JP2009007220A - Anti-virulence and/or insect pest repelling organic fermentative bacterial fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anti-virulence and insect pest repelling organic fermentative bacterial fertilizer and its easy manufacturing method. <P>SOLUTION: A culture medium such as rice bran is mixed with fermentative bacteria comprising an effective microbe group including autochthonous bacteria. According to the present invention, a processed substance of diseased plant portions infected by pathogen such as bacteria and virus of plants and a processed substance of insect pest are added to the above mixture. The processed substance may be a pulverized material, juice, extract liquid, culture or their dried substance. Subsequently, the mixture is controlled to have a water content of about 30 to 40% and fermented in the presence of nutrient such as molasses, chitosan and seaweed powder. Fermentation can be carried out in a natural process, or by heating or by combining both. The fermentation temperature is preferably in a range from 10 to 80°C. The obtained organic fermentative bacterial fertilizer protects plants from disease or insect pest obstacle and can be effectively used for an organic farming method of vegetables where use of chemical substances is inhibited, or for farming in greenhouses. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic fermented fertilizer and a method for producing the same.

  In general, as an anti-phytopathogenic fertilizer that protects plants from damage caused by pathogenic bacteria and pests, microorganisms that have an antagonistic action against pathogenic bacteria or chemical substances are mixed with fertilizer ingredients, and fertilizer ingredients are treated with them. This technology is widely known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing an anti-phytopathogenic fungal swine manure by treating swine feces with a kind of actinomycetes, Streptomyces sp-CH-33, or a processed product thereof. This fertilizer is effective against potato scab and tomato wilt. However, the production of anti-phytopathogenic fertilizers containing these antagonists requires labor for searching for anti-pathogenic fungi or chemical substances themselves. In addition, the anti-pathogenic bacteria preparations that have been searched for are naturally limited in their effects on specific pathogenic bacteria and the types of effective pathogenic bacteria.

On the other hand, an anti-phytopathogenic fertilizer that contains a secretion solution or toxin of a phytopathogenic fungus as one of the components and is effective against the pathogenic bacterium is also known (Patent Document 2). For example, Patent Document 2 provides a fertilizer that contains secretions or toxins of five types of plant pathogens in addition to Verticillium albo-atrum and is effective against these pathogens. . However, with such a fertilizer, pathogenic bacteria must be identified for each plant disease, and the secretions and toxins thereof must be extracted, which is not easy to manufacture. In particular, it cannot respond immediately to the development of a complex disease caused by a new plant pathogen, its mutant strain, or multiple pathogens. Patent Document 1 includes many anti-pathogenic fungi, physiologically active substances, bacteria resistant to these anti-pathogenic fungi, and actinomycetes that are antagonistic to them, actinomycetes substrates, etc. The composition and production are complicated and lack practicality. In other words, in the fertilizer of Patent Document 2, when the types of anti-pathogenic fungi are increased in order to provide versatility, not only the other components and types are increased, but the production becomes difficult, and individual fertilizers are also produced. There is also a risk of reducing the effect on pathogenic bacteria.
Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-99203 Japanese Patent Publication No.57-10077

  The object of the present invention is to provide an organic fermentative fungal fertilizer having anti-pathogenic and / or pest control properties that solves the problems as described above.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple method for producing an organic fermented bacterial fertilizer having anti-pathogenic and / or pest control properties.

  The anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic fermented fungal fertilizer of the present invention that achieves the above object, and its production method are characterized by the following aspects.

  (Claim 1) A pathogen comprising a treated product of a diseased plant part infected with at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of a fungus that becomes a pathogen of the plant and a virus, and / or a pest treated product Anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic fermented fungal fertilizer that protects plants from diseases caused by and / or pest damage.

  (Claim 2) The diseased plant part and / or pest-treated product is at least one selected from the group consisting of crushed material, juice, extract, culture, and dried product thereof. fertilizer.

  (Claim 3) A treated product of a diseased plant part and / or a pest treated product infected with at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of a fungus and a virus causing a plant pathogen in a mixture comprising a medium and a fermenting fungus Anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic that protects plants from diseases caused by the pathogen and / or pest damage characterized by adding water and fermenting in the presence of nutrient sources A manufacturing method of fermented bacterial cell fertilizer.

  (Claim 4) The method according to claim 3, wherein the medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of rice bran, bran, sake lees, shochu, and soybean lees.

  (Claim 5) The method according to claim 3, wherein the fermenting bacteria is an effective microorganism group selected from indigenous bacteria.

  (Claim 6) The diseased plant part and / or the processed product of pests is at least one selected from the group consisting of crushed material, juice, extract, culture, and dried product thereof. The manufacturing method.

  (7) The process according to (3), wherein the nutrient source is at least one selected from the group consisting of molasses, chitosan and seaweed powder.

  The present invention has the following effects.

  (1) Instead of the direct addition of secretions and toxins of anti-phytopathogenic fungi, the diseased site treated product and / or pest treated product of the plant infected with the pathogenic fungus is included as one of the fertilizer compositions. The effect on diseases and / or pest damage is certain. In particular, it is not necessary to identify individual pathogens in the development of diseases caused by multiple pathogens. Moreover, in the case of a viral infection disease, it can immediately respond to the mutation of the virus. As shown in Test Examples 1 and 2, which will be described later, the onset of the disease need only be practically free from the use of pesticides.

  (2) It does not require complicated processing operations such as identification of phytopathogenic bacteria, extraction of secretions and toxins, etc. Even at the time of illness, the affected part of the plant and pests are collected and processed, and the processed product is fermented. You just need to let it. Therefore, the manufacturing method is very simple.

  (3) Since it does not contain chemical antibacterial agents, antagonists, and pesticides against plant pathogens, it is effective as a functional fertilizer in organic farming. It is particularly suitable for plant cultivation in an enclosed space such as house cultivation.

  Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the anti-pathogenic organic fermented fertilizer by this invention is explained in full detail. In the present invention, first, a mixture of a medium and a fermenting bacterium, a diseased plant part treatment product and / or a pest treatment infected with at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of a bacterium causing a plant pathogen and a virus. Add ingredients.

  As the medium, rice bran, bran, sake lees, shochu lees, etc., which are usually used for the production of fertilizers, are used alone or in combination. Preferably, 100% rice bran is used. As the fermenting bacteria, an effective microorganism group selected from indigenous bacteria is used. It is desirable that the microorganism group includes bacteria resistant to high and low temperatures.

  Next, the diseased plant part treatment product and the pest treatment product are mixed with the mixture of the medium and the fermenting bacteria. In the present invention, instead of directly adding a phytopathogenic fungus or virus (hereinafter referred to as “phytopathogenic fungus” or the like), a diseased plant treated product and / or pest treated product infected with them is added. It is not necessary to specify or limit pathogenic bacteria or pests. Representative pathogenic bacteria include tomato yellow leaf curl disease, cucumber yellowing disease, other viral diseases such as zucchini, peppers and eggplants, insect pests caused by sugar beetles, leafhoppers, and powdery lice. The diseased plant part treated product or pest treated product committed by these pathogens and the like can include crushed products, juices, extracts, cultures, and dried products thereof. Actually, a diseased plant part infected with pathogenic bacteria is collected, crushed by a mixer, and the obtained solid liquid is added as it is. In order to obtain a high-concentration product, the extract, juice, etc. can be dried and added to a powder, but in the present invention, fermented after addition of the diseased plant part treatment product, It's not enough to get rid of.

  What is characteristic in the present invention is that a diseased plant part treatment product or a pest treatment product is added to a medium before fermentation and a fermentation cell mixture, and these treatment products are incorporated into the fermentation cell together with a nutrient source. As a result, the mechanism of action is not necessarily clear, but antibodies with the diseased plant part treatment product or pest treatment product as an antigen remain dispersed in the organic fermented cell fertilizer and remain in the plant disease corresponding to the treatment product. It is estimated that it may be effective for pest damage.

  Finally, after mixing the diseased plant site-treated product with phytopathogenic fungi, etc., water adjustment suitable for fermentation is performed, and then fermented in the presence of a nutrient source to obtain an anti-pathogenic organic fermented fertilizer. The moisture is preferably 30 to 40%. The moisture may be adjusted with a culture medium or a processed product, but it is desirable to finally adjust the moisture at the stage of mixing the culture medium, fermenting bacteria, and processed product. As a nutrient source, molasses, chitosan, seaweed powder and the like can be used as in the case of fermentation by a conventional method. Fermentation may be at normal temperature or under heating, but is preferably in the range of 10 to 80 ° C.

  The bulk of the anti-pathogenic organic fermented cell fertilizer powder of the present invention obtained in this way consists mostly of cells, and even if it is a fertilizer, it contains almost no fertilizing components. Therefore, plant physiologically active substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, vitamins, hormones, etc., or fertilizer components used in ordinary fertilizers can be added and mixed as appropriate.

  2.5 kg of fermented cells and 20 kg of rice bran were mixed. Separately, an appropriate amount of water was added to 5 kg of the tomato yellow cigar portion and crushed to prepare a disease treatment solution. Water was adjusted so that the water content was 35% by mixing fermentative bacteria consisting of indigenous bacteria, rice bran, and the disease treatment solution. To this, 1 kg of molasses and 1 liter of chitosan were added and fermented naturally with stirring for 5 days. Stirring and heating fermentation was performed at 70 ° C. for 5 days at the stage where the bacteria propagated and spread on the entire upper surface. Next, the mixture was dried with stirring for 3 days until moisture was removed to obtain an organic fermented cell fertilizer powder for anti-tomato yellow leaf curl disease.

(Comparative Example 1)
An organic fermented cell fertilizer powder was obtained by the same method as in Example 1 except that it did not contain a disease treatment solution consisting of a yellowed cigar portion of tomato.

(Control 1)
Agricultural water was prepared that contained neither disease treatment liquid ingredients nor organic fermented cell fertilizer.

  An organic fermented cell fertilizer powder for anti-cucumber yellowing was obtained by the same method as in Example 1 except that the hypoxia portion of cucumber was used as the disease treatment solution.

(Comparative Example 2)
An organic fermented cell fertilizer powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that it did not contain the disease treatment solution consisting of the yellowing portion of cucumber.

(Control 2)
Agricultural water was prepared that contained neither disease treatment liquid ingredients nor organic fermented cell fertilizer.

  By using the same method as in Example 1 except that tomato, cucumber, and zucchini virus infection sites were used as the disease treatment solution raw material, an organic fermented fermented fertilizer powder for anti-virus was obtained.

(Comparative Example 3)
An organic fermented bacterial cell fertilizer bulk powder was obtained by the same method as in Example 3 except that it did not contain a disease treatment solution consisting of virus-infected sites of tomato, cucumber and zucchini.

(Control 3)
Agricultural water was prepared that contained neither disease treatment liquid ingredients nor organic fermented cell fertilizer.

  An organic fermented cell fertilizer powder for insect control was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that sugar beet, leaf leaf fly, and powdered lice were used as the disease treatment raw material.

(Comparative Example 4)
An organic fermented fungal fertilizer powder was obtained by the same method as in Example 4 except that it did not contain sugar beetle, leaf moly fly, and powder lice.

(Control 4)
Agricultural water was prepared that contained neither disease treatment liquid ingredients nor organic fermented cell fertilizer.

  An organic fermented cell fertilizer powder for insect control was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that sugar beet, leaf leaf fly, and powdered lice were used as raw materials for disease treatment.

(Comparative Example 5)
An organic fermented bacterial cell fertilizer bulk powder was obtained by the same method as in Example 5 except that it did not contain sugar beetle, leaf moly fly, and powder lice.

(Control 5)
Agricultural water was prepared that contained neither disease treatment liquid ingredients nor organic fermented cell fertilizer.

(Test Example 1)
The test plots shown in Table 1 were provided for Examples 1, 2, and 3, Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, and Control Examples 1, 2, and 3. The planting was a house, each 10a. Each of the organic fermented cell fertilizer powders of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Examples was diluted about 1000 times with water to obtain a culture solution. For each test group shown in Table 1, a solution obtained by further diluting the culture solution three times was sprayed from the leaf surface to the entire root area at the seedling stage and watered. Spraying was performed manually once a day for 5 days. At the stage where the roots of the plants moved and started to grow, power irrigation was performed once every three days, and in parallel, foliar spraying with a sprayer was performed once every five days. This irrigation and foliar application were continued for 1 month. From one month after planting until harvest, power irrigation and foliar spraying were performed once a week. In the control example, only irrigation water was similarly irrigated and foliar sprayed. The disease state of each plant was visually observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Experimental example 2)
Each test section shown in Table 2 was provided for Example 4, Comparative Example 4, Control Example 4 and Example 5. The planting was a house, each 10a. Irrigation and foliar application to each test area were performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The disease state of each plant was observed visually. The results are shown in Table 2.

注：
○…虫害数％以内。（農薬不要、収穫に影響なし。）
△…虫害１０〜３０％未満。（若干の農薬併用なしでは、収穫に影響あり。）
×…虫害３０％以上（農薬なしでは収穫に不可。）

note:
○: Within several percent of insect damage. (No pesticides required, no impact on harvest)
Δ: Less than 10 to 30% of insect damage. (If some pesticides are not used, harvest will be affected.)
× ... 30% or more insect damage (cannot be harvested without pesticides)

  From the above results, if an organic fermented fungal fertilizer containing a diseased plant part treatment product obtained by the method of the present invention is used, the corresponding disease, suppression of virus infection, prevention effect of pest damage, or repellent effect is remarkable. Admitted.

  In order to effectively protect plants from pathogenic bacteria, the present invention provides fertilizers not only for general vegetable farmers, but also for organic farmers who cannot perform antibacterial and insecticidal treatment with chemicals such as organic farming, especially in house horticulturists that are sealed. It can be used simply and effectively for some time. In addition, by simplifying the production of anti-phytopathogenic fertilizers, the availability of manufacturers of this type of fertilizer is high.

Claims (7)

A disease caused by the pathogen, characterized by comprising a processed product of a diseased plant part infected with at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of a fungus that causes the plant and a virus, and / or a processed pest; Anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic fermented fungal fertilizer that protects plants from the pest damage. The fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the diseased plant part and / or the pest-treated product is at least one selected from the group consisting of a crushed product, a juice, an extract, a culture, and a dried product thereof. A mixture of a medium and a fermenting bacterium is added with a treated product and / or a pest-treated product of a diseased plant part infected with at least one pathogen selected from the group consisting of a bacterium and a virus that cause the plant. An anti-pathogenic and / or pest control organic fermented fungal fertilizer that protects plants from diseases caused by the pathogen and / or pest damage characterized by being fermented in the presence of nutrient sources after adjustment Manufacturing method. The process according to claim 3, wherein the medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of rice bran, bran, sake lees, shochu, and soybean lees. The process according to claim 3, wherein the fermenting bacteria is an effective microorganism group selected from indigenous bacteria. The process according to claim 3, wherein the diseased plant part and / or the processed product of the pest is at least one selected from the group consisting of a crushed product, a juice, an extract, a culture, and a dried product thereof. The process according to claim 3, wherein the nutrient source is at least one selected from the group consisting of molasses, chitosan and seaweed powder.