JP4019636B2 - Display device and display method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a video signal display device, and more particularly to a display device that optically displays an image corresponding to an input signal by controlling a reflective liquid crystal display element or the like in units of pixels.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A typical example of a display device that optically displays an image corresponding to an input signal by controlling a liquid crystal or the like in units of pixels is a liquid crystal projector. Liquid crystal projectors have R, G, and B liquid crystal panels that can control transmittance and reflectance in pixel units according to input signals, and control the amount of light emitted from the R, G, and B light sources in pixel units. By doing so, a color image is displayed on the screen.
[0003]
As elements for controlling the amount of emitted light in pixel units (hereinafter referred to as optical control elements), in addition to conventional transmissive liquid crystals and digital micromirror devices (DMD), reflective liquid crystals are used for different purposes. .
[0004]
Reflective liquid crystals are attracting attention because they can easily increase the aperture ratio, can incorporate peripheral circuits on the same chip, and can be manufactured in the same way as a normal semiconductor process, so that the cost can be reduced.
[0005]
The color display methods of these liquid crystal projectors may have three independent light sources of R, G, and B, but there are many configurations in which a white light source is spectrally generated by a dichroic mirror or the like, and further R, G, B In many cases, the amount of emitted light is controlled in units of pixels by an independent display element, and then optically recombined and displayed on a screen with a single projection lens.
[0006]
In addition, these display devices are rear projection type display devices that project from the back side of the screen of the display unit, and front display units that do not have a display unit and display a video signal from the projection lens of the display unit to an external screen. Type display devices. In either case, the display unit (screen) is configured to perform display by optically synthesizing R, G, and B emitted light in pixel units.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described later, the display device using the reflective liquid crystal has a problem that flicker is likely to appear in the display image. In order to solve this flicker, the conventional apparatus merely displays the phenomenon by converting the vertical scanning (field) frequency of the display device to about 90 Hz only by grasping only the phenomenon. On the other hand, a display device with a fixed number of pixels, such as a liquid crystal display, can only display video signals that match the number of pixels of the liquid crystal to be used. Therefore, when a video signal with a different number of pixels is input, It is necessary to convert and display the number of pixels.
[0008]
For example, when a liquid crystal element having horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines is used as a display element, an SVGA signal of horizontal 800 × vertical 600 can be displayed without conversion, but other resolutions such as horizontal 640 × vertical 400 are possible. When a VGA signal or a horizontal 1024 × vertical 768 XGA signal is input, it is necessary to perform enlargement / reduction processing to convert the number of pixels into a displayable horizontal 800 × vertical 600 pixels.
[0009]
That is, it is necessary to perform two processes, an enlargement / reduction process and a field frequency conversion for converting the number of display pixels. Performing both at the same time is a very complicated process. For this reason, in the conventional apparatus, the upper limit frequency of field frequency conversion is limited to about 90 Hz for a high resolution signal such as SXGA (horizontal 1280 × vertical 1024).
[0010]
This field frequency conversion function is necessary only when a reflective liquid crystal is used, and a normal transmissive liquid crystal or DMD can display without flicker at a field frequency of 60 Hz to 75 Hz. However, in the display device using the reflective liquid crystal, 90 Hz is insufficient due to the examination results described later, and it is desirable to increase the field frequency beyond this.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, the following means are used in order to realize a display device capable of displaying good image quality using a reflective liquid crystal.
1. The display field frequency of the input video signal was converted to a frequency more than twice, and 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal was set to 50 Hz or more.
2. The function is divided into two parts, a signal processing circuit for performing enlargement / reduction processing and a signal processing circuit for converting the field frequency, and the display signal is processed in two steps.
3. First, enlargement / reduction processing is performed by the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, and then field frequency conversion is performed by the field frequency circuit.
4). In the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, when the input signal is 50 Hz, 59.94 Hz to 60 Hz, it is output at the same frequency as the input video signal, and when it is other than this, it is converted to a predetermined frequency (for example, 60 Hz). Output.
5). The field frequency conversion circuit mainly performs only field frequency conversion processing, and converts the field frequency to a field frequency that is an integer multiple such as twice the input field frequency.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The mechanism of flicker generation in the reflective liquid crystal display element used in the present invention, which has been clarified by the study of the inventors of the present application, will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0013]
FIG. 1A shows an amplitude waveform of an input video signal, and shows a case where a full white signal of a field frequency Fv = 60 Hz is input. FIG. 1B shows the driving voltage for the reflective liquid crystal. As shown in FIG. 1B, the reflective liquid crystal is configured to invert the applied voltage in field units with respect to the reference potential. In order to reduce a so-called burn-in phenomenon in which an afterimage is generated when the same pattern is displayed for a long time, such an alternating processing is applied and driven. In contrast to the conventional transmission type liquid crystal, the cycle of this AC processing is in units of lines or pixels, whereas in the reflection type liquid crystal, the AC processing is performed in units of fields. FIG. 1C shows the light emission amount (reflectance of the reflective liquid crystal) according to the drive waveform of FIG. FIG. 1C shows a change in luminance at a fixed point on the screen regardless of vertical scanning. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the change in the amount of light emission does not become an equal waveform for each field, and two different light emission patterns are alternately repeated for each field by being affected by the alternating current processing in the field unit. ing. Originally, if the light emission pattern is equal for each field, only a frequency component that is an integer multiple of the field frequency Fv = 60 Hz is generated. However, even if the field frequency of Fv = 60 Hz is generated by alternately appearing distortion of this light emission pattern. The frequency component of 30 Hz = (Fv / 2 = 60/2), which is 1/2 of the field frequency, appears.
[0014]
The influence of flicker interference has long been known as a critical fusion frequency, and it is known that the interference drops to a practically sufficient level at about 50-60 Hz and can be made below the detection limit by setting it to about 80-100 Hz. In the conventional apparatus, the flicker interference is reduced by setting the display field frequency to 60 to 70 Hz in accordance with the flicker sensitivity characteristic. Further, in order to realize a display that is less likely to cause flicker interference, the display field frequency is increased as necessary, and the display is performed at 75 Hz or 80 Hz, for example. In the display device using the reflective liquid crystal, it is necessary to consider a 1/2 (Fv / 2) component of the field frequency due to the influence of the AC processing in the field unit.
[0015]
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between flicker sensitivity characteristics and frequency component energy. The horizontal axis in FIG. 2 is the frequency.
[0016]
FIG. 2A shows the spectral distribution of the display signal and the flicker sensitivity characteristic when the display is performed at the field frequency Fv = 60 Hz. Since the component of the display field frequency Fv = 60Hz is in a low flicker sensitivity region, the flicker of the 60Hz component is practically sufficient, but the flicker of 30Hz (= Fv / 2) unique to the reflective liquid crystal is in the high sensitivity region. As a whole, the display image has a large flicker disturbance.
[0017]
FIG. 2B shows the display when the field frequency is increased to Fv = 90 Hz. It can be seen that 45 Hz (= Fv / 2) flicker is detected according to the flicker sensitivity.
[0018]
FIG. 2 (c) shows a case where the field frequency is further increased to Fv = 120 Hz. The flicker at 60 Hz (= Fv / 2) is present, but this is a low flicker sensitivity region. Flicker interference can be reduced below the detection limit.
[0019]
In order to perform high-quality display with little flicker, it is desirable that the frequency not cause flicker not only at the field frequency Fv but also at Fv / 2, as can be seen from FIG. However, under this condition, the field frequency Fv must be converted to 200 Hz or higher, which requires a significant change in the current system, which is difficult to realize. Therefore, the field frequency Fv is a frequency that does not generate flicker (for example, 100 Hz or more), and Fv / 2 has a small amount of energy, and therefore may be a practically sufficient flicker sensitivity region (50 to 60 Hz or more). From the above, it is desirable that the display frequency of the reflective liquid crystal is 100 to 180 Hz, that is, the field frequency is converted to 2 to 3 times.
[0020]
From the above, by setting the field frequency to 100 Hz or more, the flicker generated in the display field frequency component Fv can be made below the detection limit, and 1/2 of the display field frequency (Fv / The component 2) can also be set to a practically sufficient flicker sensitivity region, and a high-quality display device can be realized without drastically changing or increasing the circuit scale system.
[0021]
The field frequency conversion is preferably a multiple such as 1, 2, 3,... Times the field frequency of the input signal. By setting an integral multiple, the video content of the same frame Is repeatedly output once, twice, or three times according to the magnification, so that the field frequency can be easily converted. However, even when n / m times (n and m are integers), for example, 3/2 times, the input first field is output twice, the input second field is output three times, and the input third The same frame content is repeated twice, three times, two times, three times, two times, and so on, such as outputting the field twice. As a result, although the smooth movement of the displayed image is somewhat impaired, a moving image having no practical problem can be obtained.
[0022]
In the following, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings for the configuration that realizes a display device using reflective liquid crystal of 800 × 600 (equivalent to SVGA) pixels as an optical control element.
[0023]
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a rear projection display device showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024]
In FIG. 3, 101, 102, and 103 are video signal input terminals, 104 is a synchronization signal input terminal, 201, 202, and 203 are A / D conversion circuits, and 3 is an input signal type change or enlargement / reduction process. An enlargement / reduction processing circuit for converting the number of pixels, 301 is a memory provided in the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3, 4 is a field frequency conversion circuit, 401 is a memory provided in the field frequency conversion circuit 4, 7 is a control circuit, Reference numerals 501, 502, and 503 denote driving circuits for driving the liquid crystal panel, 6 denotes an optical synthesis unit, 11, 12, and 13 denote liquid crystal panels provided in the optical synthesis unit 6, 8 denotes a display screen, and 9 denotes a book It is a display device of the invention.
[0025]
Color video signals such as R, G, B or Y, RY, BY are input from the input terminals 101, 102, 103. A horizontal / vertical synchronizing signal is input to the input terminal 104. The control circuit 7 generates a basic clock and a control signal for each unit based on the synchronization signal input from the input terminal 104. The A / D conversion circuits 201, 202, and 203 convert the video signals input from the input terminals 101, 102, and 103 into digital signals. The enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 is a so-called scan converter that converts the signal form and resolution of the video signal converted into a digital signal by the A / D conversion circuits 201, 202, and 203 using a memory 301 provided therein. Various types of video signals input from the terminals 101, 102, and 103 are converted by the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 into signals RI, GI, and BI in the RGB format of 800 horizontal pixels, 600 vertical lines, and a field frequency of 60 Hz. The field frequency conversion circuit 4 uses a memory 401 provided therein to convert a field frequency to 120 Hz, which is twice RI, GI, and BI, and display signals Ro, for controlling the R, G, and B optical control elements. Go and Bo are generated. The drive circuits 501 to 503 convert signals to voltages and timings necessary for driving the reflective liquid crystal panels 11, 12, and 13. The liquid crystal panels 11, 12, and 13 are all reflective liquid crystal panels having horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines. The optical synthesizing unit 6 controls the R, G, and B light sources by the liquid crystal panels 11, 12, and 13, and optically synthesizes the screen 8 to display the input signal.
[0026]
With the configuration described above, an input signal can be displayed by driving at a reflection liquid crystal panel vertical scanning frequency of 120 Hz with horizontal 800 pixels and vertical 600 lines.
[0027]
Next, the configuration of the front projection display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0028]
In FIG. 4, 10 is an exit lens provided in the optical combining unit 6, 8 is a display screen provided outside the display device, and 9 is a display device of the present invention. Others are the same as FIG.
[0029]
The configuration example shown in FIG. 3 is a rear projection type display device in which the display device and the display screen are integrated, whereas the configuration in FIG. 4 is more external than the exit lens 10 provided in the optical combining unit 6. This is a front projection type display device that projects onto a display screen 8 provided in the above, and the other configurations are the same.
[0030]
As described above, the present invention can be applied to both rear projection and front projection display devices by the configuration of the optical synthesis unit. It should be noted that processing such as left / right and up / down inversion of the display video signal may be configured to perform desired inversion processing in the drive circuits 501 to 503 or the enlargement / reduction circuit 3 as required by the optical synthesis unit.
[0031]
With the configuration shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 performs only enlargement / reduction, and the field frequency conversion circuit 4 performs only field frequency conversion, and each function is simple. Therefore, the circuit can be reduced in size compared to the case where both are performed in one step. In addition, conversion to a higher field frequency is possible as compared with the case where the conversion is performed in one conventional step. By converting the field frequency to, for example, 120 Hz, which is higher than 90 Hz where flicker has been detected up to now, the image quality can be improved to such an extent that flicker is hardly felt.
[0032]
Further, when the optical control element to be used is a reflection type liquid crystal, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 and the field frequency conversion circuit 4 are used in combination, and a transmissive liquid crystal or DMD that does not require a high field frequency is used as the optical control element. When used as the above, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 may be used alone, and the versatility of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 can be improved. By realizing a circuit with high versatility, it becomes possible to use the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3 even in a similar display device or the like, and there is an economic effect of reducing the development cost by increasing the use quantity.
[0033]
In addition, when the input video signal is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz, the enlargement / reduction processing circuit outputs RI, GI, BI at the same frequency as the input video signal, so that TV broadcasting such as PAL, SECAM, NTSC, etc. In the case of a moving image signal based on the above, it is possible to display a video signal without discontinuity such as missing or overlapping fields. The other field frequencies of the input signal are determined so that a still image from the computer is the main signal and output at a predetermined field frequency of 60 Hz. A specific configuration of the frequency conversion switching unit based on the field frequency will be described with reference to FIG.
[0034]
In FIG. 5, reference numeral 701 denotes a detection determination circuit for measuring the period of the vertical synchronizing signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and determining whether this period is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz. A PLL circuit that generates a clock based on the horizontal synchronizing signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104, 703 is an oscillation circuit that oscillates at a predetermined fixed frequency, and 704 is a switching circuit. These 701 to 704 are all provided in the control circuit 7 shown in FIGS.
[0035]
In the detection determination circuit 701, the period of the vertical synchronizing signal of the video signal input from the terminal 104 is measured. When this period is 50 Hz or 59.94-60 Hz, the switching circuit 704 is switched, and the signal from the PLL circuit 702 is switched. The clock signal is output as the memory read clock Rck of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit 3. As a result, the field frequencies of the outputs RI, GI, and BI can be matched with the field frequency of the input video signal. When the detection determination circuit 701 determines that the period of the vertical synchronization signal is 50 Hz or other than 59.94-60 Hz, the clock from the fixed frequency oscillation circuit 703 is output as Rck via the switching circuit 704. Thereby, RI, GI, and BI are output as a field frequency of 60 Hz.
[0036]
After that, the field frequency conversion circuit 4 converts the field frequency to twice by outputting the image of one field of RI, GI, and BI twice by reducing the time axis to 1/2, thereby moving the moving image. High-quality display is possible without breaking the smooth movement. In the case of a moving image based on a 50 Hz PAL or SECAM system, the input signal may be converted into a frequency 150 (= 50 × 3) Hz that is three times the input field frequency and displayed.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a high-quality display without flicker and without discontinuity of movement can be performed in a display device using a reflective liquid crystal that is easily noticeable for flicker interference.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a temporal change in a light emission amount of a reflective liquid crystal.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a relationship between a frequency spectrum of a display image of a reflection type liquid crystal and flicker.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a rear projection display device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a front projection display device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a partial configuration of a control circuit 7 of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
101, 102, 103, 104 ... input terminals 201, 202, 203 ... A / D conversion circuit 3 ... enlargement / reduction processing circuit 4 ... field frequency conversion circuits 501, 502, 503 ... drive circuit 6 ... optical synthesis unit 7 ... control circuit 701 ... Detection determination circuit 702 ... PLL circuit 703 ... Oscillation circuit 704 ... Switching circuit 8 ... Display unit (screen)
9 ... Display device 10 ... Exit lenses 11, 12, 13 ... Optical control element

Claims (2)

A display device using a reflective image display element,
An enlargement / reduction processing circuit for performing enlargement / reduction processing of the input video signal;
A field frequency conversion circuit that converts the field frequency of the video signal output from the enlargement / reduction processing circuit to a frequency that is twice or more, and sets 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted video signal to 50 Hz or more;
A detection determination circuit that measures and determines the period of the field frequency of the input video signal;
A PLL circuit that generates a clock based on the input video signal;
A transmission circuit for transmitting a predetermined fixed frequency;
A switching circuit that switches between a clock generated by the PLL circuit and a fixed frequency transmitted from the transmission circuit;
When the field frequency is determined to be 50 Hz or 59.9-60 Hz by the detection determination circuit, the clock signal generated by the PLL circuit is output as a read clock of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, and the detection determination circuit When the field frequency is determined to be other than 50 Hz or 59.9-60 Hz, the fixed frequency transmitted from the transmission circuit is switched by the switching circuit so as to be output as a read clock of the enlargement / reduction processing circuit, A control circuit for controlling the video signal to be output to a field frequency conversion circuit;
A display device comprising: a drive circuit that drives the reflective video display element based on the converted video signal. A display method using a reflective image display element,
An enlargement / reduction processing step for enlarging or reducing the input video signal;
A field frequency conversion step of converting the field frequency of the signal output from the enlargement / reduction processing step to a frequency of twice or more, and setting 1/2 of the field frequency of the converted signal to 50 Hz or more;
A detection determination step of measuring and determining a period of a field frequency of the input video signal;
When the field frequency is determined to be 50 Hz or 59.9-60 Hz in the detection determination step, a clock signal generated by a PLL circuit is output as a read clock in the enlargement / reduction processing step, and the detection determination step When the field frequency is determined to be other than 50 Hz or 59.9 to 60 Hz, a switching step of switching the frequency so as to output a fixed frequency transmitted from the transmission circuit as a read clock in the enlargement / reduction step;
A control step for controlling to output the video signal to the field frequency conversion step at the frequency switched in the switching step;
And a driving step of driving the reflective video display element based on the converted video signal.

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