JP2009009155A - Display device and display method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem associated with flickers which are distinct due to an AC processing in a specific field unit in a reflective liquid crystal. <P>SOLUTION: It is defined that a display field frequency Fv is a frequency (for example, 100 Hz or higher) not causing flickers, and that Fv/2 is in the area (50 to 60 Hz or higher) with practically sufficient flicker sensitivity. Moreover, in order to materialize a smooth motion, Fv is set to an integral multiplied frequency of the field frequency of an input signal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a video signal display device, and more particularly to a display device that optically displays an image corresponding to an input signal by controlling a reflective liquid crystal display element or the like in units of pixels.

A typical example of a display device that optically displays an image corresponding to an input signal by controlling a liquid crystal or the like in units of pixels is a liquid crystal projector. A liquid crystal projector has R, G, and B independent liquid crystal panels that can control transmittance and reflectance in units of pixels according to input signals.
A color image is displayed on the screen by controlling the amount of emitted light in units of pixels with respect to the B light source.

As elements for controlling the amount of emitted light in pixel units (hereinafter referred to as optical control elements), in addition to conventional transmissive liquid crystals and digital micromirror devices (DMD), reflective liquid crystals are used for different purposes. .

Reflective liquid crystals are attracting attention because they can easily increase the aperture ratio, can incorporate peripheral circuits on the same chip, and can be manufactured in the same way as a normal semiconductor process, so that the cost can be reduced.

The color display methods of these liquid crystal projectors may have three independent light sources of R, G, and B, but there are many configurations in which a white light source is spectrally generated by a dichroic mirror or the like, and further R, G, B In many cases, the amount of emitted light is controlled in units of pixels by an independent display element, and then optically recombined and displayed on a screen with a single projection lens.

In addition, these display devices are rear projection type display devices that project from the back side of the screen of the display unit, and front display units that do not have a display unit and display a video signal from the projection lens of the display unit to an external screen. Type display devices. In either case, the display unit (screen) is configured to perform display by optically synthesizing R, G, and B emitted light in pixel units.

As described later, the display device using the reflective liquid crystal has a problem that flicker is likely to appear in the display image. In order to solve this flicker, the conventional apparatus merely displays the phenomenon by converting the vertical scanning (field) frequency of the display device to about 90 Hz only by grasping only the phenomenon. On the other hand, a display device with a fixed number of pixels, such as a liquid crystal display, can only display video signals that match the number of pixels of the liquid crystal to be used. Therefore, when a video signal with a different number of pixels is input, It is necessary to convert and display the number of pixels.

For example, when a liquid crystal element having horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines is used as a display element,
Although the horizontal 800 × vertical 600 SVGA signal can be displayed without conversion, other resolutions such as horizontal 640 × vertical 400 VGA signal and horizontal 1024 × vertical 768 X
When the GA signal is input, the horizontal 800 × vertical 6 capable of performing the enlargement / reduction processing and displaying the number of pixels
It is necessary to convert to 00 pixels.

That is, it is necessary to perform two processes, an enlargement / reduction process and a field frequency conversion for converting the number of display pixels. Performing both at the same time is a very complicated process. Therefore, in the conventional apparatus, the upper limit frequency of field frequency conversion is SXGA (horizontal 1280 × vertical 1024).
In the case of a high resolution signal such as, it was limited to about 90 Hz.

This field frequency conversion function is necessary only when reflective liquid crystal is used.
A general transmissive liquid crystal or DMD can display without flicker at a field frequency of 60 Hz to 75 Hz. However, in the case of a display device using a reflective liquid crystal, 9
Even 0 Hz is insufficient, and it is desirable to raise the field frequency further.

In the present invention, the following means are used in order to realize a display device capable of displaying good image quality using a reflective liquid crystal.
1. The display field frequency of the input video signal is converted to a frequency that is twice or more, and 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal is set to 50 Hz or more.
2. 2 of signal processing circuit for performing enlargement / reduction processing and signal processing circuit for converting field frequency
The function is divided into two, and the display signal is processed in two steps.
3. First, enlargement / reduction processing is performed by the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, and then field frequency conversion is performed by the field frequency circuit.
4). In the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, when the input signal is 50 Hz, 59.94 Hz to 60 Hz, it is output at the same frequency as the input video signal, and when it is other than this, it is converted to a predetermined frequency (for example, 60 Hz). Output.
5). The field frequency conversion circuit mainly performs only field frequency conversion processing, and converts the field frequency to a field frequency that is an integer multiple such as twice the input field frequency.

According to the present invention, a high-quality display without flicker and without discontinuity of movement can be performed in a display device using a reflective liquid crystal that is easily noticeable for flicker interference.

The mechanism of flicker generation in the reflective liquid crystal display element used in the present invention, which has been clarified by the study of the inventors of the present application, will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1A shows an amplitude waveform of an input video signal, and shows a case where a full white signal of a field frequency Fv = 60 Hz is input. FIG. 1B shows the driving voltage for the reflective liquid crystal. As shown in FIG. 1B, the reflective liquid crystal is configured to invert the applied voltage in field units with respect to the reference potential. In order to reduce a so-called burn-in phenomenon in which an afterimage is generated when the same pattern is displayed for a long time, such an alternating processing is applied and driven. In contrast to the conventional transmission type liquid crystal, the cycle of this AC processing is in units of lines or pixels, whereas in the reflection type liquid crystal, the AC processing is performed in units of fields. FIG. 1C shows the light emission amount (reflectance of the reflective liquid crystal) according to the drive waveform of FIG. FIG. 1C shows a change in luminance at a fixed point on the screen regardless of vertical scanning. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the change in the amount of light emission does not become an equal waveform for each field, and two different light emission patterns are alternately repeated for each field by being affected by the alternating current processing in the field unit. ing. Originally, if the light emission pattern is the same for each field, only a frequency component that is an integral multiple of the field frequency Fv = 60 Hz is generated. However, even if the field frequency of Fv = 60 Hz is generated by alternately appearing distortion of this light emission pattern. The frequency component of 30 Hz = (Fv / 2 = 60/2), which is 1/2 of the field frequency, appears.

The effect of flicker interference has long been known as the critical fusion frequency, 50-60 Hz
It is known that the interference is reduced to a practically sufficient level at a level of about 80 to 100 Hz and can be made below the detection limit. In the conventional apparatus, the flicker interference is reduced by setting the display field frequency to 60 to 70 Hz in accordance with the flicker sensitivity characteristic. Further, in order to realize a display that is less likely to cause flicker interference, the display field frequency is increased as necessary, and the display is performed at 75 Hz or 80 Hz, for example. In the display device using the reflective liquid crystal, it is necessary to consider a 1/2 (Fv / 2) component of the field frequency due to the influence of the AC processing in the field unit.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between flicker sensitivity characteristics and frequency component energy. The horizontal axis in FIG. 2 is the frequency.

FIG. 2A shows the spectral distribution of the display signal and the flicker sensitivity characteristic when the display is performed at the field frequency Fv = 60 Hz. Since the component of the display field frequency Fv = 60 Hz is in a region where the flicker sensitivity is low, the flicker of the 60 Hz component is a practically sufficient level.
The flicker of 30 Hz (= Fv / 2) inherent to the reflective liquid crystal is in a highly sensitive region, and as a whole, a display image with a large flicker interference is obtained.

FIG. 2B shows the display when the field frequency is increased to Fv = 90 Hz. It can be seen that 45 Hz (= Fv / 2) flicker is detected according to the flicker sensitivity.

FIG. 2 (c) shows a case where the field frequency is further increased to Fv = 120 Hz. The flicker at 60 Hz (= Fv / 2) is present, but this is a low flicker sensitivity region. Flicker interference can be reduced below the detection limit.

In order to perform high-quality display with little flicker, it is desirable that the frequency not cause flicker not only at the field frequency Fv but also at Fv / 2, as can be seen from FIG. However, under this condition, the field frequency Fv must be converted to 200 Hz or higher, which requires a significant change in the current system, which is difficult to realize. Therefore, the field frequency Fv is a frequency that does not generate flicker (for example, 100 Hz or more), and Fv / 2 has a small amount of energy, and therefore may be a practically sufficient flicker sensitivity region (50 to 60 Hz or more). From the above, it is desirable that the display frequency of the reflective liquid crystal is 100 to 180 Hz, that is, the field frequency is converted to 2 to 3 times.

From the above, by setting the field frequency to 100 Hz or higher, the display field frequency component
The flicker generated in Fv can be below the detection limit, and the 1/2 (Fv / 2) component of the display field frequency that accompanies the reflection type inherent AC processing should also be in a practically sufficient flicker sensitivity region. Therefore, it is possible to realize a display device with high image quality without drastically changing or increasing the circuit scale system.

The field frequency conversion is performed with respect to the field frequency of the input signal 1, 2, 3,.
.. It is preferable that it is a multiple such as double, and by setting it to an integral multiple, the video content of the same frame is output once, twice, or three times depending on the magnification. Frequency conversion can be easily performed. However, n / m times (n and m are integers)
However, in the case of 3/2 times, for example, the first frame of input is output twice, the second input field is output three times, and the third input field is output twice. Is repeated twice, three times, two times, three times, two times, and so on. As a result, although the smooth movement of the displayed image is somewhat impaired, a moving image having no practical problem can be obtained.

In the following, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for the configuration that realizes a display device using reflective liquid crystal of 800 × 600 (equivalent to SVGA) pixels as an optical control element.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a rear projection display device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, 101, 102, and 103 are video signal input terminals, 104 is a synchronization signal input terminal, 201, 202, and 203 are A / D conversion circuits, and 3 is an input signal type change or enlargement / reduction process. An enlargement / reduction processing circuit for converting the number of pixels, 301 is a memory provided in the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3, 4 is a field frequency conversion circuit, 401 is a memory provided in the field frequency conversion circuit 4, 7 is a control circuit, Reference numerals 501, 502, and 503 denote driving circuits for driving the liquid crystal panel, 6 denotes an optical synthesis unit, 11, 12, and 13 denote liquid crystal panels provided in the optical synthesis unit 6, 8 denotes a display screen, and 9 denotes a book It is a display device of the invention.

Color video signals such as R, G, B or Y, RY, BY are input from the input terminals 101, 102, 103. A horizontal / vertical synchronizing signal is input to the input terminal 104. The control circuit 7 generates a basic clock and a control signal for each unit based on the synchronization signal input from the input terminal 104. The A / D conversion circuits 201, 202, 203 are input terminals 101, 10
2, the video signal input from 103 is converted into a digital signal. The enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 is a so-called scan converter that converts the signal form and resolution of the video signal converted into a digital signal by the A / D conversion circuits 201, 202, and 203 using a memory 301 provided therein. Various types of video signals input from the terminals 101, 102, and 103 are converted by the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 into signals RI, GI, and BI in the RGB format of 800 horizontal pixels, 600 vertical lines, and a field frequency of 60 Hz. The field frequency conversion circuit 4 uses a memory 401 provided therein to set the field frequency to 12 times RI, GI and BI twice.
Display signals Ro, Go, Bo for converting to 0 Hz and controlling the R, G, B optical control elements are generated. The drive circuits 501 to 503 convert signals to voltages and timings necessary for driving the reflective liquid crystal panels 11, 12, and 13. The liquid crystal panels 11, 12, and 13 are all reflective liquid crystal panels having horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines. The optical combining unit 6 is the liquid crystal panel 1
The R, G, and B light sources are controlled by 1, 12, and 13, and optically combined with the screen 8 to display the input signal.

With the configuration described above, an input signal can be displayed by driving at a reflection liquid crystal panel vertical scanning frequency of 120 Hz with horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines.

  Next, the configuration of the front projection display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, 10 is an exit lens provided in the optical combining unit 6, 8 is a display screen provided outside the display device, and 9 is a display device of the present invention. Others are the same as FIG.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 3 is a rear projection type display device in which the display device and the display screen are integrated, whereas the configuration in FIG. 4 is more external than the exit lens 10 provided in the optical combining unit 6. Is a front projection type display device that projects onto a display screen 8 provided in
Other configurations are the same.

As described above, the present invention can be applied to both rear projection and front projection display devices by the configuration of the optical synthesis unit. It should be noted that processing such as left / right and up / down inversion of the display video signal may be configured to perform desired inversion processing in the drive circuits 501 to 503 or the enlargement / reduction circuit 3 as required by the optical synthesis unit.

With the configuration shown in FIG. 3 or 4, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 performs only enlargement / reduction, and the field frequency conversion circuit 4 performs only conversion of the field frequency.
Each function is simplified, and the circuit can be downsized compared to the case where both are performed in one step. In addition, conversion to a higher field frequency is possible as compared with the case where the conversion is performed in one conventional step. By converting the field frequency to, for example, 120 Hz, which is higher than 90 Hz where flicker has been detected up to now, the image quality can be improved to such an extent that flicker is hardly felt.

Further, when the optical control element to be used is a reflection type liquid crystal, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 and the field frequency conversion circuit 4 are used in combination, and a transmissive liquid crystal or DMD that does not require a high field frequency is used as the optical control element. When used as the above, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 may be used alone, and the versatility of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 can be improved. By realizing a circuit with high versatility, it becomes possible to use the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 even in a similar display device or the like, and there is an economic effect of reducing the development cost by increasing the use quantity.

In addition, when the input video signal is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit outputs RI, GI, BI at the same frequency as the input video signal, so that PAL, S
In the case of a moving image signal based on TV broadcasting such as ECAM or NTSC, it is possible to display a video signal without discontinuity such as missing or overlapping fields. The other field frequencies of the input signal are determined so that a still image from the computer is the main signal and output at a predetermined field frequency of 60 Hz. A specific configuration of the frequency conversion switching unit based on the field frequency will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 701 denotes a detection determination circuit for measuring the period of the vertical synchronizing signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and determining whether this period is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz. A PLL circuit that generates a clock based on the horizontal synchronization signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104, 703 is an oscillation circuit that oscillates at a predetermined fixed frequency, 70
Reference numeral 4 denotes a switching circuit. These 701 to 704 are all provided in the control circuit 7 shown in FIGS.

In the detection determination circuit 701, the period of the vertical synchronizing signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104 is measured. When this period is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz, the switching circuit 704 is switched, and the signal from the PLL circuit 702 is switched. The clock signal is output as the memory read clock Rck of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3. As a result, the field frequencies of the outputs RI, GI, and BI can be matched with the field frequency of the input video signal. The detection determination circuit 7
If 01 determines that the period of the vertical synchronizing signal is 50 Hz or other than 59.94-60 Hz, the clock from the fixed frequency oscillation circuit 703 is output as Rck via the switching circuit 704. Thereby, RI, GI, and BI are output as a field frequency of 60 Hz.

After that, the field frequency conversion circuit 4 converts the field frequency to twice by outputting the image of one field of RI, GI, and BI twice by reducing the time axis to 1/2, thereby moving the moving image. High-quality display is possible without breaking the smooth movement. In the case of a moving image based on a 50 Hz PAL or SECAM system, the input signal may be converted into a frequency 150 (= 50 × 3) Hz that is three times the input field frequency and displayed.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the time change of the emitted light amount of a reflection type liquid crystal. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the frequency spectrum of the display image of a reflection type liquid crystal, and flicker. It is a block diagram which shows embodiment of the rear projection type display apparatus of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows embodiment of the front projection type display apparatus of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a part of control circuit 7 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101, 102, 103, 104 ... Input terminal 201, 202, 203 ... A / D conversion circuit 3 ... Enlargement / reduction processing circuit 4 ... Field frequency conversion circuit 501, 502, 503 ... Drive circuit 6 ... Optical composition part 7 ... Control circuit 701: Detection determination circuit 702 ... PLL circuit 703 ... Oscillation circuit 704 ... Switching circuit 8 ... Display unit (screen)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Display apparatus 10 ... Outgoing lens 11, 12, 13 ... Optical control element

Claims (8)

A display device using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion circuit that converts the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency that is twice or more, and sets 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
A display device comprising: a drive circuit for driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display device using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion circuit for converting the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of 2 times or more and 3 times or less, and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
A display device comprising: a drive circuit for driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display device using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion circuit for converting the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of n / m times (m and n are integers), and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
A display device comprising: a drive circuit for driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display device using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A detection circuit for detecting the field frequency of the input video signal;
A determination circuit for determining whether or not the detected field frequency is within a predetermined frequency range;
A field frequency conversion circuit that operates by switching between the conversion of the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of twice or more and the conversion to a predetermined field frequency based on the determination result;
A display device comprising: a drive circuit for driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display method using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion step of converting the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of twice or more, and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
And a driving step of driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display method using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion step of converting the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of 2 times or more and 3 times or less, and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
And a driving step of driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display method using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A field frequency conversion step of converting the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of n / m times (m and n are integers), and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
And a driving step of driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal. A display method using a reflective liquid crystal display element,
A detection step for detecting a field frequency of the input video signal;
A determination step of determining whether or not the detected field frequency is in a predetermined frequency range;
A field frequency conversion step that operates by switching between the conversion of the field frequency of the input video signal to a frequency of twice or more and the conversion to a predetermined field frequency based on the determination result;
And a driving step of driving the reflective liquid crystal display element based on the converted video signal.

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