JP2009025084A - Tripod for survey - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tripod for survey that is equipped with an overturn prevention mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: In this tripod 10 for survey is equipped with a top plate 12 for placing a survey apparatus thereon, and three leg parts 40 connected to the top plate 12. Each of the three leg parts 40 has an arm part 72 projecting to the lateral direction from the leg part 40, and a wheel 76 supported by the arm part 72, and the wheel 76 floates slightly from an installation surface in the utilization state of the tripod 10 for survey installed on the installation surface 92, and arranged so as to abut on the installation surface when the tripod 10 for survey in the using state is tilted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tripod for surveying.

  A tripod for surveying (hereinafter simply referred to as “tripod”) is connected to a top plate (table) for supporting survey devices such as a level, survey target, transit, total station, and the like so as to swing freely. Has three extendable legs. A pointed end is attached to the lower end of each leg so that positioning to the ground or the like can be performed easily.

  However, surveys in urban areas paved with asphalt or concrete and surveys in buildings (indoors) often do not allow the tip to be inserted into the ground, so lateral gusts and moving bodies (for example, There were many accidents that tripped the tripod together with the surveying instrument due to the contact of the material being transported and damaged the expensive surveying instrument. In particular, a surveying instrument such as a total station is an extremely precise optical device, and its repair requires considerable costs. In fact, the exact amount of damage to the surveying instrument due to a fall is not disclosed, but from experience, one surveying instrument falls over every two to three years and needs repair. It is considered a thing. Specifically, it is estimated that about 10,000 units for the level and 20,000 units for the target are damaged by the fall.

Therefore, the present invention was made for the purpose of preventing a surveying instrument from overturning due to wind or the like, and the top plate (12) on which the surveying device is mounted and the top plate (12) connected to the top plate (12). In a surveying tripod (10) with two legs (40)
Each of the three legs (40) is
Arms (72) projecting laterally from the legs (40);
A wheel (76) supported by the arm (72);
The wheel (76) is slightly lifted from the installation surface when the surveying tripod (10) is installed on the installation surface (92), and the surveying tripod (10) in the use state is tilted. It is characterized in that it touches the installation surface.
Tripod for surveying.

  In a surveying tripod according to another aspect of the present invention, the arm portion (72) protrudes in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to an axis (34) connecting the top plate (12) and the leg portion (40). It is characterized by being.

  In a surveying tripod according to another embodiment of the present invention, the arm portion (182) protrudes obliquely with respect to an axis (34) connecting the top plate (12) and the leg portions (140a to 140c). It is characterized by that.

  In the tripod for surveying according to another aspect of the present invention, the wheels (76, 184) are provided with the legs (40a, 184) provided with the wheels (76, 184) in the projecting direction of the arms (72, 182). 140a) is oriented in the tangential direction of a circle (86) centered on the lower end (62, 162) of another leg (40b, 140b).

  In a surveying tripod according to another aspect of the present invention, the arm portions (72, 182) are fixed to the leg portions (40, 140a to 140c).

  In a surveying tripod according to another aspect of the present invention, the arm portion (72) is detachable from the leg portions (140a to 140c).

  In the tripod for surveying according to another aspect of the present invention, the three legs (140a to 140c) each have an upper leg (142) and a lower leg (146), and the upper leg (142) is a single leg. (156), and the lower leg portion (144) has two legs (146) arranged in parallel, and is formed between the two legs (146) of the lower leg portion (144). One leg (156) of the upper leg portion (142) is movable along the guide portion (152).

  According to the tripod for surveying according to the present invention configured as described above, when installed on a relatively flat place such as an asphalt surface, the tripod rotates so as to release the force received from gusts and the like, and is in a stable state by itself. Therefore, there is no fall or almost no fall. Therefore, the frequency of damage to the surveying instrument is extremely low, and the maintenance cost can be suppressed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same or similar code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member or site | part which is common in embodiment described below, and description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, in the following description, terms indicating a specific direction (for example, “up”, “down”, and other terms including them) are used, and the direction indicates a direction in which the tripod is used.

Embodiment 1

  1 and 2 show Embodiment 1 of a tripod 10 according to the present invention. The tripod 10 can be suitably used when installing a surveying instrument on a relatively flat asphalt surface or concrete floor, and a table 12 that supports the surveying instrument such as a level, surveying target, transit, total station and the like. Have The top plate 12 has a substantially equilateral triangular planar shape. More specifically, the top plate 12 has a deformed hexagonal planar shape in which each corner portion of an equilateral triangle is cut and the long side 14 and the short side 16 alternately constitute an outer peripheral shape.

  The top plate 12 has a circular opening (hole) 18 at the center. A fixing mechanism 20 for fixing a surveying instrument installed on the top plate 12 is provided below the opening 18. As shown in FIG. 2, for example, the fixing mechanism 20 includes a shaft 22 provided on the lower surface of the top plate 12, a guide 24 that can rotate along a horizontal plane around the shaft 22, and a slot formed in the guide 24. 26 is provided with a screw 28 that is movable along the horizontal direction 26.

  The top plate long side 14 has a leg connecting portion 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the leg connecting portion 30 has a recess 32 formed by cutting a lower corner portion of the top plate long side 14 along the long side 14. A support shaft 34 is provided in the recess 32. As shown in the figure, the support shaft 34 is oriented in the direction indicated by the alternate long and short dash lines 36a to 36c, and the area surrounded by the three alternate long and short dashed lines 36a to 36c forms an equilateral triangle, and the center of the triangular area is the top plate. 12 coincident with the center 38.

  Legs 40 (40a to 40c) are connected to the support shaft 34 of each leg connecting part 30. The leg portion 40 has an upper leg portion 42 and a lower leg portion 44. The leg upper part 42 has two legs 46 arranged in parallel. The legs 46 are connected to each other by an upper connecting portion 48 and a lower connecting portion 50, and a guide slot 52 of a guide portion having a predetermined cross section is formed between them.

  The upper connecting portion 48 is connected to the support shaft 34. Therefore, the leg upper part 42 and the leg part 40 extend along the vertical plane passing through the top plate center 38 with the support shaft 34 as the center, and extend outward from the storage position. Can swing between the open positions.

  The lower connecting portion 50 is formed with an insertion hole 54 extending along the guide slot 52, and a leg lower portion 44 described later can be accommodated in the guide slot 52 through the insertion hole 54.

  The lower leg portion 44 has one leg 56. In the embodiment, the leg 56 has substantially the same cross section as the guide slot 52 and the insertion hole 54, and is inserted into the guide slot 52 through the insertion hole 54. Therefore, the extension amount of the lower leg 44 (specifically, the leg 56) with respect to the upper leg 42 can be freely adjusted. In order to adjust the extension amount of the leg lower part 44 with respect to the leg upper part 42 and to fix the leg lower part 44 to the leg upper part 42, the lower connecting portion 50 of the leg upper part 42 is provided with a screw 58.

  A stopper 60 having a shape larger than the cross section of the insertion hole 54 is provided at the upper end portion of the leg 56 to prevent the leg lower portion 44 from falling off from the leg upper portion 42.

  A support portion (lower end portion) 62 (62a, 62b, 62c) is attached to the lower portion of the leg 56. The support portion 62 can be formed of metal or hard rubber. In the embodiment, the support portion 62 has a cone shape, a truncated cone shape, a truncated pyramid shape, and a truncated pyramid shape whose cross section gradually decreases toward the tip (lower end).

  Each leg 56 has a fall prevention mechanism 70. In the embodiment, the fall prevention mechanism 70 has an arm portion 72 that protrudes laterally from the lower end portion of the leg 56 or the vicinity thereof. The protruding direction of the arm portion 72 is preferably a direction parallel or substantially parallel to the one-dot chain lines 36a to 36c in FIG. 1, but is not limited thereto. In the embodiment, in order to reinforce the arm portion 72, the end of the arm portion 72 and the leg 56 are connected by an oblique member 74. However, the oblique member 74 is not an essential member.

  A wheel 76 or a caster is attached to the lower part in the vicinity of the end of the arm part 72 (the end part away from the leg part 40). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the wheel 76 has a direction 82 perpendicular to the axle 78 with respect to a direction 84 (a clockwise direction) in which the arm portion 72 of the leg portion 40 having the wheel 76 protrudes. It is directed in a tangential direction of a circle 86 centering on a support portion 62 of another leg portion 40 adjacent to the portion 40.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the height of the wheel 76 is determined such that the wheel lower end portion 90 is at a position higher by, for example, height H: 5 to 10 mm than the surface connecting the lower ends of the three pointed support portions 62. ing. Therefore, for example, the length of the three leg portions 40 (the amount of extension of the leg lower portion 44 with respect to the leg upper portion 42) and the opening angle (the opening angle of the leg portion with respect to the vertical direction) are adjusted to be the same. In this state, each wheel 76 slightly floats from the installation surface 92.

  When the tripod 10 configured in this way is installed on a relatively flat ground (installation surface 92) such as asphalt, the length and the opening angle of the three leg portions 40 are adjusted to make the top plate 12 substantially horizontal. Further, the surveying instrument is installed on the top plate 12, and the surveying instrument is fixed to the top plate 12 with screws 28.

  Consider a case where a lateral force, for example, a cross wind, acts on the surveying instrument and / or the tripod 10 in this state. Normally, the tripod 10 installed in the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a reverse fall-suppressing ability against a force acting in a direction 94 from one leg 40b toward the middle of the other two legs 40c and 40a. It is inferior to the ability to suppress falls against the force acting from the direction. Therefore, when a large force (for example, a gust of wind or a collision force of another object) is applied in a direction in which the ability to suppress the fall is weak, the tripod 10 tilts in the force application direction 94. In this case, since the conventional tripod described above has nothing to suppress the inclination of the direction of the action of the force, the tripod 10 can easily fall down together with the surveying instrument. In particular, the surveying instrument installed on the top 12 is relatively heavy, and the center of gravity of the tripod on which the surveying instrument is installed is at a relatively high position. Therefore, when a force such as a cross wind acts, it falls down relatively easily.

  On the other hand, in the tripod 10 of the present invention, when the tripod 10 is inclined in the illustrated force acting direction 94, the tipping prevention mechanism 70 extends toward the acting direction 94 before reaching the angle at which the tripod 10 falls. The wheel 76 contacts the installation surface 92. When the wheel 76 comes into contact with the installation surface 92, another leg 40b on the upstream side with respect to the acting direction 94 shown in the drawing has already floated from the installation surface 92, and the tripod 10 has the remaining two pointed bearings 62c, 62 a and the wheel 76 in contact with the installation surface 92 are supported. In this state, or when the contact force of the tip support portion 62c with respect to the installation surface 92 further decreases from this state, the tripod 10 moves in the direction of the arrow 82 so that the wheel 76 moves on the circle 86 around the tip support portion 62a. The leg portion 40c moves to the downstream side in the direction of action, and then the tripod 10 returns from the inclined state to the normal support state (the state in which the three leg portions 40 are supported on the installation surface).

  As described above, according to the tripod 10 according to the present invention, when installed on a relatively flat place such as an asphalt surface, the tripod 10 rotates so as to release the force received from a gust of wind, and returns to a stable state by itself. To do.

  In the above description, as shown in FIG. 3, the arm portion 72 of the fall prevention mechanism 70 is protruded from the leg portion 40 in the clockwise direction around the top plate 12 as viewed from above. All the arm portions 72 may be protruded in the opposite direction, or may be protruded in both the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction.

  Moreover, it is not necessary to fix the arm part 72 and the diagonal member 74 of the fall prevention mechanism 70 to the leg 56, and it is preferable to be able to attach and detach as needed. In this case, the leg 56, the arm 72, and the slant member 74 are connected to each other by combining a bolt and a nut and engaging a pin biased by a spring with a hole formed in the mating member. A movable pin type locking mechanism that is used to adjust the length of a multi-camera type camera tripod, etc., and a dart hole that has a headed bolt fixed to each member on the mating member (the bolt head and shaft are each It is possible to use a mechanism or the like that connects the two members by inserting them into a daruma-shaped hole having two circular portions of a size that can be inserted.

Embodiment 2

  4 to 6 show a tripod 110 according to the second embodiment. The tripod 110 of the second embodiment is generally different from the tripod of the first embodiment in that the upper leg and the lower leg in the first embodiment are replaced (change 1) and the fall prevention mechanism is changed (change 2). .

  First, the first modification will be described. In each of the leg portions 140a to 140c of the tripod 110 according to the second embodiment, the leg upper portion 142 is composed of one leg 156, and the upper end of the leg 156 is the leg portion of the top plate 12. The connecting portion 130 is swingably connected. The connection method is the same as that of the first embodiment. On the other hand, the leg lower portion 144 is composed of two legs 146 arranged in parallel and connecting portions 148 and 150 at the upper and lower ends thereof, and the lower portion of the leg 156 is the upper connecting portion 148 as in the first embodiment. It is inserted into the guide slot 152 through the insertion hole 154 formed in.

  Next, the change 2 will be described. The fall prevention mechanism 170 according to the second embodiment has a sleeve 180 fixed to the lower connecting portion 150 of the lower leg portion 144. In the embodiment, the sleeve 180 is formed of a hollow member having a square cross section, and is directed in a direction parallel to the support shaft 134 that supports the leg portions 140a to 140c. The fall prevention mechanism 170 also has an arm portion 182 made of a rod-like member having a cross section substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the inner cross section of the sleeve 180. As shown in the drawing, the arm portion 182 includes a wheel 184 at the lower end of the tip, and the other end can be inserted into the sleeve 180.

  As in the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the wheel 184 has a direction 188 perpendicular to the axle 186 protruding from the arm 182 in a state where the other end of the arm 182 is inserted into the sleeve 180. It arrange | positions so that it may orient | assign to the tangent direction of the circle | round | yen 192 centering on the support part 162 of another leg part 140b-140a adjacent to this leg part 140a-140c regarding the direction 190. FIG.

  The tripod 110 according to the embodiment configured as described above, like the tripod according to the first embodiment, rotates so as to release the force received from gusts or the like when installed on a relatively flat place such as an asphalt surface. And return to a stable state on your own. In particular, according to the second embodiment, the leg lower portion 144 is made heavier than the leg upper portion 142 so that the center of gravity of the tripod is provided at the lower side. There is an advantage that it is difficult.

  Further, the arm portion 182 of the fall prevention mechanism 170 can be easily attached and detached. The arm portion 182 removed from the sleeve 180 may be temporarily held by the leg portions 140a to 140c using, for example, an appropriate temporary fixing mechanism. As the temporary fixing mechanism, for example, a form using a hook-and-loop fastener, a form in which a leg holding mechanism such as a grip clip is provided on the arm 182, and the like are conceivable.

  In the first and second embodiments, the height of the wheel (the height H of the lower portion of the wheel with respect to the installation surface) is determined in consideration of the length of the arm portion, and is limited to the above-described value (5 to 10 mm). Instead, the tripod is inclined at three points, for example, the support portions 62a and 162a of the leg portions 40a and 140a, the support portions 62c and 162c of the leg portions 40c and 140c, and the wheels 76 of the leg portions 40c and 140c. The center of gravity of the tripod on which the surveying instrument is placed is in contact with the installation surface 92 so that it is located inside the line connecting the support portions 62a and 162a of the leg portions 40a and 140a and the wheels 76 of the leg portions 40c and 140c. In addition, it is preferable to determine the length of the arm portion and the height of the wheel.

  In the first and second embodiments, the arm portions 72 and 182 are protruded only on one side of the leg portions 40 and 140, but the arm portion 182 is protruded on both the left and right sides of the leg portion 140 as shown in FIGS. You may let them. In this case, as shown in the drawing, each arm portion 182 is preferably directed obliquely so as to protrude outward from the center of the tripod from the base end portion toward the distal end portion. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, it is preferably directed in the circumferential direction 212 with the adjacent leg 162 as the center.

The perspective view of the tripod for surveying concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. The top view of the tripod for surveying shown in FIG. The fragmentary perspective view of the tripod for surveying shown in FIG. The perspective view of the tripod for surveying concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. The top view of the tripod for surveying shown in FIG. The fragmentary perspective view of the tripod for surveying shown in FIG. The perspective view of the tripod for surveying which concerns on the other form of this invention. The top view of the tripod for surveying shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10: surveying tripod, 12: top plate, 14: long side, 16: short side, 18: opening, 20: fixing mechanism, 22: fixed shaft, 24: guide, 26: slot, 28: fixing screw, 30: Leg connection part, 32: recessed part, 34: spindle, 36a-36c: one-dot chain line, 38: center of top plate, 40 (40a-40c): leg part, 42: upper leg part, 44: lower leg part, 46: leg 48: upper connection part, 50: lower connection part, 52: guide slot, 54: insertion hole, 56: leg, 58: screw, 60: stopper, 62: support part, 70: fall prevention mechanism, 72: arm part 74: Diagonal member, 76: Wheel, 78: Axle, 90: Lower end of wheel, 92: Installation surface.

Claims (7)

In a surveying tripod (10) having a top plate (12) on which a surveying instrument is placed and three legs (40) connected to the top plate (12),
Each of the three legs (40) is
Arms (72) projecting laterally from the legs (40);
A wheel (76) supported by the arm (72);
The wheel (76) is slightly lifted from the installation surface when the surveying tripod (10) is installed on the installation surface (92), and the surveying tripod (10) in the use state is tilted. A tripod for surveying characterized in that it touches the installation surface. The survey arm according to claim 1, wherein the arm portion (72) protrudes in a direction parallel or substantially parallel to an axis (34) connecting the top plate (12) and the leg portion (40). tripod. The tripod for surveying according to claim 1, wherein the arm portion (182) protrudes obliquely with respect to an axis (34) connecting the top plate (12) and the leg portions (140a to 140c). . The wheel (76, 184) is connected to another leg (40b, 140a) adjacent to the leg (40a, 140a) on which the wheel (76, 184) is provided with respect to the protruding direction of the arm (72, 182). The tripod for surveying according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is directed in the tangential direction of a circle (86) centered on the lower end (62, 162) of 140b). The tripod for surveying according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the arm portion (72, 182) is fixed to the leg portion (40, 140a to 140c). The tripod for surveying according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the arm portion (72) is detachable from the leg portions (140a to 140c). Each of the three legs (140a to 140c) has an upper leg (142) and a lower leg (146),
The upper leg portion (142) has one leg (156), the lower leg portion (144) has two legs (146) arranged in parallel, and two lower leg portions (144). The leg (156) of the upper leg portion (142) is movable along a guide portion (152) formed between the legs (146). A tripod for surveying.

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