery unit that recovers heat by burning fuel including anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell, A battery system can be configured.

  According to the present invention, the hydrogen concentration in the reformed gas can be maintained high and the apparatus can be made compact.

  A first embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  The hydrogen production apparatus of the present embodiment uses a hydrocarbon-based gas / liquid fuel such as city gas, LPG, kerosene, etc. as raw fuel, and heat is supplied by the combustion gas, in the presence of the reforming catalyst, To generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen production apparatus of the present embodiment includes a casing 1, an outer cylinder 3, an inner cylinder 5, a combustion pipe 7, a combustor 9, a raw material communication pipe 11, a raw material header 13, and the like. The outer cylinder 3 is arranged concentrically inside the casing 1 sealed at both ends, the inner cylinder 5 is arranged concentrically inside the outer cylinder 3, and the combustion tube is arranged inside the inner cylinder 5. 7 has a multi-cylindrical structure arranged concentrically. The casing 1, the outer cylinder 3, the inner cylinder 5, and the combustion pipe 7 are arranged with a set interval therebetween. Each member such as the outer cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder 5 is formed of a heat-resistant alloy.

  One end of the inner cylinder 5 on the side through which the combustion tube is inserted (raw material supply side) is opened, and the gap between the one end and one end of the outer cylinder 3 is sealed by a ring-shaped disk or end plate 15. The other end is sealed with a plate 17 of a disc, hemisphere, or semi-elliptical end plate disposed at a set interval from the tip opening of the combustion tube 7. The other end of the outer cylinder 3 is sealed by a plate 19 that is arranged at a distance from the plate 17. The plates 15, 17, 19 are made of a heat resistant alloy.

  A space 23 filled with the reforming catalyst 21 is formed in a space between the outer cylinder 3 and the inner cylinder 5. For example, the space 23 is surrounded above the space 23, that is, surrounded by the plates 17 and 19 and the outer cylinder 3. The space thus formed is a collection portion of reformed gas that is not filled with the reforming catalyst 21. A plurality of through holes are formed in the plate 15 located on the raw material supply side of the space 23 in the circumferential direction, and one end of the raw material communication tube 11 is connected to the through holes. The other end of the raw material communication pipe 11 is connected to a raw material header 13 for dispersing and mixing the hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor supplied from the raw material supply pipe 25. The raw material communication tube 11 is provided with a punching plate 31 in the vicinity of the connection port with the raw material header 13 to prevent the reforming catalyst from dropping.

  On the other hand, a through hole is formed near the center of the plate 19, and a reformed gas outlet nozzle 27 for discharging the reformed gas generated in the space portion 23 out of the casing 1 is connected to the through hole. ing. Further, a through hole is formed in the side surface of the casing 1 outside the plate 19, and a combustion gas outlet nozzle 29 for discharging combustion gas is connected to the through hole.

  The raw material supply pipe 25 is composed of a hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor supply pipe, and the supply amount supplied from each supply pipe to the raw material header 13 is controlled by a control device (not shown).

  Combustor 9 is connected to a supply line for combustion fuel and combustion air. Combustion gas generated by burning the combustion fuel is supplied into casing 1 through combustion pipe 7. It is like that. Further, in the present embodiment, for example, anode exhaust gas discharged from the anode of the fuel cell in the fuel cell system is supplied to the combustor 9.

  As the reforming catalyst filled in the space 23, a catalyst component such as nickel or a noble metal is directly supported on a ceramic material such as alumina, or is coated on the surface and formed into a predetermined size. A plurality of reforming catalysts formed in this manner are filled in the space 23 to form a reforming catalyst layer.

  Next, operation | movement of the hydrogen production apparatus of this Embodiment is demonstrated. After the combustion gas discharged from the combustor 9 passes through the combustion pipe 7, it collides with the plate 17 and the flow direction is reversed, and the gap between the combustion pipe 7 and the inner cylinder 5 passes through the gas in the space portion 23. The reforming catalyst layer is heated from the inner peripheral side of the inner cylinder 5 by radiation, convection heat transfer, flowing in the direction opposite to the flow direction. The combustion gas exiting the opening of the inner cylinder 5 is guided to a space (buffer) surrounded by the plate 15, the raw material header 13 and the casing 1.

  This space has a relatively large heat capacity, for example, a back pressure of 1 kPa or less. The combustion gas flows radially outward in the space along the plate 15 in the radial direction, and heats the reforming catalyst filled in the raw material connecting pipe 11 and the reforming catalyst filled inside the plate 15 in the middle of the space. To do.

  Then, the combustion gas flows through the gap between the outer cylinder 3 and the casing 1 in the same direction as the gas flow direction of the space 23, wraps the outer cylinder 3 from the outer peripheral side, and heats the reforming catalyst layer, The temperature reduction of the reforming catalyst layer due to heat dissipation is suppressed. The combustion gas that has passed through the gap between the outer cylinder 3 and the casing 1 is discharged from the combustion gas outlet nozzle 29.

  On the other hand, the hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor supplied to the raw material header 13 through the raw material supply pipe 25 are dispersed and mixed here, and then guided to the reforming catalyst layer in the space portion 23 through the raw material connection pipe 11. When hydrocarbon-based fuel and steam are supplied to the reforming catalyst layer heated from the surroundings by the heat of the combustion gas, the steam reforming reaction proceeds to generate reformed gas. The reformed gas generated here passes through the reforming catalyst layer, and is then discharged from the reformed gas outlet nozzle 27 to the outside of the casing 1 through the collecting portion.

  Thus, in this embodiment, since the hydrogen production apparatus has a multi-cylindrical structure, the apparatus can be made compact. In addition, since the combustion gas flows outside the outer cylinder 3, the inner cylinder 5, and the plate 15 and heat is supplied so as to wrap the reforming catalyst layer, the temperature reduction of the reforming catalyst layer due to heat dissipation is suppressed. The reforming efficiency can be kept high.

  Here, in the case where the combustion gas supplies heat from the inner cylinder 5 side and the case where the combustion gas is supplied from the outer cylinder 3 side, the combustion gas temperature is lower in the latter, so the temperature in the cross-sectional direction of the reforming catalyst layer It is conceivable that the value decreases from the inner cylinder 5 toward the outer cylinder 3. For this reason, the temperature distribution can be suppressed by setting the gap between the inner cylinder 5 and the outer cylinder 3, that is, the width of the reforming catalyst layer, to a predetermined width (for example, 20 mm or less).

  Next, a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the embodiment described below, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of combustion gas outlet nozzles 29 are provided. Here, preferably, a plurality of combustion gas outlet nozzles 29 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on one end face of the casing. In this way, since the drift of the combustion gas can be suppressed, the heating efficiency of the reforming catalyst layer can be improved.

  Next, a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  In the present embodiment, a thermocouple 33 that measures the temperature of the reformed gas is disposed above the space 23, and the measurement signal of the thermocouple 33 can be transmitted to the control device 35, and as a reforming catalyst. In the first embodiment, instead of the nickel-based reforming catalyst, a reforming catalyst having both combustion and reforming characteristics is filled and air can be supplied to the space portion 23 together with the hydrocarbon-based fuel and steam. It differs from the form. Here, the supply amount of air can be adjusted by the control device 35 as in the case of hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor.

  The anode exhaust gas is not supplied to the combustor 9 when the hydrogen production apparatus is activated, and the combustion gas supplied from the combustor 9 into the casing 1 is low because the flow rate and temperature of the combustion exhaust gas are low when the fuel cell is under a low load. The temperature of the catalyst becomes lower than that during normal operation, and the reaction temperature of the reforming catalyst layer may not be maintained. In such a case, when the control device 35 detects a decrease in the reforming temperature based on the measurement signal of the thermocouple 33, the control device 35 supplies air to the reforming catalyst layer at a predetermined flow rate ratio in addition to the hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor. To control.

  According to this, a part of the hydrocarbon-based fuel can be combusted with air, and the reforming catalyst layer can be heated by the heat generated at that time. Gas can be generated. Thereby, even at the time of low load operation of the fuel cell, a reduction in reforming temperature can be suppressed, and stable operation can be realized.

  That is, the hydrogen production apparatus of the present embodiment functions as an SR hydrogen production apparatus that covers the heat of the reforming reaction by external heat, for example, during normal operation where the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than the set temperature. When the temperature detected by the sensor is lower than the set temperature, it functions as an ATR hydrogen production device that compensates for the heat of the reforming reaction by catalytic combustion of a portion of the hydrocarbon-based fuel. Can be realized.

In the present embodiment, the control device 35 controls the flow rate ratio of hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor, and air. Specifically, S / C (number of moles of reformed steam / number of moles of carbon atoms in raw material) = 2.0 to 3.5, O ₂ / C (number of moles of oxygen in air / carbon in raw material) The hydrogen production apparatus is operated so that the number of moles of atoms is in the range of 0 to 0.4. This can maintain the reaction temperature of the reforming catalyst layer and prevent carbon deposition.

  Next, a fourth embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  In the present embodiment, the combustion catalyst 37 is installed between the upstream side and the intermediate part in the pipe of the combustion pipe 7, and the control device 35 controls the presence or absence of heating of the combustion catalyst 37 based on the measurement signal of the thermocouple 33. This is different from the third embodiment.

  In this way, at the time of low load operation of the fuel cell in which the temperature of the reformed gas is lowered, when the hydrogen production apparatus is started, the combustion catalyst is started and the reforming catalyst layer is directly heated from the inside, Since the heated combustion gas can be passed through and heated indirectly from the outside, a reduction in reforming efficiency can be suppressed. Instead of the combustion catalyst 37, for example, other heating means such as a combustion nozzle that ejects combustion fuel may be installed.

  Next, a fifth embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  In the present embodiment, a vaporizer 39 that heats hydrocarbon-based fuel, water vapor, and air is installed in the combustion gas flow path between the outer cylinder 3 and the casing 1. Is different.

  According to this, a part of the heat radiation from the casing 1 is used for preheating such as hydrocarbon fuel and water vapor, and preferably vaporized, thereby suppressing the heat radiation from the casing 1 and improving the thermal efficiency. . Here, the vaporizer 39 is not particularly limited as long as it is arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3 and transmits the heat of the combustion gas to a flow path such as a hydrocarbon fuel.

  Next, a sixth embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system using a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

  In the present embodiment, a CO shift unit 43, a CO selective oxidation unit 45, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) 47, an inverter 49, a hot water tank 51, and the like are added to the hydrogen production apparatus 41 of the fifth embodiment. PEFC system. The reformed gas discharged from the hydrogen production apparatus 41 is led to the reformed gas heat exchanger 53, the CO shift unit 43, and the CO selective oxidation unit 45 in this order, and after the CO concentration is reduced to 10 ppm or less, the solid polymer Supplied to the fuel cell 47.

  The gas compressor 55 passes the city gas 57 via the city gas supply pipe 59, the air pump 61 passes the air 63 via the air supply pipe 65, and the water pump 67 passes the water 69 via the water supply pipe 71. These are supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber 73, and the city gas 57 and the air 63 are preheated and the water 69 is vaporized.

  A desulfurizer 75 is installed in the city gas supply pipe 59 to remove the odorant in the city gas. Oxidation air 79 is supplied to the piping between the CO shift unit 43 and the CO selective oxidation unit 45 by an oxidation air piping 81 using an oxidation air pump 77. In the CO shift unit 43, the cooling water 83 is supplied to the catalyst heat exchanger 85 of the CO shift unit, thereby adjusting the temperature. In the CO selective oxidation unit 45, the cooling water 87 is supplied to the catalyst heat exchanger 89 of the CO selective oxidation unit, thereby adjusting the temperature.

  In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 47, the hydrogen contained in the reformed gas supplied to the anode 91 and the oxygen contained in the cathode air 95 supplied to the cathode 93 generate an electric power, and the power is passed through the inverter 49. And is taken out as electric power 97. Hydrogen that has not been used for power generation in the electrode reaction generates heat, and this heat is recovered as battery exhaust heat together with the latent heat of the condensed water. The heat-recovered battery part cooling water 99 is guided to the hot water storage tank 51 and used as the hot water supply 101. Tap water 103 is supplied to the hot water tank 51. A gas containing hydrogen that has not been used for the electrode reaction is extracted as anode exhaust gas from the anode exhaust gas exhaust pipe 105 and led to the hydrogen production apparatus 41 and the auxiliary combustion chamber 73.

  In the auxiliary combustion chamber 73, the anode exhaust gas is burned using the anode exhaust gas combustion air 107. When the calorific value of the anode exhaust gas is small, the reforming part supporting city gas 111 is supplied from the reforming part supporting city gas supply pipe 113 to the auxiliary combustion chamber 73 using the reforming unit supporting city gas compressor 109.

  In the case of replenishing hot water, the hot water supply portion supporting city gas 117 is supplied to the reheating device 119 through the hot water supply portion supporting city gas supply pipe 115. The anode exhaust gas is combusted in the auxiliary combustion chamber 73 to become the combustion exhaust gas 121 and is discharged from the auxiliary combustion chamber 73. In order to perform the above operation, the operation of each device is controlled by the control device 121.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 1st Embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 2nd Embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus formed by applying this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 3rd Embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 4th Embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of 5th Embodiment of the hydrogen production apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a block diagram of a fuel cell system using a hydrogen production apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 3 Outer cylinder 5 Inner cylinder 7 Combustion pipe 9 Combustor 11 Raw material communication pipe 13 Raw material header 15, 17, 19 Plate 21 Reforming catalyst 23 Space part 25 Raw material supply pipe 27 Reformed gas outlet nozzle 29 Combustion gas outlet nozzle 31 Punching plate 35 Control device 37 Combustion catalyst 39 Vaporizer

Claims (7)

A hydrogen production apparatus that generates a reformed gas by heating a hydrocarbon fuel and steam,
A hollow cylindrical reforming container sealed at both ends, an outer cylinder disposed concentrically inside the reforming container, an inner cylinder disposed concentrically inside the outer cylinder, and the modified A hollow combustion cylinder provided concentrically on the inner side of the inner cylinder through one end surface of the quality vessel, and connected to the proximal end of the combustion cylinder to supply combustion gas into the combustion cylinder Having a combustor, the reforming vessel, the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the combustion cylinder are provided at a set interval from each other,
The inner cylinder is open at one end on the side through which the combustion tube is inserted, and a gap between the one end and one end of the outer cylinder is sealed by a ring-shaped first sealing plate, while the other end is Sealed by a second sealing plate disposed at a distance from the tip opening of the combustion cylinder, and the other end of the outer cylinder is disposed at a distance from the second sealing plate. It is sealed with a sealing plate of
A space for filling the reforming catalyst is formed in a gap between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and one end of a communication pipe in which the first sealing plate is filled with the reforming catalyst. The other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a raw material supply means for supplying the hydrocarbon fuel and the water vapor,
The third sealing plate is connected to a reformed gas outlet pipe for discharging the reformed gas generated in the space portion out of the reforming vessel, and the other end surface of the reforming vessel is A hydrogen production apparatus to which a combustion gas outlet pipe for discharging the combustion gas is connected.   2. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the connecting pipes are connected to the first sealing plate in a circumferential direction.   The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the combustion gas outlet pipes are connected to the other end surface of the reforming vessel in the circumferential direction.   A temperature sensor that is disposed above the space and measures the temperature of the reformed gas, a heating unit that is disposed in the combustion cylinder and heats the combustion gas flowing in the cylinder, and a detection result of the temperature sensor 4. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an activation unit that activates the heating unit based on the temperature. The raw material supply means supplies hydrocarbon fuel, water vapor and air,
A temperature sensor disposed above the space for measuring the temperature of the reformed gas; an adjusting means for adjusting supply amounts of hydrocarbon-based fuel, water vapor and air supplied to the connecting pipe; and the temperature sensor. 4. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a control unit that controls the supply amounts of the hydrocarbon-based fuel, water vapor, and air by the adjusting unit based on the detection result.   In the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder and the inner peripheral surface of the reforming vessel, a preheating means for preheating the hydrocarbon fuel and the steam flowing in the supply pipe of the raw material supply means is interposed. The hydrogen production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:   7. The hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, a fuel cell, an inverter for converting electric power generated by the fuel cell, and a heat recovery means for recovering heat by burning fuel containing anode exhaust gas of the fuel cell. And a fuel cell system comprising:

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