JP2008266996A - Tunnel excavator and tunnel excavation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel excavator which does not cause rolling of an excavator internal cylinder, eliminates the risk of destruction of traveling wheels, and allows the traveling wheels to safely travel by separating an excavator main body from an excavator shell as needed. <P>SOLUTION: The tunnel excavator is formed of the excavator body 20 having the excavator internal cylinder smaller than the internal diameter of an embedded pipe body P by a required value and cutter spokes 25b contractible to a size smaller than the internal diameter by the required value, and the excavator shell 10 for storing therein the excavator internal cylinder and fixing the same in a separable manner. Almost the entire length of the excavator internal cylinder 21 is stored in and supported by an internal cylinder section 13 of the excavator shell 10. Then the excavator has the traveling wheels 28 arranged on a lower portion of the excavator internal cylinder 21, and an internal surface of the excavator shell 10, at a location corresponding to the traveling wheels is recessed, so that the traveling wheels 28 are held in a floating state. In the process of forming a pipe line, if necessary, the cutter spokes are contracted to separate the excavator body from the excavator shell, and therefore the excavator body can recede toward a starting shaft A by the traveling wheels 28. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator that constructs a pipe body in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground, and in particular, excavates the excavator body when necessary during and after the pipe formation. The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavation method that can be separated from the outer shell of the machine and evacuated to the pipe side.

  Conventionally, in tunnel construction such as propulsion work and shield construction to form a pipeline in the ground, a tunnel excavator is dug into the ground from the start shaft side to the destination shaft, and a fixed length tunnel is formed. Each time excavation is performed, a pipe line is formed by sequentially adding buried pipes of a certain length following the tunnel excavator.

  The tunnel excavator that has reached the reach shaft is usually recovered from the inside of the reach shaft, but if the reach shaft is a narrow shaft such as an existing manhole, or if the reach shaft is not provided, In the case where the reaching shaft is not provided as in the case where two tunnel excavators are docked in the ground, the tunnel excavator cannot be taken out from the reaching side. In such a case, after the excavation is completed, the tunnel excavator is removed and collected through the pipeline to the start shaft without dismantling (see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, even if there is a sheet pile left behind during excavation and this sheet pile cannot be removed with a tunnel excavator, the tunnel excavator is temporarily removed to the start shaft side without disassembling the tunnel excavator, and the sheet pile etc. After removal, the tunnel excavator is reattached to the excavation position.

For this reason, the tunnel excavator is inserted and fixed in the leading laying pipe, and the start shaft side is rotated while rotating the cutter head of the tunnel excavating projecting forward from the opening end of the leading buried pipe. The tunnel is excavated by advancing the buried pipe with the tunnel excavator and the tunnel is excavated, and each time the tunnel of the length of the buried pipe is excavated, the buried pipe is sequentially added to the pipeline. Then, after the excavation is completed, the cutter head is reduced to be smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe body, and the tunnel excavator is unfixed to the leading buried pipe body. It has been performed to retreat to the start shaft through the pipeline without dismantling and to collect from the start shaft to the ground side (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-219979

  However, in the tunnel excavator for forming a pipeline disclosed in Patent Document 1, traveling wheels for transferring the excavator main body are provided at four circumferential positions (up and down, left and right positions), and the excavator The total weight of the main body is added to the lower traveling wheels (two wheels) and the rolling reaction force during excavation is also applied, so there is a risk of damage to the traveling wheels and their bearings. Quick recovery to the shaft side becomes difficult. In addition, there is a problem in that excavated soil remains because the soil removal device is at a high position, the wheel is exposed at the time of extraction, and earth and sand enter the axle.

  The present invention does not cause the inner cylinder of the excavator to roll with respect to the outer shell of the excavator, and there is no possibility that the traveling wheel is destroyed by pressure from the surroundings during excavation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavator in which traveling wheels can travel safely and reliably when the porch is shrunk after formation to separate the excavator body from the excavator outer shell and retract to the start shaft side.

  In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 is capable of excavating a tunnel substantially equal to the inner diameter of the excavator and the outer diameter of the buried pipe, which are smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe, and the covered pipe. An excavator body having a telescopic cutter spoke that can be shrunk so as to be smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe, and an outer diameter that is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the buried pipe, accommodating the excavator body and separating the inner cylinder of the excavator An excavator outer shell that can be fixed, and the pipe is formed by adding the buried pipe while excavating the tunnel in the ground, and when necessary during the pipe formation and after the pipe formation, A tunnel excavator capable of retracting a telescopic cutter pork and separating an excavator body from the outer shell of the excavator and evacuating to the pipe side, wherein the excavator body has the inner cylinder of the excavator, and the excavator has a substantially full length. Removable by being housed in the inner cylinder of the machine shell A plurality of traveling wheels are supported and floated on the lower portion of the inner cylinder of the excavator in the accommodated state, and are configured to travel on the inner surface of the tubular body when the traveling wheels are retracted to the pipeline side. A tunnel excavator.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1, the face side portion of the portion including the traveling wheel is closed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect, the outer wall of the partition wall and the lower part of the joint surface portion of the inner cylinder closing the portion of the excavator main body that faces the face of the inner surface of the excavator A soil removal intake opening of the soil removal device is provided, and the soil removal capture tube of the soil removal device extends to the pipeline side so as to surround the soil removal capture opening, The traveling wheels are provided on both sides of a soil take-up cylinder.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the excavator body includes a excavation direction correcting device using a jack on a pipe line side, and the excavator body So that the transfer plate having a circular arc surface that coincides with the outer surface of the excavator shell and the pipe line is extended so that the pipe can be removed. It is structured.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration according to the fourth aspect, the wheel for aligning the excavator body with respect to the outer shell of the excavator shell by guiding the traveling wheel to the transfer plate. It is characterized by having a guide.

  In addition to the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the invention described in claim 6 includes a plurality of traveling auxiliary wheels in the circumferential direction at the end of the upper half of the inner cylinder of the excavator in the circumferential direction. The travel assisting wheel is configured to guide the excavator body with respect to the inner surface of the pipeline when the excavator body is retracted to the pipeline side.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a propulsion device that digs a tunnel in the ground with the tunnel excavator according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects and adds the pipe to the rear side of the tunnel excavator. In the tunnel excavation method of propelling and extending the pipeline, during tunnel excavation, the traveling wheel provided in the tunnel excavator is lifted from the excavation surface and the excavation surface is concealed, and the excavation is performed during the excavation. When retracting the excavator body, the telescopic cutter pork of the telescopic cutter is reduced, the excavator body is separated from the excavator outer shell, the transfer plate is installed, and the traveling wheel is placed on the transfer plate. The excavator main body is put into the pipeline and retreated from the pipeline, and then the excavator main body is again inserted into the pipeline and the pipe and the receptacle are received by the traveling wheels. The excavator inner cylinder is fitted and connected to the excavator outer shell, the transfer plate is removed, the earth removing device, and the other disconnected parts are connected again, A tunnel excavation method in which a pair of telescopic cutter spokes of the telescopic cutter is extended and then the tunnel excavation is continued by the tunnel excavator is used.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, since the excavator inner cylinder is firmly supported by the inner cylinder portion of the excavator outer shell and excavation is performed, the excavator inner cylinder does not roll with respect to the excavator outer shell. Moreover, since the traveling wheels are kept floating during excavation, the traveling wheels are not destroyed by the pressure from the surroundings, and the cutter pork is shrunk when necessary during and after the pipeline formation. When the excavator body is separated from the excavator outer shell and retracted to the start shaft side, the traveling wheels can travel safely and reliably.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the face side portion of the portion provided with the traveling wheel is closed, the excavated soil cut through the face does not enter the periphery of the traveling wheel, so the excavated soil does not enter the axle, The axle is not damaged. In addition, since the excavated soil cut into the face does not enter the periphery of the traveling wheel, when the excavator body is separated from the excavator outer shell and retracted to the start shaft side, the excavated soil is not brought into the pipeline, The pipeline is kept clean.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, during excavation, the excavated soil can be taken in better and efficiently from the lower center of the excavator inner cylinder, and the excavated soil can be discharged with almost no leftover. Since it is provided on both sides with the insertion tube in between, the traveling wheel is excavated so that the excavator body does not sway sideways when the excavator body is separated from the excavator outer shell and retracted to the start shaft side. The main body can be supported to stably travel in the pipeline, and the excavator body can pass through the pipeline without interfering with the inner surface of the pipeline.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, when the excavating direction correcting device using a jack is added to the pipe side of the excavator body, the excavator outer shell and the pipe line are largely separated. By simply detaching and laying the delivery plate, the traveling wheel can be run on the delivery plate, transferred to the pipeline side, and the excavator body can be retracted to the pipeline side.

  That is, if the excavator outer shell and the pipe line are greatly separated, when the excavator main body is retracted to the pipe side, the posture of the excavator main body is supported as the excavator inner cylinder comes out from the excavator outer shell. A means to hold is required, but by laying the transfer plate, the traveling wheel can transfer to the transfer plate, support the weight of the excavator body, maintain the posture and allow the excavator body to enter the pipeline it can. For this reason, it is possible to quickly retract the excavator body to the pipeline side.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the excavator body is retracted to the pipeline side during excavation and then moved to the excavation position and set again, the wheel guide provided on the transfer plate is used for traveling of the traveling wheel. Since the excavator body can be aligned in the circumferential direction with respect to the excavator shell simply by feeding the excavator body to the inside of the excavator shell, the labor of the alignment can be saved and the The connection between the shell and the inner cylinder of the excavator can be fixed immediately and workability is improved.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the excavator body is retracted into the pipeline and subsequently moved to the start shaft, the traveling auxiliary wheel guides the upper semi-cylindrical surface of the pipeline. The excavator body can smoothly travel and move in the pipeline.

  According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the same effect as that of the first to sixth aspects of the invention can be obtained.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 of the Invention

In the first embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to propulsion work will be described.
1 to 7 show a tunnel excavator 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  First, the configuration will be described. The tunnel excavator 100 includes an excavator outer shell 10 and an excavator main body 20 installed in the excavator outer shell 10.

FIG. 8 shows an outline of pipe formation work for excavating a tunnel and forming a pipe using the tunnel excavator 100.
In FIG. 8, symbol A is a start shaft, and a tunnel excavator 100 is installed on a lower side surface of the start shaft A toward a reaching shaft (not shown) or a manhole (not shown), and a propulsion device (hydraulic cylinder) The apparatus) B is installed backward, excavation by the tunnel excavator 100 is started, and the tunnel excavator 100 is propelled by the propulsion apparatus B to excavate by the length of one buried pipe P.

  Then, the propulsion device B is reduced, and the buried pipe P (for example, a fume pipe is used, but a concrete pipe, a steel pipe, a segment pipe, etc.) may be inserted after the tunnel excavator 100, and the propulsion device B is again installed. After setting, the tunnel excavator 100 excavates again, and the propulsion device B propels the buried pipe P to dig the length of one buried pipe P.

  Thereafter, similarly, the buried pipe P is added while the tunnel excavator 100 excavates the tunnel in the ground, and the buried pipe P is propelled by the propulsion device B to extend the pipeline.

  Hereinafter, returning to FIGS. 1 to 7, the description of the configuration of the tunnel excavator 100 will be continued.

  The excavator outer shell 10 has a laminated structure in which an outer cylinder part 11, an intermediate cylinder part 12, and an inner cylinder part 13 are connected by bolts and other joining means (not shown). The laminated structure ensures the finish layer in the pipe when there is a large dimensional difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter, the necessity of providing a recess on the inner peripheral surface, and when the outer shell 10 is left behind This is to improve the convenience of production. The excavator outer shell 10 does not necessarily have a double structure depending on the reaching method and the pipe finishing method.

  The intermediate cylinder part 12 and the inner cylinder part 13 are thick bodies. The outer cylinder part 11 is formed in the cylindrical shape with the steel plate, and an outer diameter is set substantially equal to the outer diameter of the buried pipe P. The intermediate cylinder portion 12 is a cylindrical body integrally coupled to the outer cylinder portion 11. The inner cylinder portion 13 is set to have a smaller inner diameter than the inner diameter of the buried pipe P, for example, 100 mm smaller. The intermediate cylinder part 12 and the inner cylinder part 13 may be a solid cylinder made of reinforced concrete, or may be a hollow cylinder formed by welding steel plates and a structure in which an aggregate is stuck if necessary.

  The intermediate cylinder part 12 and the inner cylinder part 13 have the face side end coincident and are retracted from the face side end of the outer cylinder part 11, the pipe line side end coincides and the pipe side end of the outer cylinder part 11 is greater than the pipe side end. I'm retracting. The inner space of the outer cylinder part 11 on the face side of the end face on the face side of the intermediate cylinder part 12 and the inner cylinder part 13 is a stirring chamber for taking in the earth and sand that has broken the face of the natural mountain and stirring and plasticizing it. 14

  The intermediate cylinder portion 12 is a complete cylindrical body, whereas the inner cylinder portion 13 is not a complete cylindrical body and does not interfere with running wheels 28 provided in the excavator body 20 described later on the inner peripheral surface. The recessed part 15 which can be accommodated is provided. The concave portion 15 includes a case where the inner cylinder portion 13 is not formed by being cut out at a portion corresponding to the concave portion 15.

  The excavator main body 20 includes a base body composed of an excavator inner cylinder 21 and a partition wall 22. The excavator inner cylinder 21 is formed in an iron cylindrical shape having substantially the same length as the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10 and is loosely fitted to the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10. Furthermore, it is comprised so that it can fix and isolate | separate with respect to the inner cylinder part 13 of the excavator outer shell 10 with connection means, such as a volt | bolt. Since the excavator inner cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10 are opposed to each other on a cylindrical surface having a large area and fixedly connected by the fixing means b, the excavator body 20 is connected to the excavator outer shell 10 during excavation. On the other hand, there is no rolling in the circumferential direction. The face side edge of the recess 15 is provided at a certain distance from the face side edge of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder part 13. Therefore, the face side edge of the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder part 13 is provided. The fixed dimension portion is a rounded circumferential surface, and a circumferential groove is formed here, and the inner cylinder portion of the excavator inner cylinder 21 and the excavator outer shell 10 is provided by the sealing means c provided in the circumferential groove. The seal with 13 is intended.

  The partition wall 22 is an iron circular plate and closes the position in the excavator inner cylinder 21 close to the face side. The excavator main body 20 is provided with a space 22 on the face side as an agitating chamber 14 for the soil removed by cutting the face, with respect to the partition wall 22.

  The excavator body 20 includes a bearing 23, a rotary shaft 24, an extendable cutter 25, and a rotation driving means 26 so as to be provided or supported on the partition wall 22, and is provided on the excavator inner cylinder 21 and the partition wall 22. The earth removal device 27 and the traveling wheel 28 are provided so as to be supported or supported.

  The rotary shaft 24 is provided through the partition wall 22, is pivotally supported by the bearing 23, is fitted and fixed in a central hole (not shown) of the cutter boss 25a of the telescopic cutter 25, and supports the cutter boss 25a.

  The telescopic cutter 25 has a cutter boss 25a, a pair of telescopic cutter spokes 25b and 25b extending parallel to each other and extending to both sides of the cutter boss 25a, and a pair of telescopic cutter porks 25b and 25b are 90. ° It has a pair of fixed cutter spokes 25c, 25c projecting in different directions on both sides (see Fig. 3).

  The expansion / contraction cutter pork 25b is accommodated in two parallel spaces formed inside and opened on both side surfaces of the cutter boss 25a so as to be expandable / contractible from both side openings. Further, a hydraulic cylinder device 25d is accommodated inside the telescopic cutter spoke 25b. In the hydraulic cylinder device 25d, the piston head is linked to the distal end side of the extendable cutter spoke 25b, and the cylinder base is linked to the cutter boss 25a side (see FIG. 3).

  At the time of excavation, the expansion / contraction cutter pork 25b extends the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder device 25d, so that the expansion / contraction cutter spoke 25b extends from the cutter boss 25a, and the rotation diameter at the tip of the expansion / contraction cutter spoke 25b is the outer diameter of the embedded pipe P. For example, it is possible to excavate a tunnel in which the buried pipe P can be embedded by making the rotation diameter of the cutter bit (outer peripheral shell bit) 25e attached to the tip substantially coincide with the outer diameter of the buried pipe P. At the time of recovery to the pipe line side, the expansion and contraction cutter pork 25b is retracted into the cutter boss 25a by a required size by reducing the piston rod, and the rotation diameter at the tip of the cutter bit 25e is set to the inner diameter of the buried pipe P. For example, it can be made smaller by 100 mm (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

  The fixed cutter pork 25c is configured to be able to pass through the pipeline, for example, with a rotation diameter at the tip being 100 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe P, as in the case of contraction of the expandable cutter pork 25b.

  The telescopic cutter 25 has a cutter bit (fishtail bit) 25f on a cutter boss 25a, and a cutter bit (roof bit) 25g at appropriate positions on the face side of the telescopic cutter pork 25b and fixed cutter pork 25c. . Furthermore, a stirring blade 25h is provided that extends from the distal ends of the telescopic cutter pork 25b and the fixed cutter pork 25c to the pipe line side (rear surface side) (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

  The telescopic cutter 25 receives a propulsive force while rotating with the telescopic cutter pork 25b extended, so that the cutter bits 25e to 25g are pushed into the face and tunneled with a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the buried pipe P. In addition, the retractable cutter pork 25b is shrunk so that it can pass through the pipeline so as not to interfere with the inner surface of the buried pipe P at the time of recovery to the pipeline side. The excavated earth and sand are taken into the stirring chamber 14, stirred by the stirring blade 25h, plastically fluidized, and discharged by the soil discharging device 27 (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

  The rotation driving means 26 includes a motor 26a and a speed reducer (for example, a gear reducer) 26b. The speed reducer 26 b is provided on the pipe side surface of the partition wall 22. The motor 26a is provided in the reduction gear case. The input shaft of the reduction gear 26b is connected to the output shaft of the motor 26a, and the output shaft of the reduction gear 26b is connected and fixed to the rotary shaft 24 (see FIG. 1).

  The earth removal device 27 employs a screw conveyor in this embodiment (see FIG. 1). Surrounding the opening 22a for soil removal that is opened at the lower center of the partition wall 22, a soil removal tube 27a extends to the start shaft A side in an inclined manner. The earth removing device 27 is provided by fixing the earth removing cylinder 27 a to the excavator inner cylinder 21 and the partition wall 22, and a screw 27 b is inserted into the earth removing cylinder 27 a so that the lower end (insertion tip) is a face with respect to the partition wall 22. Incorporate the excavated soil that protrudes to the side. The excavated earth and sand are taken into the agitating chamber 14 on the face side of the partition wall 22 from the telescopic cutter 25, and agitated in the agitating room 14 to be plastic fluidized, and the plastic fluidized earth and sand is taken into the earth removing device 27. To be excavated. At this time, if necessary, a mud material for promoting plastic fluidization of the excavated soil is injected into the excavated soil through a nozzle 25 i provided in the center of the cutter and a nozzle 22 b provided in the upper part of the partition wall 22. . In addition, the partition wall 22 may be located at the face side tip of the excavator inner cylinder 21.

  When collecting the excavator body 20 to the pipeline side, the earth removal device 27 can be separated from the excavator body 20 by releasing the bolt connection of the flange portion of the earth removal tube 27a and pulling out the screw 27b (see FIG. 2).

The traveling wheels 28 are provided in traveling wheel storage chambers 29 that are formed on both sides of the soil removal cylinder 27a so as to prevent the soil from entering other than the lower opening. The traveling wheel storage chamber 29 prevents the intrusion of soil by the face side end wall 29a, supports both ends of the axle of the traveling wheel 28 on both side walls along the tunnel direction, and has a rear side end wall (not labeled). The excavator outer shell 10 is fixed by a fixing means b.
It is preferable that a brush (not shown) is provided at the lower part on the face side of the traveling wheel housing chamber 29 because the inflow of earth and sand can be further suppressed. A plurality of traveling wheels 28 are provided in a row so as to correspond to the length of the excavator inner cylinder 21, and in the illustrated example, three wheels are provided so that six wheels are arranged in one row and six rows on both sides. The weight of the excavator body 20 is shared so that the load on the wheel 28 is small and there is no risk of damage (see FIGS. 1, 4, and 5).

  In a state where the excavator body 20 is accommodated in the excavator outer shell 10, the traveling wheel 28 is located in the recess 15 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the excavator outer shell 10 and should not be installed on the excavator outer shell 10. It will be in a floating state (see FIG. 4). For this reason, even if surrounding ground pressure is applied to the excavator outer shell 10, it is not transmitted to the traveling wheels 28.

The tunnel excavator 100 of this embodiment includes an excavation direction correcting device 30.
The excavation direction correcting device 30 includes a cylindrical portion 11a that is a portion of the outer cylinder portion 11 of the excavator outer shell 10 that extends to the pipe line side with respect to the intermediate cylinder portion 12, and a portion that overlaps the inside of the cylindrical portion 11a. And a bendable cylindrical portion for securing a shield, which includes a pusher ring 31 and a sealing means 32 for sealing an overlap surface between the cylindrical portion 11a and the pusher ring 31 (see FIG. 1).

  Further, the excavation direction correcting device 30 has ring joints on both sides of a jack bracket 33 a fixed to the inner surface of the inner cylinder portion 13 constituting the excavator outer shell 10 and a jack bracket 33 b fixed to the inner surface of the pusher ring 31. A jack 34 connected to 34a and 34b is provided (see FIG. 1). The jack 34 is preferably a hydraulic jack. Four or more jacks 34 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and four in this example. The pusher ring 31 includes a cylindrical portion 31a that overlaps the outer surface of the first embedded tube P, and the cylindrical portion 31a secures a seal with the embedded tube P and ensures connection.

  At the time of excavation, thrust by the propulsion device B shown in FIG. 8 is received by the pusher ring 31 and transmitted to the excavator body 20 via the jack 34, and further transmitted from the excavator inner cylinder to the excavator outer shell 10.

  The excavation direction correcting device 30 expands and contracts a plurality of jacks 34 on one side and expands a plurality of jacks 34 on the other side when the excavation direction deviates from the target direction, while excavating with the tunnel excavator 100. When propelled by the propulsion device B shown in FIG. 8, the excavation direction can be changed. Note that the refraction angle can be adjusted to be large or small depending on the extension amount of the jack 34, and direction correction and curved tunnel construction during excavation can be easily and accurately performed.

  In the tunnel excavator 100 of this embodiment, the excavator main body 20 is separated from the excavator outer shell 10 when a foreign object that cannot be excavated appears on the face during excavation (and after the pipe is formed). It is easy to return the excavator main body 20 to the original excavation position again when the unexcavated foreign matter appearing on the face is removed through the pipe formed by adding the buried pipe P to the start shaft A. It is configured to do so.

  The excavator body 20 is configured to be separable from the excavator outer shell 10 so that the excavator body 20 can be pulled back to the start shaft A through the pipeline (see FIG. 2). For this separation, after removing the earth removing device 27, for example, four jacks 34 are removed, and further, a jack bracket 33b provided on the pusher ring 31 is removed, and the excavator inner cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder of the excavator outer shell 10 are removed. This is achieved by removing the fixation between the portion 13 and the fixing means b (see FIG. 2).

  In order to move the excavator body 20 into the pipeline, the tow vehicle C is placed in the pipeline, and the tow vehicle C and the excavator body 20 are connected to each other by a rope or other connecting means. The cylinder 21 is pulled out from the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10, and the excavator body 20 can move in the pipe line direction (see FIG. 2). However, in this embodiment, the excavation direction correcting device 30 is provided, and the distance between the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10 and the pipe line is open to the same extent as the length of the excavator main body 20, so that it floats. The running wheel 28 in the above state cannot ride on the pipeline before the excavator inner cylinder 21 is pulled out from the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10, and cannot support the excavator body 20 at the same height.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, after removing the jack 34 and the like, a cylindrical surface that coincides with the inner surface of the pipeline so as to extend the inner surface of the pipeline between the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator shell 10 and the pipeline. A transfer plate 40 having a slab is laid and the transfer plate 40 can be fixed to the pusher ring 31 with a bolt (see FIGS. 2 and 5).

  Accordingly, the excavator main body 20 can be retracted to the pipeline side by running the traveling wheel 28 on the transfer plate 40 and moving to the pipeline side. That is, since the excavator outer shell 10 and the pipe line are greatly separated from each other, when the excavator main body 20 is withdrawn from the excavator outer shell 10 when the excavator main body 20 is retreated to the pipe side, the excavator main body Although a means for supporting the weight of 20 and maintaining the posture is required, the laying of the transfer plate 40 allows the traveling wheel 28 to transfer to the transfer plate 40 to support the weight of the excavator body 20 and maintain the posture. The main body 20 can be put into the pipeline (see FIGS. 2 and 6). For this reason, the excavator body 20 can be quickly retracted to the pipeline side.

  The delivery plate 40 is left laid, used again when the excavator body 20 is returned to the excavation position, and removed after the excavator body 20 is returned to the excavation position. In order to improve convenience when returning the excavator body 20 to the excavation position again, the transfer plate 40 is provided with a wheel guide 41 (see FIG. 7).

  The wheel guide 41 serves as an index function that guides the traveling wheel 28 and regulates the traveling direction (direction approaching the face) to match the exact position of the excavator body 20 with respect to the excavator shell 10 in the circumferential direction. Fulfill. In this embodiment, the wheel guide 41 is composed of three laminated plates that overlap the inner surface of the transfer plate 40, and the traveling wheel 28 abuts against the concave surface between the laminated plates so that the width of the concave portion is tapered. The traveling of the traveling wheel 28 is restricted so as to be narrowed (see FIG. 7).

  Since the delivery plate 40 includes the wheel guide 41, the excavator body 20 can be accurately positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the excavator outer shell 10 simply by feeding the excavator body 20 into the inside of the excavator outer shell 10. The positioning of the excavator outer shell 10 and the excavator inner cylinder 21 can be fixed by simplifying the positioning operation in the circumferential direction and greatly reducing labor. It can be done immediately and workability is improved.

  Subsequently, regarding the tunnel excavator 100 configured as described above, the excavator main body 20 is separated from the excavator outer shell 10 and retracted to the start shaft A side when necessary during excavation (in the course of forming a pipe line), The operation procedure for returning to the excavation position will be described with reference to FIGS.

  9 to 18 show the process of the pipe line forming work by the tunnel excavator 100 following the process shown in FIG. FIG. 9 shows a state in which an old sheet pile Y left on the excavation path has come out while the tunnel excavator 100 excavates a tunnel and forms a pipeline. This sheet pile Y cannot be removed by the tunnel excavator 100.

  Therefore, the excavator body 20 is separated from the excavator outer shell 10 and retracted to the start shaft A side shown in FIG. In order to separate, first, the telescopic cutter pork 25b is shrunk, the hydraulic hose (not shown) connected to the hydraulic device is removed, the delivery plate 40 is laid, and the earth removing device 27 is removed (see FIG. 10).

  Next, the jack brackets 33a, 33b and the excavation direction correcting jack 34 are disconnected to remove, for example, four excavation direction correcting jacks 34, and the jack bracket 33b is fixed to the pusher ring 31 to release all the jack brackets. Remove 33b. Further, the connection between the excavator outer shell 10 and the fixing means a of the excavator inner cylinder 21 of the excavator body 20 is released (see FIG. 11).

  Next, the towing vehicle C is put into the pipeline and connected to the excavator main body 20 and pulled so as to be pulled into the pipeline (see FIG. 12). At this time, as the excavator inner cylinder 21 comes out of the excavator outer shell 10, the traveling wheel 28 is transferred to the transfer plate 40, supports the weight of the excavator main body 20, maintains the posture, and moves the excavator main body 20 into the pipeline. Can be brought in.

  Subsequently, the worker M manually digs up the old sheet pile Y left on the face, and cuts the sheet pile Y using a cutting device (not shown) (see FIG. 13). Next, the excavator main body 20 and the towing vehicle C are inserted into the pipeline from the start shaft A and connected to each other, and the excavator main body 20 is pushed by the towing vehicle C so that the traveling wheel 28 is placed on the transfer plate 40. (See FIG. 14), and the fitting of the excavator inner cylinder 21 to the excavator outer shell 10 is confirmed.

  In this case, the excavator body 20 is restricted in the direction of travel by the wheel guide 41 provided on the delivery plate 40 and gradually decreases in groove width as it is pushed in the face direction, and the circumference of the excavator outer shell 10 is reduced. The alignment of the direction is performed.

  Therefore, if the fitting of the excavator inner cylinder 21 to the excavator outer shell 10 is confirmed, the circumferential alignment has been achieved, so that the excavator body 20 is pushed by the towing vehicle C, thereby excavating. The in-machine cylinder 21 is smoothly fitted into the excavator outer shell 10, and the excavator body 20 is returned to the excavation position.

  Next, when bolt connection of the fixing means a to the excavator outer shell 10 of the excavator inner cylinder 21 is performed, rolling can be prevented. The propulsion force can be transmitted from the excavator outer shell 10 to the excavator body 20.

  Next, the jack bracket 33b is attached to the pusher ring 31, the excavation direction correcting jack 34 is connected to the jack brackets 33a and 33b, and the earth removing device 27 is attached (see FIGS. 15 and 16).

  Next, the delivery plate 40 is removed, and a hydraulic hose of the hydraulic device is connected to the excavator body 20 to extend the pair of extendable cutter spokes 25b, 25b of the extendable cutter 25 (see FIG. 17).

  Now that the installation of the excavator body 20 is completed, the tunnel 26 is dug by applying a propulsive force with the propulsion device BA shown in FIG. 8 while driving the motor 26a of the rotation driving means 26 and rotating the telescopic cutter 25. Then, the construction is continued (see FIG. 18).

  According to the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment, the excavator inner cylinder 21 is firmly supported by the inner cylinder portion 13 of the excavator outer shell 10 and excavation is performed. 10, and the traveling wheel 28 is kept in a floating state during excavation, so that the traveling wheel 28 is not destroyed by the pressure from the surroundings, and is necessary during the formation of the pipeline. When the telescopic cutter pork 25b is shrunk after the pipe is formed and the excavator body 20 is separated from the excavator shell 10 and retracted to the start shaft A side, the traveling wheels 28 can travel safely and reliably.

  Further, according to the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment, the face side portion of the portion including the traveling wheel 28 is closed by the seal wall d, so that the soil discharged by cutting the face enters the periphery of the traveling wheel 28. In addition, the traveling wheel 28 is not soiled by the soil removal. For this reason, when the excavator body 20 is separated from the excavator shell 10 and retracted to the start shaft A side, the soil does not adhere to the trace of the travel of the traveling wheel 28 on the conduit, and the conduit Keep it clean.

  Further, according to the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment, the soil can be taken in better and more efficiently than the center of the lower part of the excavator inner cylinder 21 during excavation, and the traveling wheel 28 is sandwiched between the soil take-in cylinders. Since the excavator main body 20 is separated from the excavator outer shell 10 and retracted to the start shaft A side, the traveling wheels 28 are provided with the excavator so that the excavator main body 20 does not run sideways. The main body 20 is supported and can stably travel in the pipeline, and the excavator main body 20 can pass through the pipeline without interfering with the inner surface of the pipeline.

  Further, according to the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment, when the excavating direction correcting device 30 using a jack is added to the pipe side of the excavator main body 20, the excavator outer shell 10 and the pipe line are largely separated from each other. However, just by removing the jack 34 and the like and laying the delivery plate 40, the traveling wheel 28 is run on the delivery plate 40 and transferred to the pipeline side, and the excavator body 20 is retracted to the pipeline side. be able to.

  Furthermore, according to the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment, when the excavator main body 20 is retracted to the pipeline side during excavation, the wheel provided in the transfer plate 40 is set to move to the excavation position again. Since the guide 41 guides the traveling of the traveling wheel 28, the excavator body 20 can be aligned in the circumferential direction with respect to the excavator outer shell 10 simply by feeding the excavator body 20 into the inside of the excavator outer shell 10. Thus, the labor of the alignment can be saved, and the connection and fixing between the excavator outer shell 10 and the excavator inner cylinder 21 can be performed immediately, and the workability is improved.

  If the front end of the excavator outer shell 10 and the front end of the excavator inner cylinder 21, the rear end of the excavator outer shell 10 and the rear end of the excavator inner cylinder 21 are tapered, the front-rear positioning can be performed smoothly. Is preferred.

[Embodiment 2 of the Invention]
19 to 22 show a tunnel excavator 100A according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Regarding the tunnel excavator of the second embodiment, the same components as those of the tunnel excavator of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof will be omitted, and different components will be described.

  The tunnel excavator 100A of the second embodiment includes a plurality of travel assist wheels 28A in the circumferential direction at the end of the upper half of the excavator inner cylinder 21 on the start shaft A side. It is comprised so that it may be made to contact the to-be-embedded pipe P when retracting to the pipe side. Accordingly, when the excavator body 20 is retracted into the pipe line and subsequently moved to the start shaft A, the traveling auxiliary wheel guides the upper semi-cylindrical surface of the pipe line, so that the excavator body 20 is connected to the pipe. It can travel smoothly on the road.

  FIG. 22 shows a delivery plate 40A according to the second embodiment. The delivery plate 40A is divided into a pair of left and right, and provided with wheel guides 41A at both ends of the inner surface for contacting the running wheels to guide the running direction to serve as an index function and to prevent wheel removal. . It is preferable that the wheel guide 41 </ b> A is opened in a tapered shape in the guide insertion part or the whole. Accordingly, when the excavator main body 20 is retracted into the pipeline, the traveling wheel 28 is transferred to the transfer plate 40A to support the weight of the excavator main body 20 and maintain the posture, so that the excavator main body 20 enters the pipeline. Thus, the excavator body 20 can be quickly retracted to the pipeline side.

  The tunnel excavator 100A of the second embodiment has all the operational effects of the tunnel excavator 100 of the first embodiment.

  The above-described embodiment is intended for propulsion work, but can also be applied to shield work.

  The present invention is not limited to the one embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical idea.

  In the earth pressure type excavator, mud material for injecting plastic fluidization of excavated soil is injected as needed. Further, in the muddy water type excavator, water is poured into the agitating chamber 14 using a water injection means such as a mud pipe, and the excavated earth and sand is discharged to the rear of the main body by a mud discharge means such as a mud pipe. The present invention is so configured as required.

1 is a simplified vertical side view of the entire tunnel excavator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical side view showing a place where the excavator body is retracted to the pipeline side with respect to the tunnel excavator of FIG. 1; (A) is a IIIa-IIIa arrow view in FIG. 1, (b) is a IIIb-IIIb arrow view in FIG. Sectional view taken along arrow IV-IV in FIG. Sectional drawing of the VV arrow in FIG. Sectional drawing of the VI-VI arrow in FIG. It shows the delivery plate used at the time of collection | recovery of the excavator main body of FIG. 1, (a) is a top view, (b) is an end elevation of the arrow VIIb-VIIb in (a), A simplified longitudinal side view showing an outline of pipe formation work for excavating a tunnel and forming a pipe by the tunnel excavator of FIG. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. 8 in the pipeline formation work by the tunnel excavator of FIG. 1; FIG. 9 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 10 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 11 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 12 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 15 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. FIG. 17 is a longitudinal side view showing the next step of FIG. A simplified longitudinal side view showing a place where the main body of the excavator is retracted to the pipeline side with respect to the tunnel excavator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, XIX-XIX arrow section in FIG. 19, Sectional section taken along the line XX-XX in FIG. It shows the delivery plate used at the time of collection | recovery of the excavator main body of FIG. 19, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view,

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Tunnel excavator 10 Excavator outer shell 20 Excavator body A Starting shaft A
B Propulsion device B
P Embedded pipe P
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 Excavator main body 21 Excavator inner cylinder 22 Bulkhead 24 Rotating shaft 25 Telescopic cutter 25b Telescopic cutter pork 26 Rotation drive means 27 Soil removal device 27a Soil take-in cylinder 28 Traveling wheel 30 Excavation direction correction device 34 Jack 40 Delivery plate 41 Wheel Guide 100A Tunnel excavator 28A Travel aid wheel 40A Delivery plate 41A Wheel guide

Claims (7)

An excavator inner cylinder that is smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe and a telescopic cutter spoke that can dig a tunnel substantially equal to the outer diameter of the buried pipe and can be shrunk to be smaller than the inner diameter of the buried pipe A drilling machine main body having an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the buried pipe body and accommodating the drilling machine main body and detachably fixing the inner cylinder of the drilling machine. The pipes are formed by adding the buried pipes while excavating, and when necessary during the pipe formation and after the pipe formation, the telescopic cutter pork is contracted to separate the excavator body from the excavator shell Tunnel excavator that can be evacuated to the pipeline side,
The excavator main body has the excavator inner cylinder accommodated in an inner cylinder portion of the excavator outer shell with a substantially full length and is detachably supported, and in the accommodated state, the excavator inner cylinder has a plurality of travels on a lower portion of the excavator inner cylinder A tunnel excavator characterized in that a wheel is provided in a floating state, and is configured to be able to travel on the inner surface of a pipe body when the traveling wheel is retracted to a pipe line side.   The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein a face side portion of the portion including the traveling wheel is closed. The excavator body is provided with a soil removal intake opening of a soil removal device in the outer wall of the partition wall closing the portion of the excavator inner cylinder close to the face side and the lower part of the joint surface of the inner cylinder, and The earth removal intake cylinder of the earth removal device is inclined and extends to the pipe side surrounding the opening for use,
The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the traveling wheels are provided on both sides of a soil take-up cylinder.   The excavator main body is provided with a excavation direction correcting device using a jack on the pipe line side, and when the excavator main body is retracted to the pipe line side, the jack is removed and the excavator outer shell and the pipe line are removed. The tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a transfer plate having an arcuate surface that coincides with each other so as to extend an inner surface of the pipe is configured to be detachable.   5. The tunnel excavator according to claim 4, wherein the transfer plate includes a wheel guide that guides the traveling wheel and aligns the excavator main body in a circumferential direction with respect to the excavator outer shell.   A plurality of traveling auxiliary wheels are provided in the circumferential direction at an end of the upper half of the inner cylinder of the excavator in the circumferential direction, and the traveling auxiliary wheels guide the inner surface of the pipeline when the excavator body is retracted to the pipeline side. The tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tunnel excavator is configured to do so. A tunnel excavator according to any one of claims 4 to 6 is used to excavate a tunnel in the ground and propel an embedded pipe body added to the rear side of the tunnel excavator with a propulsion device to extend the pipeline. In tunnel excavation method,
During tunnel excavation, the traveling wheel provided in the tunnel excavator is lifted from the excavation surface and the face side of the traveling wheel is concealed to perform excavation,
When retracting the excavator main body during excavation, the telescopic cutter pork of the telescopic cutter is reduced and the excavator main body is separated from the excavator outer shell, and the transfer plate is installed on the transfer plate. Traveling the traveling wheel, the excavator body is put into the pipeline, and further retracted from the pipeline,
Thereafter, the excavator body is again put in the pipe, and the running wheel travels on the pipe and the transfer plate, and the excavator inner cylinder is fitted and connected to the excavator shell, and the transfer is performed. Remove the plate, reconnect the earthing device, and the other disconnected parts, extend a pair of telescopic cutter spokes of the telescopic cutter,
Then, the tunnel excavation method is characterized by continuing the excavation of the tunnel with the tunnel excavator.

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