JP2008249276A - Heat pump unit and hot water supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize a temperature of hot water supplied to a heat exchanger. <P>SOLUTION: A heat pump unit 1 supplies water as hot water by heating a heat medium by absorption type heat pumps 3, 3 and transferring heat from the heat medium to the water by the heat exchanger 13. The heat pump unit 1 is provided with a water communication line 4 disposed so as to penetrate through the heat exchanger 13 and passing the water therethrough, and a heat medium communication line 5 disposed so as to circulate between the absorption type heat pumps 3, 3 and the heat exchanger 13 and passing the heat medium therethrough. A tank 18 storing the heat medium is disposed on the heat medium communication line 5 at a location downstream of the absorption type heat pumps 3, 3 and upstream of the heat exchanger 13. Accordingly, storing the heat medium in the tank 18 reduces a sharp temperature change of the heat medium input to the heat exchanger 13, thereby leveling an amount of the heat transferred from the heat medium to the water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump unit and a hot water supply system using an adsorption heat pump.

As a conventional heat pump unit, one that supplies water as hot water by heating a heat medium with an adsorption heat pump and transferring heat from the heat medium to water with a heat exchanger is known (for example, Patent Document 1). reference). In such a heat pump unit, it occurs when the heat medium is heated by the condensation heat generated when the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent condenses, and when the evaporated refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent. The adsorption heat pump is operated so that the evaporation-adsorption operation in which the heat medium is heated by the adsorption heat is alternately switched, thereby supplying hot water having a relatively high temperature.
JP 2006-125713 A

  By the way, in the heat pump unit as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, immediately after the switching A between the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation, the amount of heat of condensation and adsorption heat generated by the adsorption heat pump. Will temporarily increase. Therefore, immediately after the switching A, the temperature T1 of the heat medium temporarily rises, and as a result, the temperature T2 of the supplied hot water may also rise rapidly.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the heat pump unit and hot water supply system which can stabilize the temperature of the hot water supplied.

  In order to solve the above problems, a heat pump unit according to the present invention heats a first heat medium with an adsorption heat pump and transfers heat from the first heat medium to water with a first heat exchanger, thereby supplying water. A heat pump unit for supplying hot water, which is provided so as to pass through the first heat exchanger, and is provided so as to circulate between a water circulation line through which water flows, and an adsorption heat pump and the first heat exchanger. And a heat medium distribution line through which the first heat medium flows, wherein a tank for storing the first heat medium is disposed downstream of the adsorption heat pump and upstream of the first heat exchanger in the heat medium distribution line. It is provided.

  In this heat pump unit, a tank for storing the first heat medium is provided on the downstream side of the adsorption heat pump and the upstream side of the first heat exchanger in the heat medium distribution line. Therefore, by storing the first heat medium in this tank, it is possible to mitigate rapid temperature fluctuations of the first heat medium input to the first heat exchanger. Therefore, even when the amount of heat generated by the adsorption heat pump immediately after the switching between the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation is temporarily increased, the amount of heat transferred from the first heat medium to the water is leveled. Therefore, water can be always heated with a substantially constant heating amount. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the temperature of the supplied hot water. “Water” refers to water containing any temperature such as low-temperature water or high-temperature water. “Hot water” refers to water whose temperature has become higher than “water” due to heat being transferred to “water”. Say.

  Here, it is preferable to distribute the water distribution line without retaining water. In this case, since the required amount of water is instantaneously heated and supplied in order to obtain the required amount of hot water (so-called instantaneous hot water supply), the above-described effect of stabilizing the temperature of the supplied hot water is particularly remarkable.

  In the adsorption heat pump, the capacity of the tank is changed from switching between the desorption-condensation operation in which the first heat medium is heated by condensation heat and the evaporation-adsorption operation in which the first heat medium is heated by adsorption heat to the next switching. It is preferable that it is 1/7 or more of the flow rate of the first heat medium circulating during the period. In this case, by storing the first heat medium in the tank, the rapid temperature fluctuation of the first heat medium input to the first heat exchanger is preferably mitigated, and thus moved to water by the first heat exchanger. The amount of heat generated can be suitably leveled. Further, the larger the tank capacity, the higher the temperature leveling effect.

  A hot water supply system according to the present invention is a water heater system including the heat pump unit, and is provided on the downstream side of the first heat exchanger in the water distribution line with a heater for heating the second heat medium, A second heat exchanger that moves the heat of the second heat medium to water, and the adsorption heat pump uses the second heat medium as a heat source for the desorption-condensation operation.

  In this hot water supply system, water is heated by the heat pump unit that uses the second heat medium heated by the heater as a heat source in the desorption-condensation operation, and the heated water is further heated by the second heat medium. Therefore, the above-described effect of stabilizing the temperature of the hot water is exhibited and high-temperature hot water can be supplied with high efficiency.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the temperature of the supplied hot water.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a hot water supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the hot water supply system 50 includes a heat pump unit 1 and a boiler 2, and after preheating the supplied water with the heat pump unit 1, the boiler 2 is further heated (cooked) to the required temperature. Thus, it is a hybrid hot water supply system that supplies water as hot water. “Water” refers to water containing any temperature such as low-temperature water, warm water in water, and high-temperature water. “Hot water” has a higher temperature than “water” because heat is transferred to “water”. The thing that became. The same applies to the following description.

  The heat pump unit 1 includes a water circulation line 4 </ b> A, a heat medium circulation line 5, a pair of adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3, and a heat exchanger (first heat exchanger) 13. The heat pump unit 1 heats a heat medium (first heat medium: for example, water) by the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3, and moves heat from the heat medium to water by the heat exchanger 13. Here, the heat pump unit 1 has a maximum output of 16 kW, and supplies water supplied by the water feeder 16 to the boiler 2 as medium-temperature water (hot water) around 20 ° C.

  The water circulation line 4 </ b> A is provided so as to pass through the heat exchanger 13. The water circulation line 4A circulates the supplied water in the direction of arrow A without stopping the water, and supplies medium-temperature water to the boiler 2. The heat medium distribution line 5 is provided so as to pass through the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 and the heat exchanger 13 and circulate between them. The heat medium distribution line 5 distributes the heat medium in the direction of arrow B by the pump 6. Further, the heat medium distribution line 5 is provided with a tank 18 for storing the heat medium.

  The adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 each have a vacuum vessel 31 whose inside is kept in a vacuum. Inside the vacuum vessel 31, a heat exchanger 34 having an adsorbent 32 such as silica gel is disposed at the top, A heat exchanger 35 installed so as to be immersed in a refrigerant 33 such as water is provided in the lower part. The adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 condense the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent to generate heat of condensation, desorption-condensation operation in which the heat medium is heated by this condensation heat, and adsorb the evaporated refrigerant to absorb heat. And an evaporation-adsorption operation in which the heat medium is heated with this heat of adsorption. These adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 are configured to perform different operations. Specifically, when one of them is an adsorption heat pump 3A during the desorption-condensation operation, the other is evaporated. -It is set as the adsorption heat pump 3B at the time of adsorption operation.

  The adsorption heat pump 3A at the time of desorption-condensation operation has a boiler water (second heat medium) M1 heated by a burner (heater) 15 at a high temperature heat source distribution line 7 (details will be described later). It is connected to be sent to the heat exchanger 34 through. Heat can move between the adsorbent 32 installed around the heat exchanger 34 and the boiler water M1 through the heat exchanger 34. That is, during the desorption-condensation operation, the boiler water M1 can be a heat source for supplying heat to the adsorption heat pump 3A.

  On the other hand, the heat medium flow line 5 is connected to the heat exchanger 35 below the inside of the adsorption heat pump 3A. A refrigerant 33 is filled around the heat exchanger 35, and heat can move between the heat medium flowing in the heat medium flow line 5 and the refrigerant 33.

  Thus, in the adsorption heat pump 3A, heat is transferred from the boiler water M1 to the adsorbent 32 in the heat exchanger 34, and the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent 32 is desorbed, and the desorbed refrigerant is transferred to the lower part of the heat pump 3A. The refrigerant 33 comes into contact with the refrigerant 33 and condenses to generate condensation heat, and the heat medium in the heat medium distribution line 5 is heated by the condensation heat.

  In the adsorption heat pump 3B during the evaporation-adsorption operation, the heat medium flow line 5 is connected to the heat exchanger 34 above the adsorption heat pump 3B. Heat can be transferred between the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow line 5 and the adsorbent 32 installed around the heat exchanger 34.

  On the other hand, the heat exchanger 35 and the low-temperature heat source line 9 are connected below the inside of the adsorption heat pump 3B. The low-temperature heat source distribution line 9 is provided so as to pass through the air heat exchanger 11 and distributes a low-temperature heat medium such as water so as to be circulated in the direction of arrow C by the pump 10. Then, the air heat exchanger 11 and the fan 12 move the heat in the atmosphere to the low-temperature heat medium (external air heat absorption), and the low-temperature heat medium is heated. A refrigerant 33 is filled around the heat exchanger 35, and heat can move between the heat medium flowing in the heat medium flow line 5 and the refrigerant 33. That is, during the evaporation-adsorption operation, heat in the atmosphere can be a heat source supplied to the adsorption heat pump 3B.

  Thereby, in the adsorption heat pump 3B, the heat of the atmosphere is transferred to the refrigerant 33 in the heat exchanger 35 to evaporate the refrigerant 33, and the evaporated refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent 32 to generate adsorption heat. The heat medium in the heat medium distribution line 5 is heated by this adsorption heat. Since the low temperature heat medium gives heat to the refrigerant 33 by the heat exchanger 35, the temperature is lowered to room temperature or lower, but is heated to near room temperature by the air heat exchanger 11 and the fan 12, and functions again as a heat source in the heat pump 3B. can do.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, in the adsorption heat pump 3, the flow path of the heat source distribution lines 7 and 9 and the heat medium distribution line 5 is alternately switched for a predetermined time by an electromagnetic valve (not shown). Desorption-condensation operation and evaporation-adsorption operation are alternately switched over in a predetermined time. That is, a pair of adsorption heat pumps 3A and 3B (see FIG. 1) having different operating states are interchanged with each other in a predetermined time to become adsorption heat pumps 3B and 3A (see FIG. 2), and then are interchanged again in a predetermined time. Returning to the adsorption heat pumps 3A and 3B (see FIG. 1), this is sequentially repeated. 1 and 2, the heat medium is heated by first obtaining heat in the adsorption heat pump 3A and then obtaining heat in the adsorption heat pump 3B. Thus, the heat medium can be continuously heated by efficiently using heat in the atmosphere.

  The heat exchanger 13 is, for example, a plate-type heat exchanger, and moves heat between the heat medium and water flowing through the water distribution line 4A and the heat medium distribution line 5 that have passed through the heat exchanger 13 and water, respectively. .

  The boiler 2 includes a water distribution line 4B, a boiler tank 14, and a burner 15. This boiler 2 heats the boiler water M1 in the boiler tank 14 with the burner 15, and moves heat from this boiler water M1 to water. Here, the boiler 2 has a maximum output of 100 kW, and supplies (hot water) the medium-temperature water supplied from the heat pump unit 1 to the outside as high-temperature water (hot water) around 55 ° C.

  The water distribution line 4B is provided to be continuous with the water distribution line 4A and to pass through a heat exchange section (second heat exchanger) 24 described later. This water distribution line 4B distributes the hot water supplied from the water distribution line 4A of the heat pump unit 1 in the direction of the arrow D without stopping, and supplies high-temperature water to the outside.

  The boiler tank 14 includes a tank body 23, a heat exchange unit 24, and a boiler water circulation unit 25. The tank body 23 stores boiler water. The heat exchange part 24 is provided so that the inside is filled with the boiler water M1 and the water circulation line 4B is passed. The heat exchange unit 24 moves the heat of the boiler water M1 to the hot water supplied from the heat pump unit 1 and flowing through the water distribution line 4B. That is, the heat exchange unit 24 is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 13 in the water distribution line 4. The boiler water circulation part 25 is provided so as to circulate between the tank body 23 and the heat exchange part 24, and causes the boiler water M <b> 1 in the tank body 23 to flow in the direction of arrow E by the pump 26.

  A high-temperature heat source distribution line 7 is connected to the boiler water distribution unit 25. The high-temperature heat source distribution line 7 is provided so as to pass through the adsorption heat pump 3A during the desorption-condensation operation, and distributes the boiler water M1 in the direction of arrow F. That is, the high-temperature heat source distribution line 7 supplies the boiler water M1 to the adsorption heat pump 3A so that the boiler water M1 is used as a heat source during the desorption-condensation operation of the adsorption heat pump 3A.

  The burner 15 is attached to the boiler tank 14 and heats the boiler water M1 in the boiler tank 14. As the fuel for the burner 15, for example, liquid fuel such as kerosene and A heavy oil, or gas fuel such as city gas and LPG is used. The burner 15 is connected with a control means 17. The control unit 17 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and controls the operation of the burner 15 by executing software held in the ROM by the CPU.

  Here, in the hot water supply system 50, as described above, the tank 18 is provided in the heat medium distribution line 5 of the heat pump unit 1. Specifically, the tank 18 is provided downstream of the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 and upstream of the heat exchanger 13 in the heat medium distribution line 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the tank 18 causes the heat medium M2 flowing in from the inflow port 18A to flow out from the outflow port 18C while accumulating in the storage unit 18B.

  Further, the capacity of the tank 18 is the amount of the heat medium circulating in the heat medium distribution line 5 between the time when the desorption-condensing operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation of the adsorption heat pump 3 are switched to the next switching. It is more than the flow rate (1/7 or more of the flow rate). Here, the capacity of the tank is 18 liters.

  Next, the operation of the hot water supply system 50 described will be described. First, water is supplied to the heat pump unit 1 through the water distribution line 4, heat is transferred from the heat medium heated by the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 to the water in the heat exchanger 13, and the medium temperature water is obtained. Is supplied to the boiler 2 by the water distribution line 4. Subsequently, heat is transferred from the boiler water M1 heated by the burner 15 in the heat exchanging unit 24 to the medium-temperature water to become high-temperature water, and this high-temperature water is supplied from the downstream side of the water distribution line 4 to the outside. The

  Here, in the heat pump unit 1, as described above, the heat medium is heated by the two adsorption heat pumps 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B having different operating states, and the heat pump unit 1 is operated so as to be switched alternately by a solenoid valve at a predetermined time. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional water supply system, immediately after the switching A between the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation, the condensation heat generated by the adsorption heat pump 3A and the adsorption heat pump 3B are generated. The amount of heat of adsorption heat temporarily increases, and immediately after switching A, the temperature T1 of the heat medium increases temporarily. As a result, the temperature T2 of the medium temperature water supplied by the heat pump unit 1 may temporarily increase rapidly, and the temperature T4 of the high temperature water supplied by the boiler 2 may increase temporarily.

  Therefore, in the heat pump unit 1 of the hot water supply system 50, as described above, the tank 18 for storing the heat medium is provided downstream of the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 and upstream of the heat exchanger 13 in the heat medium distribution line 5. Since it is provided, the heat medium is stored in the tank 18 and the rapid temperature fluctuation of the heat medium input to the heat exchanger 13 is alleviated. Therefore, even if the amount of heat generated by the adsorption heat pumps 3 and 3 immediately increases immediately after switching between the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation, the amount of heat transferred from the heat medium to water is reduced. It is possible to level the water, and it is possible to always heat the water with a substantially constant heating amount. Therefore, it is possible to absorb temperature fluctuations of the supplied hot water temperatures T2 and T4 and stabilize the temperatures T2 and T4.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the temperature of water in the hot water supply system 50. In the figure, T1 is the temperature of the heat medium, T2 is the temperature of the medium-temperature water supplied by the heat pump unit 1, T3 is the temperature of the water supplied to the heat pump unit 1, and T4 is the temperature of the high-temperature water supplied by the boiler 2 Respectively. As shown in FIG. 4, in the hot water supply system 50, the temperature T1 of the heat medium rapidly rises immediately after the switching A, but the temperature T2 of the medium temperature water and the temperature T4 of the high temperature water are substantially constant values. Thereby, the said effect of stabilizing temperature T2, T4 of warm water was able to be confirmed.

  Further, in the hot water supply system 50, as described above, the water circulation line 4 circulates without stopping water, whereby the necessary amount of water is instantaneously heated and supplied in order to obtain the necessary amount of hot water. (So-called instant hot water supply). For this reason, the above-described effect of stabilizing the temperatures T2 and T4 of the supplied hot water is particularly remarkable.

  Further, in the heat pump unit 1 of the hot water supply system 50, as described above, the capacity of the tank 18 is changed from the switching time A (see FIG. 4) between the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation to the next switching time A. Since the flow rate is higher than the flow rate of the heat medium circulating between them (1/7 or more of the flow rate), storing the heat medium in the tank 18 causes a rapid temperature fluctuation of the heat medium input to the heat exchanger 13. Therefore, the amount of heat transferred to water in the heat exchanger 13 can be suitably leveled. Further, the larger the capacity of the tank 18, the higher the temperature leveling effect.

  In the hot water supply system 50, as described above, since the boiler water M1 heated by the burner 15 is used as a heat source of the adsorption heat pump 3A during the desorption-condensation operation, high-temperature hot water can be supplied with high efficiency. It becomes possible.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the heat medium is first heated by the adsorption heat pump 3A and then heated by the adsorption heat pump 3B. On the contrary, first, the heat medium is obtained by the adsorption heat pump 3B. After that, it may be a flow path of a heat medium distribution line that is heated by obtaining heat with the adsorption heat pump 3A.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat | fever in air | atmosphere was utilized using the air heat exchanger 11 and the fan 12, you may utilize other natural energy, such as geothermal.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although boiler water M1 was utilized as a high temperature heat source, you may utilize unused high temperature exhaust gas and waste_water | drain.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat pump unit 1 was combined with the boiler 2 and used as the hot water supply system 50, you may use it by a heat pump unit single-piece | unit. In this case, the heat pump unit can be employed for floor heating or road heating, for example.

It is a schematic structure figure of a hot-water supply system concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram after the desorption-condensation operation and the evaporation-adsorption operation of the adsorption heat pump are switched in the hot water supply system shown in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the tank of the hot water supply system shown in FIG. It is a diagram which shows the temperature of the water in the hot water supply system shown in FIG. It is a diagram which shows the temperature of the water in the conventional hot water supply system.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heat pump unit, 3, 3A, 3B ... Adsorption-type heat pump, 4, 4A, 4B ... Water distribution line, 5 ... Heat-medium distribution line, 13 ... Heat exchanger (1st heat exchanger), 15 ... Burner (heating) ), 18 ... tank, 24 ... heat exchanger (second heat exchanger), 50 ... hot water supply system, M1 ... boiler water (second heat medium), M2 ... heat medium (first heat medium).

Claims (4)

A heat pump unit that heats the first heat medium with an adsorption heat pump and moves the heat from the first heat medium to water with a first heat exchanger, thereby supplying the water as hot water,
A water distribution line provided to pass through the first heat exchanger and through which the water flows;
A heat medium circulation line that is provided so as to circulate between the adsorption heat pump and the first heat exchanger, and through which the first heat medium circulates,
A heat pump unit, wherein a tank for storing the first heat medium is provided downstream of the adsorption heat pump and upstream of the first heat exchanger in the heat medium distribution line.   The heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein the water circulation line allows the water to flow without being stopped.   The capacity of the tank is determined after switching between a desorption-condensation operation in which the first heat medium is heated by condensation heat and an evaporation-adsorption operation in which the first heat medium is heated by adsorption heat in the adsorption heat pump. 3. The heat pump unit according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump unit is 1/7 or more of a flow rate of the first heat medium that circulates until it is switched to. A hot water supply system comprising the heat pump unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A heater for heating the second heat medium;
A second heat exchanger that is provided on the downstream side of the first heat exchanger in the water distribution line and moves the heat of the second heat medium to the water,
In the adsorption heat pump, the hot water supply system is characterized in that the second heat medium is used as a heat source during a desorption-condensation operation in which the first heat medium is heated by condensation heat.

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