JP2008245454A - Power supply method and system for coping at disaster - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce costs for the installation and maintenance of equipment necessary for supplying power by making use of natural energy power sources and portable power supplies to stably supply power to the variable loads of emergency facilities, or the like, in disaster situations. <P>SOLUTION: In normal situations, power is supplied, by associating a natural energy power source 12 installed in a disaster prevention base 2 with an electric power system 4. At a disaster, premise wiring 10 is isolated from the electric power system 4 and a common load 14 and connected to a load 15 for disasters and portable power regulation equipment 6, as shown in disaster prevention bases A to C. A supervision and control system 30 in the power regulation equipment 6 measures the outputs of a critical load 13, the load 15 for disasters and the natural energy power source 12 generates a control command to the storage battery 31 of the power regulation equipment 6 and an engine generator 32, of which the output can be controlled, in matching with the fluctuations in the outputs. This enables the loads and electric power generation to be balanced, thereby maintaining power qualities, such as voltage and frequency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply method and system to a disaster prevention base at the time of a disaster.

  Located in the east of the Eurasian Continent, Japan is prone to natural disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes, where plates are complicated. In particular, in the case of a large earthquake, it is estimated that the lifeline is completely stopped and the recovery is relatively quick, and it takes about 1 to 2 weeks for the recovery in the electricity supply. Therefore, how to supply lifelines such as electricity in the event of a major earthquake is an important issue.

  In order to supply power to a shelter or the like in a state where the power system is divided, it is conceivable to use a distributed power source having a relatively small capacity. In general, it is conceivable to use an emergency engine generator using light oil or the like as fuel.

  It is also possible to use a natural energy power source such as solar power generation or wind power generation as a distributed power source. Patent Document 1 discloses a method of supplying power to a load by controlling charging / discharging of a natural energy power source or a storage battery.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, in a distributed power supply facility linked to an external system, a controller that performs two-way communication between external system information and customer information is used to stably stabilize the distributed power source from a distributed power source even in the event of an external system failure. A method of delivery is disclosed.

JP 2006-230161 A JP 2003-319560 A

  As a distributed power source for supplying power to evacuation shelters in the event of a disaster, emergency engine generators have various rated outputs that match the load capacity, and are liquid fuels that are relatively unaffected by large earthquakes. There is an advantage that can be operated in. However, it is difficult to follow when the load changes greatly, and there is a concern that frequent refueling is necessary when driving for about one to two weeks.

  When a natural energy power source such as solar power generation or wind power generation is used, it is not necessary to supply fuel. However, a means for balancing the load and the amount of power generation is required, which is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Thus, a storage battery is used. However, considering that the electric power generated during the daytime is stored in the storage battery and used at night, a huge storage battery capacity is required. Furthermore, for example, in the case of solar power generation, when rain or cloudiness continues, the power generation amount itself may be insufficient.

  On the other hand, by combining an emergency engine generator, a natural energy power source, and a storage battery, and controlling the external system and customer information shown in Patent Document 2 using a bidirectional controller, power can be supplied to an important load. Is assumed to be supplied. However, during normal times, emergency engine generators and storage batteries are unnecessary, and there is very little possibility that they will be generated, so that a large economic burden is imposed to install and maintain equipment.

  The purpose of the present invention is to contribute to environmentally friendly energy supply by using a natural energy power source during normal times, and to reduce the installation and maintenance costs necessary for power supply in the event of a disaster. It is to provide a method and a system capable of stably supplying power to a fluctuating load such as an evacuation site in a state where the fuel used is suppressed.

  The method of the present invention is a disaster response power supply method for supplying power to a disaster prevention base such as a refuge at the time of a disaster. In normal times, a natural energy power source provided at the disaster prevention base is linked to a power system and includes an important load. Supply power to the load, and in the event of a disaster, the connection unit disconnects the disaster prevention base's premises system from the power system, connects the disaster system's load and portable power conditioning equipment to the premises system, and monitors the power conditioning equipment The control system measures the load at the time of disaster and the important load and the output of the natural energy power source, generates a control command to the portable power source in the power adjustment facility according to the fluctuations, and balances the load and power generation. It is characterized by maintaining power such as voltage and frequency.

  The portable power source has a storage battery and a generator (engine generator, fuel cell, etc.) capable of output control, and the monitoring control system generates a control command to the generator when power is insufficient. It is characterized by balancing the load and power generation.

  The system of the present invention is a disaster response power supply system that supplies power to disaster prevention bases such as evacuation shelters in the event of a disaster, connecting a natural energy power source and a load to the premises system of the disaster prevention base, and connecting to an external power system in normal times On the other hand, in the event of a disaster, the connecting part for connecting the on-site system and the portable power conditioning equipment, the power conditioning equipment comprises a supervisory control system and a portable power source, and the supervisory control system outputs the load and the output of the natural energy power source. It has a function of measuring, generating a control command to the portable power source in accordance with the fluctuation, balancing the load and power generation, and maintaining power such as voltage and frequency.

  According to the present invention, a natural energy power source is provided at a disaster prevention base during normal times, and in the event of a disaster, the on-site system of the disaster prevention base is disconnected from the power system, and the disaster load and portable power adjustment equipment are connected to the on-site system. The supervisory control system in the power conditioning equipment measures each load and the natural energy power output, and generates a control command for the storage battery of the power conditioning equipment and a generator capable of output control in accordance with the fluctuations. Since power generation is balanced, power quality such as voltage and frequency can be maintained.

  Moreover, at the time of a disaster, electric power can be stably supplied with respect to the load which fluctuates in a disaster prevention base. When there is a large amount of power supplied by a natural energy power source, it is possible to greatly suppress the fuel consumption for the power source necessary for the operation of the generator capable of output control. Even when the power supply by the natural energy power supply is small due to the weather, the power supply reliability can be ensured by using the generator capable of controlling the output. Moreover, it is not necessary to arrange portable power adjustment equipment in all of the many disaster prevention bases, and the equipment cost can be suppressed. Furthermore, during normal times, which occupies most of the power, it is possible to contribute to CO2 emission reduction as a whole society by supplying power from a natural energy power source in a manner linked to the power system.

  Install a natural energy power source at the disaster prevention base that supplies power during a disaster. In the event of a disaster, the on-site system of the disaster prevention base is disconnected from the external system, and the general load is also disconnected. In addition to connecting the load required at the time of the disaster to the on-site system and connecting the portable power adjustment equipment that has moved from the facility base to the disaster prevention base to the on-site system, stable power supply that follows the load at the time of the disaster can be provided. realizable.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a disaster response power supply facility. A command is sent from the command center 1 to each disaster prevention base 2 via the disaster prevention base communication means 7 and to the equipment base 3 via the equipment base contact communication means 8. Information on the disaster prevention base 2 and the equipment base 3 is displayed on the monitoring panel 9 in the command center 1. At least a part of the communication means 7 for disaster prevention base communication and the communication means 8 for equipment base contact may be wireless communication.

  The disaster prevention base 2 at normal times is configured as a disaster prevention base D in FIG. A natural energy power source 12, an important load 13, and a general load 14 are connected to the local distribution line 10, and the local distribution line 10 is connected to the distribution line 4.

  The natural energy power source 12 is solar power generation, wind power generation, small hydropower generation, or the like. These power supplies have the advantage that no fuel is required, but there is a problem in that output fluctuations are large and power generation is rarely performed.

  The important load 13 is a communication device or lighting for ensuring safety. The general load 14 includes air conditioning equipment, video / electronic equipment, power equipment and the like in addition to normal lighting.

  On the other hand, at the time of a disaster, as shown in the disaster prevention bases A to C, the on-site distribution line 10 is disconnected from the distribution line 4 and the general load 14 is also disconnected from the on-site distribution line 10. In addition to the natural energy power source 12 and the important load 13 that are always connected, the portable power conditioning facility 6 and the disaster load 15 are connected to the on-site distribution line 10. The local communication line 11 is connected to the public line 5.

  The portable power adjustment equipment 6 is carried into the disaster prevention base 2 from the equipment base 3. In the example of FIG. 1, the portable power conditioning equipment 6 at the disaster prevention bases A and B is transported from the equipment base A, and the portable power regulation equipment 6 at the disaster prevention base C is transported from the equipment base B. If the portable power conditioning equipment 6 cannot be transported by land, it can be transported by air. Whether the portable power adjustment facility 6 is transported from which facility base to which disaster prevention base is performed based on a command from the command center 1.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the portable power adjustment facility. The portable power adjustment facility 6 includes a high-speed control unit 21, an auxiliary power supply unit 22, and a connection unit 23. The high-speed control unit 21 includes a monitoring control system 30, a storage battery 31, an adjustment facility power line 24, and an adjustment facility communication line 25. The supervisory control system 30 acquires power information of the local distribution line 10 and transmits an optimal target value or output command to the storage battery 31 and the engine generator 32.

  The auxiliary power supply unit 22 includes an engine generator 32, a fuel tank 33, a pipe 26, an adjustment facility power line 24, an adjustment facility communication line 25, and a connection portion 23. A generator capable of output control such as a fuel cell may be used instead of the engine generator.

  In the connection part 23, the power line 24 in the adjustment installation of each unit, or the power line 24 in the adjustment installation and the premise distribution line 10 are connected. Similarly, the communication line 25 in the adjustment facility of each unit or the communication line 25 in the adjustment facility and the local communication line 11 are connected.

  The high-speed control unit 21 and the auxiliary power supply unit 22 can be divided and transported. The fuel tank 33 is filled with fuel such as light oil. When the engine generator 32 of the auxiliary power source is operated for a long time due to the weather or the like, it is necessary to supply fuel.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of communication equipment necessary for adjustment. The natural energy power supply 12, the important load 13, and the disaster load 15 are provided with a monitoring terminal 35 that measures electric power and voltage and transmits them to the monitoring control system 30. In addition, the storage battery 31 and the engine generator 32 are provided with a monitoring control terminal 36 that measures electric power, voltage, and the like and transmits the measured electric power and voltage to the monitoring control system 30 and receives a command value from the system.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the monitoring control system. The monitoring control system 30 includes a display device 51, a communication device 52, an arithmetic device 53, an input device 55, and a database 200. The display device 51 displays a load, an operating state of the power generation device, an alarm, and the like. The display screen can be monitored by a personal computer (not shown) connected to the on-site communication in the disaster prevention base. The computing device 53 predicts the pattern of the important load 13, the disaster load 15, and the power generation pattern of the natural energy power supply 12 from the collected power information, and the command value (output voltage, frequency in the target on-site distribution line) of the storage battery 31. ), And sends the engine generator command values (voltage, output power). The input device is used when an operator performs input. The database collects data used for load prediction and power generation pattern prediction, and stores the operating status of each device, maintenance information, and the like.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing processing functions in the supervisory control system. The processing of the monitoring control system 30 is performed by the input function 110, the control monitoring function 120, the database 200, the operation scheduling function 300, the supply and demand control function 400, and the output function 130.

  The input function 110 is a function that receives measurement values in the load and the power generation facility. The monitoring control function 120 is a function for monitoring the soundness of a computer, saving data in the event of an abnormality, storing measured values in a database, and the like. The operation scheduling function 300 includes a load prediction 310, a natural energy power generation prediction 320, and an optimal power generation plan 330, and is a function for passing the result to the supply and demand control function 400. The supply and demand control function 400 reviews the power generation plan using a measurement value in real time at a constant time period (for example, 3 minutes), and generates a command value for the storage battery 31 and the engine generator 32. The command value is transmitted to the monitoring control terminal 36 provided in the storage battery 31 and the engine generator 32 by the output function 130.

  FIG. 6 shows main data stored in the monitoring control database. The data for the operation plan includes weather information (forecast values, measured values), equipment operation constraints, load prediction values, power generation (natural energy power supply) prediction values, operation plan values, fuel reserve plan values, and maintenance plans. . The actual operation data includes the actual weather value, actual load value, actual power generation value of natural energy power supply, actual power generation value of other power sources, actual operation value of storage battery, actual equipment status, fuel reserve, actual power quality value, and maintenance. Includes achievements. In recent years, certain power quality is required even in disaster prevention bases by using personal computers.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart of processing in the operation scheduling function. The operation scheduling process is started once a day at a predetermined time and formulates an operation plan for the next day. Next day weather information is acquired (501), and related performance data is acquired (502). Based on the acquired data, the next day power generation prediction (503) and the next day load prediction (504) of the natural energy power source are performed. Further, acquisition of facility operation restrictions on the next day (505) and acquisition of fuel reserve in the fuel tank (506) are performed.

  The next day optimum operation plan is created so that the remaining amount in the storage battery is in a predetermined range and the fuel consumption is minimized (507). The operation plan is for planning the charge / discharge output of the storage battery and the engine generator output in units of 30 minutes. The validity of the planned operation plan is checked (508). If there is a problem with the operation plan, an error message is displayed on the monitoring screen. It is determined whether or not the fuel is insufficient (509). If the fuel is insufficient, a request for adding fuel (510) is made. Further, the next day operation plan is registered in the database (511), and the operation scheduling ends.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart of processing in the supply and demand control function. Supply and demand control is performed continuously. Since the operation plan is created every day, it is determined whether the target day has changed (601), and if it has changed, the operation plan for that day is acquired (602). Since the control is performed at a constant time interval, it is determined whether or not the time is the control timing (603), and if it is not the control timing, the control waits for a predetermined time (604). When the time is the control timing, measurement data such as the generated power of each power source, the charge / discharge power / remaining power of the storage battery, and the load power is acquired (605). The presence / absence of abnormality of each equipment state is acquired (606). Based on the above information, the operation plan is modified to create a command value (607).

  In the correction, priority is given to supply reliability. In power supply, it is essential to ensure power quality, that is, to keep the voltage and frequency constant, but in order to achieve this, it is necessary to match the total generated power and the total power consumption in the load. This becomes possible by controlling the charge / discharge power of the storage battery, but it is necessary to maintain the remaining storage battery level within the upper and lower limits throughout the control period. For example, the measurement data is evaluated, and when the remaining amount of the storage battery is lower than the planned value, a command value that increases the output of the power supply for adjustment is created to ensure the reliability of power supply.

  Next, the validity of the created command value is checked (608). If there is a problem with the command value, an error message is displayed on the monitoring screen and the previous value is given as the command value. A command value is transmitted to the corresponding equipment (609). It is determined whether or not an end input has been made (610). If there is no input, the above processing is repeated.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a monitoring screen of the monitoring control system. For the load, the measured value (702) of the current time of the total load power (701) and the predicted value (703) of the next time to be controlled are displayed. As for the natural energy power source, for each installed power generation facility (704), the generated power at the current time (705) and the predicted generated power at the time to be the next control target (706) are displayed. For power storage, the charging / discharging power (708) of the storage battery (707) at the current time, the target command value (709) of the time to be the next control target, the remaining battery level (710) at the current time, the additional storage capacity ( 711) is displayed. For the auxiliary power supply, the generated power (713) at the current time of the engine generator (712) and the power generation command value (714) at the next time to be controlled are displayed. Further, for the fuel, the stock amount (715) at the current time and the fuel replenishment request amount (716) are displayed together with the essential period. A trend graph (717) is displayed for the generated power. For power quality, a voltage trend graph (718) and a frequency trend graph (719) are displayed. In addition, a message field (720) for displaying a processing state, an alarm, and the like is provided.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the operation when the supervisory control system is applied. The power sources that are the targets of the monitoring control system are natural energy power sources (wind generators in this example), storage batteries, and engine generators. The graph shows the daily changes in load, natural energy power output, and engine generator output. The storage battery shows the same steep fluctuation as the natural energy power supply output, but is not shown in the graph for easy viewing.

  In addition to a slightly higher load in the morning, the load increases from evening to night. In this example, the engine generator operates in the morning when there is little power generated by the natural energy power source. It can be seen that the operation time and power generation output of the engine that requires fuel are suppressed by using the natural energy power source.

  In the present invention, power supply at the time of disaster has been described, but it is possible to balance power generation and load by using a natural energy power source and adding a portable power adjustment facility. It can also be applied to power supply to electrified areas. In particular, it becomes possible to construct and operate a power supply system in a relatively short period of time.

The whole block diagram of the power supply equipment corresponding to a disaster. The block diagram which shows the structure of portable power adjustment equipment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the communication equipment required for adjustment. The block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions of the monitoring control system. The block diagram which shows the processing function in a monitoring control system. The data block diagram stored in the database for monitoring control. The flowchart of the process in an operation scheduling function. The flowchart of the process in a supply-and-demand control function. Explanatory drawing of the monitoring screen of a monitoring control system. The graph which shows the example of application of a supervisory control system.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Command center, 2 ... Disaster prevention base, 3 ... Facility base, 4 ... Distribution line, 5 ... Portable power adjustment equipment, 6 ... Portable power adjustment equipment, 9 ... Monitoring center, 10 ... On-site distribution line, 11 ... On-site Communication line, 12 ... Natural energy power supply, 13 ... Important load, 14 ... General load, 15 ... Disaster load, 21 ... High-speed control unit, 22 ... Auxiliary power supply unit, 23 ... Connection part, 24 ... Power line in regulating equipment, 25 ... communication line in adjusting equipment, 30 ... monitoring control system, 31 ... storage battery, 32 ... engine generator, 33 ... fuel tank, 35 ... monitoring terminal, 36 ... monitoring control terminal, 51 ... display device, 52 ... communication device, 53 ... arithmetic processing unit, 55 ... input device, 110 ... input function, 120 ... control monitoring function, 130 ... output function, 200 ... database, 300 ... operation scheduling function, 400 ... supply-demand control function.

Claims (6)

In the disaster response power supply method of supplying power to disaster prevention bases such as evacuation shelters in the event of a disaster,
During normal times, the natural energy power source installed at the disaster prevention base is connected to the power system to supply power to loads including important loads.
In the event of a disaster, the connecting part disconnects the disaster prevention base campus system from the power system, connects the disaster system load and portable power conditioning equipment to the campus system,
The supervisory control system in the power adjustment facility measures the output of the disaster load and the important load and the natural energy power source, generates a control command to the portable power source in the power adjustment facility in accordance with the fluctuations thereof, A disaster response power supply method that balances load and power generation and maintains power such as voltage and frequency.   2. The portable power source according to claim 1, wherein the portable power source includes a storage battery and a generator capable of output control, and the monitoring control system generates a control command for the generator when power is insufficient, A disaster response power supply method characterized by balancing with In the disaster response power supply system that supplies power to disaster prevention bases such as evacuation shelters in the event of a disaster,
Connecting a natural energy power source and a load to the on-site system of the disaster prevention base, and connecting to an external power system in normal times, while connecting the on-site system and portable power conditioning equipment in the event of a disaster,
The power conditioning equipment includes a supervisory control system and a portable power source. The supervisory control system measures the output of the load and the natural energy power source, generates a control command to the portable power source according to the fluctuation, and generates the load and the power generation. A disaster response power supply system characterized by having a function of maintaining power of voltage, frequency, etc.   4. The disaster response power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the portable power source includes a storage battery and a generator capable of output control.   5. The disaster response power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the power adjustment facility has an in-facility communication line and is connected to a local communication line of a disaster prevention base to enable the measurement.   6. The disaster-responsive power supply system according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the portable power adjustment facility is arranged at a predetermined facility base so that it can be carried into the disaster prevention base at the time of a disaster. .

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