CN104310837B - A kind of dry powder and mortar and additive thereof - Google Patents
A kind of dry powder and mortar and additive thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104310837B CN104310837B CN201410517501.7A CN201410517501A CN104310837B CN 104310837 B CN104310837 B CN 104310837B CN 201410517501 A CN201410517501 A CN 201410517501A CN 104310837 B CN104310837 B CN 104310837B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dry powder and mortar and additive thereof. This dry powder mortar additive comprises inorganic thickening agent, and inorganic thickening agent is sheet metakaolin and the graininess expanded vermiculite powder mixture of 20:80 ~ 80:20 by weight; Described metakaolin is the metakaolin below 1250 orders, and described expanded vermiculite powder is the expanded vermiculite powder below 325 orders. Carry out by a certain percentage compound by both: reduce the percentage of damage of expanded vermiculite powder by sheet metakaolin, suppressed, because the fragmentation of expanded vermiculite powder causes the release of moisture in it, the segregation of slurry, to make slurry keep stable thixotropy; On the other hand, expanded vermiculite powder plays cushioning effect to the pH value of slurry, and for metakaolin provides stable activator, has improved the water-retaining property of metakaolin; Be equipped with and the interatomic bonding effect in polygamy position by sheet and granular thickener grade, form larger hydrogel network, improved the thixotropy of mortar, ensured the construction Yi Hexing of slurry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction material, be specifically related to a kind of dry powder and mortar and additive thereof.
Background technology
Dry powder and mortar refers to that aggregate that drying screening processes carries out a kind of graininess that physical mixed forms or the material of powdery as polymer etc. as cement and additive by a certain percentage as quartz sand, inorganic coagulation material; It is transported to building site with form packed or in bulk, adds water after mixing and stirring and can directly use, and is called again dry mash, dry blend, dry mixing powder, and some building binder also belongs to this type of. Dry powder and mortar is with thin layer performance bonding, liner, protection and decoration function in building industry, and building and fitting-out work application are very extensive.
The main performance index of mortar comprises intensity and construction workability. Wherein, intensity mainly refers to the compression strength of mortar after moulding, and it depends on composition, degree of hydration and condensation effect; Construction workability mainly refers to that mortar is easy to each operation constructing operation, comprises stirring, transport, pouring, tamping etc., and can obtain the performance that quality is even, moulding is closely knit, and its implication comprises thixotropy, mobility, cohesiveness and water-retaining property.
Existing mortar adopts the performance that is added with vermiculite power or metakaolin more and improves dry powder and mortar. Wherein, metakaolin is that kaolin forms through dehydration under proper temperature, himself has high crushing resistance, but its water-retaining property is because the be situated between irregular molecules align of steady state of thermodynamics causes, water-retaining property is general, and largely the compression strength of mortar entirety is improved in Shangdi. By contrast, vermiculite power has high-moisture-retention, more can promote hydrated cementitious, be conducive to improve the measuring body intensity of mortar entirety, but the crushing resistance of itself be poor, but in the process stirring, particulate inorganic thixotropic agent is vulnerable to extruding, produce fragmentation, moisture of absorption in it is discharged, cause slurry segregation, mortar thixotropy is undergone mutation, cause the performance of slurry very large with its addition impact.
Be necessary to develop a kind of additive of construction workability and the intensity that can stablize and improve significantly dry powder and mortar for this reason, and develop a kind of dry powder and mortar with good application property and intensity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can stablize and improve the significantly application property of dry powder and mortar and the dry powder mortar additive of intensity.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of dry powder and mortar with good application property and intensity.
For realizing above-mentioned the first object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of dry powder mortar additive, described dry powder mortar additive comprises inorganic thickening agent, and inorganic thickening agent is sheet metakaolin and the graininess expanded vermiculite powder mixture of 20:80 ~ 80:20 by weight; Described metakaolin is the metakaolin below 1250 orders, and described expanded vermiculite powder is the expanded vermiculite powder below 325 orders.
Preferably, described dry powder mortar additive also comprises organic thickening agent and air entraining agent, and described organic thickening agent is water-soluble cellulose ether class thickener, and described air entraining agent is fatty sodium salt class air entraining agent; The weight ratio of described inorganic thickening agent, described organic thickening agent and described air entraining agent is 100:30 ~ 50:0.5 ~ 3.
Further preferably, described water-soluble cellulose ether water-loss reducer is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, and described air entraining agent is lauryl sodium sulfate.
Further preferably, described dry powder mortar additive also comprises inorganic containing hole powder and dicalcium powder, and wherein said inorganic thickening agent, the described inorganic weight ratio containing hole powder, described dicalcium powder, described organic thickening agent and air entraining agent are 100:210 ~ 300:80 ~ 150:30 ~ 50:0.5 ~ 3; Described inorganic containing hole powder be one or more in flyash, expanded perlite, slag, breeze, attapulgite.
Preferably, the described inorganic hole powder that contains is made up of expanded perlite, slag, flyash, and the weight ratio of expanded perlite, slag, flyash is 1:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
Or preferably, the described inorganic hole powder that contains is made up of expanded perlite, slag, breeze, and the weight ratio of expanded perlite, slag, breeze is 1:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
For realizing above-mentioned the second object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of dry powder and mortar, comprises above-mentioned dry powder mortar additive; Taking the base-material gross weight of described dry powder and mortar as benchmark, the amount of described dry powder mortar additive is 0.1 ~ 3 % by weight.
Further preferably, taking the base-material gross weight of described dry powder and mortar as benchmark, the amount of described dry powder mortar additive is 1 ~ 2 % by weight.
Still more preferably, described dry powder and mortar is made up of cement, flyash, yellow ground and described dry powder mortar additive, and wherein the weight ratio of cement, flyash, yellow ground is 10 ~ 15:5 ~ 10:80.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect are: it is compound that sheet metakaolin and graininess expanded vermiculite powder are carried out ratio by dry powder mortar additive of the present invention:
(1) interpolation of sheet metakaolin has reduced the percentage of damage of expanded vermiculite powder, has suppressed, because the fragmentation of expanded vermiculite powder causes the release of moisture in it, the segregation of slurry, to make slurry keep stable thixotropy;
(2) expanded vermiculite powder plays pH value cushioning effect to slurry, and the kalium ion and natrium ion of its release, as the activator of metakaolin, has improved the water-retaining property of metakaolin;
(3) by sheet and the interatomic bonding effect of graininess thickener grating and polygamy position, mainly that the metakaolin of aluminosilicate and the vermiculite of Mg-bearing water aluminosilicate pass through magnesium, the composite effect of the hydrogen bond between coordinate bond and the water of aluminium atom, make to have produced between thickener viscosity synergistic effect, form larger hydrogel network, improve the thixotropy of mortar, keep making slurry to mix and there is high-consistency, while smearing, there is high fluidity, after construction, there is resist sagging, improve the height construction Yi Hexing of slurry, improved the water-retaining property of slurry simultaneously, compression strength and adhesion strength after slurry solidifies are improved.
Above-mentioned three aspects make this dry powder mortar additive can unexpectedly improve the performance such as construction Yi Hexing, intensity of mortar, and the construction Yi Hexing of dry powder and mortar and intensity can be stably improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described. Following examples are only for technical scheme of the present invention is more clearly described, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
The present invention is a kind of dry powder and mortar and additive thereof. Mentality of designing of the present invention is to adopt sheet metakaolin and a certain proportion of mixture of graininess expanded vermiculite powder as compound inorganic thickening agent. It can use together with organic thickener and air entraining agent etc., also can be separately as the additive use of dry powder and mortar, to improve construction Yi Hexing, water-retaining property and the intensity of dry powder and mortar.
The present invention's primary raw material used comprises:
32.5 commercially available grade composite silicate cement, its fineness is 1.9%, and normal consistency is 29%, and density is 2.81g/cm3, 3d rupture strength is 4.7MPa, and 28d rupture strength is 9.7MPa, and 3d compression strength is 15.6MPa, and 28d compression strength is 36.3MPa.
Commercially available common yellow ground, its modulus of fineness is 2.3, clay content 0.9%, apparent density 2.64g/cm3, bulk density is 1.42g/cm3。
The main component of metakaolin has SiO253.7%、Al2O344.97%、Fe2O30.25%、TiO20.2%、CaO0.30%、MgO0.15%、K2O0.04%、Na2O0.13%, moisture < 0.5%, order number is below 1250 orders.
Expanded vermiculite powder is selected as silvery white vermiculite power, and its main component has Si0243%、Ai20212.14%、Mg024.2%、Ca00.96%、FeO1.54%、Fe2034.06%、TiO21.33%、K2O5.95%、P2050.08%、Na201.6%, MnO0.043%, TiO5.097%, moisture < 3%, order number is below 325 orders.
All the other raw materials are commercially available prod.
Inventor has studied the impact on properties of dry-mixed mortar of mixture that additive contains metakaolin and expanded vermiculite powder. Here the formula of additive is in table 1, and the mixed proportion of other components of itself and dry powder and mortar is in table 2, and the performance of corresponding dry powder and mortar is in table 3.
Table 1.
| Component | Embodiment 1(E1) | Comparative example 1(D1) | Comparative example 2(D2) |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl fiber ether | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Lauryl sodium sulfate | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Slag | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Breeze | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Perlite | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Dicalcium powder | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Metakaolin | 50 | 100 | - |
| Expanded vermiculite powder | 50 | - | 100 |
Table 2.
| Sequence number | Cement | Flyash | Additive | Yellow ground | Water consumption |
| D0 | 125 | 75 | 0 | 800 | 1683 |
| D1 -1 | 125 | 74 | 1 | 800 | 1649 |
| D1 -2 | 125 | 73 | 2 | 800 | 1720 |
| D1 -3 | 125 | 72 | 3 | 800 | 1683 |
| D2 -1 | 125 | 74 | 1 | 800 | 1634 |
| D2 -2 | 125 | 73 | 2 | 800 | 1687 |
| D2 -3 | 125 | 72 | 3 | 800 | 1626 |
| E1-1 | 125 | 74.9 | 0.1 | 800 | 1675 |
| E1-2 | 125 | 74 | 1 | 800 | 1680 |
| E1-3 | 125 | 73 | 2 | 800 | 1681 |
| E1-4 | 125 | 72 | 3 | 800 | 1684 |
Table 3.
| Sequence number | Water retention | Denseness mm | Setting time | Qinshui situation | 7D intensity Mpa | 28D intensity MPa | 14d adhesion strength |
| D0 | 86.8 | 109 | 4h10min | More | 9.3 | 17.2 | 0.2 |
| D1 -1 | 88.5 | 113 | 4h18min | More | 8.5 | 17.1 | 0.3 |
| D1 -2 | 90.3 | 96 | 3h55min | Generally | 8.1 | 17 | 0.35 |
| D1 -3 | 92.1 | 91 | 4h58min | Generally | 6.6 | 15.2 | 0.36 |
| D2 -1 | 89.6 | 104 | 4h25min | Generally | 10.3 | 18.9 | 0.35 |
| D2 -2 | 91.3 | 96 | 4h40min | Generally | 8.6 | 15.6 | 0.38 |
| D2 -3 | 95.6 | 103 | 3h55min | Generally | 7.5 | 12.4 | 0.4 |
| E1 -1 | 88.2 | 110 | 4h12min | Generally | 9.4 | 18.2 | 0.25 |
| E1 -2 | 90.4 | 112 | 4h15min | Generally | 10.5 | 19.1 | 0.45 |
| E1 -3 | 93.2 | 115 | 4h20min | Generally | 10.7 | 19.3 | 0.5 |
| E1 -4 | 96.5 | 116 | 4h18min | Generally | 10.6 | 19.3 | 0.52 |
From table 3, in additional agent prescription, add metakaolin and do not add vermiculite power, need under higher additive addition, could suppress Qinshui situation, the water retention of dry powder and mortar is low, and cannot improve the intensity after dry powder and mortar solidifies. And in additional agent prescription, add vermiculite power and do not add metakaolin, although contribute to improve water-retaining property, be when further improving water-retaining property and increasing additive content, the intensity of dry powder and mortar declines to a great extent, and denseness declines to some extent; The construction workability that inventor also observes slurry is not fine. By contrast, metakaolin and vermiculite power in additive, have been added simultaneously, the water retention of slurry is high, after condensing, intensity is high, illustrate that while metakaolin and vermiculite power have produced synergy, both increased the water retention of dry powder and mortar, and improved again the intensity of dry powder and mortar, and improvement degree is along with the content increase of additive is further obvious.
Inventor contrasted at metakaolin and expanded vermiculite powder shared in the situation that, whether add organic thickening agent and the air entraining agent performance impact for dry powder and mortar. Here the formula of additive is in table 4; The mixing situation of additive and other components of dry powder and mortar is identical with E1-1 group situation, the addition of additive be dry powder and mortar base-material gross weight 1%; The performance of the dry powder and mortar obtaining is in table 5.
Table 4
| Component | Embodiment 2(E2) | Embodiment 3(E3) | Comparative example 3(D3) |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl fiber ether | 40 | 30 | - |
| Lauryl sodium sulfate | 3 | 0.5 | - |
| Slag | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Breeze | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Perlite | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Dicalcium powder | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Metakaolin | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Expanded vermiculite powder | 50 | 50 | 50 |
Table 5.
| Sequence number | Water retention | Denseness mm | Setting time | Qinshui situation | 7D intensity Mpa | 28D intensity MPa | 14d adhesion strength |
| E2 | 89.3 | 110 | 4h10min | Generally | 10.4 | 18.8 | 0.5 |
| E3 | 89.1 | 110 | 4h12min | Generally | 10.1 | 18.5 | 0.48 |
| D3 | 87.8 | 109 | 4h11min | Generally | 9.5 | 17.4 | 0.45 |
Inventor finds, the shared technology path of organic thickening agent and inorganic thickening agent is better, and the performance of dry powder and mortar is more stable, and water conservation effect and good leveling property are conducive to improve construction workability. This may be that the former is expanded and realized thickening by strand hydration because the thickening mechanism of organic thickening agent and inorganic thickening agent is different, and the latter forms thixotropy by imbibition, and both share can keep more stable thickening effect; And add air entraining agent can improve workability, prevent cement second adsorption. In addition,, except lauryl sodium sulfate air entraining agent and hydroxypropyl methyl fiber ether thickener, inventor finds to select arrange in pairs or groups other water-soluble cellulose ether class thickener of other fatty sodium salt class air entraining agent also to have approximate effect.
Inventor also contrasted at metakaolin and expanded vermiculite powder shared in the situation that, add inorganic containing hole powder and dicalcium powder the performance impact for dry powder and mortar. The inorganic hole powder that contains here refers to one or more in slag, breeze, perlite, flyash, attapulgite. Concrete additive formula is in table 6; Additional and identical with E1-1 group situation with the mixing situation of other components of dry powder and mortar, the addition of additive be dry powder and mortar base-material gross weight 1%; The performance of the dry powder and mortar obtaining is in table 7.
Table 6
| Component | Embodiment 4(E4) | Embodiment 5(E5) | Embodiment 6(E6) | Embodiment 7(E7) | Comparative example 4(D4) | Comparative example 5(D5) |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl fiber ether | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| Lauryl sodium sulfate | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Slag | 100 | 90 | 100 | 90 | - | 100 |
| Breeze | 100 | 90 | - | - | - | 100 |
| Flyash | - | - | 100 | 90 | - | - |
| Perlite | 100 | 30 | 100 | 30 | - | 50 |
| Dicalcium powder | 80 | 150 | 80 | 150 | 100 | - |
| Metakaolin | 20 | 80 | 20 | 80 | 20 | 80 |
| Expanded vermiculite powder | 80 | 20 | 80 | 20 | 80 | 20 |
Table 7.
| Sequence number | Water retention | Denseness mm | Setting time | Qinshui situation | 7D intensity Mpa | 28D intensity MPa | 14d adhesion strength |
| E4 | 90.5 | 112 | 4h15min | Generally | 10.2 | 19.3 | 0.58 |
| E5 | 90.3 | 111 | 4h15min | Generally | 10.4 | 19.0 | 0.54 |
| E6 | 89.7 | 109 | 4h10min | Generally | 9.4 | 18.3 | 0.53 |
| E7 | 89.5 | 109 | 4h10min | Generally | 9.5 | 18.5 | 0.49 |
| D4 | 88.2 | 109 | 4h10min | Generally | 9.8 | 18.7 | 0.45 |
| D5 | 89.1 | 110 | 4h10min | Generally | 10.0 | 18.9 | 0.47 |
Inventor finds, above-mentioned inorganic containing hole powder and do not add dicalcium powder than adding in additive, or add dicalcium powder and do not add above-mentioned inorganic containing hole powder, inorganic better containing hole powder and the shared technology path of dicalcium powder: construction workability is good, and the wall leveling degree obtaining is improved. In additive, add containing hole powder and do not add dicalcium powder, the surperficial gloss and the planarization that after condensing, obtain are poor; Add dicalcium powder and do not add containing hole powder, slurry density increases, and construction workability declines to some extent.
In addition, as can be seen from Table 7, the inorganic hole powder that contains is made up of slag, breeze and perlite, is more conducive to the strength character of dry powder and mortar. This may be because breeze contains compared with the potassium ion of horn of plenty, sulfate ion, contributes to the activation of metakaolin and then promotes aquation, improves intensity.
You need to add is that, except dry powder mortar additive, other components in dry powder and mortar, as the umber of yellow ground, cement, flyash can also be adjusted within the specific limits. For example, using 800 parts of yellow ground as benchmark, in dry powder and mortar, the parts by weight of cement and flyash can also be adjusted respectively between 100 ~ 150 parts, 50 ~ 100 parts.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a dry powder mortar additive, is characterized in that, described dry powder mortar additive comprises inorganic thickening agent, and inorganic thickening agent is sheet metakaolin and the graininess expanded vermiculite powder mixture of 20:80 ~ 80:20 by weight; Described metakaolin is the metakaolin below 1250 orders, and described expanded vermiculite powder is the expanded vermiculite powder below 325 orders; Described dry powder mortar additive also comprises organic thickening agent and air entraining agent, and described organic thickening agent is water-soluble cellulose ether class thickener, and described air entraining agent is lauryl sodium sulfate; The weight ratio of described inorganic thickening agent, organic thickening agent and air entraining agent is 100:30 ~ 50:0.5 ~ 3.
2. dry powder mortar additive as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-soluble cellulose ether water-loss reducer is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.
3. dry powder mortar additive as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dry powder mortar additive also comprises inorganic containing hole powder and dicalcium powder, and wherein said inorganic thickening agent, the described inorganic weight ratio containing hole powder, described dicalcium powder, described organic thickening agent and described air entraining agent are 100:210 ~ 300:80 ~ 150:30 ~ 50:0.5 ~ 3; Described inorganic containing hole powder be one or more in flyash, expanded perlite, slag, breeze, attapulgite.
4. dry powder mortar additive as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the described inorganic hole powder that contains is made up of expanded perlite, slag, flyash, and the weight ratio of expanded perlite, slag, flyash is 1:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
5. dry powder mortar additive as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the described inorganic hole powder that contains is made up of expanded perlite, slag, breeze, and the weight ratio of expanded perlite, slag, breeze is 1:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
6. a dry powder and mortar, is characterized in that, comprises the dry powder mortar additive described in claim 1 to 5 any one; Taking the base-material gross weight of described dry powder and mortar as benchmark, the amount of described dry powder mortar additive is 0.1 ~ 3 % by weight.
7. dry powder and mortar as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, taking the base-material gross weight of described dry powder and mortar as benchmark, the amount of described dry powder mortar additive is 1 ~ 2 % by weight.
8. dry powder and mortar as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described dry powder and mortar is made up of cement, flyash, yellow ground and described dry powder mortar additive, and wherein the weight ratio of cement, flyash, yellow ground is 10 ~ 15:5 ~ 10:80.
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| CN105198482B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2019-01-11 | 诸暨市兆山天峰干混砂浆有限公司 | Aerated-block special masonry mortar |
| CN109250952A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-22 | 福建三凯建筑材料有限公司 | A kind of additive and mortar for mortar |
| CN110563371A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-13 | 珠海春禾新材料研究院有限公司 | Regulator for segregation concrete and regulating method thereof |
| CN110734247A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-31 | 宁波新广亿建材有限公司 | kinds of dry cement mortar powder |
| CN111807744B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-06-03 | 重庆思贝肯节能技术开发有限公司 | Foaming cement paste inorganic thickening agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113372055B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-04-22 | 温州德尔福节能科技股份有限公司 | Production process of masonry mortar |
| CN114605105B (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-12-20 | 宁波新广亿建材有限公司 | Dry-mixed mortar thickening agent and preparation method thereof |
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