JP2008276176A - Optical guiding member, optical waveguide and light guide plate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an optical guide member that excels in film forming property, adhesion to substrate and film materials, and adhesion onto layered surface, and that even if used for a prolonged period of time, is free from cracking, peeling or coloring. <P>SOLUTION: The optical guiding member is formed, by laminating two or more layers different in refractive index, wherein at least one layer among the layers is provided with the following characteristics and also a light source having the main wavelength 500 nm or shorter at emission peak is contained. A polar group be contained in the interface with other layers, the value of hardness in Shore A be 5-100 or in Shore D 0-85, and siloxane coupling be present. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel light guide member, optical waveguide, and light guide plate. Specifically, the present invention relates to a light guide member, an optical waveguide, and a light guide plate that are excellent in film formability, adhesion to a substrate, and adhesion on a laminated surface.

In recent years, there has been remarkable progress in optical communication systems. Especially in optical waveguides for transmitting optical signals, which are used in optical transceiver modules, further development of high-productivity, low-cost and high-quality materials has been made. It is desired. Also, in so-called optical equipment, for example, when displaying a display unit of a display device such as a display, a button part of a facsimile, a telephone, a mobile phone, or other various household appliances, a light source that emits light from a light source at a desired part is displayed. The demand level of high quality is also increasing in the optical plate.
For example, in Cited Document 1, a siloxane polymer having a specific weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight was used for the purpose of providing an optical waveguide with less cracking and excellent environmental reliability such as temperature cycle. An invention of an optical waveguide is disclosed.
JP 2004-91579 A

  In recent years, with the increase in brightness and practical use of semiconductor light-emitting devices (LEDs) having a main wavelength of emission peak in the near ultraviolet to blue, development of a light guide member using this as a light source is desired. That is, a light guide member having a high light transmission effect of near ultraviolet light to blue light is effective when a near ultraviolet light to blue LED is used as a light source. As such a material, a compound having a siloxane skeleton such as a silicone resin is used. You can choose.

  However, since the light guide member having a general conventional siloxane skeleton including the cited document 1 is hard and brittle, when a thick film is formed or a coating film is applied to a complicated substrate, the occurrence of cracks, etc. There was a problem. Moreover, in the conventional light guide member, since the adhesiveness with a board | substrate or the film material laminated | stacked for the purpose of moisture-proof is not enough, there existed the subject of coating-film peeling. Moreover, in the conventional light guide member, since the adhesiveness in a lamination | stacking surface is not enough when the layer from which a material differs is laminated | stacked, there existed the subject of coating-film peeling.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. That is, the object of the present invention is flexible, has excellent adhesion to a substrate or film material, and adhesion on a laminated surface, and does not cause cracking, peeling or coloring even after long-term use. An object of the present invention is to provide a light guide member, and an optical waveguide and a light guide plate using the same.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a specific polymer containing a polar group at the interface between layers and having a relatively low hardness and having a siloxane bond is thickened. It is possible to freely control thinning and the like, and the occurrence of cracks is suppressed even when used for a long period of time, and it is found that peeling from a substrate or a film material and peeling on a laminated surface is suppressed. Was completed.

That is, the gist of the present invention resides in a light guide member, an optical waveguide, and a light guide plate having any one of the following [1] to [12].
[1] A light guide member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated, wherein at least one of the layers has the following characteristics, and a light source having an emission peak principal wavelength of 500 nm or less A light guide member comprising the light guide member.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond.

[2] An optical member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated, and at least two layers in contact with each other satisfy the following conditions.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond.

[3] A light guide member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated, wherein at least one of the layers has the following characteristics, and a main wavelength of an emission peak is 500 nm or less A light guide member comprising:
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond.

[4] An optical member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated, and at least two layers in contact with each other satisfy the following conditions.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond.

[5] The light guide member according to [3] or [4] above, which has a layer having a haze value of 50 or more.
[6] The light guide member according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the layer satisfying the above conditions 1) to 3) contains a vinyl group and / or a hydrosilyl group.
[7] The light guide member according to any one of [1] to [6], further including a layer containing inorganic particles.
[8] The light guide member according to [7], wherein the inorganic particles have a median particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm.
[9] The above-mentioned [1] to [8, comprising a layer containing inorganic particles having a median particle diameter of 0.05 to 50 μm and a layer containing inorganic particles having a median particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm. ] The light guide member of any one of.
[10] The light guide member according to any one of [1] to [9], further including a layer containing a phosphor.
[11] The light guide member according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein an angle formed between the side surface and the laminated surface is not less than 30 degrees and not more than 80 degrees.
[12] The light guide member according to any one of [1] to [11], further including a boundary portion penetrating at least two of the layers.

[13] An optical waveguide formed by using the light guide member according to any one of [1] to [12].

[14] A light guide plate formed using the light guide member according to any one of [1] to [12].

The light guide member of the present invention has flexibility, is excellent in adhesion at the time of lamination, suppresses the generation of cracks even during long-term use, and suppresses peeling from the substrate and peeling on the laminated surface.
The optical waveguide and the light guide plate formed using the light guide member of the present invention can be freely set in film thickness from a thick film to a thin film, and the generation of cracks is suppressed even in long-term use. Is prevented from peeling.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

[1] Description of each layer constituting light guide member The light guide member of the present invention is characterized in that two or more layers are laminated. And the 1st and 3rd light guide member of this invention is equipped with the light source whose principal wavelength of a light emission peak is 500 nm or less, and at least 1 layer of the said laminated | stacked layer has the characteristic shown below. In the second and fourth light guide members of the present invention, at least two layers in contact with each other among the above layers have the following characteristics. Furthermore, in any of the light guide members, it is preferable that the stacked layers have the characteristics shown below. In addition, in the following description, when it says without distinguishing the 1st-4th light guide member of this invention, it is called the light guide member of this invention.

1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond.
Hereinafter, the characteristics of a layer having the above-described characteristics (hereinafter referred to as “specific layer” as appropriate) among the layers constituting the light guide member of the present invention will be described first, focusing on these characteristics 1) to 3).

[1-1] Property 1): Polar group In the light guide member of the present invention, the specific layer contains a polar group at the interface with other layers. That is, the specific layer contains a compound having a polar group so as to have a polar group at the interface with another layer. Although there is no restriction | limiting in the kind of such polar groups, For example, a silanol group, an amino group, its derivative group, an alkoxy silyl group, a carbonyl group, an epoxy group, a carboxy group, a carbinol group (-COH), a methacryl group, cyano Group, sulfone group and the like. In addition, the specific layer may contain only any one type of polar group, and may contain two or more types of polar groups in any combination and ratio.
Thus, when the specific layer has a polar group at the interface with another layer, the two layers are in close contact with each other, and lamination by overcoating becomes possible.

The polar group contained in the specific layer according to the present invention has a hydrogen bond with a predetermined functional group (for example, a hydroxyl group, oxygen in a metalloxane bond, etc.) present on the surface of a resin such as polyphthalamide, ceramic or metal. It is possible and expresses high adhesion. The substrate for installing the light guide member is usually made of resin, ceramic or metal. Moreover, a hydroxyl group usually exists on the surface of ceramic or metal. On the other hand, the specific layer usually has a functional group capable of hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl group. Therefore, the light guide member of the present invention having the specific layer is excellent in adhesion to the substrate due to the hydrogen bond.
The presence or absence of a substantial polar group in the specific layer can be confirmed by IR (infrared spectroscopy) analysis and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance).

  By the way, these polar groups may be contained in the specific layer from the beginning, or may be added later to the surface of the specific layer by application of a primer or surface treatment. Therefore, from this point of view, specific examples of the relationship between any two layers (including a specific layer and a layer other than the specific layer) constituting the light guide member of the present invention are shown in FIGS. A configuration such as (f) can be mentioned. However, the relationship of the layers constituting the light guide member of the present invention is not limited to the following specific examples.

  For example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11 (a), there is a configuration in which the two stacked layers are both formed with a specific layer S containing a polar group from the beginning. In this case, both specific layers adhere well due to the polar group contained in the specific layer S.

  Further, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11B, one of the two laminated layers is a specific layer S containing a polar group from the beginning, and the other is formed of a layer O containing no polar group. The structure currently made is mentioned. Even in this case, the adhesion is improved as compared with the conventional case due to the polar group contained in the specific layer S.

  Further, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11 (c), the two laminated layers are initially formed of a layer O not containing a polar group, and a primer P is interposed between both layers O and O. The structure currently apply | coated is mentioned. In this case, polar groups are imparted to the surfaces of both layers O and O by the primer P. Thereby, adhesiveness improves. In this case, since the portion containing the polar group is only an interface between the two layers and is substantially a thin film, even if a polar group that is easily colored by light or heat is introduced, the light guide function is hardly affected. . When the layer O satisfies the characteristics 2) and 3), these layers O have polar groups by the primer P, and thus function as specific layers.

  Further, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11 (d), the two laminated layers are both formed from a specific layer S containing a polar group from the beginning, and a primer is provided between the specific layers S and S. Examples include a configuration in which P is applied. In this case, the adhesion between the two specific layers S, S is particularly excellent by the primer P.

  Furthermore, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11 (e), one of the two laminated layers is a specific layer S containing a polar group from the beginning, and the other is a layer O not containing a polar group at first. Furthermore, the structure by which the primer P is apply | coated between the specific layer S and the layer O is mentioned. In this case, the adhesion between the specific layer S and the layer O is improved by the primer P as compared with the case described with reference to FIG. Even in this case, when the layer O satisfies the characteristics 2) and 3), these layers O have polar groups due to the primer P, and thus function as specific layers. .

  Further, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 11 (f), a specific layer S containing a polar group is first laminated on a layer O that does not contain a polar group, and the component of the specific layer S is a layer. A configuration in which a part of O is soaked to assist adhesion is mentioned. The soaking of such a component is carried out by soaking the forming liquid of the specific layer S as the upper layer into the layer O as the lower layer.

[1-2] Property (2): Hardness Measurement Value The hardness measurement value is an index for evaluating the hardness of the characteristic layer of the light guide member of the present invention, and is measured by the following hardness measurement method.
In the light guide member of the present invention, the specific layer is preferably a member having a relatively low hardness, preferably a member having an elastomeric shape. That is, the light guide member of the present invention uses a plurality of members having different thermal expansion coefficients in the substrate or each layer, but the specific layer has a relatively low hardness as described above, and preferably exhibits an elastomeric shape. Thus, the light guide member of the present invention having the specific layer and the characteristic layer can relieve stress due to expansion and contraction of the respective components. Therefore, it is possible to provide a light guide member that is less likely to cause peeling, cracking, disconnection, and the like during use, and is excellent in reflow resistance and temperature cycle resistance.

  Specifically, the specific layer has a durometer type A hardness measurement value (Shore A) of 5 or more, preferably 7 or more, more preferably 10 or more, and usually 100 or less, preferably 80 or less, more preferably. 70 or less. Or the hardness measurement value (Shore D) by durometer type D is 0 or more, and usually 85 or less, preferably 80 or less, more preferably 75 or less. By having a hardness measurement value in the above range, the light guide member of the present invention having the specific layer and the specific layer is less prone to cracking, and has the advantage of being excellent in reflow resistance and temperature cycle resistance. . In addition, when the substrate on which the specific layer is applied is a thin substrate such as a flexible substrate, the substrate and the specific layer may be warped due to curing shrinkage stress due to the lamination of the specific layer. For this reason, it is preferable that the specific layer is formed of a material having a rubber elasticity of Shore A of 5 or more and 80 or less.

[Hardness measurement method]
The hardness measurement value (Shore A) can be measured by the method described in JIS K6253. Specifically, the measurement can be performed using an A-type rubber hardness meter manufactured by Furusato Seiki Seisakusho.
On the other hand, the hardness measurement value (Shore D) can be measured by the method described in JIS K6253. Specifically, the measurement can be performed using a D-type plastic hardness meter manufactured by Furusato Seiki Seisakusho.

[1-3] Property (3): Siloxane bond In the light guide member of the present invention, the specific layer contains a siloxane bond. That is, the specific layer is formed including a compound having a siloxane bond.
Examples of the compound having a siloxane bond include inorganic materials, glass materials, and organic materials. Among these, specific examples of inorganic materials include hydrolytic polymerization of a solution containing silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, and a metal alkoxide, a ceramic precursor polymer, or a metal alkoxide by a sol-gel method. And an inorganic material obtained by solidifying the solution or a combination thereof. Specific examples of the glass material include glass materials such as borosilicate, phosphosilicate, and alkali silicate. Furthermore, specific examples of organic materials include organic materials (silicone materials) such as polyorganosiloxane. In addition, the compound which has a siloxane bond may use only 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
Among the compounds having a siloxane bond, a silicone material is preferable from the viewpoint of easy handling. Hereinafter, this silicone material will be described in detail.

[1-3-1] Silicone-based material The silicone-based material usually refers to an organic polymer having a siloxane bond as a main chain. Can be mentioned.
(R ¹ R ² R ³ SiO _1/2 ) _M (R ⁴ R ⁵ SiO _2/2 ) _D (R ⁶ SiO _3/2 ) _T (SiO _4/2 ) _Q Formula (1)

In the general composition formula (1), R ¹ to R ⁶ represent those selected from the group consisting of organic functional groups, hydroxyl groups and hydrogen atoms. R ¹ to R ⁶ may be the same or different.
In the general composition formula (1), M, D, T, and Q represent a number of 0 or more and less than 1. However, it is a number satisfying M + D + T + Q = 1.
In addition, when forming a specific layer using the said silicone type material, after sealing using a liquid silicone type material, it should just harden | cure with a heat | fever or light.

[1-3-2] Types of silicone materials Silicone materials such as addition polymerization curing type, condensation polymerization curing type, ultraviolet curing type, and peroxide cross-linking type are usually classified as silicone materials are classified according to the mechanism of curing. Can be mentioned. Among these, addition polymerization curing type (addition type silicone resin), condensation curing type (condensation type silicone resin), and ultraviolet curing type are preferable. Hereinafter, the addition type silicone material and the condensation type silicone material will be described.

[1-3-2-1] Addition type silicone material The addition type silicone material refers to a polyorganosiloxane chain crosslinked by an organic addition bond. A typical example is a compound having a Si—C—C—Si bond at a crosslinking point obtained by reacting vinylsilane and hydrosilane in the presence of an addition catalyst such as a Pt catalyst. As these, commercially available products can be used. Specific examples of addition polymerization curing type trade names include “LPS-1400”, “LPS-2410”, and “LPS-3400” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. In addition, the specific layer formed using such an addition-type silicone material usually contains a vinyl group and / or a hydrosilyl group, although in a small amount.

[1-3-2-2] Condensation type silicone material Examples of the condensation type silicone material include a compound having a Si—O—Si bond obtained by hydrolysis and polycondensation of alkylalkoxysilane at a crosslinking point. be able to. Specific examples include polycondensates obtained by hydrolysis and polycondensation of compounds represented by the following general formula (2) and / or (3) and / or oligomers thereof.

M ^{m +} X _n Y ¹ _mn (2)
(In the formula (2), M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, zirconium, and titanium, X represents a hydrolyzable group, and Y ¹ represents a monovalent group. Represents an organic group, m represents an integer of 1 or more representing the valence of M, and n represents an integer of 1 or more representing the number of X groups, provided that m ≧ n.

_{^{(M s + X t Y 1}} st-1) u Y 2 (3)
(In Formula (3), M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminum, zirconium, and titanium, X represents a hydrolyzable group, and Y ¹ represents a monovalent group. Represents an organic group, Y ² represents a u-valent organic group, s represents an integer of 1 or more representing the valence of M, t represents an integer of 1 or more and s−1 or less, u represents Represents an integer of 2 or more.)

[1-3-3] Curing catalyst The condensation type silicone material may contain a curing catalyst. As the curing catalyst, any catalyst can be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired. For example, any catalyst that is active in the dehydration or dealcoholization condensation of an alkoxysilyl group or silanol can be used. Also good. Specific examples include metal salts such as Ti, Al, Sn, Ta, Zn, and Zr, metal chelate compounds, and amines. Of these, metal chelate compounds are preferred. The metal salt and the metal chelate compound are preferably those containing any one or more selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, Sn, Ta, Zn and Zr, and more preferably those containing Zr. In addition, only 1 type may be used for a curing catalyst and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

[1-3-4] Method for Confirming Siloxane Bond Whether or not the specific layer has a siloxane bond can be confirmed by solid-state Si-NMR and IR analysis.

[1-4] Other properties The specific layer of the light guide member of the present invention has the above-mentioned properties as main characteristics, but preferably has the following structure and properties.

[1-4-1] UV transmittance When the specific layer according to the present invention is used for a light guide or a light guide plate with a semiconductor light emitting element or the like as a light source, the light at a light emission wavelength of the light source with a film thickness of 1 mm is used. The transmittance (transmittance) is usually 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, and more preferably 90% or more. When a specific layer is used as a light-transmitting part in the light guide member, if the transparency of the light-transmitting part is low, the luminance of the light source using the light-transmitting part is reduced. Therefore, the final product such as a high-brightness optical waveguide or light guide plate It becomes difficult to get.

  Here, for example, in the case of a semiconductor light-emitting device, the value varies depending on the type of the light-emitting element, but is generally 300 nm or more, preferably 350 nm or more, and usually 900 nm or less, preferably It refers to a wavelength in the range of 500 nm or less. If the light transmittance at a wavelength in this range is low, the specific layer absorbs light, the light extraction efficiency is lowered, and a high-intensity optical waveguide or light guide plate cannot be obtained. Furthermore, the energy corresponding to the decrease in the light extraction efficiency changes to heat, which causes thermal deterioration of the optical waveguide or the light guide plate, which is not preferable.

In the ultraviolet to blue region (wavelength 300 nm to 500 nm), the optical material easily deteriorates. Therefore, if a specific layer according to the present invention having excellent durability is used for a light source having an emission wavelength in this region, This is preferable because the effect is increased.
The light transmittance of the optical material such as the material of the specific layer should be measured with an ultraviolet spectrophotometer using, for example, a sample of a single cured film having a smooth surface molded to a film thickness of 1 mm by the following method. Can do.

(Measurement of transmittance)
Using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV-3100, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) with a single cured film having a smooth surface with a thickness of about 1 mm that is not scattered by scratches or unevenness of the optical material, light is emitted at a wavelength of 200 nm to 800 nm. Measure transmittance.

[1-4-2] Molecular weight There is no restriction | limiting in the molecular weight of the material which forms the specific layer based on this invention. However, the coating liquid (specific layer forming liquid described later) used for forming the specific layer is a polystyrene-reduced weight average molecular weight (Mw) obtained by measuring the material forming the specific layer by GPC (gel permeation chromatography). However, it is usually 200 or more, preferably 500 or more, more preferably 900 or more, still more preferably 3200 or more, and usually 400,000 or less, preferably 70,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or less. If the weight average molecular weight is too small, it will volatilize during curing or contain a high concentration of crosslinkable terminals such as alkoxy groups, hydroxyl groups, vinyl groups, hydrosilyl groups, etc. Therefore, when used in the vicinity of blue to ultraviolet LEDs, the catalyst-derived transmittance tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the weight average molecular weight is too large, the liquid will have a high viscosity, resulting in poor leveling during coating, insufficient penetration of fine wiring and irregularities on the substrate, and insufficient liquid wrapping. Therefore, the filling efficiency tends to deteriorate.
For example, in the case of forming a specific layer that is cured by cross-linking of a vinyl group and a hydrosilyl group, a two-component type in which two or more specific layer forming liquids are used in combination for storage stability and use time. Sometimes. In this case, the weight average molecular weight is a value of the specific layer forming liquid after mixing the liquid to be used together. In addition, when the molecular weight distribution shows a shape having two or more peaks such as two peaks and three peaks, the average value over the entire section is used as the value of the weight average molecular weight.

[1-4-3] Tackiness The specific layer according to the present invention preferably has low tackiness on the surface. Generally, silicone rubber has tackiness (stickiness) on the surface of the cured product. However, if the tackiness is high, the products may be stacked and may not be handled individually in the course of the manufacturing process, or may not be transported satisfactorily.

[1-4-4] Tensile stress When an external force is applied to an object, the force that the object tries to resist to keep its original shape is called tensile stress. The specific layer has a stress relaxation force and preferably follows external forces such as bending and deformation. The tensile stress range of the specific layer is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, preferably 0.3 MPa or more, more preferably 0.4 MPa or more, and the upper limit is usually 50 MPa or less, preferably 30 MPa or less, more preferably 20 MPa or less. If the tensile stress is too small, the mechanical strength is insufficient and may be inappropriate for the light guide plate application. If it is too large, the material may be a hard material having insufficient stress relaxation force. However, when a specific layer is provided on a thick substrate that is unlikely to undergo deformation such as twisting and warping, the tensile stress of the specific layer is arbitrary. Further, when the specific layer is provided on the flexible substrate having a thickness of 500 μm or less, it is particularly preferable that the specific layer can relieve stress and the tensile stress is 0.1 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less.
The tensile stress can be measured based on JIS K6250.

[1-5. Other layers]
The light guide member of the present invention may have a layer other than the specific layer. A publicly known layer can be arbitrarily applied as a layer other than the specific layer. Further, only one layer other than the specific layer may be provided, or two or more layers may be provided.
However, in order to obtain the effect of the present invention more remarkably, it is preferable that more of the layers of the light guide member of the present invention have the characteristics as the specific layer, and all the layers have It is more preferable to have the characteristics as the specific layer.

[1-6] Method for Producing Each Layer of Light Guide Member The method for producing the light guide member of the present invention is not particularly limited. Therefore, each layer which comprises the light guide member of this invention can each be manufactured by arbitrary methods. Usually, it can be produced by applying a liquid material of each layer (hereinafter referred to as “forming liquid” as appropriate) to a desired site to form a coating film, and curing the coating film with heat or light. Accordingly, the specific layer is formed by, for example, applying a liquid specific layer material (hereinafter referred to as “specific layer forming liquid” as appropriate) to a desired portion to form a coating film, and curing the coating film by heat or light. Can be made.

  Furthermore, when producing a specific layer, it is preferable to appropriately perform a primer treatment in order to ensure that the specific layer has the above-mentioned preferable characteristics. In general, when an upper layer is laminated on the underlayer, when the upper layer is laminated directly on the underlayer, the self-adhesive property of the upper layer is insufficient and peeling or the like may occur. In order to prevent this, if necessary, an adhesive layer having adhesiveness to both the base layer and the upper layer may be applied as an intermediate layer between the base layer and the upper layer. Applying such an adhesive intermediate layer on the base layer is called primer treatment, and the coating solution is called a primer. By this primer treatment, it is possible to easily laminate two layers with insufficient adhesiveness with high adhesion. It is also possible to improve the adhesion with an upper layer not containing a polar group by applying a primer to the base layer not containing a polar group. In this case, the primer itself works in the same way as the polar group at the interface. The thickness of the primer layer formed by the primer treatment is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired, but is usually 10 μm or less, and preferably 5 μm or less.

  Moreover, you may make it surface-treat to a specific layer or the other layer or member which contacts the said specific layer. Examples of such surface treatment include, for example, formation of an adhesion improving layer using a primer or a silane coupling agent, chemical surface treatment using a chemical such as acid or alkali, plasma irradiation, ion irradiation or electron beam irradiation. Examples thereof include physical surface treatment used, roughening treatment such as sand blasting, etching and fine particle coating. In addition, examples of surface treatment for improving adhesion include, for example, “Surface Chemistry” Vol. No. 18 9, pp21-26, “Surface Chemistry” by Kazuo Kurosaki, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp 44-51 (1998), etc., and known surface treatment methods. Furthermore, ozone treatment can be performed.

[2] Light source The first and third light guide members of the present invention include a light source. Moreover, the 2nd and 4th light guide member of this invention may be provided with the light source. Usually, the light guide member of the present invention transmits light emitted from the light source and emits the light as it is or after converting the wavelength.
However, in the first and third light guide members of the present invention, the wavelength of the main wavelength of the light emission peak of this light source is 900 nm or less, preferably 700 nm or less, more preferably 500 nm or less. If the wavelength of the main wavelength of the light emission peak of the light source is too long, the light beam becomes a heat ray, which may cause damage to the light guide member or may be absorbed by the constituent members of the light guide member to cause transmission loss. In addition, although there is no restriction | limiting in the minimum of the wavelength of the said light emission peak, Usually, it is 300 nm or more, Preferably it is 350 nm or more, More preferably, it is 400 nm or more. If the wavelength of the main wavelength of the light emission peak of the light source is too short, the light beam becomes high energy ultraviolet light, which may cause a decrease in the transmittance of the light guide member.

The type of light source is not limited as long as it emits light having the above emission peak, but a semiconductor light emitting element is usually used. For example, a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD) can be given. Of these, GaN LEDs and LDs using GaN compound semiconductors are preferred. This is because GaN-based LEDs and LDs have significantly higher light output and external quantum efficiency than SiC-based LEDs that emit light in this region. This is because bright light emission can be obtained. For example, for a current load of 20 mA, GaN-based LEDs and LDs usually have a light emission intensity 100 times or more that of SiC-based. GaN-based LEDs and LDs preferably have an Al _x Ga _Y N light emitting layer, a GaN light emitting layer, or an In _x Ga _Y N light emitting layer. Among GaN-based LEDs, those having an In _X Ga _Y N light-emitting layer are particularly preferable because the emission intensity is very strong, and in GaN-based LDs, the multiple quantum of the In _X Ga _Y N layer and the GaN layer is preferred. A well structure is particularly preferable because the emission intensity is very strong.

In the above, the value of X + Y is usually a value in the range of 0.8 to 1.2. In the GaN-based LED, those in which the light emitting layer is doped with Zn or Si or those without a dopant are preferable for adjusting the light emission characteristics.
A GaN-based LED has these light-emitting layer, p-layer, n-layer, electrode, and substrate as basic components, and the light-emitting layer is composed of n-type and p-type Al _x Ga _y N layers, GaN layers, or In _x. Those having a heterostructure sandwiched by Ga _Y N layers or the like have high luminous efficiency, and those having a heterostructure having a quantum well structure have higher luminous efficiency and are more preferable.

  In addition, the light guide member of this invention may be provided with only one light source, and may be provided with two or more by arbitrary combinations and ratios. In addition to the above light source, the light guide member of the present invention may include another light source that does not have the main wavelength of the emission peak in the above wavelength range. Further, the light source may include a combination of a plurality of light sources having different emission colors such as so-called red, green, and blue.

[3] Other components Depending on the application, the light guide member of the present invention may contain other components other than the above-described compounds. Especially, the specific layer may contain the other component. Therefore, even when the specific layer is formed of the above-described compound having a siloxane bond, the specific layer may contain components other than the compound. For example, you may make a specific layer contain a fluorescent substance, an inorganic particle, etc. as needed. Moreover, only 1 type may be used for another component and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio. Hereinafter, the phosphor and the inorganic particles will be described.

[3-1] Phosphor The light guide member of the present invention can contain, for example, a phosphor in a phosphor-containing layer described later. In addition, fluorescent substance may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

[3-1-1] No particular limitation is imposed on the composition of the phosphor of the type phosphor, Y ₂ O _3, Zn ₂ metal oxide represented by SiO ₄ and the like is a crystalline matrix, Ca ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ Cl or the like phosphate and ZnS typified, SrS, sulfide represented by CaS or the like, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm , Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb , etc. A combination of rare earth metal ions and metal ions such as Ag, Cu, Au, Al, Mn, and Sb as activators or coactivators is preferred.

Preferred examples of the crystal matrix include sulfides such as (Zn, Cd) S, SrGa ₂ S ₄ , SrS, and ZnS, oxysulfides such as Y ₂ O ₂ S, and (Y, Gd) ₃ Al ₅ O. ₁₂ , YAlO ₃ , BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ , (Ba, Sr) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ , (Ba, Sr, Ca) (Mg, Zn, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ , BaAl ₁₂ O ₁₉ , CeMgAl ₁₁ O ₁₉ , (Ba, Sr, Mg) O.Al ₂ O ₃ , BaAl ₂ Si ₂ O ₈ , SrAl ₂ O ₄ , Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ , aluminate such as Y ₃ Al ₅ O ₁₂ , Y Silicates such as ₂ SiO ₅ and Zn ₂ SiO ₄ , oxides such as SnO ₂ and Y ₂ O ₃ , borates such as GdMgB ₅ O ₁₀ and (Y, Gd) BO ₃ , Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ ( _{F, Cl) 2, (Sr} , Ca, Ba, Mg) 10 (PO 4) halophosphate such as ₆ Cl _2, Sr ₂ P _{2 7,} it may be mentioned (La, Ce) phosphate PO _4, etc. and the like.

However, the above-mentioned crystal matrix and activator or coactivator are not particularly limited in elemental composition, and can be partially replaced with elements of the same family, and the obtained phosphor is light in the near ultraviolet to visible region. Any material that absorbs and emits visible light can be used.
Specifically, the following phosphors can be used, but these are merely examples, and phosphors that can be used in the present invention are not limited to these. In the examples of the phosphors in this specification, phosphors that are different only in a part of the structure are appropriately omitted. For example, “Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce ³⁺ ”, “Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Tb ³⁺ ” and “Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb ³⁺ ” are changed to “Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce ³⁺ , Tb”. ³⁺ ”,“ La ₂ O ₂ S: Eu ”,“ Y ₂ O ₂ S: Eu ”and“ (La, Y) ₂ O ₂ S: Eu ”are changed to“ (La, Y) ₂ O ₂ S: “Eu” collectively. Omitted parts are separated by commas (,).

[3-1-1-1] Red phosphor A specific wavelength range of fluorescence emitted by a phosphor emitting red fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as “red phosphor” as appropriate) is exemplified. A peak wavelength is usually 570 nm. Above, preferably 580 nm or more, usually 700 nm or less, preferably 680 nm or less.

Examples of such a red phosphor include europium activation represented by (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) ₂ Si ₅ N ₈ : Eu that is composed of fractured particles having a red fracture surface and emits light in the red region. An alkaline earth silicon nitride-based phosphor, composed of growing particles having a substantially spherical shape as a regular crystal growth shape, emits light in the red region (Y, La, Gd, Lu) ₂ O ₂ S: Eu Examples thereof include europium-activated rare earth oxychalcogenide phosphors.

  Furthermore, the oxynitride and / or acid containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, W, and Mo described in JP-A-2004-300247 A phosphor containing a sulfide and containing an oxynitride having an alpha sialon structure in which a part or all of the Al element is substituted with a Ga element can also be used. These are phosphors containing oxynitride and / or oxysulfide.

In addition, examples of red phosphors include Eu-activated oxysulfide phosphors such as (La, Y) ₂ O ₂ S: Eu, Y (V, P) O ₄ : Eu, Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu, and the like. Eu-activated oxide phosphors of (Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg) ₂ SiO ₄ : Eu, Mn, (Ba, Mg) ₂ SiO ₄ : Eu, Mn-activated silicate phosphors such as Eu, Mn, Eu-activated sulfide phosphors such as (Ca, Sr) S: Eu, Eu-activated aluminate phosphors such as YAlO ₃ : Eu, LiY ₉ (SiO ₄ ) ₆ O ₂ : Eu, Ca ₂ Y ₈ ( SiO ₄ ) ₆ O ₂ : Eu, (Sr, Ba, Ca) ₃ SiO ₅ : Eu, Sr ₂ BaSiO ₅ : Eu-activated silicate phosphor such as Eu, (Y, Gd) ₃ Al ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce _{, (Tb, Gd) 3 Al} 5 O 12: Ce -activated aluminate phosphor such as Ce, (Ca, Sr, Ba ) 2 Si 5 N 8: Eu, ( g, Ca, Sr, Ba) SiN 2: Eu, (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) AlSiN 3: Eu -activated nitride phosphor such as Eu, (Mg, Ca, Sr , Ba) AlSiN 3: Ce , etc. Ce-activated nitride phosphor, (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu, Mn-activated halophosphate phosphor such as Eu, Mn, (Ba ₃ Mg) Si _{2 O 8: Eu, Mn, (} Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg) 3 (Zn, Mg) Si 2 O 8: Eu, Eu such as Mn, Mn-activated silicate phosphor, 3.5MgO · 0.5MgF ₂ GeO ₂ : Mn-activated germanate phosphor such as Mn, Eu-activated oxynitride phosphor such as Eu-activated α sialon, (Gd, Y, Lu, La) ₂ O ₃ : Eu, Bi, etc. eu, Bi-activated oxide phosphor, (Gd, Y, Lu, La) 2 O 2 S: Eu, Eu Bi, etc., with Bi Oxysulfide phosphor, (Gd, Y, Lu, La) VO 4: Eu, Eu Bi, etc., Bi-activated vanadate phosphor, SrY ₂ S _4: Eu, such as Ce Eu, Ce-activated sulfide Phosphor, Ca-activated sulfide phosphor such as CaLa ₂ S ₄ : Ce, (Ba, Sr, Ca) MgP ₂ O ₇ : Eu, Mn, (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn) ₂ P ₂ O ₇ : Eu, Mn activated phosphate phosphor such as Eu, Mn, (Y, Lu) ₂ WO ₆ : Eu, Mo activated tungstate phosphor such as Eu, Mo, (Ba, Sr, Ca) ) _X Si _{y Nz} : Eu, Ce activated nitride phosphor such as Eu, Ce (where x, y, z are integers of 1 or more), (Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg) ₁₀ (PO _{4 ) 6 (F, Cl, Br} , OH): Eu, Eu such as Mn, Mn-activated halophosphate phosphor, ((Y, Lu, Gd , Tb) 1-x S It is also possible to use _{x Ce y) 2 (Ca,} Mg) 1-r (Mg, Zn) 2 + r Si zq Ge q O 12 + δ Ce -activated silicate phosphor such like.

  Examples of red phosphors include β-diketonates, β-diketones, aromatic carboxylic acids, red organic phosphors composed of rare earth element ion complexes having an anion such as Bronsted acid as a ligand, and perylene pigments (for example, Dibenzo {[f, f ′]-4,4 ′, 7,7′-tetraphenyl} diindeno [1,2,3-cd: 1 ′, 2 ′, 3′-lm] perylene), anthraquinone pigment, Lake pigments, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, anthracene pigments, isoindoline pigments, isoindolinone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, triphenylmethane basic dyes, indanthrone pigments, indophenol pigments, It is also possible to use a cyanine pigment or a dioxazine pigment.

Of the red phosphors, those having a peak wavelength in the range of 580 nm or more, preferably 590 nm or more, and 620 nm or less, preferably 610 nm or less can be suitably used as the orange phosphor. Examples of such orange phosphors include (Sr, Ba) ₃ SiO ₅ : Eu, (Sr, Mg) ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ : Sn ²⁺ , SrCaAlSiN ₃ : Eu, Eu-activated α sialon, etc. Examples include Eu-activated oxynitride phosphors.

[3-1-1-2] Green phosphor A specific wavelength range of fluorescence emitted by a phosphor emitting green fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as “green phosphor” as appropriate) is exemplified. A peak wavelength is usually 490 nm. Above, preferably 500 nm or more, and usually 570 nm or less, preferably 550 nm or less.
As such a green phosphor, for example, a europium activated alkali represented by (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) Si ₂ O ₂ N ₂ : Eu that is composed of fractured particles having a fracture surface and emits light in the green region. Europium-activated alkaline earth silicate composed of an earth silicon oxynitride phosphor, broken particles having a fracture surface, and emitting green light (Ba, Ca, Sr, Mg) ₂ SiO ₄ : Eu System phosphors and the like.

In addition, as the green phosphor, Eu-activated aluminate phosphors such as Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu, (Ba, Sr, Ca) Al ₂ O ₄ : Eu, (Sr, Ba) Al _{2 Si 2 O 8: Eu, (} Ba, Mg) 2 SiO 4: Eu, (Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg) 2 SiO 4: Eu, (Ba, Sr, Ca) 2 (Mg, Zn) Si 2 O 7 : Eu-activated silicate phosphor such as Eu, Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce, Tb-activated silicate phosphor such as Ce and Tb, Sr ₂ P ₂ O ₇ —Sr ₂ B ₂ O ₅ : Eu such as Eu Activated borate phosphor, Sr ₂ Si ₃ O ₈ -2SrCl ₂ : Eu activated halosilicate phosphor such as Eu, Zn ₂ SiO ₄ : Mn activated silicate phosphor such as Mn, CeMgAl ₁₁ O _{19: Tb, Y 3 Al 5} O 12: Tb -activated aluminate phosphors such as _{Tb, Ca 2 Y 8 (SiO} 4) 6 O 2 _{Tb, La 3 Ga 5 SiO 14} : Tb -activated silicate phosphors such as Tb, (Sr, Ba, Ca ) Ga 2 S 4: Eu, Tb, and Sm, such as Eu, Tb, Sm-activated thiogallate phosphor, Ce-activated aluminate phosphor such as Y ₃ (Al, Ga) ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce, (Y, Ga, Tb, La, Sm, Pr, Lu) ₃ (Al, Ga) ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce, Ca-activated silicate phosphor such as Ca ₃ Sc ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ : Ce, Ca ₃ (Sc, Mg, Na, Li) ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ : Ce, Ce-activated such as CaSc ₂ O ₄ : Ce Oxide phosphors, SrSi ₂ O ₂ N ₂ : Eu, (Sr, Ba, Ca) Si ₂ O ₂ N ₂ : Eu, Eu-activated oxynitride phosphors such as Eu-activated β-sialon, BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn activated aluminate phosphor such as Eu and Mn, SrAl ₂ O ₄ : Eu activated alumina such as Eu Salt phosphor, Tb activated oxysulfide phosphor such as (La, Gd, Y) ₂ O ₂ S: Tb, Ce, Tb activated phosphate phosphor such as LaPO ₄ : Ce, Tb, ZnS: Cu , Al, ZnS: sulfide phosphors such as Cu, Au, Al, (Y, Ga, Lu, Sc, La) BO ₃ : Ce, Tb, Na ₂ Gd ₂ B ₂ O ₇ : Ce, Tb, (Ba , Sr) ₂ (Ca, Mg, Zn) B ₂ O ₆ : Ce, Tb activated borate phosphors such as K, Ce, Tb, etc., Eu such as Ca ₈ Mg (SiO ₄ ) ₄ Cl ₂ : Eu, Mn, etc. , Mn-activated halosilicate phosphor, (Sr, Ca, Ba) (Al, Ga, In) ₂ S ₄ : Eu-activated thioaluminate phosphor or thiogallate phosphor such as Eu, (Ca, Sr) _{8 (Mg, Zn) (SiO 4} ) 4 Cl 2: Eu, Eu such as Mn, also possible to use Mn-activated halo-silicate phosphors such A.

  Examples of green phosphors include pyridine-phthalimide condensed derivatives, benzoxazinone-based, quinazolinone-based, coumarin-based, quinophthalone-based, naltalimide-based fluorescent dyes, terbium complexes having hexyl salicylate as a ligand, etc. It is also possible to use organic phosphors.

[3-1-1-3] Blue phosphor A specific wavelength range of fluorescence emitted by a phosphor emitting blue fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as “blue phosphor” as appropriate) is exemplified. A peak wavelength is usually 420 nm. Above, preferably 440 nm or more, and usually 480 nm or less, preferably 470 nm or less.
As such a blue phosphor, a europium-activated barium magnesium aluminate system represented by BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu composed of growing particles having a substantially hexagonal shape as a regular crystal growth shape and emitting light in a blue region. Europium activated halo represented by (Ca, Sr, Ba) ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ Cl: Eu, which is composed of phosphors and growing particles having a substantially spherical shape as a regular crystal growth shape, and emits light in the blue region. Calcium phosphate-based phosphor, composed of growing particles having an approximately cubic shape as a regular crystal growth shape, emits light in the blue region, and is activated by europium represented by (Ca, Sr, Ba) ₂ B ₅ O ₉ Cl: Eu It is composed of alkaline earth chloroborate phosphors and fractured particles having fractured surfaces, and emits light in the blue-green region (S _{, Ca, Ba) Al 2 O} 4: Eu or _{(Sr, Ca, Ba) 4} Al 14 O 25: activated alkaline earth with europium aluminate-based phosphor such as represented by Eu and the like.

In addition, as the blue phosphor, Sn-activated phosphate phosphors such as Sr ₂ P ₂ O ₇ : Sn, Sr ₄ Al ₁₄ O ₂₅ : Eu, BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, BaAl ₈ O ₁₃ : Eu-activated aluminate phosphors such as Eu, Ce-activated thiogallate phosphors such as SrGa ₂ S ₄ : Ce, CaGa ₂ S ₄ : Ce, (Ba, Sr, Ca) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, BaMgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu-activated aluminate phosphor such as Eu, Tb, Sm, (Ba, Sr, Ca) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ : Eu, Mn-activated aluminate phosphor such as Eu, Mn, (Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ Cl ₂ : Eu, (Ba, Sr, Ca) ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ (Cl, F, Br, OH): Eu activation such as Eu, Mn, Sb Halophosphate phosphor, BaAl ₂ Si ₂ O ₈ : Eu, (Sr, Ba) ₃ Eu-activated silicate phosphor such as MgSi ₂ O ₈ : Eu, Eu-activated phosphate phosphor such as Sr ₂ P ₂ O ₇ : Eu, sulfide fluorescence such as ZnS: Ag, ZnS: Ag, Al Body, Ce activated silicate phosphor such as Y ₂ SiO ₅ : Ce, tungstate phosphor such as CaWO ₄ , (Ba, Sr, Ca) BPO ₅ : Eu, Mn, (Sr, Ca) ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ · nB ₂ O ₃ : Eu, 2SrO · 0.84P ₂ O ₅ · 0.16B ₂ O ₃ : Eu, Mn-activated borate phosphate phosphor such as Eu, Sr ₂ Si ₃ O ₈ · 2SrCl ₂ : Eu-activated halosilicate phosphor such as Eu can be used.
In addition, as the blue phosphor, for example, naphthalic acid imide-based, benzoxazole-based, styryl-based, coumarin-based, pyrazoline-based, triazole-based compound fluorescent dyes, thulium complexes and other organic phosphors can be used. .

[3-1-1-4] Yellow phosphor A specific wavelength range of fluorescence emitted by a phosphor emitting yellow fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as “yellow phosphor” as appropriate) is usually 530 nm or more, preferably Is preferably in the wavelength range of 540 nm or more, more preferably 550 nm or more, and usually 620 nm or less, preferably 600 nm or less, more preferably 580 nm or less. If the emission peak wavelength of the yellow phosphor is too short, the yellow component may be reduced and the color rendering properties may be inferior. If it is too long, the luminance of the light emitted from the light guide member may be reduced.

Examples of such yellow phosphors include various oxide, nitride, oxynitride, sulfide, and oxysulfide phosphors. In particular, RE ₃ M ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (where RE represents at least one element of Y, Tb, Gd, Lu, and Sm, and M represents at least one element of Al, Ga, and Sc. . representing) and ^{_{M 2 3 M 3 2 M 4}} 3 O 12: Ce ( here, M ² is a divalent metal element, M ³ is a trivalent metal element, M ⁴ is a tetravalent metal element), etc. Garnet-based phosphor having a garnet structure, AE ₂ M ⁵ O ₄ : Eu (where AE represents at least one element of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Zn, and M ⁵ represents Si , Ge represents at least one element)), oxynitride phosphors in which part of oxygen of the constituent elements of these phosphors is replaced by nitrogen, AEAlSiN ₃ : Ce (where AE is an element of at least one of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, Zn) And a phosphor activated with Ce such as a nitride-based phosphor having a CaAlSiN ₃ structure.
In addition, examples of yellow phosphors include sulfide phosphors such as CaGa ₂ S ₄ : Eu (Ca, Sr) Ga ₂ S ₄ : Eu, (Ca, Sr) (Ga, Al) ₂ S ₄ : Eu. It is also possible to use a phosphor activated with Eu such as an oxynitride phosphor having a SiAlON structure such as Ca x (Si, Al) ₁₂ (O, N) ₁₆ : Eu.

[3-1-1-5] Other phosphors The light guide member of the present invention may contain phosphors other than those described above. For example, the layer constituting the light guide member of the present invention may be a fluorescent glass in which an ionic fluorescent material or an organic / inorganic fluorescent component is dissolved and dispersed uniformly and transparently.

[3-1-2] Particle size of phosphor The particle size of the phosphor used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is the median particle size (D ₅₀ ), usually 0.1 μm or more, preferably 2 μm or more, and Preferably it is 5 micrometers or more. Moreover, it is 100 micrometers or less normally, Preferably it is 50 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 20 micrometers or less. When the median particle diameter (D ₅₀ ) of the phosphor is in the above range, light transmitted from the light source is sufficiently scattered in the phosphor-containing layer described later. In addition, since the light transmitted from the light source is sufficiently absorbed by the phosphor particles, wavelength conversion is performed with high efficiency, and light emitted from the phosphor is irradiated in all directions. Thereby, primary light from a plurality of types of phosphors can be mixed to make white, and uniform white light and illuminance can be obtained. On the other hand, when the median particle diameter (D ₅₀ ) of the phosphor is larger than the above range, the phosphor cannot sufficiently fill the space of the light emitting part, and thus the light transmitted from the light source is not sufficiently absorbed by the phosphor. there is a possibility. In addition, when the median particle diameter (D ₅₀ ) of the phosphor is smaller than the above range, the luminous efficiency of the phosphor is lowered, and the illuminance may be lowered.

The particle size distribution (QD) of the phosphor particles is preferably smaller in order to align the dispersed state of the particles in the phosphor-containing layer. However, in order to reduce the particle size, the classification yield is lowered and the cost is increased. 0.03 or more, preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more. Moreover, it is 0.4 or less normally, Preferably it is 0.3 or less, More preferably, it is 0.2 or less.
In the present invention, the median particle size (D ₅₀ ) and particle size distribution (QD) can be obtained from a weight-based particle size distribution curve. The weight-based particle size distribution curve is obtained by measuring the particle size distribution by a laser diffraction / scattering method, and specifically, for example, can be measured as follows.

[Method for measuring weight-based particle size distribution curve]
(1) A phosphor is dispersed in a solvent such as ethylene glycol in an environment where the temperature is 25 ° C. and the humidity is 70%.
(2) Measurement is performed in a particle size range of 0.1 μm to 600 μm with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (Horiba LA-300).
(3) In this weight-based particle size distribution curve, the particle size value when the integrated value is 50% is expressed as the median particle size D ₅₀ . Further, the particle size values when the integrated values are 25% and 75% are expressed as D ₂₅ and D ₇₅ , respectively, and defined as QD = (D ₇₅ −D ₂₅ ) / (D ₇₅ + D ₂₅ ). A small QD means a narrow particle size distribution.

  Further, the shape of the phosphor particles is arbitrary as long as it does not affect the formation of the phosphor-containing layer. For example, a forming liquid used for forming a phosphor-containing layer (hereinafter, referred to as “phosphor-containing layer forming liquid” as appropriate. For example, a specific layer forming liquid containing a phosphor is the same as the phosphor composition. The shape of the phosphor is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the fluidity of the phosphor.

[3-1-3] Surface treatment of phosphor The phosphor used in the present invention is subjected to a surface treatment for the purpose of enhancing water resistance or preventing unnecessary aggregation of the phosphor in the phosphor-containing layer. It may be broken. Examples of such surface treatment include surface treatment using an organic material, an inorganic material, a glass material and the like described in JP-A-2002-223008, and coating with a metal phosphate described in JP-A-2000-96045 and the like. Examples thereof include known treatments such as treatment, coating treatment with metal oxide, and silica coating.

As specific examples of the surface treatment, for example, the following surface treatments (i) to (iii) are performed in order to coat the surface of the phosphor with the metal phosphate.
(I) A predetermined amount of a water-soluble phosphate such as potassium phosphate or sodium phosphate, and at least one of alkaline earth metals such as calcium chloride, strontium sulfate, manganese chloride, and zinc nitrate, Zn and Mn The water-soluble metal salt compound is mixed in the phosphor suspension and stirred.
(Ii) A phosphate of at least one metal among alkaline earth metals, Zn and Mn is generated in the suspension, and the generated metal phosphate is deposited on the phosphor surface.
(Iii) Remove moisture.

Further, among other examples of surface treatment, suitable examples include silica coating, a method of neutralizing water glass to precipitate SiO ₂ , a method of surface treatment of hydrolyzed alkoxysilane (for example, In view of enhancing dispersibility, a method of subjecting a hydrolyzed alkoxysilane to a surface treatment is preferable.

[3-1-4] Method of mixing phosphors In the present invention, the method of incorporating phosphor particles in each layer is not particularly limited. For example, if the dispersed state of the phosphor particles is good, it is only necessary to post-mix them with the forming liquid of each layer. That is, the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid is prepared by mixing the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid and the phosphor, and the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid is used to produce the phosphor-containing layer. . In particular, when the phosphor-containing layer is formed of an addition-condensation type silicone resin, the surface of the phosphor has a silane coupling having a crosslinkable group such as a vinyl group and a hydrosilyl group and a hydrophobic group such as a methyl group in advance. The dispersion state is improved by performing surface treatment with the use of. When the phosphor-containing layer is formed of a dehydrated or dealkoxy-condensation type silicone resin and the phosphor particles are likely to aggregate, a reaction solution containing the raw material compound before hydrolysis (hereinafter referred to as appropriate) When the phosphor particles are mixed in advance with a “pre-hydrolysis solution” and subjected to hydrolysis and polycondensation in the presence of the phosphor particles, a part of the surface of the particles is subjected to silane coupling treatment. The dispersion state is improved.

  Although some phosphors are hydrolyzable, it is preferable to use an addition condensation type silicone resin as a material for the layer containing the phosphor, because the silicone resin does not generate moisture when it is effective. . In addition, when a dehydrated or dealcoholized silicone resin is used as the material for the phosphor-containing layer, moisture is potentially present as a silanol body in the liquid state (formation liquid) before coating, and is free. Since there is almost no moisture, such a phosphor can be used without being hydrolyzed. Further, if the formation liquid after hydrolysis / polycondensation is used after being subjected to dehydration / dealcoholation treatment, there is also an advantage that the combined use with such a phosphor becomes easy. Therefore, when the specific layer contains a phosphor, it is particularly preferable to form the specific layer with an addition condensation type, dehydration, or dealcohol type silicone resin.

  Further, when phosphor particles or inorganic particles (described later) are dispersed in a specific layer, the particle surface can be modified with an organic ligand to improve dispersibility.

[3-1-5] Phosphor Content The phosphor content in the phosphor-containing layer of the present invention is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired, and can be freely selected depending on the application form. The total amount of the phosphor is usually 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, and usually 35% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 28% by weight or less. It is.

  In general, when a white color is obtained by mixing the emission color of light transmitted from the light source and the emission color of the phosphor, a part of the emission color of the light transmitted from the light source is transmitted. The content rate is low and becomes a region near the lower limit of the above range. On the other hand, when white light is obtained by converting all the light transmitted from the light source to the phosphor emission color, a high concentration phosphor is preferable, and the phosphor content is in a region near the upper limit of the above range. If the phosphor content is higher than this range, the coating performance may be deteriorated, or the utilization efficiency of the phosphor may be lowered due to the optical interference action, and the luminance may be lowered. On the other hand, if the phosphor content is less than this range, wavelength conversion by the phosphor becomes insufficient, and the target emission color may not be obtained.

The use of white light emission has been exemplified above, but the specific phosphor content varies depending on the target color, phosphor luminous efficiency, color mixture format, phosphor specific gravity, coating film thickness, and shape of the light guide member. is not.
By the way, for example, when a phosphor is contained in a specific layer to constitute a phosphor-containing layer, the specific layer forming liquid contains a thixo material such as adjustment of the degree of polymerization or aerosil as required, It is preferable to adjust the viscosity and thixotropy according to the phosphor content. Thereby, it is possible to provide a coating liquid that can flexibly cope with the type and shape of the object to be coated, as well as various coating methods such as potting, spin coating, and printing.

  In addition, the phosphor content in the phosphor-containing layer is such that if the phosphor composition can be specified, the phosphor-containing sample is pulverized and pre-fired, and after removing the carbon component, the silicon component is converted to silicic acid by hydrofluoric acid treatment. The residue is dissolved in dilute sulfuric acid to make the main component metal element into an aqueous solution, and the main component metal element is quantified by a known element analysis method such as ICP, flame analysis, fluorescent X-ray analysis, etc. The content rate can be determined. In addition, if the phosphor shape and particle size are uniform and the specific gravity is known, a simple method can be used in which the number of particles per unit area is obtained by image analysis of the cross-section of the coating and converted into the phosphor content.

  Moreover, what is necessary is just to set the content rate of the fluorescent substance in a fluorescent substance containing layer formation liquid so that the content rate of the fluorescent substance in a fluorescent substance containing layer may be settled in the said range. Therefore, when the weight of the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid does not change during curing, the phosphor content in the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid is the same as the phosphor content in the phosphor-containing layer. Also, when the weight of the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid changes during curing, such as when the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid contains a solvent, the fluorescence in the phosphor-containing layer forming liquid excluding the solvent etc. The body content may be the same as the phosphor content in the phosphor-containing layer.

[3-2] Inorganic particles Further, each layer constituting the light guide member of the present invention has an effect of any one of the following <1> to <5> in order to improve optical characteristics and workability. For the purpose of obtaining, inorganic particles may be further contained. In this case, at least one layer among the layers constituting the light guide member of the present invention only needs to contain inorganic particles. Especially, it is preferable that a specific layer contains an inorganic particle. In addition, the inorganic particles may be contained in only one layer among the layers constituting the light guide member of the present invention, or may be contained in two or more layers.

<1> By mixing inorganic particles as a light scattering material in a light scattering layer described later and scattering light transmitted from the light source, the directivity angle of light emitted from the light guide member to the outside is expanded. Further, in the phosphor-containing layer, the amount of light hitting the phosphor is increased, and the wavelength conversion efficiency is improved.
<2> Generation of cracks is prevented by blending inorganic particles as a binder in the layer constituting the light guide member.
<3> The viscosity of the forming liquid is increased by blending inorganic particles as a viscosity modifier in the forming liquid for forming the layer constituting the light guide member.
<4> The shrinkage is reduced by blending inorganic particles in the layer constituting the light guide member.
<5> By mixing inorganic particles in the layer constituting the light guide member, the refractive index is adjusted to improve the light extraction efficiency.

Among the above cases, when inorganic particles are included in the specific layer, an appropriate amount of inorganic particles may be mixed in the specific layer forming liquid in accordance with the purpose in the same manner as the phosphor powder. In this case, the effect obtained depends on the type and amount of the inorganic particles to be mixed.
For example, when the inorganic particles are ultrafine silica having a particle diameter of about 10 nm (Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., trade name: AEROSIL # 200), the thixotropic property of the specific layer forming liquid is increased. Is big.

Further, for example, when the inorganic particles are crushed silica or true spherical silica having a particle size of about several μm, there is almost no increase in thixotropic properties, and the function as an aggregate of a specific layer is the center. The effect <4> is great.
In addition, for example, if inorganic particles having a particle diameter of about 1 μm, which has a refractive index different from that of the material used for the specific layer, are used, light scattering at the interface between the compound and the inorganic particles increases. large.

  Further, for example, the median particle size is larger than the material used for the specific layer and the median particle size is usually 1 nm or more, preferably 3 nm or more, and usually 10 nm or less, preferably 5 nm or less, specifically, the emission wavelength or less. When the inorganic particles having s are used, the refractive index can be improved while maintaining the transparency of the semiconductor device member, so that the effect <5> is great.

  Accordingly, the type of inorganic particles to be mixed may be selected according to the purpose. Moreover, the kind may be single and may combine multiple types. Moreover, in order to improve dispersibility, it may be surface-treated with a surface treatment agent such as a silane coupling agent.

[3-2-1] Types of inorganic particles The types of inorganic particles used include inorganic oxide particles such as silica, barium titanate, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, and yttrium oxide. Although diamond particle | grains are illustrated, according to the objective, another substance can also be selected and it is not limited to these.

  The form of the inorganic particles may be any form such as powder, slurry, etc. depending on the purpose, but if it is necessary to maintain transparency, the refractive index of other materials contained in the layer containing the inorganic particles is set. It is preferable to add them to the liquid for forming the layer as an aqueous or solvent-based transparent sol.

[3-2-2] Median particle size of inorganic particles The median particle size of these inorganic particles (primary particles) is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1/10 or less of the phosphor particles. Specifically, those having the following median particle diameter are used according to the purpose. For example, if inorganic particles are used as the light scattering material, the median particle size is usually 0.05 μm or more, preferably 0.1 μm or more, and usually 50 μm or less, preferably 20 μm or less. For example, if inorganic particles are used as the aggregate, the median particle diameter is preferably 1 nm to 10 μm. Further, for example, if inorganic particles are used as a thickener (thixotropic agent), the center particle is preferably 10 to 100 nm. For example, if inorganic particles are used as the refractive index adjuster, the median particle size is preferably 1 to 10 nm. In particular, in the light guide member of the present invention, at least one of the layers constituting the light guide member contains inorganic particles having a median particle size of 0.05 to 50 μm, and at least one other layer has a median particle size. It is preferable to contain 1 to 10 nm inorganic particles. Thereby, the light-guide plate which has various structures can be designed like the layer structure which combined the light-scattering layer and high refractive index layer in below-mentioned embodiment.

[3-2-3] Method for mixing inorganic particles In the present invention, the method for mixing inorganic particles is not particularly limited. However, when mixing inorganic particles in the forming liquid, it is usually recommended to mix while defoaming using a planetary stirring mixer or the like, similarly to the phosphor. For example, when mixing small particles that easily aggregate such as Aerosil, after mixing the particles, if necessary, break up the aggregated particles using a bead mill or three rolls, and then mix large particles such as phosphor You may mix an ingredient.

[3-2-4] Content of inorganic particles The content of inorganic particles in each layer of the light guide member of the present invention is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired, but can be freely selected depending on the application form. . For example, when using inorganic particles as a light scattering agent, the content is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight. For example, when using inorganic particles as an aggregate, the content is preferably 1 to 50% by weight. For example, when using inorganic particles as a thickener (thixotropic agent), the content is preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight. Further, for example, when inorganic particles are used as the refractive index adjuster, the content is preferably 10 to 80% by weight. If the amount of inorganic particles is too small, the desired effect may not be obtained. If the amount is too large, various properties such as adhesion, transparency and hardness of the cured product may be adversely affected.

  The specific layer forming liquid according to the present invention is more compatible with phosphors and inorganic particles than conventional light guiding member forming liquids such as silicone resins that do not contain polar groups, and is sufficient even if high concentration inorganic particles are dispersed. Has the advantage that the coating performance can be maintained. In addition, by adjusting the degree of polymerization and adding thixo materials such as aerosil as necessary, we provide coating solutions that can flexibly support the types and shapes of coating objects, as well as various coating methods such as potting, spin coating, and printing. I can do it.

In addition, the content rate of the inorganic particle in each layer of the light guide member can be measured in the same manner as the phosphor content described above.
Moreover, what is necessary is just to set the content rate of the inorganic particle in the formation liquid for forming each layer so that the content rate of the inorganic particle in each layer may be settled in the said range. Therefore, when the weight of the forming liquid does not change during curing, the content of inorganic particles in the forming liquid is the same as the content of inorganic particles in each layer of the light guide member. Further, when the forming liquid changes in weight upon curing, such as when the forming liquid contains a solvent or the like, the content of inorganic particles in the forming liquid excluding the solvent or the like is in each layer of the light guide member. What is necessary is just to make it become the same as the content rate of an inorganic particle.

[4] Layer Configuration of Light Guide Member The first and second light guide members of the present invention are characterized in that two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated. Therefore, the first light guide member of the present invention is a light guide member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated, and at least one of the layers is a specific layer and has a main emission peak. A light source having a wavelength of 500 nm or less is provided. On the other hand, the second light guide member of the present invention is a light guide member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated, and at least two of the layers in contact with each other are specific layers.
Further, the third and fourth light guide members of the present invention are characterized in that two or more layers having different haze values are laminated. Therefore, the third light guide member of the present invention is a light guide member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated, wherein at least one of the layers is a specific layer and has a main emission peak. A light source having a wavelength of 500 nm or less is provided. On the other hand, the fourth light guide member of the present invention is an optical member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated, and at least two of the layers in contact with each other are specific layers.
In addition, when a primer is used between layers for adhesiveness improvement, it is considered that the polar group was provided to each of two layers through a primer layer, and both layers are made into a specific layer.
Hereinafter, the layer structure of the light guide member of the present invention will be described.

[4-1] Refractive Index The first and second light guide members of the present invention are characterized in that two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated. When the light guide member of the present invention is used as an optical waveguide or a light guide plate, a high refractive index layer confines light and a low refractive index layer confines light by providing a difference in refractive index between adjacent layers. Each of the cladding layers is formed.

  The refractive index of the high refractive index layer of the first and second light guide members of the present invention is usually 1.45 or more, preferably 1.5 or more, and more preferably 1.6 or more. Although the upper limit is not particularly limited, for example, when a semiconductor light-emitting device is used as a light source, the refractive index of a general semiconductor light-emitting device is about 2.5, and is usually 2.5 or less, so that the refractive index can be easily adjusted. From the viewpoint of, it is preferably 2.0 or less. If the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is too small, the light extraction efficiency may not be improved. On the other hand, even when the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is larger than the refractive index of the member constituting the light source, the light extraction efficiency may not be improved.

  The refractive index of the low refractive index layer of the first and second light guide members of the present invention is usually less than 1.45, preferably 1.43 or less, and more preferably 1.42 or less. The lower limit is usually 1.4 or more, preferably 1.41 or more.

  The difference in refractive index between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is usually 0.03 to 0.2. By appropriately adjusting this difference, the transmission distance of light in the high refractive index layer (waveguide) (Distance) can be adjusted. In other words, when the refractive index difference is increased, the low refractive index layer (cladding layer) efficiently confines the light of the high refractive index layer (core layer), so there is less leakage light to the low refractive index layer, and the light transmission distance is reduced. Can be long. On the other hand, if the refractive index difference is set to be as small as 0.05 or less, for example, leakage light from the high refractive index layer to the low refractive index layer increases, so that the light transmission distance becomes short.

(Refractive index measurement method)
The refractive index can be measured by using a known method such as a immersion method (solid object), a Pluffich refractometer, an Abbe refractometer, a prism coupler method, an interference method, and a minimum deflection angle method. The refractive index measurement wavelength in the present invention can be selected from sodium D line (589 nm), which is used for general purposes when an instrument such as an Abbe refractometer is used. The refractive index can be measured by various methods as described above, and the refractive index of the sample before and after curing hardly changes. Since the sample after curing is variously molded according to the purpose, measurement using an Abbe refractometer using the solution before curing is the simplest and preferable.

[4-2] Haze Value The third and fourth light guide members of the present invention are characterized in that two or more layers having different haze values are laminated. When a light scattering layer and / or a phosphor-containing layer is provided on the light guide member of the present invention, the haze value of the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer may be increased.

  The haze value of the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer of the third and fourth light guide members of the present invention is usually 50 or more, preferably 70 or more, and more preferably 80 or more. When the haze value of the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer is too small, there is a possibility that the light scattering effect, that is, the effect that light is emitted outside the light guide member of the present invention may not be improved. Therefore, it is preferable that the haze value of at least one of the specific layers falls within the range of the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer. The haze value is a numerical value of the so-called cloudiness (cloudiness value) of the transparent member, and is a value measured based on JIS-K-7136.

[4-3] Role of Each Layer As described above, the light guide member of the present invention adjusts the refractive index and / or haze value of each layer to be configured, thereby reducing the low refractive index layer, the high refractive index layer, the light. A scattering layer and a phosphor-containing layer can be provided. In addition, it is preferable that each said layer has the characteristic as a specific layer mentioned above, respectively. Hereinafter, each layer will be described. In addition, the specific installation method of each layer is demonstrated by each embodiment in [5] chapter.

[4-3-1] Low Refractive Index Layer When the light guide member of the present invention is used as an optical waveguide or a light guide plate as described above, a low refractive index layer is usually provided as a cladding layer for confining light. A layer other than the specific layer may be a low refractive index layer, but the low refractive index layer is preferably composed of a specific layer made of a compound having the characteristics described in the above-mentioned section [1]. The refractive index of the low refractive index layer is as described above. Further, the low refractive index layer may be provided with only one layer or two or more layers.

[4-3-2] High Refractive Index Layer When the light guide member of the present invention is used as an optical waveguide or a light guide plate as described above, a high refractive index layer is usually provided as a core layer for transmitting light. A layer other than the specific layer may be a high refractive index layer, but the high refractive index layer is preferably composed of a specific layer made of a compound having the characteristics described in the above-mentioned section [1]. In order to make the high refractive index layer have a higher refractive index than that of the low refractive index layer, for example, a phenyl group is introduced into the compound, or as described in [3-2] chapter, a refractive index adjusting agent. It is preferable to contain inorganic particles having a median particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm. The refractive index of the high refractive index layer is as described above. Further, the high refractive index layer may be provided with only one layer or two or more layers.

[4-3-3] Light Scattering Layer The light guide member of the present invention can be provided with a light scattering layer that radiates light transmitted from a light source to the outside. The light scattering layer functions to widen the directivity angle of light emitted from the light guide member to the outside. A layer other than the specific layer may be a light scattering layer, but the light scattering layer is preferably composed of a specific layer made of a compound having the characteristics described in the above-mentioned section [1]. Further, as described in section [3-2], the light scattering layer has a median particle size of usually 0.05 μm or more, preferably 0.1 μm or more, and usually 50 μm or less, preferably as a light scattering material. It is preferable to contain inorganic particles of 20 μm or less. In addition, a light-scattering layer may provide only one layer and may provide two or more layers.

  Further, guided light can be taken out by utilizing the surface roughness of the substrate. This is because, by providing a light scattering layer on the rough surface, the guided light is scattered by the rough surface, and the component that makes the light perpendicular to the extraction surface increases, so that the light emerges on the surface. It is what I did. The rough surface can be formed on the substrate and / or on each layer. The rough surface may be formed on either the upper surface (surface close to the light extraction surface) or the lower surface (surface far from the light extraction surface) of each layer. The roughness of the rough surface is not particularly limited as long as it has the property of scattering light, but the height difference is usually 0.2 μm or more, preferably 0.5 μm or more, and usually 50 μm or less, preferably 30 μm or less.

The method of creating a rough surface on the substrate is not limited, but for example, precision machining, blasting, powder coating, application of a coating solution containing diffusing particles, particle pasting, chemical etching, light irradiation, inkjet printing, photosensitive curing ( Softening) exposure / development to resin, heating / development to thermosetting resin, and the like.
Further, as a method of roughening the surface of each layer to be laminated, for example, chemical treatment using hydrofluoric acid or alkali, blast treatment, powder coating, application of a coating solution containing diffusing particles, particle pasting, light irradiation, inkjet There is printing. In addition, for example, a method in which sedimentation or floating light diffusing particles are contained in a layer to be configured, and particles are settled or suspended after coating so that more diffusing particles exist at the interface of each layer. It can be preferably used similarly to the method of forming the surface.

[4-3-4] Phosphor-containing layer The light-guiding member of the present invention can be provided with a phosphor-containing layer in order to convert the wavelength of light transmitted from the light source into a desired wavelength. A fluorescent substance content layer says a layer containing fluorescent substance among layers which constitute a light guide member. At this time, layers other than the specific layer may be a phosphor-containing layer, but the phosphor-containing layer is preferably composed of a specific layer made of a compound having the characteristics described in the above-mentioned section [1]. . Further, the phosphor-containing layer is formed by including the phosphor described in [3-1] in the layer. The phosphor-containing layer may contain inorganic particles having a median particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm as a light scattering material in order to increase the amount of light hitting the phosphor and improve the wavelength conversion efficiency. In addition, a fluorescent substance content layer may provide only one layer and may provide two or more layers.

[4-4] Shape and size of light guide member The shape and size of the light guide member of the present invention are not limited and are arbitrary. For example, when used as an optical waveguide or a light guide plate of a light guide member, the shape and size of the light guide member of the present invention are determined according to the shape and size of the substrate of the optical waveguide or light guide plate. Further, when formed on the surface of the substrate, it is usually formed in a film shape, and its dimensions are arbitrarily set according to the application. Further, as described above, a plurality of films having different refractive indices and haze values are stacked as the forming film (film forming the light guide member), and the dimensions of each layer are arbitrarily set according to the application.

  In the light guide member of the present invention, when it is formed in a film shape, the film thickness of the specific layer can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose. Specifically, when the light guide member of the present invention is used as a light guide plate, the film thickness of each specific layer is usually 10 μm or more, preferably 30 μm or more, usually 500 μm or less, preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 200 μm. It is as follows. Here, when the thickness of the film is not constant, the thickness of the film refers to the thickness of the maximum thickness portion of the film. In this case, the total thickness of all layers excluding the light guide plate substrate is usually 60 μm or more, preferably 80 μm or more, and usually 500 μm or less, preferably 300 μm or less, more preferably 200 μm or less.

[5] Structure of light guide member Hereinafter, as an example of the light guide member of the present invention, a light guide plate using a semiconductor light-emitting device as a light source will be described as an example and described using an embodiment. However, these embodiments are used only for the convenience of explanation, and the optical waveguide, the light guide plate and other examples to which the light guide member of the present invention is applied are not limited to these embodiments. Among them, the substrate may or may not be provided as necessary, and the thickness is not particularly limited. Furthermore, since the specific layer is highly flexible in the present invention, if this specific layer is used, a layer having an arbitrary film thickness can be produced on a thin substrate such as a flexible printed circuit board without warping and deformation of the substrate. it can.

[5-1] First Embodiment As shown in FIG. 1, the light guide plate 8 of the first embodiment includes a semiconductor light emitting element 2 formed of an LED chip on a substrate 1 and, optionally, a semiconductor light emitting element. The semiconductor light-emitting device 4 which consists of the sealing material 3 arrange | positioned so that 2 may be coat | covered is provided as a light source.

  On the surface of the substrate 1, a low refractive index layer 5 is coated as a specific layer that is a part of the light guide plate 8. The low refractive index layer 5 is provided with a cylindrical or mortar-shaped hole 5H so as not to cover the portion of the semiconductor light emitting device 4.

  On the upper surface of the low refractive index layer 5, a high refractive index layer 6 is provided as a specific layer in contact with the low refractive index layer 5. In the present embodiment, the high refractive index layer 6 is also formed around the semiconductor light emitting device 4 in the hole 5H, so that light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 4 is directly incident on the high refractive index layer 6. It has become. Thereby, the high refractive index layer 6 ensures the function of transmitting light emitted from the light source (semiconductor light emitting device 4 in FIG. 1) as the core portion of the optical waveguide.

On the upper surface of the high refractive index layer 6, a low refractive index layer 5 ′ may be further provided as a specific layer in contact with the high refractive index layer 6. Even in the case where the low refractive index layer 5 ′ is not provided, the air layer can serve as a cladding portion.
A light scattering layer and / or a phosphor-containing layer 7 can be appropriately provided on the contact surface (for example, the upper surface) of the high refractive index layer 6. The light scattering layer ensures the function of emitting the light emitted from the light source transmitted by the high refractive index layer 6 to the outside. The phosphor-containing layer exhibits a wavelength conversion function of emitting light of a desired wavelength when excited by light from the light source transmitted by the high refractive index layer 6. In the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment, light is mainly emitted from the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7, so that the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is formed. The position is preferably set in consideration of design.
In the present embodiment, the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is formed in a predetermined portion on the upper surface of the high refractive index layer 6, and the low refractive index layer is formed on the other portion on the upper surface of the high refractive index layer 6. Assume that 5 ′ is formed.

  As the semiconductor light emitting element 2, the semiconductor light emitting element described in the section “[2] Light source” can be used.

The sealing material 3 exhibits functions such as a highly durable sealant, a light extraction film, and various function-added films of the semiconductor light emitting element 2. Although the sealing material 3 may be used independently, an arbitrary additive can be contained as long as the effect of the present invention is not significantly impaired except for the phosphor and the phosphor component. Moreover, since the high refractive index layer 6 can also serve as a sealing material, the sealing material 3 may not be provided.
As the sealing material 3 to be used, the same material as that of the high refractive index layer 6 of the light guide member of the present invention is preferably used from the viewpoint of adhesion and the like. Moreover, as the sealing material 3, other materials can also be used. Usually, a resin (hereinafter referred to as “sealing resin” as appropriate) is used as the sealing material 3. As such a sealing resin, a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, a photocurable resin, etc. are mentioned normally. Specifically, for example, methacrylic resin such as polymethylmethacrylate; styrene resin such as polystyrene and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer; polycarbonate resin; polyester resin; phenoxy resin; butyral resin; polyvinyl alcohol; Cellulose resins such as cellulose acetate butyrate; epoxy resins; phenol resins; silicone resins. Further, an inorganic material such as a siloxane bond formed by solidifying a solution obtained by hydrolyzing a solution containing an inorganic material such as a metal alkoxide, a ceramic precursor polymer or a metal alkoxide by a sol-gel method, or a combination thereof. An inorganic material can be used. In addition, the material of the sealing material 3 such as a sealing resin may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in any combination and ratio.

  The encapsulating material 3 may contain a phosphor, whereby the wavelength of the light source can be converted into light having a desired wavelength and then transmitted through the high refractive index layer. Although the usage-amount of fluorescent substance is not specifically limited, 0.01 weight part or more normally with respect to 100 weight part of sealing materials, Preferably it is 0.1 weight part or more, More preferably, it is 1 weight part or more, Moreover, it is 100 weight part or less normally, Preferably it is 80 weight part or less, More preferably, it is 60 weight part or less.

  Moreover, the sealing material 3 can also contain components other than phosphors and inorganic particles. For example, color correction dyes, antioxidants, processing / oxidation and heat stabilizers such as phosphorus-based processing stabilizers, light-resistant stabilizers such as ultraviolet absorbers, and silane coupling agents can be included. In addition, these components may be used by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and ratios.

  The semiconductor light emitting device 4 may be installed on the substrate 1 before coating, or may be installed on the substrate 1 after coating by removing the masking after coating and coating the installation portion. When the low refractive index layer 5, the high refractive index layer 6, and the scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 are formed into a thin film, a specific layer forming solution diluted with a solvent such as toluene or heptane is applied. And may be formed.

  Since the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, the light from the light source transmitted by the high refractive index layer 6 is transmitted through the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 to guide the light. Radiated to the outside of the member (light guide plate 8). Therefore, when the sealing material 3 does not contain a phosphor and when the light guide member (light guide plate 8) does not contain the phosphor-containing layer 7, the light is emitted from the light source (semiconductor light emitting element 2 in FIG. 1). The light is emitted to the outside in the same luminescent color.

The phosphor-containing layer 7 exhibits a wavelength conversion function of emitting light of a desired wavelength when excited by the light from the light source transmitted by the high refractive index layer 6 as described above. Therefore, the phosphor-containing layer 7 emits light obtained by wavelength-converting light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 2. At this time, the phosphor-containing layer 7 only needs to contain at least a fluorescent material that is excited by light from the light source and emits light of a desired wavelength. Examples of such fluorescent materials include the various phosphors exemplified above. As a luminescent color of the phosphor-containing layer 7, not only the three primary colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) but also white such as a fluorescent lamp and yellow such as a light bulb are possible. In short, the phosphor-containing layer 7 has a wavelength conversion function for emitting light having a desired wavelength different from the excitation light.
In the present embodiment, the light transmitted by the high refractive index layer 6 is also emitted from the portion where the high refractive index layer 6 on the side surface is exposed.

  Thus, in the light guide member (light guide plate 8) of the present embodiment, the low refractive index layer 5, the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 are specific layers using specific compounds. Are formed between the substrate 1 and the low refractive index layer 5, between the low refractive index layer 5 and the high refractive index layer 6, and / or the high refractive index layer 6 and the light scattering layer and / or fluorescence. Cracks and peeling hardly occur between the body-containing layer 7. In particular, since these layers 5, 6, and 7 are configured as specific layers that are in contact with each other, the adhesion is more improved than when the specific layer is used alone due to the action of a polar group between layers. Furthermore, since all the layers 5, 6, and 7 are formed as the above-described specific layers, there is an advantage that free control such as thickening and thinning can be performed.

  The angle 9 formed between the side surface of the light guide member (light guide plate 8) and the laminated surface may be vertical, but the light extraction effect (particularly, the light extraction effect from the side surface portion in the present embodiment). From the viewpoint of improving the temperature, it is usually at least 30 °, preferably at least 35 °, more preferably at least 40 °, usually at most 80 °, preferably at most 70 °, more preferably at most 60 °. The angle formed between the side surface of the light guide member (light guide plate 8) and the laminated surface is a guide as viewed from a direction perpendicular to the laminated surface of the light guide member (light guide plate 8), as shown in FIG. The inner angle formed by the side surface and the laminated surface of the optical member (light guide plate 8) is shown.

[5-2] Other Embodiments When the light guide member of the present invention is applied to an optical waveguide, a light guide plate, or the like, it is preferable to make appropriate modifications according to the location to which the present invention is applied. For example, a desired number of light sources can be appropriately provided at desired positions on the substrate surface. A desired number of light scattering layers and phosphor-containing layers can be appropriately provided at desired positions of the light guide member.

  Other embodiments are shown in FIGS. However, the light guide member of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments exemplified below, and can be implemented with any changes without departing from the gist of the present invention. In the following embodiments, the same parts as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment.

  In the light guide plate 8 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the entire uppermost layer is a light scattering layer and / or a phosphor-containing layer 7. Thus, the light can be extracted from the entire surface of the light guide plate. Further, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the above points. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the specific layers of the low refractive index layer 5, the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. As in the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain advantages such as being able to freely control the film thickness and suppressing cracks and peeling.

As shown in FIG. 3, the light guide plate 8 of the third embodiment does not include the low refractive index layer 5 ′ and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 as the uppermost layer. That is, the entire upper surface of the photorefractive index layer 6 is configured to be exposed to the gas phase. In this case, the light transmission effect is secured by the gas phase serving as the upper cladding layer. Further, as described in [4-1], by adjusting the refractive index difference between the low refractive index layer 5 and the high refractive index layer 6, the optical waveguide distance can be controlled to achieve a desired effect. .
In the case of reducing the refractive index difference between the low refractive index layer 5 and the high refractive index layer 6, in order to achieve a desired effect using light entering the low refractive index layer 5, a light scattering layer and / or Alternatively, the phosphor-containing layer 7 can be provided on a part of the low refractive index layer 5 (FIG. 3).

  Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the above points. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment also includes the low refractive index layer 5, the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor formed in a part of the low refractive index layer 5. Since it is configured by laminating the layer 7, as in the first embodiment, advantages such as being able to freely control the film thickness and suppressing cracks and peeling are obtained. Be able to.

The light guide plate 8 of the fourth embodiment is a light scattering layer 7 by mixing a very small amount of inorganic particles as a light scattering agent in a portion corresponding to the high refractive index layer 6 of FIG. 4). In this case, light can be extracted from the entire surface of the light guide plate 8 as in the second embodiment. Moreover, since it is a two-layer structure, the total film thickness of the light-guide plate 8 can be made thin.
Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration and the third configuration except that the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is not provided in part of the low refractive index layer 5 The configuration is the same as in the embodiment. Therefore, since the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the low refractive index layer 5 and the light scattering layer 7 which are specific layers, the film thickness can be freely set as in the third embodiment. It is possible to obtain advantages such as being able to control easily and suppressing cracks and peeling.

  In the light guide plate 8 of the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a part of the high refractive index layer 6 (high refractive index portion 6 a) that is an optical transmission portion is formed of the low refractive index layers 5, 5 ′, It penetrates the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. The high refractive index portion 6a is a boundary portion that penetrates at least two layers. In the present embodiment, since the boundary portion is formed as the high refractive index portion 6a capable of transmitting light, the light transmission portion can be extended in the direction perpendicular to the substrate surface across each layer.

The high refractive index portion 6a functions as a so-called “boundary portion A”. Here, the boundary portion A is a high refractive index boundary portion formed of a material having a refractive index equivalent to that of the high refractive index layer 6, and transmits light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 4 and shines itself. It is.
Moreover, the high refractive index part 6a may use a material different from the high refractive index layer 6 in the light guide member of the present invention as the boundary part A. In the present embodiment, the boundary A is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can transmit light from a light source, and an arbitrary one can be used. For example, an inorganic or organic material having the same refractive index as that of the high refractive index layer 6 can be used. Among them, the boundary A is preferably an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, a phenol resin, or the like from the viewpoints of low moisture permeability, light blocking properties, and adhesion to the substrate 1. From the viewpoint of adhesion to the high refractive index layer 6, the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7, an epoxy resin and an acrylic resin are particularly preferable. Among them, the use of an epoxy resin as the boundary portion A is a particularly preferable combination because the high refractive index layer 6 as a specific layer is particularly excellent in adhesiveness with the epoxy resin, hardly changes in quality, and does not inhibit the effect. .

  There is no restriction | limiting in the preparation methods of such a high refractive index part 6a. For example, when the high refractive index portion 6a is provided on the substrate 1, before the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the high refractive index layer 6 and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 are laminated by coating or the like. After forming the high refractive index portion 6a, the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the high refractive index layer 6, the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 may be laminated. At this time, the method used to form the high refractive index portion 6a is not limited, and can be formed by, for example, a dispenser, screen printing, a resist method, or the like. Further, for example, a portion (hereinafter referred to as “installation portion”) where the high refractive index portion 6a on the substrate 1 is to be formed is masked, and then the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the high refractive index layer 6 and the light scattering. The layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 may be laminated, and then the masking may be removed to form the high refractive index portion 6a in the installation portion. When the high refractive index portion 6a is provided on a layer other than the substrate 1, the layer is laminated on the substrate 1, and then the high refractive index portion 6a and the low refractive index portion 6a are formed on the layer according to the method described above. The necessary layers of the refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the high refractive index layer 6 and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 may be formed.

  Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the above points. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the specific layers of the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ', the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain advantages such as that the film thickness can be freely controlled and cracks and peeling can be suppressed. Further, if the high refractive index portion 6a is formed of the same material as that of the specific layer, the high refractive index portion 6a can similarly be freely controlled in film thickness, and can suppress cracks and peeling. Advantages such as being can be obtained.

  In the light guide plate 8 of the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a part of the low refractive index layer 5 (low refractive index portion 5 a) that is a light blocking portion is a high refractive index layer 6 or a light scattering layer. And / or penetrates through the phosphor-containing layer 7. The low refractive index portion 5a functions as a boundary portion. In this embodiment, since the boundary portion is formed as the low refractive index portion 5a capable of blocking light, the light blocking portion can be extended in the direction perpendicular to the substrate surface across each layer.

  The low refractive index portion 5a functions as a so-called “boundary portion B”. Here, the boundary portion B is a low refractive index boundary portion formed of a low refractive index material, and blocks the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 4 and serves to divide the light guide plate 8 into an optical area. To fulfill. From this point of view, as the boundary portion B, a high refractive index boundary portion made of a material having a higher refractive index than that of the high refractive index layer 6 can be used.

  Moreover, the low refractive index part 5a may use a material different from the low refractive index layer 5 in the light guide member of the present invention as the boundary part B. In the case of this embodiment, as this boundary part B, if it is the material which can interrupt | block the light transmitted from a light source, there will be no limitation in particular and arbitrary things can be used. For example, an inorganic or organic material having a refractive index lower than that of the high refractive index layer 6 can be used. The same effect can be obtained even with an inorganic material and an organic material having a refractive index higher than that of the high refractive index layer 6. Among these, the boundary B is preferably an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyimide resin, an acrylic resin, sol-gel glass, or the like from the viewpoints of low moisture permeability, light blocking characteristics, and adhesion to the substrate 1. Further, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the high refractive index layer 6, low refractive index layers 5, 5 ′, light scattering layer and / or phosphor-containing layer 7 of the present invention, alicyclic epoxy resins and acrylic resins are particularly preferable. . Among them, the use of an epoxy resin as the boundary B is a particularly preferable combination because the high refractive index layer 6 that is a specific layer is particularly excellent in adhesion with the epoxy resin, hardly changes in quality, and has no effect inhibition. .

  There is no restriction | limiting in the preparation methods of such a low refractive index part 5a. For example, it can be produced in the same manner as the high refractive index portion 6a described in the fifth embodiment.

  Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment except for the above points. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the specific layers of the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ', the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain advantages such as that the film thickness can be freely controlled and cracks and peeling can be suppressed. In addition, if the low refractive index portion 5a is formed of the same material as that of the specific layer, the low refractive index portion 5a can also be freely controlled in film thickness and can suppress cracks and peeling. Advantages such as being can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 7, the light guide plate 8 of the seventh embodiment is obtained by installing a light scattering layer and / or a phosphor-containing layer 7 in a desired location in the high refractive index layer 6. In this case, a light emitting surface using scattering can be formed at a desired location on the light guide plate 8. If this is utilized, it is possible to prevent light from being transmitted to a distant place while taking out light from a desired position.
There is no restriction | limiting in the preparation methods of such a light-scattering layer and / or the fluorescent substance containing layer 7. FIG. For example, it can be produced in the same manner as the high refractive index portion 6a described in the fifth embodiment. However, in the present embodiment, since the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is provided inside the high refractive index layer 6, the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is formed. After that, the high refractive index layer 6 is further laminated thereon.

  Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration and the third configuration except that the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is not provided in a part of the low refractive index layer 5. The configuration is the same as in the embodiment. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the specific layers of the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ', the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. Therefore, as in the third embodiment, it is possible to obtain advantages such as that the film thickness can be freely controlled and cracks and peeling can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the light guide plate 8 of the eighth embodiment has a high refractive index portion (boundary portion A) and / or a low refractive index portion (boundary portion B) 10 (high refractive index in the description of this embodiment). When the index part and the low refractive index part are pointed out without distinction, they are referred to as “boundary part 10”) that penetrates the respective layers 5, 6, 5 ′. And a desired optical waveguide is constructed in the vertical and horizontal directions of the substrate surface.

  There is no restriction | limiting in the preparation methods of such a boundary part 10. FIG. For example, it can be produced in the same manner as the high refractive index portion 6a described in the fifth embodiment.

  Furthermore, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration except that the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is not provided on the upper surface of the high refractive index layer 6. The configuration is the same as in the embodiment. Therefore, since the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, which are specific layers, and the high refractive index layer 6, similarly to the first embodiment, Advantages such as being able to freely control the film thickness and suppressing cracks and peeling can be obtained. Further, if the boundary portion 10 is formed of the same material as that of the specific layer, the boundary portion 10 can similarly be freely controlled in film thickness, and can suppress cracks and peeling. Benefits can be gained.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the light guide plate 8 of the ninth embodiment has a reflective layer 11 stacked on the substrate 1, and the reflective layer 11 is cylindrical or shaped so as not to cover the portion of the semiconductor light emitting device 4. A mortar-shaped hole 11H is provided. Thereby, since the light transmitted through the high refractive index layer 6 is efficiently reflected by the surface of the reflective layer 11, the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device 4 can be used effectively. In addition, it is also possible to provide a light scattering layer and / or a phosphor-containing layer 7 instead of the reflective layer 11.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in the material which comprises the reflection layer 11 here, For example, metal materials, such as silver and aluminum; Barium sulfate, a silica, a titanium oxide, a calcium carbonate etc. can be used. The film thickness is arbitrary as long as the effect of the present invention is not significantly impaired, but is usually 5 μm or more, preferably 10 μm or more, and usually 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less. Furthermore, although there is no restriction | limiting in the lamination | stacking method, For example, it can laminate | stack by vapor-depositing a raw material or apply | coating a white particle pigment. In addition, when a white surface such as a solder resist is formed on the substrate 1, this white surface may be used as the reflective layer 11.

  In addition, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration and the first configuration except that the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 is not provided on the upper surface of the high refractive index layer 6. The configuration is the same as in the embodiment. Therefore, since the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the high refractive index layer 6 and the low refractive index layer 5 ′ which are specific layers, the film thickness is the same as in the first embodiment. It is possible to obtain advantages such as being able to freely control the above, and suppressing cracks and peeling.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the light guide plate 8 of the tenth embodiment has a configuration in which a cylindrical or mortar-shaped hole 1H is formed in the substrate 1, and the semiconductor light emitting device 4 is installed at the bottom of the hole 1H. ing. Thereby, the thickness of the light source itself can be accommodated in the substrate 1. Further, the thickness of the low refractive index layer 5, the high refractive index layer 6, the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 can be reduced, or the height of the semiconductor light emitting device 4 can be adjusted. It becomes possible to increase the degree of freedom of design.

  In addition, the light guide plate 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration and the configuration other than the provision of the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 in a part of the low refractive index layer 5. The configuration is the same as in the embodiment. Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the present embodiment is also configured by laminating the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, which are specific layers, the high refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7. Therefore, similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain advantages such as that the film thickness can be freely controlled and cracks and peeling can be suppressed.

As mentioned above, although the specific example of embodiment of the light guide member of this invention was introduced, said 1st-10th embodiment introduce | transduces a part in other embodiment, respectively, or combines, etc., It is also possible to change appropriately.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, as long as at least two specific layers such as the low refractive index layers 5 and 5 ′, the light refractive index layer 6, and the light scattering layer and / or the phosphor-containing layer 7 are laminated, the conductive layer is guided. Some layers constituting the optical plate 8 may not be provided, and other layers may be further laminated. For example, since the specific layer is excellent in translucency and adhesion, it is preferable to provide a moisture-proof film formed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or the like on the outermost layer of the light guide plate 8 described above.

Further, the boundary portions such as the low refractive index portion 5 a, the high refractive index portion 6 a, and the boundary portion 10 penetrate at least two of the layers 5, 5 ′, 6, and 7 constituting the light guide plate 8. Therefore, three or more layers may be penetrated. Furthermore, it may be formed not only of a material that can transmit light but also of a material that does not transmit light. Furthermore, you may make the boundary part contain other components, such as an inorganic particle, a fluorescent substance, a color material, for example.
The color material can be used by appropriately selecting the material and color for the purpose of improving each function of the boundary portion. For example, when two light guide layer regions that propagate different colors are separated by a boundary portion, if the boundary portion is white, the white boundary portion reflects light in each region, and light leaks to the adjacent region. It has the effect of preventing color mixing and preventing color removal. However, when the white boundary is made very thin or thin, the light shielding effect may be insufficient. In this case, if a black boundary portion is used, a loss of light guide amount due to light absorption occurs, but it is considered that light color mixing to the adjacent region can be reliably prevented.
In the case where the boundary portion contains a color material to make it white, an inorganic and / or organic material can be used as the color material. For example, as the inorganic particles, alumina fine powder, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, Metal oxides such as zinc oxide and magnesium oxide; metal salts such as calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide; boron nitride, alumina white, colloidal silica, aluminum silicate , Zirconium silicate, aluminum borate, clay, talc, kaolin, mica, and synthetic mica. Examples of the organic fine particles include resin particles such as fluorine resin particles, guanamine resin particles, melamine resin particles, acrylic resin particles, and silicon resin particles, but they are not limited to these.
In addition, in the case where the boundary portion contains a color material to be black, inorganic and / or organic materials can be used. For example, as the inorganic particles, titanium black, carbon black, iron oxide black, bismuth sulfate, etc. Is mentioned. Examples of the organic fine particles include aniline black, cyanine black, and perylene black, but are not limited to these.
Moreover, only 1 type may be used for a color material and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, they are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to these embodiments.

[Virtual model 1]
The virtual model 1 shown below is a virtual model in which the same operations and effects as those of Examples 1 and 2 described later are obtained when the light guide plate is manufactured as follows.

[1-1] Preparation of low refractive index layer forming liquid Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., which is a rubbery one-component dimethyl silicone resin (refractive index n = 1.41) that does not contain a polar group as a low refractive index resin. JCR6101UP manufactured is stirred and defoamed with a centrifugal defoaming type stirring device to obtain a low refractive index layer forming liquid.

[1-2] Preparation of High Refractive Index Layer Forming Liquid Momentive Performance Materials Japan GK that is a rubbery two-component phenylmethyl silicone resin (n = 1.53) that does not contain a polar group as a high refractive index resin IVS5022 is stirred and defoamed with a centrifugal defoaming type stirring device to obtain a high refractive index layer forming liquid.

[1-3] Preparation of Light Scattering Layer Forming Liquid As light scattering particles, 0.75 g of “Tospearl 145 (median particle size 5 μm)” manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan GK and Al ₂ O ₃ fine powder CR1 (median particle size) (400 nm) 0.076 g was mixed with 11.3 g of the rubber-like two-component phenylmethyl silicone resin and 2.5 g of heptane described in [1-2], and the mixture was stirred and defoamed with a centrifugal defoaming stirrer. A scattering layer forming liquid is obtained.

[1-4] Primer Solution As the primer solution, for example, a primer solution “Primer C” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. (which is considered to contain a polar group such as amino group or methacryl group) is used as it is. In addition, it is preferable to use a primer solution dedicated for optical use because yellowing during heat curing is small.

[1-5] Application of optical material forming liquid 2 g of the low refractive index layer forming liquid [1-1] was poured into a 5 cm diameter Teflon (registered trademark) petri dish and leveled. Curing is performed for 1 hour to obtain a transparent cured film having a thickness of 1 mm.
While the cured film is placed in a Teflon petri dish, the primer C of [1-4] is thinly applied on the low refractive index layer, the solvent of the primer is air-dried, and then the high refractive index layer of [1-2] 2 g of the forming liquid is poured and leveled, and cured for 1 hour in a ventilating dryer at 150 ° C., and a transparent high refractive index layer having a thickness of 1 mm is laminated on the low refractive index layer.
Further, the primer C of [1-4] is thinly coated on the laminated cured product, the primer solvent is air-dried, the light scattering layer forming liquid of [1-3] is poured and leveled, and a ventilation dryer at 150 ° C. Curing is performed for 1 hour, and a third film having a thickness of 0.8 mm is laminated.

  The obtained light guide plate having a three-layer structure is taken out from the petri dish, and a blue LED having a wavelength of 460 nm sealed with JCR6175 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning is pressed onto the central high refractive index layer from one end on the circumference. To emit light. Thereby, it is considered that the blue light propagates in the high refractive index layer and the entire surface of the light scattering layer shines.

  When sharp tweezers are inserted between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer, the light guide plate of the virtual model 1 does not spontaneously expand from the tweezers portion between the layers. Expected to be in close contact. Similarly, when an external force is applied between the high-refractive index layer and the light scattering layer, this also is not expected to expand spontaneously and is expected to adhere well.

[Example 1]
Although it has the same three-layer structure as the virtual model 1, it uses LPS2410 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., which is a two-component dimethyl silicone resin having an epoxy group as a polar group in the low refractive index layer, and the high refractive index layer. JCR6175 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd., which is a two-pack type phenylmethylsilicone resin having an epoxy group / methoxy group as a polar group, was used to prepare a light guide plate in which three layers were directly laminated without applying a primer.

  This light guide plate is taken out from the petri dish and, like the virtual model 1, a blue LED having a wavelength of 460 nm sealed with the same high refractive index resin as the high refractive index layer is pushed from one end on the circumference to the central high refractive index layer. As a result, the blue light propagated through the high refractive index layer and the entire light scattering layer was observed to shine.

  When sharp tweezers were inserted between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer, the light guide plate of Example 1 did not cause spontaneous peeling expansion from the tweezers portion between the layers. It was in close contact. Similarly, when an external force was applied between the high-refractive index layer and the light scattering layer, it was also in close contact without causing spontaneous expansion of peeling starting from the tweezers.

[Example 2]
The three-layer structure having the same low-refractive index layer, high-refractive index layer, and light scattering layer as in Example 1, but the primer C used in the virtual model 1 is thinly applied between each layer, and the solvent of the primer is air-dried The next layer was poured and leveled, and cured to produce a light guide plate in which three layers were laminated.

  Similar to the virtual model 1, when a blue LED having a wavelength of 460 nm sealed with a high refractive index resin similar to that in Example 1 was pressed from one end on the circumference to the central high refractive index layer, light was emitted. It was observed that blue light propagated through the refractive index layer and the entire light scattering layer was shining.

  When sharp tweezers were inserted between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer, the light guide plate of Example 2 did not spontaneously expand and peel off from the tweezers between the layers. It was in close contact. Similarly, when an external force was applied between the high-refractive index layer and the light scattering layer, this also did not cause spontaneous peeling expansion starting from the tweezers, and was in close contact.

[Comparison virtual model 1]
Although it has a three-layer structure using the same resin as that of the virtual model 1, when a light guide plate in which three layers are directly laminated without applying a primer between the layers is used, Since the peeling easily occurs and separates from the boundary surface, it cannot be used as a light guide plate due to insufficient adhesion.

[Comparative Example 1]
[2-1] Preparation of low refractive index layer forming solution 30.80 g of methyl silicate (MKC silicate MS51 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), 56.53 g of methanol, 6.51 g of water, and 5 wt% acetylacetone aluminum salt methanol as a catalyst 6.16 g of the solution was mixed in a sealable container, sealed, heated with a hot water bath at 50 ° C. for 8 hours while stirring with a stirrer, and then returned to room temperature to prepare a hydrolysis / polycondensation solution. The refractive index of the cured product of this liquid is 1.44.

[2-2] Preparation of high refractive index layer forming solution 30.80 g of methyl silicate (MKC silicate MS51 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), 56.53 g of methanol, 6.51 g of water, silica having a particle diameter of 5 nm as a refractive index adjusting agent 19.6 g of titania sol with zirconia coating (methanol dispersion with a solid content of 20% by weight) and 6.16 g of 5% by weight acetylacetone aluminum salt methanol solution as a catalyst were mixed in a sealable container, sealed and stirred with a stirrer. While heating in a 50 ° C. hot water bath for 8 hours, the temperature was returned to room temperature, and a hydrolysis / polycondensation solution was prepared. The refractive index of the cured product of this liquid is 1.52.

[2-3] Preparation of light scattering layer forming solution As light scattering particles, 0.75 g of “Tospearl 145 (median particle size 5 μm)” manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan GK and Al ₂ O ₃ fine powder CR1 (median particle size) (400 nm) 0.076 g was mixed with 30 g of the high refractive index layer forming liquid described above in [2-2] and stirred with a stirrer to obtain a light scattering layer forming liquid.

[2-4] Application of optical material forming liquid 10 g of the low refractive index layer forming liquid obtained in [2-1] was poured into a 5 cm diameter Teflon (registered trademark) petri dish, and the temperature was 1 hour at 35 ° C. for 30 minutes. After holding for a period of time and removing the solvent, the mixture was held at 150 ° C. for 3 hours and cured by heating. As a result, a hard glassy film having a thickness of about 0.3 mm was obtained. However, many cracks were generated in this film during the drying process, and the film could not be taken out as a complete circular transparent glass film.

  Furthermore, using the high refractive index layer forming liquid obtained in [2-2] and the light scattering layer forming liquid of [2-3], an attempt was made to create a single film with the same formulation as the low refractive index layer forming liquid. However, many warpages and cracks occurred, and it was not possible to take out as a complete circular glassy film.

Thus, each layer is in a state in which it is difficult to form a single layer film, and it was not possible to form a light guide plate in which three layers are stacked as in the virtual model 1. Further, these films Shore A, can not be obtained a sufficient area and thickness to measure the film hardness using a Shore D hardness meter, was not able to obtain the hardness measurements, of SiO ₂ Since the hardness of the general glass plate represented was Shore D = 100, it is estimated that it has the same degree of hardness. Therefore, the hard siloxane compound of Comparative Example 1 having a siloxane structure and having a silanol or an alkoxy group as a polar group, but having no adjustment of the degree of crosslinking, is flexible even if it has chemical adhesion between each layer. It is considered that the shrinkage stress generated at the time of curing cannot be relieved because of insufficient, and the light guide plate cannot be formed due to breakage.

The results of the above Examples and Comparative Examples are summarized in Table 1. In the column of adhesion, D / H represents the adhesion between the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer, and H / L represents the adhesion between the high refractive index layer and the light scattering layer. . In the adhesion column, ◎ indicates that when tweezers are inserted between layers, there is no spontaneous separation starting from the tweezers part, and it is difficult to insert tweezers due to strong adhesion. ◯ indicates that when tweezers are inserted between layers, there is no spontaneous separation starting from the tweezers part, but tweezers are easily inserted, and × indicates when taking out from the petri dish Indicates that two-layer separation or damage has occurred. Furthermore, in the column of the light extraction effect, ◯ represents that the whole light scattering layer was observed to shine, and × represents that it was not observed.

  The light guide member of the present invention has flexibility, is excellent in adhesion at the time of lamination, suppresses the generation of cracks even during long-term use, and suppresses peeling from the substrate and peeling on the laminated surface. Moreover, the optical waveguide and the light guide plate formed using the light guide member of the present invention can freely set the film thickness from a thick film to a thin film, the generation of cracks is suppressed even in long-term use, Peeling on the laminated surface is suppressed.

  Therefore, the light guide member, the light guide, and the light guide plate of the present invention have extremely high industrial applicability in the respective fields.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the light-guide plate using the light guide member of this invention. (A)-(f) is a figure which shows typically about the specific example of the relationship of the arbitrary two layers which comprise the light guide member of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 1H, 5H Hole 2 Semiconductor light emitting element 3 Sealing material 4 Semiconductor light emitting device 5 Low refractive index layer 5a Low refractive index part 6 High refractive index layer 6a High refractive index part 7 Light scattering layer and / or phosphor containing layer 8 Light guide member (light guide plate)
9 Angle formed by the side surface of the light guide member and the laminated surface 10 High refractive index portion and / or low refractive index portion (boundary portion)
11 Reflective layer O Layer P Primer S Specific layer

Claims (14)

A light guide member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated,
At least one of the layers has the following characteristics; and
A light guide member comprising a light source having a main wavelength of an emission peak of 500 nm or less.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond. A light guide member in which two or more layers having different refractive indexes are laminated,
An optical member characterized in that at least two layers in contact with each other satisfy the following conditions.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond. A light guide member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated,
At least one of the layers has the following characteristics; and
A light guide member comprising a light source having a main wavelength of an emission peak of 500 nm or less.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond. An optical member in which two or more layers having different haze values are laminated,
An optical member characterized in that at least two layers in contact with each other satisfy the following conditions.
1) It contains a polar group at the interface with other layers.
2) Hardness is 5 or more and 100 or less at Shore A, or 0 or more and 85 or less at Shore D.
3) Having a siloxane bond. The light guide member according to claim 3, further comprising a layer having a haze value of 50 or more. The light guide member according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the layer satisfying the above conditions 1) to 3) contains a vinyl group and / or a hydrosilyl group. It has a layer containing an inorganic particle, The light guide member of any one of Claims 1-6 characterized by the above-mentioned. The light guide member according to claim 7, wherein a median particle diameter of the inorganic particles is 1 to 10 nm. A layer containing inorganic particles having a median particle diameter of 0.05 to 50 μm;
The light guide member according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a layer containing inorganic particles having a median particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm. It has a layer containing fluorescent substance, The light guide member of any one of Claims 1-9 characterized by the above-mentioned. 11. The light guide member according to claim 1, wherein an angle formed between the side surface and the laminated surface is not less than 30 degrees and not more than 80 degrees. The light guide member according to claim 1, further comprising a boundary portion that penetrates at least two layers of the layers. An optical waveguide characterized by being formed using the light guide member according to claim 1. A light guide plate formed using the light guide member according to claim 1.

Images