JP2008531060A - 相補性決定残基の合理的改変を介して免疫グロブリン可変領域をヒト化する方法 - Google Patents
相補性決定残基の合理的改変を介して免疫グロブリン可変領域をヒト化する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K2317/55—Fab or Fab'
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
- C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
- C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
Abstract
Description
本出願は、米国仮特許出願第60/658,987号(2005年3月4日出願)の優先権を主張し、その内容は本明細書によってその全体が参考として援用される。
抗体は、病原体から身体を保護する際に重大な役割を果たす天然に存在する生物学的物質である。抗体は、一般に、免疫グロブリンとも呼ばれ、4つのポリペプチド:互いに同一である2つの長いポリペプチド(「重鎖」)および互いに同一である2つの短いポリペプチド(「軽鎖」)を含む。重鎖は、ジスルフィド結合によって軽鎖と対を成し、2本の重鎖は、同様に互いに結合して、4量体の構造を形成する。さらに、重鎖および軽鎖は、各々、可変ドメインおよび1個以上の定常領域を含む:重鎖は、1個の可変ドメイン(VH)に続いて、3個の定常領域(CH1、CH2およびCH3)を含み、軽鎖は、1個の可変ドメイン(VL)に続いて単一の定常領域(CL)を含む。
本発明は、非ヒトドナー抗体アミノ酸(例えば、CDR残基および/または隣接するFR残基)の戦略的な改変を行うことによって、抗体をヒト化することができるという発見に少なくとも部分的に基づく。このような改変は、ドナー抗体CDRとCDR移植抗体の可変ドメインを含むヒトアクセプター抗体フレームワーク領域との間の3次元構造の適合を調節する。ヒト化の従来技術の方法は、フレームワーク置換を行うこと(選択されたヒトフレームワーク残基が非ヒトドナー抗体に存在する対応するアミノ酸残基に逆変異すること)に依存してきたが、本発明は、ドナー抗体とアクセプター抗体との間のFRアミノ酸配列の差異を調節するために、選択された可変領域残基(例えば、CDR残基および必要に応じて隣接するFR残基)を変化させるという抗体をヒト化する新規の方法に少なくとも部分的に基づく。FR領域ではなく、免疫グロブリン可変領域のCDR領域を変化させることに注目することによって、そのような可変領域を含むポリペプチドに対する被験体による免疫応答が、最小限になり得る。1つの実施形態において、このような改変によって、完全にヒトFR領域を含むヒト化抗体が生じ、これは、改変していないCDRと比較して免疫原性が低い。
(a)アクセプターIg可変領域とドナーIg可変領域との間で異なるフレームワーク領域(FR)アミノ酸を同定する工程;
(b)工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸に隣接するアミノ酸を同定する工程;
(c)工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸を高次構造的に調節する、選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するために工程(b)で同定されたアミノ酸から少なくとも1つの候補アミノ酸を同定する工程
を含む。
(i)候補FRアミノ酸残基は、ドナーIg可変領域のCDRアミノ酸残基に直接隣接しているか;または
(ii)候補FRアミノ酸残基は、そのファンデルワールス表面が、3D免疫グロブリンモデルにおけるドナーIg可変領域のCDRアミノ酸残基の約4Å内である側鎖原子を有すると予測され、そしてヒト化Ig鎖の少なくとも1つの可変領域CDRアミノ酸残基と相互作用すると予測される。
本発明は、免疫グロブリン可変領域のヒト化のための新規の方法の発見に基づく。本明細書中で説明されるように、ドナー抗体可変領域アミノ酸残基(例えば、CDRアミノ酸残基および/またはフレームワークアミノ酸残基)の戦略的な改変は、ドナー抗体CDRとCDR移植抗体の可変ドメインを含むアクセプター抗体フレームワークドメインとの間の3D構造の適合を調節するために使用され得る。このような改変の効果は、免疫原性が低いヒト化抗体を得ることである。本発明はまた、これらの新規の方法を使用して作製された抗原結合分子およびそれらの使用の方法に関する。
(I.定義)
本明細書中で使用されるとき、用語「免疫グロブリン」または「Ig」とは、免疫グロブリン遺伝子によってコードされるか、または実質的にコードされる1個以上のポリペプチドからなるタンパク質のことをいう。認められている免疫グロブリン遺伝子としては、カッパー、ラムダ、アルファ、ガンマ、デルタ、イプシロンおよびミュー定常領域遺伝子ならびに無数の免疫グロブリン可変領域遺伝子が挙げられる。免疫グロブリンは、抗体に加えて、種々の形態で存在し得る;それらとしては、例えば、Fv、Fabおよび(Fab’)2ならびに二機能性のハイブリッド抗体(例えば、Lanzavecchia et al.,Eur.J.Immunol.17,105(1987))および一本鎖の形態(例えば、Huston,et al.,Proc.Nat.Acad.Sci U.S.A.,85,5879−5883(1988)およびBird,et al.,Science,242,423−426(1988)(本明細書中で参考として援用される))が挙げられる。(一般に、Hood,et al.,“Immunology”,Benjamin,N.Y.,2nded.(1984)およびHunkapiller and Hood,Nature,323,15−16(1986)(本明細書中で参考として援用される)を参照のこと)。本明細書中で使用されるとき、用語「免疫グロブリン(Ig)鎖」は、FRおよびCDRを含み、そして少なくとも分子へ抗原結合するIg鎖のアミノ末端部分である「Ig可変領域」を含み、必要に応じて、その鎖またはその鎖を含む抗体のエフェクター機能を制御する1個以上の「定常領域」を含む。1つの実施形態において、軽鎖は、VLドメインおよびCLドメインを含み、Ig重鎖は、VHドメイン、CH1ドメイン、CH2ドメインおよびCH3ドメインを含む。
2残基番号は、Chothia et al.,前出の命名法に従う
3残基番号は、MacCallum et al.,前出の命名法に従う
本明細書中で使用されるとき、用語「可変領域フレームワーク(FR)アミノ酸残基」または「フレームワーク残基」とは、Ig鎖のフレームワーク領域におけるそれらのアミノ酸のことをいう。用語「フレームワーク領域」または「FR領域」は、本明細書中で使用されるとき、可変領域の一部であるが、CDRの一部でない(例えば、CDRのKabat定義を使用して)アミノ酸残基を含む。従って、可変領域フレームワークは、約100〜120アミノ酸長であるが、CDRを除いたアミノ酸だけのことをいうと意図される。重鎖可変領域の特定の例について、そしてKabat et alによって定義されるようなCDRについて、フレームワーク領域1は、アミノ酸1〜30を包含する可変領域のドメインに対応し;領域2は、アミノ酸36〜49を包含する可変領域のドメインに対応し;領域3は、アミノ酸66〜94を包含する可変領域のドメインに対応し、そして領域4は、アミノ酸103から可変領域の最後までの可変領域のドメインに対応する。軽鎖についてのフレームワーク領域は、軽鎖可変領域CDRの各々によって同様に分離される。同様に、Chothia et al.またはMcCallum et al.によるCDRの定義を使用して、フレームワーク領域の境界は、上記のようなそれぞれのCDR末端で分離される。
本発明の方法は、単離された形態に存在するか、またはIg鎖、抗体、抗体の改変型またはそれらの抗原結合フラグメントに存在するか否かに関係なく、免疫グロブリン可変領域において実施され得る。ヒト化のための本免疫グロブリン可変領域は、ドナー抗体から得られるCDR配列およびアクセプター抗体から得られるFR配列を含むキメラである。ヒト化のためのキメラ分子は、本発明の方法を実施するために合成される必要はないことが理解されるだろう。例えば、1つの実施形態において、ドナーIg可変領域およびアクセプターIg可変領域が、同定され得、改変のための候補ドナーCDR残基が、例えば、3Dモデリングまたはデータベース選択に基づいて選択され得、そしてその分子のヒト化型が、ドナー、アクセプターまたは出発キメラ抗体を作製せずに、必要に応じて合成され得る。
ドナーIg可変領域配列は、当該分野で公知の抗体または当該分野で認められたプロトコールの多くの技術のいずれかを使用して作製され得る抗体に由来し得る。例えば、ドナー抗体は、関連抗原(例えば、精製された腫瘍関連抗原またはそのような抗原を含む細胞もしくは細胞抽出物)およびアジュバントの複数回の皮下または腹腔内注入によって、哺乳動物(例えば、非ヒト哺乳動物)において惹起され得る。この免疫は、代表的には、活性化された脾細胞またはリンパ球からの抗原反応性抗体の産生を含む免疫応答を誘発する。
代表的には、ドナーIg可変領域配列は、その配列を含む抗体が結合する標的抗原に基づいて選択される。1つの実施形態において、ドナーIg可変領域配列は、例えば、組織または循環から低減または除去するために標的化された抗原に対する特異性に基づいて選択される。1つの実施形態において、ドナーIg可変領域配列は、標的分子の存在を検出するために使用され得る抗原に対する特異性に基づいて選択される(例えば、混入を検出するためまたは状態もしくは障害を診断するため)。なおも別の実施形態において、ドナーIg可変領域配列は、被験体における特定の細胞タイプ(例えば、腫瘍細胞または血餅)に対する特異性に基づいて選択される。
MDCRKMARFSYSVIWIMAISKVFELGLVAGLGHQEFARPSRGYLAFRDDSIWPQEEPAIRPRSSQRVPPMGIQHSKELNRTCCLNGGTCMLGSFCACPPSFYGRNCEHDVRKENCGSVPHDTWLPKKCSLCKCWHGQLRCFPQAFLPGCDGLVMDEHLVASRTPELPPSARTTTFMLVGICLSIQSYY
CR−3についての188アミノ酸配列は、以下(配列番号2)のとおりである:
MDCRKMVRFSYSVIWIMAISKAFELGLVAGLGHQEFARPSRGDLAFRDDSIWPQEEPAIRPRSSQRVLPMGIQHSKELNRTCCLNGGTCMLESFCACPPSFYGRNCEHDVRKENCGSVPHDTWLPKKCSLCKCWHGQLRCFPQAFLPGCDGLVMDEHLVASRTPELPPSARTTTFMLAGICLSIQSYY
特定の実施形態において、本発明の方法によって最適化された抗Cripto抗体CDRは、B3F6.17抗Cripto抗体(ATCCアクセッション番号PTA−3319)のCDRである。抗Cripto抗体の発現および精製は、PCT/US2002/011950、5,792616、5,256,643およびUS20040146940に詳細に記載されている。これらの全体の内容が、本明細書中に参考として援用される。他の実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチドは、B3F6抗体と同じエピトープに結合する。なおも他の実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチドは、抗CRIPTO−I抗体、例えば、B3F6抗体由来の少なくとも1つのCDRを含む。
上で説明したように、アクセプターIg可変領域配列は、天然に存在する抗体から得る必要はない。ヒト抗体Ig可変領域配列が選択され得るが、他の配列、例えば、コンセンサス配列、生殖細胞系列配列およびアミノ酸改変を含むヒト配列が選択されてもよい。
本明細書中に記載される新規のヒト化アプローチにおいて、以下の基本工程が、ヒト化抗体可変ドメインを構築するためにとられる:
1.上で説明されたように、ドナー抗体可変ドメインの公知の配列に基づいて、アクセプター可変ドメインを選択する工程。
2.ドナー抗体可変ドメインのX線構造または構造モデルに基づいて、有望な移植抗体におけるCDRの高次構造に影響を及ぼす可能性のあるフレームワークにおける残基の差異を同定する工程。
3.鋳型としてドナーCDRを使用して、CDR高次構造に影響を及ぼさずに、フレームワークにおける残基の差異を調節する新規CDR配列を設計する工程。
すべての重要な残基がドナーフレームワークと同一であるアクセプターフレームワークが、同定され得ない場合、その差異の一覧が作成される。重要な残基において最も少ない差異を有する配列が必ずしも最良のアクセプター候補ではないので、複数のアクセプターフレームワークを考えることが重要である。例えば、最も類似する配列が、1つの差異を有する場合(例えば、ドナーにおいてはALA残基が、アクセプターにおいては、電荷の差異に関与するARG残基である場合)、その配列は、2つの差異を有するアクセプター配列よりもより適当でない候補であり得る(例えば、それぞれ、LEUおよびSERに対してILEおよびALA)。
重要なフレームワーク残基の差異(本明細書中で「柔軟な領域」残基とも呼ばれる)の一覧を使用して、1つの実施形態において、すべてではないが、ほとんどのアクセプターフレームワーク残基を維持しながら、CDRがドナー抗体において有するもとの高次構造を保存する新規の配列が、設計される。
ドナーCDR内に入る所望の変異に達すると、当業者は、変異を含むヒト化抗体を作製する種々の利用可能な方法のいずれかを使用することができる。
1つの実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチド、例えば、ヒト化Ig可変領域および/またはヒト化Ig可変領域を含むポリペプチドは、組換え方法によって作製され得る。例えば、ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド配列は、組換え発現に適した発現ベクターに挿入され得る。ポリペプチドが、抗体である場合、必要に応じて定常領域に連結されているさらなる軽鎖可変領域および重鎖可変領域をコードするポリヌクレオチドは、同じかまたは異なる発現ベクターに挿入され得る。親和性タグ配列(例えば、His(6)タグ)は、必要に応じてポリペプチド配列内に連結されているか、または含まれていてもよく、それによって後の精製が促進される。免疫グロブリン鎖をコードするDNAセグメントは、免疫グロブリンポリペプチドを確実に発現するために、発現ベクター内の調節配列に作動可能に連結される。発現調節配列としては、プロモーター(例えば、天然に関連するか、または異種性のプロモーター)、シグナル配列、エンハンサーエレメントおよび転写終結配列が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。好ましくは、発現調節配列は、真核生物の宿主細胞を形質転換またはトランスフェクトすることができるベクター内の真核生物のプロモーター系である。一旦、ベクターが適切な宿主に取り込まれると、その宿主は、ヌクレオチド配列の高レベルな発現ならびにポリペプチドの回収および精製に適した条件下で維持される。
好ましくは、本明細書中に記載されるヒト化方法により、ドナー抗体と比較して、抗原に対する親和性が実質的に変化しないIg可変領域が得られる。
親和性の測定が、必ずしも1桁の数で見られるほど単純でないことを当業者は認識しているだろう。抗体は、2本の腕を有するので、抗体の見かけの親和性は、通常、可変領域と抗原との間の内因性の親和性よりも高い(このことは、結合活性に起因すると考えられている)。内因性親和性は、scFvフラグメントまたはFabフラグメントを使用して測定され得る。
ヒト化Ig可変領域を含むポリペプチドは、所望の効果を機能付与され得る。例えば、特定の実施形態において、ポリペプチドは、ポリペプチドの付加部分、例えば、機能的部分(例えば、ペグ化部分、ブロッキング部分、検出可能部分、診断的部分および/または治療的部分、これらは、所望の機能を改善するために作用する(例えば、治療的な有効性))に結合体化(すなわち、物理的に連結)することによって(例えば、化学的または遺伝的手段によって)改変され得る。化学的な結合体化は、ポリペプチド内の特定の残基の無作為または部位特異的な改変によって実施され得る。例示的な機能的部分が、まず以下に記載され、続いて、このような機能的部分をポリペプチドの異なるアミノ酸側鎖化学に連結するために有用な化学が記載される。
有用な機能的部分の例としては、ペグ化部分、ブロッキング部分、検出可能部分、診断的部分および治療的部分が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
特定のアミノ酸側鎖に前述の機能的部分(小分子、核酸、ポリマー、ペプチド、タンパク質、化学療法剤または分子の他のタイプを含む)を結合するための化学は、当該分野で公知である(特定のリンカーの詳細な概説については、例えば、Hermanson,G.T.,Bioconjugate Techniques,Academic Press(1996)を参照のこと)。
本発明は、ヒト化可変ドメインまたはそのようなドメインを含むポリペプチド(例えば、抗体または融合タンパク質)が、抗原に結合するとき、その結合が、所望の反応を誘発する場合、一般的な有用性を有する。エフェクター媒介性応答の1つの例は、障害の根本的な原因の低減(例えば、免疫または炎症性応答に関与する腫瘍細胞または抗原を有する細胞の除去)である。別の実施形態において、障害の1つ以上の症状は、低減され得る。別の実施形態において、本明細書中に記載される組成物は、診断試薬におけるエフェクター媒介性応答を変化させるために使用され得る(例えば、腫瘍の像を得るために使用される抗体)。本明細書中に記載される方法は、障害を発症する危険性のある被験体または現在、障害の症状を呈している被験体を処置するために使用され得る
(A.抗腫瘍治療)
従って、特定の実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチドは、癌の予防または処置に有用である。1つの実施形態において、ポリペプチドは、オートクラインまたはパラクリン増大を阻害する(例えば、シグナルを伝達せずにレセプターに結合することまたは成長因子に結合することによって)。好ましい実施形態において、ポリペプチドは、腫瘍関連抗原に結合することができる。
腫瘍性障害に加えて、本発明のポリペプチドは、自己免疫障害または異常な免疫応答の処置に特に有効である。この点に関して、本発明のポリペプチドが、外部の抗原と自己抗原の両方に対する望まれない免疫応答を制御、抑制、調節または除去するために使用され得ることが理解される。例えば、1つの実施形態において、抗原は、自己抗原である。別の実施形態において、抗原は、アレルゲン(allergan)である。なおも他の実施形態において、抗原は、同種抗原または異種抗原である。同種抗原および異種抗原に対する免疫応答を低下させるための開示される改変ポリペプチドの使用は、移植において、例えば、ドナー移植片、例えば、組織または器官移植片または骨髄移植の、移植レシピエントによる拒絶を阻害するために特に使用される。さらに、骨髄移植片中のドナーT細胞の抑制または除去は、移植片対宿主病を阻止するために有用である。
(C.抗炎症性治療)
なおも他の実施形態において、本発明のポリペプチドは、炎症、例えば、血流の増加、浮腫、免疫細胞の活性化(例えば、増殖、サイトカイン産生または食作用の増大)によって、少なくとも部分的に引き起こされるか、または悪化する炎症性障害を処置するために使用され得る。例示的な炎症性障害としては、炎症または炎症性因子(例えば、マトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ(MMP)、一酸化窒素(NO)、TNF、インターロイキン、血漿タンパク質、細胞の防御系、サイトカイン、脂質代謝産物、プロテアーゼ、有毒なラジカル、ミトコンドリア、アポトーシス、接着分子など)が、所与の範囲または組織に関与するか、または異常な量、例えば、変化するのに有利であり得る量、例えば、被験体に有益であり得る量で存在する障害が挙げられる。炎症性プロセスは、損傷に対する生組織の応答である。炎症の原因は、物理的な損傷、化学物質、微生物、組織ネクローシス、癌または他の物質に起因し得る。急性炎症は、短期間型であり、数日継続するだけである。しかしながら、炎症が長期間継続する場合は、慢性炎症と呼ばれることがある。
本発明のポリペプチドは、予防的および/または治療的な処置のために、非経口(startingeral)、局所的、静脈内、経口、動脈内、頭蓋内、腹腔内または鼻腔内への手段によって投与され得る。用語非経口としては、本明細書中で使用されるとき、静脈内、動脈内、腹腔内、筋肉内、皮下、直腸または膣への投与が挙げられる。タンパク質薬物の投与の最も代表的な経路は、静脈内、皮下または筋肉内であるが、他の経路も有効であり得る。いくつかの方法において、薬剤は、沈着物が蓄積される特定の組織に直接注入、例えば、頭蓋内注入される。いくつかの方法において、抗体は、徐放組成物としてか、またはMedipad(商標)デバイスなどのデバイスとして投与される。タンパク質薬物はまた、例えば、乾燥粉末吸入デバイスを使用して、気道を介して投与され得る。
疾患または障害に罹患している被験体の処置は、標準的な方法を使用してモニタリングされ得る。いくつかの方法は、薬剤を投与する前に、被験体におけるベースライン値、例えば、抗体レベルのベースライン値またはプロファイルを測定する工程、およびそれらと処置後のプロファイルまたはレベルの値とを比較する工程を含む。レベルまたはプロファイルの値の有意な増加(すなわち、そのような測定値の平均値から標準偏差1で表される、同じサンプルの測定の繰り返しにおける実験誤差の代表的な限度を超える増加)は、処置の結果が陽性であることを示す(すなわち、その薬剤の投与が所望の応答を達成した)。免疫応答についての値が、有意に変化しないか、または有意に減少する場合、処置の結果が陰性であることを示す。
本発明のポリペプチドは、必要に応じて、(例えば、予防的または治療的な)処置を必要とする障害または状態を処置する際に有効であると知られているか、または判定された他の薬剤(前出のVIII節の任意の薬剤を含む)と併用して投与されてもよい。さらに、本発明のポリペプチドは、ポリペプチド(polyeptide)、例えば、(例えば、PEG、タグ、薬物または標識)に官能性を付加する部分と結合体化され得る。
本発明の治療的な組成物は、本明細書中に記載されている方法によって作製されたポリペプチドの少なくとも1つを薬学的に許容可能なキャリア中に含む。「薬学的に許容可能なキャリア」とは、活性成分の投与に通常使用される薬学的調製物の少なくとも1つの成分のことをいう。同様に、キャリアは、当該分野で使用される任意の薬学的賦形剤および投与用のビヒクルの任意の形態を含み得る。組成物は、例えば、注射可能な溶液、水性懸濁液または溶液、水性でない懸濁液または溶液、固体および液体の経口処方物、軟膏(salve)、ゲル、軟膏(ointment)、皮内パッチ、クリーム、ローション、錠剤、カプセル、徐放性処方物などであり得る。さらなる賦形剤としては、例えば、着色料、味覚マスキング剤、溶解促進剤、懸濁剤、圧迫剤、腸溶コーティング、徐放促進剤などが挙げられ得る。
B3F6のVL鎖をヒト化するために、フレームワーク配列gi−21669417(BAC01733)をアクセプターとして選択した。
マウスHP1/2のVHドメイン(配列番号19)をヒト化するために、ヒト生殖細胞系フレームワークIGHV−1f(配列番号20)を、アクセプターとして選択した。マウスHP1/2のFabフラグメントのX線構造のコンピュータによる解析から判断されるとき、マウスHP1/2抗体は、CDR−H1の残基F27、T32およびCDR−H1のM34、CDR−H3のM96ならびにFR1のA24と相互作用する特異な正準的な残基D94(Kabat番号)を有する。
VL CDR移植と対を成した実施例2の様々なVHヒト化改変体のHP1/2Fabフラグメントを発現し、そして精製されたα4/β1VLA4インテグリンに対するそれらの結合親和性をマウスのVHおよびVLドメインを有するキメラFabとのELISA結合アッセイにおいて比較した。
当業者にとっては、単なる慣習的な実験法を使用することにより、本明細書中に記載された本発明の特定の実施形態に対する多くの等価物が得られる。そのような等価物は、以下の特許請求の範囲によって包含されると意図される。
Claims (49)
- a)アクセプターIg可変領域由来の可変領域フレームワーク(FR)アミノ酸残基およびb)非ヒトドナーIg可変領域由来の相補性決定領域(CDR)を含む免疫グロブリン(Ig)可変領域をヒト化する方法であって、該方法は、
i)少なくとも1つのCDRの3次元高次構造の予測を可能にするデータを提供する工程;
ii)FRアミノ酸残基が、該少なくとも1つのCDRの3次元高次構造に影響を及ぼすと予測されると同定する工程;
iii)選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するための少なくとも1つの候補ドナーCDRアミノ酸残基を同定する工程であって、ここで、該選ばれたアミノ酸残基は、該CDR高次構造に影響を及ぼさずに、ドナーIg可変領域とアクセプターIg可変領域との間のFRアミノ酸残基の差異を高次構造的に調節する工程;および
iv)該選ばれたアミノ酸残基で該少なくとも1つの候補ドナーCDRアミノ酸残基を置換することにより、ヒト化Ig可変領域を形成する工程
を含む、方法。 - 工程(iii)が、第2の選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するための少なくとも1つの候補アクセプターFR残基を同定する工程をさらに含み、ここで、該第2の選ばれたアミノ酸残基は、CDR高次構造に影響を及ぼさずに、前記ドナーIg可変領域と前記アクセプターIg可変領域との間のFRアミノ酸残基の差異を高次構造的に調節する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(iv)が、前記第2の選ばれたアミノ酸残基で前記少なくとも1つの候補アクセプターFR残基を置換する工程をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 工程(i)が、非ヒトドナーIg可変領域の3次元(3D)構造を評価する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(i)が、前記非ヒトドナーIg可変領域のX線回折データを評価する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(i)が、前記非ヒトドナーIg可変領域のコンピュータで生成されたモデルを評価する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- a)アクセプターIg可変領域由来の可変フレームワーク領域(FR)およびb)非ヒトドナーIg可変領域由来の相補性決定領域(CDR)を含むヒト化Ig可変領域を設計する方法であって、該方法は、
(a)前記アクセプターIg可変領域と前記ドナーIg可変領域との間で異なるフレームワーク領域(FR)アミノ酸を同定する工程;
(b)工程(a)で同定された該FRアミノ酸に隣接するアミノ酸を同定する工程;
(c)工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸を高次構造的に調節する選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するために、工程(b)で同定されたアミノ酸由来の少なくとも1つの候補アミノ酸を同定する工程
を含む、方法。 - 工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸が、正準的なFR残基である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)で同定されたアミノ酸が、工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸に直接隣接している、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 工程(b)で同定されたアミノ酸が、工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸から3D空間で約4Å内である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基が、側鎖再パッキングによって同定される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基が、可能性のあるすべてのアミノ酸の、可能性のあるすべてのロータマーから選択される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基が、可能性のあるすべてのアミノ酸の、可能性のあるすべてのロータマーの一部から選択される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基が、工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸と同じFRアミノ酸を有する相同な抗体可変領域配列のセット内の候補アミノ酸の位置で最もよく存在するアミノ酸として同定される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記一部が、工程(a)で同定されたFRアミノ酸と同じFRアミノ酸を有する相同な抗体可変領域配列のセット内の候補アミノ酸の位置で通常存在するアミノ酸の可能性のあるすべてのロータマーを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記候補アミノ酸の位置で前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基を置換する工程をさらに含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- ヒト化Ig可変領域を設計する方法であって、該方法は、
a)非ヒトドナーIg可変領域を選択する工程;
b)アクセプターIg可変領域を選択する工程;
c)選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するための該ドナーIg可変領域における少なくとも1つの候補CDRアミノ酸残基を同定する工程
を含み、ここで:
(i)該候補CDRアミノ酸残基は、該アクセプターIg可変領域のFRアミノ酸残基に直接隣接しているか;または
(ii)該候補CDRアミノ酸残基は、そのファンデルワールス表面が、3D免疫グロブリンモデルにおける該アクセプターIg可変領域のFRアミノ酸残基の約4Å内である側鎖原子を有すると予測され、そして該ヒト化Ig鎖の少なくとも1つの可変領域FRアミノ酸残基と相互作用すると予測される、
方法。 - 工程c)が、第2の選ばれたアミノ酸残基で置換するために前記アクセプターIg可変領域内の少なくとも1つの候補FRアミノ酸残基を同定する工程をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法であって、ここで:
(i)該候補FRアミノ酸残基は、該ドナーIg可変領域のCDRアミノ酸残基に直接隣接しているか;または
(ii)該候補FRアミノ酸残基は、そのファンデルワールス表面が、3D免疫グロブリンモデルにおける該ドナーIg可変領域のCDRアミノ酸残基の約4Å内である側鎖原子を有すると予測され、そして該ヒト化Ig鎖の少なくとも1つの可変領域CDRアミノ酸残基と相互作用すると予測される、
方法。 - 前記候補CDRアミノ酸残基の位置において前記選ばれたアミノ酸残基を置換する工程をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記候補FRアミノ酸残基の位置において前記第2の選ばれたアミノ酸残基を置換する工程をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、無処置の抗体分子内に存在する、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、抗体分子のフラグメント内に存在する、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、抗体、抗体軽鎖(VL)、抗体重鎖(VH)、一本鎖抗体(scFv)、F(ab’)2フラグメント、Fabフラグメント、Fdフラグメントおよび単一ドメインフラグメントからなる群から選択される分子内に存在する、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、軽鎖可変領域である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、重鎖可変領域である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域が、少なくとも1つの可変領域FRアミノ酸置換を含む、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクセプターIg可変領域が、ヒト抗体由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクセプターIg可変領域が、ヒトコンセンサス配列由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクセプターIg可変領域が、ヒト生殖細胞系配列由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、少なくとも1回繰り返される、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、インシリコで実施される、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒト化Ig可変領域を含むポリペプチドを発現する工程をさらに含む、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリペプチドが、無細胞性抽出物発現系、ファージディスプレイ発現系、原核細胞発現系および真核細胞発現系からなる群から選択される発現系で発現される、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記非ヒトドナーIg可変領域が、マウス抗体由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記非ヒトドナーIg可変領域が、霊長類抗体由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法によって作製される前記ヒト化可変領域を含むポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む核酸分子。
- 請求項36に記載の核酸分子を含む宿主細胞。
- 請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法によって作製される前記ヒト化Ig可変領域を含むポリペプチド。
- 請求項38に記載のポリペプチドを含む薬学的組成物。
- ヒトの疾患または障害の治療または予防が達成されるような治療有効量の請求項38に記載の薬学的組成物を投与する工程を含む、該ヒトの障害または疾患を処置または予防するための方法。
- 抗体またはその結合フラグメントが発現される条件下で、請求項40に記載の宿主細胞を培養することによって産生される、抗体またはその結合フラグメント。
- 少なくとも1つのドナーIg可変領域が、抗VLA−4抗体、抗Cripto抗体、抗CD40L抗体および抗MCP抗体からなる群から選択される抗体由来である、請求項1、7または17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 配列番号22、配列番号23、配列番号24および配列番号25からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む、ヒト化Ig重鎖可変領域。
- 請求項43に記載のヒト化Ig重鎖可変領域を含む、抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント。
- 配列番号28のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域をさらに含む、請求項44に記載の抗体または抗原結合フラグメント。
- 請求項44または45に記載の抗体を含む薬学的組成物。
- ヒトの疾患または障害の治療または予防が達成されるような治療有効量の請求項46に記載の薬学的組成物を投与する工程を含む、該ヒトの障害または疾患を処置または予防するための方法。
- 前記ヒトの障害または疾患が、炎症性の疾患または障害である、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 配列番号19として示されるIg重鎖可変領域を含む、抗体またはその抗原結合フラグメント。
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EP (1) | EP1869084A2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN101171263A (ja) |
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JP2013530681A (ja) * | 2010-04-16 | 2013-08-01 | バイオジェン・アイデック・エムエイ・インコーポレイテッド | 抗vla−4抗体 |
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Also Published As
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CA2600929A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
US8349324B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 |
AU2006220709B2 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
WO2006096653A2 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
EP1869084A2 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
US20100093980A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
WO2006096653A3 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
AU2006220709A1 (en) | 2006-09-14 |
US20060258852A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
US7678371B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 |
CN101171263A (zh) | 2008-04-30 |
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