JP2008504987A - Viscous material and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of minimizing a reaction between a plurality of reactive chemical substances, adding a first chemical substance, adding a first barrier layer, and laminating the first barrier layer on the first chemical substance. Then, a second chemical is added, the second chemical is deposited on the first barrier layer, then a second barrier layer is added, and the second barrier layer is added to the second chemical layer. Laminating over the material, then adding further chemicals, laminating the further chemicals over the second barrier layer, and further mixing the chemicals and the barrier layer uniformly; Thereby producing a mixture in which each first, second chemical and further chemical product is uniformly dispersed. There, chemicals are added to reduce the density.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  This application is a patent application based on US Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 583,672 (Applicant: Matthew Piazza, filing date: June 29, 2004).

  The present invention relates generally to building materials, and more particularly to compositions for producing building materials and methods for making the compositions.

  Currently used building cement materials are heavy and have limited strength. These materials are usually made using vermiculite and / or other fibrous lightweight materials, water and cement. The production of these building materials requires a large amount of water. The reason is that because vermiculite and other fibrous lightweight materials have high water absorption, they absorb a substantial amount of water used in the production of building materials. Water absorbed by vermiculite and other fibrous lightweight materials is necessary to wet and strengthen the cement. However, water consumption by building cement materials increases the weight of building materials, and when used in building materials production, cracks are caused by freezing and thawing that occur in building cement materials. Is produced.

  Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a composition that reduces the water required to produce building materials. In particular, it is desirable to produce an admixture that can be added to cement along with vermiculite and other fibrous lightweight materials and used to produce building materials that contain minimal water. It is further desirable to produce building materials to which liquid or gel humectants are added for the purpose of saturating the vermiculite and other fibrous lightweight materials used in the material, thereby removing water. No need to use. More desirably, certain reactive elements are combined and added to the building material in such a way that any reaction between them can be minimized or eliminated.

  The present invention relates to a building material, and more particularly to a composition for producing a building material and a method for producing the composition. Such compositions typically include a plurality of chemicals that cause undesired reactions with each other.

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a viscous composition for producing building materials and to overcome the limitations of building materials in the prior art.

  A further object of the present invention is to produce a viscous material by combining an admixture with at least one of a cementitious material, rubber or plastic.

  Another object of the present invention is to produce a viscous material, wherein the admixture includes a particular reaction element contained therein in a manner that reduces or eliminates the reaction between the elements.

  A further object of the present invention is to produce a viscous material that can be increased in strength by the admixture and reduce the weight of the resulting building material.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to produce a viscous material in which the properties of each element contained in the admixture are imparted to the resulting building material.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to produce a building material comprising at least one of nanoparticles and nanotubes to impart additional properties to the resulting building material.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for minimizing reactions between multiple reactive chemicals. The method includes the following steps. A first chemical is added, a first barrier layer is added, and the first barrier layer is deposited on the first chemical. A second chemical is added and the second chemical is deposited on the first barrier layer. A second barrier layer is deposited on the second chemical. Additional chemical is added and the additional chemical composition is deposited on the second barrier layer. The chemical and barrier layer are then mixed uniformly, thereby forming a mixture in which each first, second and further chemical is uniformly dispersed, where chemicals are added to reduce the density. Is done.

  Another object of the invention includes a first chemical substance and a second chemical substance; and at least one barrier layer located between the first chemical substance and the second chemical substance and preventing their interaction therewith It is to provide a composition. According to a predetermined procedure, a mixed solution in which the above composition is mixed with a mixed solution that uniformly contains each of the first chemical substance and the second chemical substance is manufactured.

  Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising at least one of a substrate and a casting material and an admixture. The admixture includes a superplasticizer, a self-curing agent, an antishrink agent, and a plurality of barrier layers. In making the admixture, it is desirable to add one of the plurality of barrier layers between each adjacent element of the admixture to prevent mixing between the elements. This minimizes the reaction between elements and allows each element to maintain its properties. When the admixture is blended with the substrate and mixed to form the composition, the admixture is uniformly dispersed throughout the composition, each of the substrate, at least one of the casting materials and the admixture. Elements begin to join each other.

  A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the composition. The method includes the step of combining an amount of at least one of a substrate and casting material with at least one of water and a wetting agent to saturate at least one of the substrate and casting material. The saturated substrate and casting material are then combined with the admixture. The admixture includes a superplasticizer, a self-curing agent, a shrinkage inhibitor, and a plurality of barrier layers. One of the plurality of barrier layers is present between each element of the admixture to prevent mixing between the elements so that each element maintains its associated properties. The method continuously mixes at least one of the substrate and casting material and a mixture of admixtures so that each element of the admixture is evenly dispersed throughout the composition, so that the elements of the admixture are dispersed. A method is provided for initiating bonding with at least one of each substrate and casting material to form a composition imparted with the properties of the admixture elements.

  Another object of the present invention is to produce admixtures and building materials that are easy to use.

  A further object of the present invention is to produce building materials with low production costs.

  Further objects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

  Various other objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be understood in more detail by considering that with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar members throughout the drawings.

  The present invention relates to chemical admixtures for producing materials that can be used as building and construction materials. The resulting material can be used not only for structural support of the structure but also for decoration as well. That is, the chemical admixture can be used with at least one of a cement-based material, a plastic material, and a rubber material. Also, with the use of the admixture, the resulting material is improved to have properties that we have not previously recognized. That is, the resulting material includes an admixture, vermiculite and a substrate for molding the material into the desired shape. In view of the foregoing, the admixture can use the additional advantages shown throughout the following description in further areas, so the cement-based building material according to the following description should be interpreted in a limited way. Not.

  When manufacturing building materials including cement and vermiculite and / or fibrous lightweight materials, vermiculite or lightweight materials must first be added to the mixture prior to the addition of water. The chemicals or admixtures of the present invention do not react with lightweight materials. The admixture only reacts with the cement material, so when using this material to make a lightweight mixture, the vermiculite must first be wetted with water.

  The present invention is a method of mixing elements that are generally said not to be mixed because they usually react undesirably with each other. This method has been found when adding a liquid or gel directly to the vermiculite or lightweight material in the mixture.

  The above method is a method of mixing elements that react by contact with a target element, and the element is usually used for manufacturing a building material, particularly a building material mainly composed of cement. Element. This method can also be used to mix other chemicals that normally react when in contact with each other.

The elements used in the production of the admixture of the present invention used in the method of the present invention include the following:
* Carboxylated polyether as superplasticizer;
* Carboxylated propylene as self-curing agent;
* Aliphatic propylene, glycol ether as shrinkage inhibitor;
* Surfactant (preferably nonionic surfactant).

Additional elements added to the admixture include the following:
* Aqueous solution of water reducing agent (carboxylated polyether, calcium, nitrate and glucoseamine);
* Viscosity modifier to reduce separation;
* Shrinkage regulator;
* Water repellent;
* Air entrainment (AE) agent.

Additional elements added to the admixture include the following:
* Nanoparticles formed from silicon-based oxides;
* Nanotubes formed from silicon-based oxides;
*latex;
* At least one of yttrium oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicon oxide, barium silicon oxide, barium zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide and zirconium oxide.

  All of the above are not trademarks but are defined by their function when individually added to the cement mix.

  When the above admixtures are used with cement and vermiculite, problems arise in the production of building materials. Specifically, vermiculite absorbs a significant amount of water. Twenty pounds (9.07 kg) of vermiculite absorbs up to 5 gallons (19 L) of water, resulting in a composition with wet sand viscosity. That is, it is not desirable to add the admixture directly to the vermiculite because the admixture components are absorbed by the vermiculite and prevent uniform dispersion into the mixture containing the cement material. The admixture is further added to the cement mixture with water. Use of this admixture substantially reduces the amount of water added to produce building materials and potentially eliminates the need for water. Furthermore, the building material obtained can be reinforced by adding metakaolin and lightweight fibers to the composition.

  Alternatively, a liquid or gel-like wetting agent may be added to vermiculite instead of water, and the vermiculite may be moistened without using water. Known humectant properties result in less humectant being substantially needed to saturate vermiculite or / and fibrous lightweight materials to produce a composition. In addition, known wetting agents are significantly lower in weight than water, thus reducing the weight of saturated vermiculite and fibrous lightweight materials. In addition, a liquid or gel-like wetting agent may be added to the admixture used when mixing any materials necessary to react the product. Liquid or gel humectants may be used to form a layer between reactive elements in the admixture, thereby reducing the amount of water and thus any produced using the admixture. Product weight is also reduced.

  Therefore, as will be described below, the building materials obtained with the composition of the present invention can prevent any interaction between the elements by combining normally reactive elements with the layering process of the present invention. It becomes. The composition is formed using the admixture, where a layer of water and one of a liquid or gel wetting agent is formed on the heaviest of the elements, followed by One of the heaviest elements is added to this, thereby preventing reaction between them. Thus, during the chemical combination, a layer of water and one of the liquid or gel-like wetting agents is formed between the elements before and after it is added to the admixture.

  Instead of water, a liquid or gel humectant may be added to the vermiculite to wet the vermiculite without using water. Known humectant properties result in less humectant being substantially needed to saturate vermiculite or / and fibrous lightweight materials to produce a composition. In addition, known wetting agents are significantly lower in weight than water, thus reducing the weight of saturated vermiculite and fibrous lightweight materials. In addition, a liquid or gel-like wetting agent may be added to the admixture used when mixing any materials necessary to react the product. Liquid or gel humectants may be used to form a layer between reactive elements in the admixture, thereby reducing the amount of water and thus any produced using the admixture. Product weight is also reduced.

  Moreover, in order to manufacture the cement material which does not contain water, you may add a liquid or a gel-like wetting agent to a cement instead of water. The resulting cement material has product characteristics as if mixed with water. Due to the removal of water, the cement material is stronger than conventional concrete mixtures.

  Suitable wetting agents used in the preparation of the admixture are nonionic surfactants. The surfactant is a compound having a hydrophilic part and a hydrophobic part. Surfactants can be used as wetting agents because the surface tension of the material is reduced by the chemical action of the surfactant. The hydrophilic part of the surfactant is determined by the number of moles of ethylene oxide. The ethylene oxide chain forms the hydrophilic part of the surfactant molecule. The larger this part of the molecule, the greater the solubility of the nonionic surfactant in water. In addition, surfactants and their functionality are judged using any scale that represents their hydrophilic / lipophilic balance (HLB). A higher HLB value represents a surfactant with high water solubility, while a lower HLB value represents a surfactant with higher oil solubility. The HLB value is a numerical value calculated based on the molecular structure of the surfactant. Ideally, the nonionic surfactant has an HLB value between 7-9.

  Desirably, the nonionic surfactant is octylphenol ethoxylate obtained by addition of ethylene oxide to octylphenol. The resulting octylphenol ethoxylate is effective over a wide temperature and pH range and forms strong gels and viscous solutions that are used as low foaming wetting agents in the agricultural field. However, it is desirable that their chemical properties take into account their use in the admixture of the present invention. Nonionic surfactants are located between layers of added material, for example, between plasticizers and antishrink agents, and prevent unwanted interactions that normally occur between them. When added, the surfactant functions as a barrier layer between components added sequentially to the admixture. When all the added components are mixed, the surfactant combines in the admixture.

  Alternatively, a layer of latex may be added to the admixture instead of a nonionic surfactant. Like the surfactant, the latex layer is located between the sequentially added admixture components and acts as a barrier layer that prevents any premature and / or unnecessary reactions between the components. When mixed, the latex functions as a transport medium that assists in dispersing various components. That is, latex also acts as a wetting agent, replacing water typically used in building and construction materials in the prior art.

  A component that provides added strength to the admixture is a silicon-based oxide. Silicon-based oxides are excellent additives that function as agents that accelerate curing. In addition, silicon-based oxides are used to increase the scratch-resistance of compounds. Silicates have a specific utility as an additive in bricks and building materials because they improve hardness and scratch resistance.

  The silicon-based oxide added to the admixture is preferably present in the form of nanoparticles or nanotubes (e.g. PURENANO (R) from NanoProducts). These silicon-based oxide nanoparticles provide a nanoscale material that does not form lumps, which can be uniformly dispersed in a mixture, such as an admixture according to the claims of the present invention. The enhanced properties of the nanoparticles are due to their structure. Specifically, at the lattice level, the combination of one or more metals and silica improves mechanical, optical, thermal, surface, structural and other properties. Thus, silicon-based oxide nanoparticles can be tailored for the admixture of the present invention. Examples of silicon-based oxides that can be used are aluminum silicon oxide, zirconium silicon oxide, and other multi-metal silicon oxides.

(Production of 5 gallon (19L) mixture)
Using normal tap water, the superplasticizer mixture is poured into a 5 gallon (19 L) size enclosure and an approximately 1/8 inch (0.32 cm) water / surfactant barrier layer over the superplasticizer. Inject enough water to provide Since the water / surfactant is lighter than the superplasticizer and remains on the superplasticizer, the water / surfactant layer acts as a barrier. Injecting the following elements onto the surface of the water / surfactant layer, such as a self-curing agent (or self-shrinking agent), does not mix or cause a chemical reaction. The process is then repeated, placing substantially the same amount of water / surfactant layer on the second layer and adding a third element (eg, an antishrink agent). Further, the operation is repeated, and each element is added to the admixture.

  The above exemplary admixture is substantially 1 + 1/4 gallon (4.75 L) superplasticizer, substantially 2.5 gallon (9.5 L) self-curing agent and substantially 3/4 gallon. (2.85 L) of a shrinkage inhibitor. The admixture further includes a substantially 1/2 gallon (1.9 L) water / surfactant barrier layer interspersed between each of the superplasticizer, self-curing agent and antishrink agent. Note that each water / surfactant barrier layer in the above is of substantially equal amount.

  The above is a method for producing an admixture in which many substances are added to a product containing cement. This same method can also be used when mixing other chemicals. The above methods are useful for many different purposes and may be used to produce admixtures that contain elements that normally react with each other. The uses of the admixtures described above are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the methods described in the claims of the present invention.

  Alternatively, the admixture is provided with at least one of water, a liquid wetting agent, a gel wetting agent and a gel-like wetting agent instead of the water / surfactant barrier layer between adjacent layers of the added chemical substance. Also good.

  When making lightweight concrete mixes, cement usually reacts with lightweight materials such as vermiculite, pearlite, mica and the like. However, when these materials are used, the high water absorbability of these lightweight materials becomes a problem. That is, such a mixture requires a large amount of water to perform its intended function, but mixing a large amount of water and cement reduces the strength of the cement and increases the weight of the resulting concrete product. To do. The admixture of the present invention functions to reduce the amount of water required, thus increasing the strength of the resulting building material and at the same time reducing its weight. A typical composition of the admixture of the present invention is shown as composition A below.

Composition A
* 2 parts carboxylated polyether (superplasticizer);
* 1 part carboxylated propylene (self-curing agent);
* 1 part aliphatic propylene, glycol ether (shrinkage inhibitor); and * 1 part surfactant

  In addition to the elements listed in Composition A, other additional chemicals may be added to the admixture to provide additional properties. These additional elements include at least one part air entrainment (AE) agent, one part silicon-based oxide nanoparticles, and one part latex. The description of nanoparticles formed as silicon-based oxides is exemplary only and any type of nanoparticles having desirable properties associated therewith can be used in the admixture and / or viscous material of the present invention.

  The chemicals listed above are added in layers in a mixing vat and include a layer of water and / or wetting agent between adjacent layers. This layer prevents unnecessary and undesirable interactions between the components of the admixture of the present invention.

  Alternatively, the mixture can utilize multiple latices as a transport / wetting agent and is added so as to be located between each of the above components. That is, the latex functions as one of the components forming the layer of the admixture, and also functions as a barrier layer between the components sequentially added thereto.

  Alternatively, the nanoparticles formed from the silicon-based oxide may be sequentially added as separate layers in a form located between the two wetting agent layers. Or you may mix | blend the said nanoparticle in the layer of said another component added sequentially. Furthermore, the nanoparticles may be added directly to the mixture and / or composition during or prior to the casting process. The nanoparticles have at least one inherent property that is imparted to a composition for producing building materials. Such properties include, but are not limited to, increased strength, increased durability, decreased thermal expansion, increased color, and increased hardness.

  By combining the admixture described above with the method of the present invention described in particular in FIGS. 3 and 4 below, the building material of the present invention is produced. By mixing, it is possible to produce a castable cement mixture that has all the properties of concrete and is free from defects. The resulting building material is substantially reduced in weight, increased in flexibility, and has a tensile strength that is at least four times that of conventional concrete. For example, conventional concrete usually has a soft strength of up to 200 pounds (90.7 kg), whereas the building material of the present invention has a soft strength of 650 to 850 pounds (294.8 to 385.6 kg).

  The building material of the present invention includes a combination of materials as shown in Table 1 below. These materials are usually dry powder materials and are combined with the admixture represented as composition A above during the manufacture of building materials.

Table 1: Materials, cement, sand or silica, metakaolin-apozzo-lanie material, vermiculite or substituted perlite, mica, etc., fiber, polypropylene, polyethylene, glass fiber or other fiber materials, nanotubes and At least one of the nanopowder

  The amount of the material used for manufacturing the building material of the present invention can be changed according to the use for each user.

A typical combination of the specific materials of Table 1 including composition A in the production of building materials of the present invention is shown in composition B below. Composition B includes the following:
Composition B:
・ One bag of cement (about 94 pounds)
50 lbs (22.7 kg) sand 20 lbs (9.1 kg) vermiculite 5 lbs (2.27 kg) metakaolin
1/4 pound (113 g) polypropylene microfibers 1 pound (453 g) polypropylene structural fiber 1 quart (0.95 L) composition A admixture 8 gallons (30.4 L) water

  The above materials produce a sticky cement mixture which is combined with the admixture of composition A and is completely stable and can be used for the production of various cement products. The resulting building material is a concrete material with increased tensile strength and softness and reduced weight.

  In addition, it is possible to increase the strength of the resulting cement material and reduce the weight by replacing the water with a liquid or gel wetting agent commonly used in the agricultural field and reducing the addition of water to the mixture It becomes. This also overcomes the problem of excessive wetting of the cement and makes it possible to produce a stable and homogeneous mixture. Furthermore, when using a lightweight material with absorbent properties, such as vermiculite, in the cement mixture, moisture contained in the lightweight material is continuously released into the cement material over a longer period of time than normal concrete, and the cement material To strengthen. This is due to the hydration of the cement material being kept stable, thereby making the material harder and more stable.

  The admixtures and methods described above can also be used to mix grout, stucco and any other cement mixture.

  Furthermore, the above mixing techniques can be used in combination with the formation of rubber and plastic materials. For example, an adhesive composition formed from acetate, PVC, polyethylene fiber and polypropylene fiber is produced by using a gel emulsion barrier layer added so that it is located between each element during the mixing process. be able to. This prevents reaction between the elements before mixing. Furthermore, at least one of the nanoparticles, nanopowder, and nanotubes can be added to the mixture in the same manner.

  The accompanying figures are used to illustrate the inventive methods shown herein and the inventive compositions produced using the inventive methods.

  FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for producing an admixture of the present invention, or a method for producing a mixture formed from elements that normally react with each other. As is apparent from this figure, in step S2, the admixture is performed by adding a certain amount of carboxylated polyether such as a superplasticizer. Next, at least one layer of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent is placed over the superplasticizer in step S4 to form a barrier layer thereon. On the layer of at least one of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent, a layer of carboxylated propylene which is a self-curing agent is placed in step S6. Usually, when a carboxylated polyether is combined with carboxylated propylene, a chemical reaction such as foaming occurs. However, any reaction between carboxylated polyether and carboxylated propylene can be minimized or eliminated by placing a barrier layer between them with at least one of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent It becomes. Also, another barrier layer formed from at least one of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent can be placed on the layer of carboxylated propylene in step S8. Also, a layer of aliphatic propylene and glycol ether can be placed on the carboxylated propylene in step S10 as an anti-shrink agent. Admixtures formed by combinations of these elements can be mixed without producing any reaction between the elements during the production of building materials.

  In step S12, additional elements such as air entraining agents can be added to the mixture by first placing a further barrier layer with at least one of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent. In step S16, a further barrier layer with at least one of water, a liquid wetting agent or a gel wetting agent and a layer of an aqueous solution of a water reducing agent such as carboxylated polyether, calcium, nitrate and glucoseamine on the barrier layer. Can be placed on the air entraining agent in step S14. A barrier layer can be disposed between the last layer and further layers (eg, the self-shrinking agent in step S18, the shrinkage adjusting agent in step S20, and the water reducing agent in step S22).

  A cross-sectional view of the bat including the elements forming the layer is shown in FIG. As can be seen from this figure, at least one barrier layer 28 of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent separates each element, thereby reducing or preventing any reaction between the elements in the admixture. Is done. As is apparent from this figure, the admixture is formed with a certain amount of carboxylated polyether (eg, superplasticizer 12 forming the bottom layer). A layer of carboxylated propylene 14, such as a self-curing agent, is disposed on the carboxylated polyether 14 with a barrier layer 28 between them at least one of water, a liquid wetting agent or a gel wetting agent. The Another barrier layer 28 with at least one of water, a liquid wetting agent or a gel wetting agent is disposed on the layer of carboxylated propylene, and further a layer of aliphatic propylene, glycol ether 16 (eg, an anti-shrink agent). Arranged on the barrier layer. That is, the admixture formed by the combination of these elements can be mixed without producing any reaction between the elements when manufacturing building materials.

  Additives such as air entraining agent 18 may be formed by first placing a further barrier layer 28 on the layer of aliphatic propylene, glycol ether 16 with at least one of water, liquid wetting agent or gel wetting agent. It can be added to the mixture. A further barrier layer 28 with at least one of water, a liquid wetting agent or a gel wetting agent can be further disposed on the air entraining agent, and includes carboxylated polyether, calcium, nitrate and glucoseamine as water reducing agents. An aqueous solution layer 20 may be disposed on the barrier layer. In addition, a barrier layer can be located between the last layer and further layers (eg, self-shrinking agent 22, shrinkage modifier 24 and water reducing agent 26). The order of adding elements is shown as an example. In practice, these elements are in any order as long as the layers formed by water or wetting agent are located between the layers and can maintain separation between the layers until mixed for admixture production. It may be added.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a method for preparing a building material using the admixture according to FIGS. 1 and 2 described above. In order to produce the building material of the present invention, in step S100, the desired amount of a light filler such as vermiculite is replaced with at least one of water and a wetting agent in an amount capable of substantially saturating the vermiculite. Blend. Furthermore, you may add a microfiber to vermiculite as needed. In step S102, the weighed cement is then added to the saturated vermiculite and microfibers. In addition to cement, sand, silica, and other elements such as glass fibers or other fibers can be added. The admixture is added to the cement and vermiculite / microfiber mixture in step S104. In this regard, in step S106, metakaolin (eg, pozzolanic material) can be added to the composition as needed. Furthermore, an appropriate amount of structural fibers can be added in step S108. If necessary or to obtain the desired viscosity, metakaolin and structural fibers may be added continuously, as indicated by the arrow labeled 110. This whole process takes place in a mixer and is always mixed during the whole process. It may be necessary to add water or a wetting agent after the cement is added.

  Alternatively, this process can also be performed in a static mixer 400 as shown in FIG. As is apparent from this figure, the elements 402 required to produce building materials are added from the top / chimney 404 of the static mixer 400 and continuously run along the tracks 406, 408 therein. The elements can always be mixed. A certain amount of the admixture, water or wetting agent 414 of the present invention is added to the mixer through a pipe 410 disposed thereon to saturate a lightweight filler such as vermiculite and wet the cement. The admixture may be added separately or mixed with water or a wetting agent provided to the cement. The admixture, as well as water or wetting agent, is stored in a tank pump and fed to the static mixer 400 by pressure and reacts with the cement to produce a sticky, textile-like material. While the composition elements 402 pass through the static mixer 400, they are always mixed to form a homogeneous mixture. Pressure 418 is applied to the element 402 located in the static mixer 400, thereby moving the element to the static mixer 400 and pushing the entire element 402. The pressure 418 may be applied by anything capable of generating sufficient pressure, for example nitrogen or air. In addition, at the bottom of the static mixer 400, the substances that cause pressure are removed from the mixed composition.

  The admixture of the present invention makes it possible to produce lightweight materials with all the characteristics of cast concrete, without any defects. The material produced using the above-mentioned admixture and the above-mentioned method is light in weight, has a higher strength than concrete, and has a characteristic that it is difficult to break. In the above method, a novel substance is constituted by adding a material by a specific method. Concrete, sand, metakaolin, vermiculite, fibers, and other materials form bonds between these elements when combined with admixtures, which are not normally formed, thereby A product having a matrix having a softness / tensile strength by compression substantially greater than a softness / tensile strength by compression is obtained.

  The admixture produces an excellent adhesive component and allows the addition of large amounts of metakaolin (a pozzolanic material to the mixture). Such a thing was impossible in the past. Pozzolans are natural or industrially produced materials that react with the lime released from the hydration of Portland cement. In this reaction, the addition of metakaolin effectively removes free lime and converts the final material into a stable cement product. Pozzolans also reduce the permeability of cement paste. This helps prevent entry of substances that increase reactivity in the solution, and due to its low permeability, the cement mixture is semi-permanent against attacks by sulfates, acids, freeze-thaw conditions, anti-freeze salts and seawater. Durability. Furthermore, the addition of lightweight fillers such as vermiculite to the mixture not only reduces the weight of the final product, but also helps absorb liquids and water. The material cures gradually and continuously due to the presence of vermiculite that gradually evaporates the water in the mixture. In this way, the final cement product is constantly supplied with liquid, thereby minimizing the possibility of disintegration and leading to strengthening of the final product.

  In addition, the admixture of the claimed invention can be combined with a second mixture containing at least one nanoparticle and nanotube therein to produce a cement material. Nanoparticles and / or nanotubes increase the strength of the resulting material. Furthermore, the weight of the resulting cement material is substantially less than conventional cement materials. Alternatively, as will be described in particular in FIGS. 5 and 6, the building material of the present invention comprises nanoparticles and / or nanotubes and is uniformly dispersed throughout the mixture during the mixing process.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method for producing an admixture according to another embodiment. As in FIG. 1, the superplasticizer is added to the vat as shown in step S500. Thereafter, it is important to form a barrier layer as described in step S502. However, unlike the admixture produced in FIG. 1, the barrier layer formed in step S502 is formed from a wetting agent that is a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value between 7-9. Thereafter, as shown in step S504, a certain amount of shrinkage adjusting agent is added on the first barrier layer. The first barrier layer with the nonionic surfactant prevents the superplasticizer and the shrinkage modifier from reacting with each other. A second barrier layer is formed by adding a nonionic surfactant over the shrinkage modifier and supersparse agent layer, as shown in step S506. Next, a layer of nanoparticles formed from a silicon-based oxide is added over the second barrier layer as shown in step S508. The nanoparticulate silicon-based oxide enhances the hardness and strength of the support structure in the admixture and then combines with the cement material to produce the final mixture. A third barrier layer with a nonionic surfactant is added over the nanoparticle material, shrinkage modifier and superplasticizer layer as in step S510. Next, step S512 requires that a layer of latex material be added over the barrier layer with the admixture's third nonionic surfactant. A final fourth nonionic surfactant barrier layer is added to the surface of the latex layer as needed in step S514. This completes another embodiment of the claimed admixture of the present invention. Thereafter, in step S516, a fully layered admixture is combined with the cement material, thereby obtaining a mixture for producing a building material having increased tensile stress and hardness, It is possible to produce materials for building and construction having excellent structural characteristics.

  Alternatively, in steps S502, S506, S510 and S514, latex may be used as a barrier layer located between the superplasticizer, shrinkage modifier and nanoparticles. In addition, a layer of nanoparticles formed from silicon oxide may be interspersed within other layers of the admixture. Specifically, the nanoparticles may be blended with at least one of the latex, superplasticizer, and shrinkage modifier in the admixture of the present invention.

  The ratio of each component used for manufacture of the admixture of this invention can be variously changed. However, changing the amount of each element changes the properties of the final product (eg, weight, strength, durability and hardness). Therefore, it is possible to change the product to be produced to have desired characteristics. Such compositional adjustment of the components used with the admixtures of the present invention can also be applied to the final mixture containing cement material as described below. By adjusting the proportions of the components, the properties of the resulting building or construction material change. In this way, the above materials can be manufactured based on the characteristics required for building or construction materials.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bat 600 having an admixture according to another embodiment of the present invention. Each superplasticizer layer 602 is disposed at the bottom of the bat 600. The vat also includes a shrinkage modifier layer 608, a silicon-based oxide nanoparticle layer 610 and a latex material layer 612. Located between each of the layers 602, 608, 610, 612 is a barrier layer 604 formed from a nonionic surfactant. It is important to place a barrier layer in the production of the building material according to the invention, in order to prevent unnecessary mixing of the individual components of the admixture before combination with the cement material. Keeping the elements isolated and combining them only when cement material is present is important to ensure that each element is evenly mixed when manufacturing building materials. is there. By this uniform mixing, each characteristic of each element can be imparted to the resulting mixture.

  Alternatively, the layer of silicon-based oxide nanoparticles may be removed and blended with at least the latex material layer 612 and the non-ionic surfactant layer 604.

  The admixtures described in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be combined with the cement material of the above method according to FIGS. 3 and 4 in particular. Since the inventive admixture has silicon-based oxide nanoparticles, once mixed with the above cement material, a building or construction material with superior strength and hardness is thereby produced. Silicon-based oxide nanoparticles (having a predetermined metal at the level of the crystal lattice) may be combined with the cement material, thereby enhancing the hardness and structural support of the resulting mixture. Furthermore, the inclusion of a nonionic surfactant significantly reduces the weight of the resulting building material while maintaining its strength.

  The admixture of the present invention makes it possible to produce lightweight materials that have all the characteristics of cast concrete and without any drawbacks. Materials made with the method described above using admixtures are lighter than normal concrete, are stronger, and are less likely to disintegrate. The above methods provide new substances by combining the materials in a unique way. Concrete, sand, metakaolin, vermiculite, fiber, and other materials form bonds between these elements when combined with an admixture, which is a bond that is not normally formed, thereby substantially A product having a matrix of softness and tensile strength by compression several times larger than the softness and tensile strength by compression of conventional concrete is obtained. The mixed material produced by the above method using the admixture of the present invention enables the production of a new end product. For example, the above mixed material can be used for the manufacture of lightweight thin panels, is very cheap and covers foam, metal and / or wood, and has the appearance of very expensive quarry, marble, limestone, wood, etc. It can be used for the given application. That is, it is important that the resulting mixture contains silicon-based oxide nanoparticles in the sense that the enhanced scratch resistance of the material is evenly imparted. With enhanced scratch resistance, the material is significantly more resistant to sudden and deliberate contact with other objects that can disrupt the building material and affect its structural integrity. Have power.

  In addition, the admixture of the present invention may be adjusted in various ways in the preparation of the material in such a manner that at least one of vermiculite, nanoparticles, nanotubes and fiber materials can be added. This viscosity may be further increased by the addition of viscosity modifiers, allowing the viscosity of the composition to be variously adjusted for different applications. Thus, this admixture can be applied in many fields including cement materials as well as plastics.

  To solve the above and related problems, the present invention is preferably implemented in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, the drawings are merely exemplary to the extent that they can be varied according to the particular construction application illustrated and described above within the scope described in the appended claims.

  Using each of the above elements, or a combination of two or more of them, it is considered that a useful application method in other methods having different types from the above can be found.

  While certain new features of the present invention are disclosed, described and illustrated in the appended claims, it is not meant to be limited to the above detailed description. This is because a person skilled in the art can make various omissions, modifications, substitutions and changes to the shape and details of the apparatus illustrated and the operation method therefor without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Because it is considered to be.

  Without further examination, the gist of the present invention is clarified from the above, whereby a third party can utilize known techniques to make essential features of the general or special aspects of the present invention from the viewpoint of the prior art. It is considered that they can be applied to various uses without omitting the features constituting most of the above.

It is a flowchart which illustrates the manufacturing method of an admixture. It is sectional drawing which shows the vat where the element which comprises an admixture is hierarchized before mixing. 1 is a diagram showing a method for producing a building material containing an admixture. It is a perspective view of the static mixer used when mixing the element which comprises a building material. It is a flowchart which illustrates the manufacturing method of the admixture which concerns on the other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the layer of the admixture which concerns on other embodiment.

Claims (54)

A method for minimizing the reaction between a plurality of reactive chemicals, and the following steps
a) adding a first chemical substance;
b) adding a first barrier layer and laminating the first barrier layer on the first chemical;
c) adding a second chemical and laminating the second chemical on the first barrier layer;
d) adding a second barrier layer and depositing the second barrier layer on the second chemical;
e) adding additional chemicals and depositing the additional chemical composition on the second barrier layer;
f) Mixing the above composition and barrier layer uniformly, thereby uniformly dispersing each of the first, second and further chemicals to form a mixture in which the chemicals are reduced in density. Added for the purpose of:
Including methods.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the adding step is a step of adding a chemical substance to a static mixer.   The method of claim 1, further comprising adding nanoparticles.   The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of adding a casting agent to cast the mixture into the predetermined mold.   The method of claim 1, further comprising adding a cement material and vermiculite to produce at least one of a construction material and a building material.   The method of claim 1, further comprising adding a plastic material and vermiculite to produce at least one of a construction material and a building material.   The method of claim 1, further comprising adding a rubber material and vermiculite to produce at least one of a construction material and a building material. a) the first chemical substance;
b) a second chemical; and c) at least one barrier layer disposed between them to prevent interaction of said first chemical and second chemical;
The composition according to claim 1, wherein a mixture in which each of the first chemical substance and the second chemical substance is uniformly dispersed is produced by mixing according to a predetermined rule.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition further comprises a casting agent that allows selective casting of the building material prior to manufacturing.   9. The composition of claim 8, further comprising a third chemical composition comprising nanoparticles.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein at least one of the first chemical and the second chemical, and at least one of the barrier layers further comprises nanoparticles and are integrally formed together. .   The composition of claim 9, wherein the casting agent further comprises nanoparticles and is integrally formed together.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the at least one barrier layer is at least one of water, a surfactant, a mixture of water and surfactant, and a wetting agent.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition can be selectively blended with a plurality of materials for producing at least one substrate and casting material.   15. The composition of claim 14, further comprising at least one of vermiculite, cement, perlite, sand, silica, plastic, rubber, metakaolin-pozzolanic material, mica, polypropylene, polyethylene, glass fiber, and other fibrous materials.   The composition of claim 8, wherein the first chemical comprises at least one of a superplasticizer, a self-curing agent, an anti-shrink agent, and an air entraining agent.   The composition of claim 16, wherein the second chemical comprises at least one of a superplasticizer, a self-curing agent, a shrinkage inhibitor, and an air entraining agent, and the first chemical is different from the second chemical. object.   18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising a third chemical substance, wherein the third chemical substance has one of a plurality of barrier layers at a position between the third chemical substance and the second chemical substance. Composition.   The third chemical substance includes at least one of a superplasticizer, a self-curing agent, an anti-shrink agent, and an air entraining agent, and the third chemical substance is different from each of the first chemical substance and the second chemical substance. The composition according to claim 18. a) at least one substrate and casting material; and
b) a composition comprising an admixture, wherein said admixture is
(I) a superplasticizer,
(Ii) a self-curing agent,
(Iii) an anti-shrink agent, and (iv) a plurality of barrier layers, wherein when producing the admixture, one of the plurality of barrier layers is each of the admixtures. Placed between adjacent elements to prevent them from mixing, thereby minimizing the reactions that occur between said elements and maintaining their respective properties
When the admixture is blended with the substrate and mixed to form the composition, the admixture is uniformly dispersed throughout the composition, thereby providing the group. Said composition wherein at least one of a material and a casting material and each element of said admixture are bonded together.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein each one of the barrier layers is at least one of water, a surfactant, a mixture of water and surfactant, and a wetting agent.   24. The composition of claim 21, wherein the wetting agent is at least one of a liquid wetting agent and a gel wetting agent.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the superplasticizer is a carboxylated polyether.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the self-curing agent is carboxylated propylene.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the antishrink agent is at least one of aliphatic propylene and glycol ether.   21. The composition of claim 20, further comprising a water reducing agent layer disposed over the barrier layer.   27. The composition of claim 26, wherein the water reducing agent is an aqueous solution comprising a certain amount of carboxylated polyether, calcium, nitrate and glucoseamine.   21. The composition of claim 20, further comprising a self-filler disposed over the barrier layer.   28. The composition of claim 27, further comprising a quantity of self-filler.   21. The composition of claim 20, further comprising a quantity of shrinkage modifier.   30. The composition of claim 29, further comprising a quantity of shrinkage modifier.   21. The composition of claim 20, further comprising a quantity of water repellent.   32. The composition of claim 31, further comprising a quantity of water repellent.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the admixture further comprises an amount of nanoparticles.   34. The composition of claim 33, wherein the admixture further comprises an amount of nanoparticles.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the composition comprises an amount of nanoparticles.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material comprises at least one of cement, vermiculite, plastic and rubber.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises pearlite.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises mica.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises at least one of sand and silica.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises metakaolin.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises polypropylene microfibers.   38. The composition of claim 37, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material further comprises polypropylene structural fibers.   21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the admixture further comprises at least one of an air entraining agent, a viscosity modifier, and a nonionic surfactant. a) blending at least one of a certain amount of substrate and casting material with at least one of water and wetting agent to saturate at least one of the substrate and casting material;
b) blending an admixture with the saturated substrate and casting material, wherein the admixture is
(I) a superplasticizer;
(Ii) a self-curing agent;
(Iii) an antishrink agent; and (iv) a plurality of barrier layers, one of the plurality of barrier layers being disposed between each element of the admixture, and mixing between the elements , Thereby maintaining the properties associated with each element);
c) continuously mixing a mixture of at least one of a substrate, a casting material and an admixture; and d) forming a composition, wherein each element of said admixture is a composition And wherein the admixture element binds to each of at least one of the substrate and the casting material and has properties associated with the admixture element;
The manufacturing method of the composition containing this.   46. The method of claim 45, wherein at least one of the substrate and casting material is at least one of cement, vermiculite, plastic and rubber.   46. The method of claim 45, further comprising combining at least one of sand, silica and fibrous glass with the mixture.   46. The method of claim 45, further comprising blending metakaolin with the mixture.   46. The method of claim 45, further comprising blending a microfibrous material with the mixture.   46. The method of claim 45, wherein the method is performed in a static mixer.   46. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of binding the admixture further comprises the step of formulating an amount of nanoparticles therein.   46. The method of claim 45, further comprising blending nanoparticles with the mixture.   46. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of blending the admixture further comprises blending at least one of an air entraining agent, a viscosity modifier, and a nonionic surfactant therein.   46. The method of claim 45, wherein each one of the barrier layers is at least one of water, a surfactant, a mixture of water and surfactant, and a wetting agent.

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