JP2008236835A - Method of magnetizing rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To magnetize almost all magnetic poles without moving a rotor in a rotary electric machine having stators as armatures on both sides of the rotor as a field magnetic element. <P>SOLUTION: In the stator 1, four combinations of magnetic cores in three phase are equally disposed in a circumferential direction so that they are disposed with deviation of 30°. In the stator 3, four combinations of magnetic cores in three phase are equally disposed in a circumferential direction, so that they are disposed with deviation of 30°. Magnetic cores U1-U4 of the stator 3 having armature winding of U-phase wound therearound are disposed with deviation of 15° from magnetic cores U5-U8 of the stator 1 having armature winding of U-phase in view of a direction along a rotary shaft. In magnetization, the magnetic cores U1-U4 and the magnetic cores V5-V8 deviated by 45° therefrom are made to be the same polarity as that of the rotor 2. Magnetic cores W1-W4 of the stator 3 each having an armature winding of W-phase are made to be the polarity different from the magnetic cores U1-U4 for the rotor 2. Magnetic cores W1-W4 and the magnetic cores U5-U8 deviated by 45° therefrom are made to be the same polarity as that of the rotor 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of magnetizing a permanent magnet material in order to obtain a rotor having permanent magnets.

  In an axial gap type rotating electric machine, a field element and an armature face each other in a direction along the rotation axis (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “rotation axis direction”). Such a configuration has the advantage that the rotating electrical machine can be made thinner, and the torque density can be improved by increasing the magnetic pole area of the field element or armature.

  Usually, in an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, a field element has a permanent magnet as a generation source of field magnetic flux. Therefore, a thrust force that is an attractive force is generated between the armature and the field element along the rotation axis direction. This thrust force cancels out, for example, by providing two field elements on opposite sides with respect to one armature, or providing two armatures on opposite sides with respect to one field element. .

  In the axial gap type rotating electric machine, it is desirable to provide two armatures for one field element. In addition to canceling out the thrust force as described above, a field element is usually used as the rotor, so wind loss can be reduced with one field element, and the field element is held on the rotating shaft. It is because it is easy to do.

  In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a rotating electric machine in which two armatures are provided for one field element is introduced. In Patent Document 1, the field element has a plurality of magnets having two magnetic pole faces having different polarities, one of the magnetic pole faces opposite to one of the armatures, and the other of the magnetic pole faces is an armature. Opposite the other. In Patent Document 2, the winding method of two or more armatures is different. Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which two armatures are provided for one field element in a radial gap type rotating electric machine.

JP 2001-136721 A JP 2006-25486 A JP 2002-369467 A

  The presence of the thrust force described above makes it difficult to combine an armature with a field element having a permanent magnet pre-magnetized. Therefore, before the permanent magnet material is magnetized, the field element and the armature are assembled, and then the armature winding of the armature is energized (hereinafter also simply referred to as “energizing the armature”). It is desirable to obtain a permanent magnet by magnetizing the permanent magnet material.

  When the concentrated winding is adopted in the rotating electric machine of Patent Document 1 described above, for example, (number of magnetic poles of field element) :( number of salient pole parts of one armature) = 2: 3 is most common. However, the number of salient poles is not divisible by the number of magnetic poles of the field element. Therefore, if a three-phase current is passed between one phase and the other two phases, the portion magnetized to the same polarity by the permanent magnet material exceeds the angle occupied by one magnetic pole. This does not satisfy the configuration required for the permanent magnet of the field element, in which the polarities are different between adjacent magnetic poles.

  It is also conceivable to make one phase open and reduce the angle of magnetization by energizing between the other two phases. However, in the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the two magnetic pole faces of the field element are opposed to the armature, so that even if there is a slight deviation due to skew, the teeth of the two armatures are parallel to the rotational axis. Opposite in direction. Therefore, even if current is applied between two phases and magnetized, it is considered that only about 2/3 of the occupied angle per one magnetic pole is magnetized. This substantially impairs the area of the magnetic pole.

  In order to widen the angle of magnetization, it is conceivable that the magnetization performed by energizing the two phases is performed twice by changing the position of the field element. However, this makes the man-hours complicated. In addition, when the armature coil generates heat due to the first magnetization, there is a disadvantage that it takes time and effort for cooling.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a rotating electric machine having a stator as an armature on both sides of a rotor as a field element, most of the magnetic poles are magnetized without moving the rotor. To do.

  The first aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is such that the first and second stators (3, 1) are opposed to the first and second stators on the rotation axis (Q), respectively, This is a method of magnetizing the permanent magnet material (202) of the rotor (2) rotating around the rotation axis. The first stator is provided with 3N first magnetic cores (302) that are equally arranged at a degree of (120 / N) degrees (N is a positive integer) in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis, and the first stator Each of the magnetic cores has a three-phase first winding (303U, 303V, 303W) in which each phase is alternately wound N times alternately in concentrated winding. The second stator is provided with 3N second magnetic cores (102) equally arranged at (120 / N) degrees in the circumferential direction, and concentrated windings on each of the second magnetic cores. Has three-phase second windings (103U, 103V, 103W) that are alternately wound N times.

  The magnetizing method includes the first magnetic core (U1 to U4) around which the first winding (303U) of the first phase is wound, and the rotation axis direction that is a direction along the rotation axis. The second magnetic cores (V5 to V8; U5 to U8) that are shifted by (180 / N) degrees from the viewpoint of the same polarity with respect to the rotor, and the first winding of the first phase is wound. The rotated first magnetic core and the first magnetic core (W1 to W4) around which the third phase of the first winding (103W) is wound have different polarities with respect to the rotor, The first magnetic core around which the first winding of the third phase is wound, and the second magnetic core (U5 to U8; W5) shifted from this by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. To W8) are applied to the first winding and the second winding with the same polarity to the rotor.

  The second aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is the first aspect, wherein the first phase winding (303V) of the second phase and the first magnetic core around which the first winding is wound. The second winding (103W; 103V) wound around the second magnetic core (W5 to W8; V5 to V8) shifted by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction (V1 to V4) And do not energize.

  A third aspect of the method for magnetizing a rotor according to the present invention is any one of the first to second aspects, wherein the rotor (2) is the first part of the permanent magnet material (202). 2N first soft magnetic bodies (203) arranged in the circumferential direction magnetically independent from each other on one side, and 2N pieces magnetically independent from each other on the second side of the permanent magnet material Second soft magnetic material (201). The first soft magnetic body and the second soft magnetic body face each other in the rotation axis direction.

  A fourth aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is the third aspect, in which the first magnetic core around which the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound ( V1 to V4) are opposed to the boundary of the first soft magnetic body (203) adjacent in the circumferential direction, and the first magnetic core around which the first winding of the second phase is wound and the rotation The second magnetic cores (W5 to W8; V5 to V8) shifted by (180 / N) degrees as viewed from the axial direction face the boundary of the second soft magnetic body (201) adjacent in the circumferential direction.

  A fifth aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is any one of the first to fourth aspects, in which the first winding (301U) of the first phase is wound. The second magnetic cores (V5 to V8) shifted from the first magnetic cores (U1 to U4) by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis are connected to the first magnetic cores (U1 to U4) as viewed from the rotor (2). The second winding (103V) of the second phase is wound in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding (303V) of two phases. The second magnetic cores (W5 to W8) shifted from the first magnetic cores (V1 to V4) around which the first winding of the second phase is wound by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. ), The third winding of the third phase (103W) is wound in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding of the third phase (303W) when viewed from the rotor. The second magnetic cores (U5 to U8) deviated from the first magnetic cores (W1 to W4) around which the first winding of the third phase is wound by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. ), The second winding of the first phase is wound in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding of the first phase when viewed from the rotor.

  A sixth aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is any one of the first to fourth aspects, in which the first winding (303U) of the first phase is wound. The second magnetic cores (U5 to U8) shifted from the first magnetic cores (U1 to U4) by (180 / N) degrees as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis include the first magnetic cores (U1 to U4) as viewed from the rotor (2). The second winding (103U) of the first phase is wound in the same direction as the winding direction of the first winding of one phase. The second magnetic core (180 / N) deviated from the first magnetic core (V1 to V4) around which the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction (180 / N). The second winding (103V) of the second phase is wound around V5 to V8) in the same direction as the winding direction of the first winding of the second phase as viewed from the rotor. The second magnetic core (180 / N) shifted from the first magnetic core (W1 to W4) around which the first winding (303W) of the third phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction (180 / N). In W5-W8), the second winding (101W) of the third phase is wound in the same direction as the winding direction of the first winding of the third phase as viewed from the rotor.

  A seventh aspect of the rotor magnetizing method according to the present invention is any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the permanent magnet material (202) is anisotropic in the direction of the rotation axis. Have.

  An eighth aspect of the method for magnetizing a rotor according to the present invention is the seventh aspect, wherein the permanent magnet materials (202) are magnetically independent from each other and arranged in the circumferential direction. 2N pieces of the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound around the position of the rotor (2) in the circumferential direction, the boundary of the adjacent permanent magnet material. The energization is performed after facing the magnetic cores (V1 to V4).

  According to the first aspect of the rotor magnetizing method of the present invention, the permanent magnet material can be magnetized by alternately using 2N magnetic poles in the circumferential direction using the stator. it can.

  According to the second aspect of the rotor magnetizing method of the present invention, the permanent magnet is magnetized with good symmetry.

  According to the third aspect of the rotor magnetizing method of the present invention, it is easy to magnetize the permanent magnet material substantially in the direction of the rotation axis.

  According to the fourth aspect of the method of magnetizing the rotor according to the present invention, the first magnetic core around which the first winding of the first phase is wound and the rotation direction of the first magnetic core (180 / N). The second magnetic cores shifted in degree substantially overlap with the first soft magnetic body and the second soft magnetic body, respectively, when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. Similarly, the first magnetic core around which the first winding of the third phase is wound and the second magnetic core shifted from the first magnetic core (180 / N) degree as viewed from the rotation axis direction are respectively the first soft magnetic body. And it overlaps with the second soft magnetic body as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. Therefore, it is easier to magnetize the permanent magnet material substantially in the direction of the rotation axis.

  According to the fifth aspect of the method for magnetizing a rotor according to the present invention, after the permanent magnet material is magnetized, the first stator and the second stator are relatively moved in the circumferential direction (60 / N). By shifting the first magnetic core of the first phase and the second magnetic core of the first phase so as to face each other, a configuration of a normal axial gap type rotating electrical machine can be obtained. Therefore, after the magnetization, the rotating electrical machine can be operated by supplying a three-phase current to the first winding and the second winding without significantly changing the configuration of the winding.

  According to the sixth aspect of the rotor magnetizing method of the present invention, after the permanent magnet material is magnetized, the first stator and the second stator are further changed without significantly changing the configuration of the winding. The rotating electrical machine can be operated by supplying a three-phase current to the first winding and the second winding without shifting the stator in the circumferential direction relatively.

  According to the seventh aspect of the rotor magnetizing method of the present invention, it is easy to magnetize the permanent magnet material substantially in the direction of the rotation axis.

  According to the eighth aspect of the method of magnetizing the rotor according to the present invention, if the initial position in the circumferential direction of the rotor is determined, the permanent magnet material can be obtained by the magnetic flux flowing through the first magnetic core and the second magnetic core. Since they are attracted, 2N permanent magnet materials are magnetized alternately with different polarities in the circumferential direction without restraining the rotor from rotating.

  In the present embodiment, the armature functions as a stator, and the field element functions as a rotor. Therefore, the stator has an armature configuration, and the rotor has a field element configuration.

First embodiment.
1 and 2 are perspective views showing the configuration of the rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment. The rotating electrical machine includes stators 1 and 3 and a rotor 2. In FIG. 1, these three components are shown separated along the rotation axis Q. When assembled as a rotating electrical machine, an interval commonly referred to as an air gap is provided between the stator 1 and the rotor 2 and between the stator 3 and the rotor 2.

  The rotor 2 rotates around the rotation axis Q. The rotor 2 faces the stator 1 on one side and the stator 3 on the other side of the rotation axis Q. The rotor 2 includes a permanent magnet material 202 that is later magnetized to become a permanent magnet. Generally, 2N permanent magnet materials 202 are provided magnetically independent from each other along the circumferential direction (N is a positive integer). Here, 4 is adopted as N.

  The permanent magnet material 202 may be annular and integrated. This is because so-called multipolar magnetization can be realized in magnetization described later, and 2N magnetic poles can be obtained.

  The rotor 2 further includes 2N soft magnetic bodies 201 that are circumferentially arranged magnetically independent from each other on one side of the permanent magnet material 202, and magnetically mutually on the other side of the permanent magnet material 202. 2N soft magnetic bodies 203 which are independent from each other. More specifically, a configuration in which one permanent magnet material 202 is sandwiched between soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 from both sides thereof is employed. Thereby, the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 face each other in the rotation axis direction.

  Even if the permanent magnet material 202 is annular and integrated, the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are arranged at positions facing each other in the rotation axis direction.

  1 and 2, a mechanism for rotatably supporting the rotor 2 and a mechanism for holding the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are omitted. The soft magnetic body 201.203 can be fixed to the permanent magnet material 202 using an adhesive or the like. Or these three may be fixed mechanically. In FIG. 1, these three components are shown separated in the direction of the rotation axis for easy viewing.

  The stator 1 includes a yoke 101, a magnetic core 102 that functions as a so-called tooth, and an armature winding 103. The yoke 101 and the magnetic core 102 may be made of a dust core, or may be a laminated steel plate. However, in any of the drawings, each of the laminated steel plates and each of the conductive wires are not individually illustrated.

  The armature winding 103 is configured by winding a thin conducting wire a plurality of times. The connection between the armature windings 103 is also omitted.

  3N magnetic cores 102 are provided on the side of the rotor 2 on the yoke 101 so as to be equally distributed at a degree of (120 / N) in the circumferential direction. Here, since 4 is adopted as N, the number thereof is 12.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the stator 1. The magnetic core 102 includes a main body 102a and a flange portion 102b. In FIG. 3, the armature winding 103, the main body 102a, and the flange portion 102b are shown separated along the rotation axis direction, but the main body 102a and the flange portion 102b are actually connected.

  The main body 102a is erected on the surface 101a of the yoke 101 on the rotor 2 side. The flange portion 102b is wider in the circumferential direction than the main body 102a, and is provided on the side opposite to the yoke 101 with respect to the main body 102a. The flange 102b is preferable in that it causes more magnetic flux from the rotor 2 to interlink with the stator 1, but may be omitted.

  The armature winding 103 is wound by concentrated winding on each of the magnetic cores 102, more specifically, on the main body 102a. Three-phase current flows through the armature winding 103, and which phase current flows through which armature winding 103 is wound around the armature winding 103 will be described later.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the stator 3. The stator 3 includes a yoke 301, a magnetic core 302 that functions as a so-called tooth, and an armature winding 303. These correspond to the yoke 101, the magnetic core 102, and the armature winding 103, respectively, and have the same configuration.

  More specifically, the magnetic core 302 includes a main body 302a and a collar 302b. The main body 302a is erected on the surface 301a of the yoke 301 on the rotor 2 side. The flange 302b is wider in the circumferential direction than the main body 302a, and is provided on the side opposite to the yoke 301 with respect to the main body 302a. The flange 302b is preferable in that it causes more magnetic flux from the rotor 2 to interlink with the stator 3, but may be omitted. In FIG. 4, the armature winding 303, the main body 302a, and the flange 302b are shown separated along the direction of the rotation axis.

  However, which phase of current flows through the armature winding 303 wound around which magnetic core 302 will be described in detail later.

  The yokes 101 and 301 open through holes 100 and 300, respectively, and a rotating shaft (not shown) held by the rotor 2 is inserted between them.

  It is desirable to employ a sintered rare earth magnet material for the permanent magnet material 202. This is because a permanent magnet obtained by magnetizing a rare earth magnet material has a high magnetic flux density.

  Eddy current loss is likely to occur in rare earth magnets, especially sintered rare earth magnets. However, soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 having lower electrical conductivity than rare earth magnets are provided on the stators 1 and 3 side of the permanent magnet material 202, respectively. Therefore, when the rotating electrical machine is driven after the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized, the occurrence of eddy current loss can be suppressed. As the material of the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203, a dust core can be used.

  In particular, when the armature current flowing through the stators 1 and 3 is subjected to PWM control, the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 may be provided in terms of reducing eddy current loss due to the change in the magnetic flux of the carrier component of PWM control. It is effective.

  The rotor 2 together with the stators 1 and 3 constitutes a rotating electrical machine. Therefore, the permanent magnet material 202 is required to be magnetized into magnets that are adjacent to each other and have a magnetic pole in the direction of the rotation axis. In order to meet such requirements, it is desirable that the permanent magnet material 202 has magnetic anisotropy in which the easy axis of magnetization is the direction of the rotation axis. This is because it becomes easy to magnetize in the direction of the rotation axis.

  Further, as will be described later, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized by energizing the stators 1 and 3. Therefore, even if the magnetic field for magnetization from the stators 1 and 3 is inclined from the rotation axis direction, it is required to guide this to the permanent magnet material 202. From the viewpoint of meeting such requirements, it is desirable that the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are provided. Furthermore, from this viewpoint, it is desirable that the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 have magnetic isotropy.

  5 and 6 are perspective views illustrating the configuration of the rotor 2. Here, a mode in which the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are held by the nonmagnetic holder 204 is illustrated. In FIG. 6, the holder 204, the permanent magnet material 202, and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are shown separately in the rotation axis direction.

  The holder 204 includes an inner ring 204a, a rib 204b, and an outer ring 204c. A rotating shaft (not shown) is held inside the inner ring 204a. The rib 204b extends in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis Q between the inner ring 204a and the outer ring 204c. The permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are fitted and held in a region surrounded by the circumferentially adjacent rib 204b, the inner ring 204a, and the outer ring 204c.

  A resin may be used as the holder 204, and the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 may be molded in the form shown in FIG.

  In addition, when the permanent magnet material 202 is annular and integrated, the rotating shaft may be directly supported by the inner diameter. Alternatively, the rotating shaft may be supported through a non-magnetic holder.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating another configuration of the rotor 2. Here, the case where the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are held by the nonmagnetic holder 204 is illustrated. However, here, as the holder 204, holders 2041 and 2043 that sandwich the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 from opposite sides are employed. In FIG. 7, the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 and the holders 2041 and 2043 are shown separated in the direction of the rotation axis.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the rotor 2 at a position parallel to the rotation axis Q and including the rotation axis Q. However, FIG. 8 shows only one side with respect to the rotation axis Q in view of the symmetry of the rotor 2.

  The soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 have tapered surfaces 201t and 203t on the side opposite to the permanent magnet material 202, respectively. The holders 2041 and 2043 hold the tapered surfaces 201t and 203t from the side opposite to the permanent magnet material 202, respectively. Therefore, the tapered surfaces 201t and 203t have an effect that the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 from the holders 2041 and 2043, and hence the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 and the permanent magnet material 202 from the holders 2041 and 2043 are less likely to jump out in the rotation axis direction. . This is desirable from the viewpoint of holding the permanent magnet material 202 against the thrust force.

  9 and 10 are perspective views illustrating still another configuration of the rotor 2. Here, the case where the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 are held by the nonmagnetic holder 204 is illustrated. However, here, a configuration in which magnetic bodies 205 are also provided on both sides in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet material 202 is illustrated. The magnetic body 205 increases the so-called q-axis inductance (so-called q-axis inductance) whose phase is orthogonal to the field magnetic flux. As the q-axis inductance increases, the difference between the q-axis inductance and the d-axis inductance (inductive in phase with the field magnetic flux) also increases. If appropriate phase advance control is performed, a reluctance torque proportional to this difference can be generated and used to increase the torque. Hereinafter, the magnetic body 205 is referred to as a q-axis core 205.

  Here, the thickness of the q-axis core 205 in the rotation axis direction is selected to be equal to the total thickness of the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 in the stacking direction. Not only the permanent magnet material 202 and the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 but also the q-axis core 205 are fitted in the holder 204. In FIG. 9, the holder 204, the permanent magnet material 202, the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203, and the q-axis core 205 are shown separated in the direction of the rotation axis.

  FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are plan views schematically showing how the armature windings 101 and 301 are concentratedly wound around the magnetic cores 102 and 302, respectively, and both show surfaces that are viewed from the rotor 2 side. Has been.

  Reference numerals U1 to U4, V1 to V4, and W1 to W4 indicated on the magnetic core 102 indicate that the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase currents are supplied to the armature windings 103 that are wound respectively. Show. More specifically, a U-phase current is supplied to any one of the armature windings 103 wound around each of the magnetic cores 102 denoted by reference numerals U1 to U4. Similarly, the V-phase current is supplied to each of the armature windings 103 wound around each of the magnetic cores 102 denoted by reference numerals V1 to V4, and each of the magnetic cores 102 denoted by reference numerals W1 to W4. A W-phase current is supplied to any of the armature windings 103 wound around.

  Therefore, the electric winding 103 can be grasped as a three-phase winding in which each phase is wound in a concentrated manner on each of the magnetic cores 102 and each phase is alternately wound N times.

  Similar to the above, a U-phase current is supplied to any of the armature windings 303 wound around each of the magnetic cores 302 denoted by reference numerals U5 to U8. Similarly, the V-phase current is supplied to any of the armature windings 303 wound around each of the magnetic cores 302 denoted by reference numerals V5 to V8, and each of the magnetic cores 302 denoted by reference numerals W5 to W8. A W-phase current is supplied to any of the armature windings 303 wound around. The electric winding 303 can be grasped as a three-phase winding in which each phase is concentrated and wound N times alternately on each of the magnetic cores 302.

  However, the black triangular mark in FIG. 11 indicates that the black triangular mark in FIG. 12 is arranged at the same position in the circumferential direction. That is, the magnetic core 302 with the reference symbol U1 and the magnetic core 102 with the reference symbol U5 face each other in the rotation axis direction, and the magnetic core 302 with the reference symbol W4 and the magnetic core with the reference symbol W8. 102 directly faces in the direction of the rotation axis.

  FIG. 13 shows the positional relationship between the stators 1 and 3 on which the armature windings 103 and 303 are arranged and the rotor 2 at a radial position where the magnetic core is present along the circumferential direction. It is an expanded view which expands and shows minutes to the outer peripheral side. In FIG. 13, black triangular marks are attached to both ends of the stators 1 and 3 to indicate that this interval is one round. FIG. 13 shows a configuration after the permanent magnet material 202 is already magnetized. After the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized, the magnetic cores 102 and 302 thus face each other in the direction of the rotation axis so as to be driven as a rotating electrical machine.

  However, for the purpose of reducing the cogging torque, it is desirable that the relative positional relationship between the magnetic cores 102 and 302 is slightly shifted in the circumferential direction from the directly facing position. Normally, the deviation angle is at most less than half of the pitch at which the magnetic cores 102 and 302 are arranged (that is, 60 / N degrees). In the present embodiment, description will be made assuming that the above-described deviation does not occur during driving as a rotating electrical machine.

  Each of the armature windings 103 and 303 wound around the magnetic cores 102 and 302 is schematically shown by one conductor, and is wound with a black circled circle and an x circled circle in the figure. The turning direction is shown. The winding direction here refers to the direction of the positive direction of the phase current of each phase. As the positive direction, for example, a direction in which a current flows into a neutral point is employed. The winding direction may be the negative direction of the phase current of each phase. In this embodiment, the winding direction is common to all the armature windings 103 and 303, and the same direction (here, the clockwise direction) is viewed from the stator 3 side when viewed from the stator 1 side. It has been adopted.

  For example, when the U-phase current flows in the positive direction, the magnetic core 302 (depicted in the figure as being divided into the main body 302a and the collar 302b) and the magnetic cores assigned the symbols U5 to U8. 102 (shown separately in the main body 102a and the flange 102b in the drawing) generates a magnetic flux in the direction from the stator 1 to the stator 3. Or, for example, when the V-phase current flows in the negative direction, both the magnetic core 302 with the reference signs V1 to V4 and the magnetic core 102 with the reference signs V5 to V8 are transferred from the stator 3 to the stator 1. Magnetic flux is generated in the direction of heading.

  From another viewpoint, the winding direction of the armature winding 103 and the winding direction of the armature winding 303 are the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction, respectively, when viewed from the rotor 2, and are opposite to each other. It has become a direction. Moreover, the rotor 2 exhibits different polarities in the stator 1 and the stator 3 if the circumferential positions are the same. Therefore, the armature winding 103 and the armature winding 303 supply the same phase magnetic field to the rotor 2 for each phase.

  FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing an example of connection of the armature windings 103 and 303. In this example, the armature windings 103 and 303 are connected in series for each phase, and a mode in which a three-phase star connection is adopted is illustrated.

  More specifically, the armature winding 103U is shown as the armature winding 103 through which the U-phase current flows. Similarly, armature windings 103V and 103W are shown as armature windings 103 through which a V-phase current and a W-phase current flow, respectively. In addition, armature windings 303U, 303V, and 303W are shown as armature windings 303 through which a U-phase current, a V-phase current, and a W-phase current flow. The three-phase power supply for supplying the U-phase current, the V-phase current, and the W-phase current is not shown.

  The armature windings 103U and 303U are connected in series, the armature windings 103V and 303V are connected in series, the armature windings 103W and 303W are connected in series, and these three sets realize a star connection. Yes.

  FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the connection of the armature windings 103 and 303. In this example, the armature windings 103 and 303 are connected in parallel for each phase, and a mode in which a three-phase star connection is adopted is illustrated. In FIG. 15, the three-phase power supply is not shown.

  More specifically, the armature windings 103U and 303U are connected in parallel, the armature windings 103V and 303V are connected in parallel, the armature windings 103W and 303W are connected in parallel, and these three sets are Achieves star connection. However, a neutral point where the armature windings 103U, 103V, 103W are connected to each other and a neutral point where the armature windings 303U, 303V, 303W are connected to each other may be provided separately. If these two neutral points are matched, the embodiment shown in FIG. 15 can be obtained.

  FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of the armature winding 103U. The armature winding 103U is configured by connecting armature windings 103U1, 103U2, 103U3, and 103U4 in parallel. The armature windings 103U1, 103U2, 103U3, and 103U4 are wound around the magnetic cores 102 with reference numerals U1, U2, U3, and U4, respectively. Similarly, the armature winding 103V is configured by connecting in parallel armature windings wound around the magnetic core 102 with reference numerals V1, V2, V3, and V4. Armature windings wound around the magnetic core 102 with W2, W3, and W4 are connected in parallel. The armature windings 103U, 103V, and 103W configured as described above can be employed in the configuration shown in FIG. 14 or the configuration shown in FIG.

  FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram showing another example of the configuration of the armature winding 103U. The armature winding 103U is configured by connecting armature windings 103U1, 103U2, 103U3, and 103U4 in series. Similarly, the armature winding 103V is configured by connecting in series the armature windings wound around the magnetic core 102 to which the reference signs V1, V2, V3, and V4 are attached. Armature windings wound around the magnetic core 102 provided with W2, W3, and W4 are connected in series. The armature windings 103U, 103V, and 103W configured as described above can be employed in the configuration shown in FIG. 14 or the configuration shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the magnetic core 302 around which the armature winding 303U is wound is referred to as a U-phase magnetic core and is represented by reference numerals U1, U2, U3, and U4. Similarly, the magnetic core 302 around which the armature winding 303 </ b> V is wound is referred to as a V-phase magnetic core and is denoted by reference numerals V <b> 1, V <b> 2, V <b> 3, V <b> 4. 302 is referred to as a W-phase magnetic core and represented by reference numerals W1, W2, W3, and W4, and the magnetic core 102 around which the armature winding 103U is wound is referred to as a U-phase magnetic core and denoted by reference numerals U5, U6, U7, The magnetic core 102 around which the armature winding 103V is wound is represented by U8, is referred to as a V-phase magnetic core, and is denoted by reference numerals V5, V6, V7, and V8, and the armature winding 103W is wound around it. The magnetic core 102 is referred to as a W-phase magnetic core, and is represented by reference numerals W5, W6, W7, and W8.

  FIG. 18 shows the positional relationship between the rotor 2 and the stators 1 and 3 in the case where the q-axis core 205 is provided, with one round along the circumferential direction at the radial position where the magnetic core exists. FIG. Other than providing the q-axis core 205, there is no difference from the configuration shown in FIG.

  When the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized, the stator 3 is viewed from the stator 3 and the stator 3 is shifted clockwise (60 / N) degrees. 19 and 20 are perspective views showing the positional relationship shifted due to such magnetization, and correspond to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.

  FIG. 21 is a plan view showing the position of the stator 3 displaced due to magnetization. FIG. 21 shows a surface appearing from the rotor 2 side as in FIG. Further, the black triangle mark added in FIG. 21 indicates that the position in the circumferential direction coincides with the black triangle mark added in FIG.

  FIG. 22 shows the positional relationship between the stators 1 and 3 and the rotor 2 when the stator 3 is displaced due to magnetization at a radial position where the magnetic core is present along the circumferential direction. It is an expanded view which expands and shows minutes to the outer peripheral side. In FIG. 22, the black triangle mark is shown only at one place, but the illustrated range of the stators 1 and 3 corresponds to one turn. FIG. 22 also shows a configuration after the permanent magnet material 202 is already magnetized.

  By shifting the relative positions of the stators 1 and 3 as described above, the U-phase magnetic cores U1, U2, U3, and U4 are fixed from the stator 3 to the U-phase magnetic cores U5, U6, U7, and U8, respectively. When the child 1 is seen, it is shifted (60 / N) degrees in the clockwise direction. The W-phase magnetic cores W1, W2, W3, and W4 are deviated by (60 / N) degrees counterclockwise when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3 with respect to the V-phase magnetic cores V5, V6, V7, and V8, respectively. . In this embodiment, since 4 is adopted as N, the (60 / N) degree is 15 degrees.

  The V-phase magnetic cores V1, V2, V3, and V4 are shifted from the W-phase magnetic cores W5, W6, W7, and W8 by (180 / N) degrees in the clockwise direction when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3. Further, the V-phase magnetic cores V1, V2, V3, and V4 are shifted by (180 / N) degrees counterclockwise when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3 with respect to the W-phase magnetic cores W8, W5, W6, and W7. . Further, the U-phase magnetic cores U1, U2, U3, and U4 are shifted from the V-phase magnetic cores V5, V6, V7, and V8 by (180 / N) degrees in the clockwise direction when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3. Further, the W-phase magnetic cores W1, W2, W3, and W4 are shifted by (180 / N) degrees counterclockwise when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3 with respect to the U-phase magnetic cores U5, U6, U7, and U8, respectively. . In this embodiment, since 4 is adopted as N, (180 / N) degrees is 45 degrees.

  When the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized, a DC current or a pulse current is passed through the armature windings 101 and 103 instead of a three-phase current that flows in normal rotational driving. For example, a charge current stored in a capacitor (not shown) can be caused to flow through the armature winding by short-circuiting both ends of the capacitor with the armature winding.

  In FIG. 22, the direction of the magnetic field to be magnetized is indicated by white arrows on the core bodies 102a and 302a. Specifically, the U-phase magnetic cores U1, U2, U3, and U4 and the V-phase magnetic cores V5, V6, V7, and V8 that are shifted by (180 / N) degrees are all directed outward from the rotor 2. Generates a magnetic field. That is, these magnetic cores are all S poles with respect to the rotor 2. A magnetic field is generated in the direction toward the rotor 2 in each of the W-phase magnetic cores W1, W2, W3, and W4 and the U-phase magnetic cores U5, U6, U7, and U8 shifted by (180 / N) degrees. To do. That is, all of these magnetic cores have N poles with respect to the rotor 2. The U-phase magnetic cores U1, U2, U3, U4 and the W-phase magnetic cores W1, W2, W3, W4 have different polarities, and the U-phase magnetic cores U5, U6, U7, U8 and the V-phase magnetic cores V5, V6 , V7, and V8 have different polarities from each other.

  As described above, the U-phase magnetic cores U1, U2, U3, and U4 are shifted by (60 / N) degrees with respect to the U-phase magnetic cores U5, U6, U7, and U8, respectively. The W-phase magnetic cores W1, W2, W3, and W4 are shifted by (60 / N) degrees with respect to the V-phase magnetic cores V5, V6, V7, and V8, respectively. Therefore, the permanent magnet material 202 has a stator 1, in the range of (180 / N) degrees, which is the sum of the (120 / N) degree corresponding to the arrangement pitch of the magnetic cores and the above-mentioned deviation (60 / N) degree. 3 are magnetized with different magnetic poles.

  Moreover, since the magnetic field to be magnetized has a different polarity every (180 / N) degrees, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized with a different polarity every (180 / N) degrees. Therefore, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized to 2N magnetic poles in one circumference (360 degrees) in the circumferential direction.

  In this way, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized using the stators 1 and 3 so as to alternately present 2N magnetic poles in the circumferential direction. In addition, there is no need to move the rotor 2 during magnetization. The magnetized permanent magnet material 202 exhibits magnetic poles having different polarities relative to the stators 1 and 3.

  In FIG. 22, among the polarities of the magnetic poles exhibited by the magnetized permanent magnet material 202, the magnetic poles present on the stator 1 side are positioned at the soft magnetic body 201, and the magnetic poles present on the stator 3 side are positioned at the soft magnetic body 203. Respectively.

  FIG. 23 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration for generating a magnetic field for magnetization. As the magnetizing power source, for example, a power source that generates a pulse voltage is employed. The configuration illustrated in FIG. 23 is suitable when the connection used when the rotary electric machine is rotationally driven is in the form shown in FIG. More specifically, in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 23, the parallel connection of the armature windings 103V and 303V is realized by removing the short-circuiting of the armature windings 303V and 303W in FIG. And the armature windings 103U and 303U are connected in series to the magnetized power source.

  Assuming that the polarity of the magnetized power supply is positive on the armature windings 103U and 303U side and the direction of current flowing into the neutral point is positive as the current direction of each phase, the armature windings 103U and 303U have A positive current flows. As a result, armature current flows in the same direction as the winding direction of the armature windings 103 and 303 wound around the U-phase magnetic cores U1 to U8, and the U-phase magnetic cores U1 to U8 are outlined. A magnetic field indicated by an arrow is generated.

  Further, a negative current flows through the armature windings 103V and 303W. As a result, the armature winding 103 wound around the V-phase magnetic cores V5 to U8 and the armature winding 303 wound around the W-phase magnetic cores W1 to W4 have a direction opposite to the winding direction. The armature current flows through the V-phase magnetic cores V5 to U8 and the W-phase magnetic cores W1 to W4, and magnetic fields indicated by white arrows are generated.

  FIG. 24 is a circuit diagram illustrating another configuration for generating a magnetic field for magnetization. The configuration illustrated in FIG. 24 is suitable when the connection used when the rotary electric machine is rotationally driven is in the form shown in FIG. More specifically, in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 24, the armature windings 303 </ b> V and 103 </ b> W are opened and removed in FIG. 15 to realize parallel connection between the armature windings 103 </ b> V and 303 </ b> V. And the parallel connection of the armature windings 103U and 303U are obtained by connecting in series to the magnetized power source. Even in such a configuration, a current flows in the opposite direction between the armature windings 103U and 303U and the armature windings 103V and 303W, and a magnetic field indicated by a white arrow in FIG. 22 is generated.

  Normally, since the armature windings of the rotating electrical machine are provided with good symmetry, the impedances of the armature windings 103U, 103V, 103W, 303U, 303V, and 303W are substantially equal. Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG. 24, the currents flowing through the armature windings 103U, 103V, 303U, and 303W are equal in comparison with the configuration shown in FIG. This brings about the advantage that the magnetic field strengths generated in the U-phase magnetic cores U1 to U8, the V-phase magnetic cores V5 to U8, and the W-phase magnetic cores W1 to W4 are substantially equal, and the magnetization is uniform. Such an advantage can be obtained regardless of whether the armatures 103U, 103V, 103W, 303U, 303V, and 303W adopt the configuration of FIG. 16 illustrated for the armature 103U or the configuration of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 22, the magnetic field to be magnetized is shifted by (60 / N) degrees between the stators 1 and 3. Therefore, in order to magnetize the permanent magnet material 202 in the rotation axis direction, it is desirable to have an easy magnetization axis in the rotation axis direction as described above. FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing that the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized by an arrow. By magnetizing in this way, the magnetic energy product obtained when used as a rotating electrical machine is large.

  FIG. 26 is an expanded view showing the vicinity of three adjacent magnetic cores in FIG. 22 in an enlarged manner. For example, referring to FIG. 1, 3N magnetic cores 102 are provided in the stator 1. Therefore, the centers of the main bodies 102a adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are separated by (360 / 3N) degrees in the circumferential direction. In the present embodiment, 4 is adopted as N, so (360 / 3N) degrees is 30 degrees. The same applies to the centers of the main bodies 302a.

  In order to bring the magnetization direction closer to the rotation axis direction, it is desirable that the flange portions 102b and 302b are wider in the circumferential direction than the main bodies 102a and 302a. However, it is desirable that the flange portions 102b and 302b expand at less than 15 degrees from the centers of the main bodies 102a and 302a in order to prevent a magnetic short circuit between adjacent magnetic cores.

  Further, the main bodies 102a and 302a are displaced by (60 / N) = 30/2 = 15 degrees. Therefore, three magnetic cores exist within the range of (360 / 2N) = (180 / N) degree = 45 degrees. On the other hand, in order to magnetize the permanent magnet material 202 and obtain 2N magnetic poles with good symmetry, they must be magnetized with different polarities every (180 / N) degrees. Therefore, it is desirable that one of the three magnetic cores within the range of (180 / N) degrees should not generate a magnetic field to be magnetized. In the example shown in FIG. 22, the armature windings 303V and 103W wound around the magnetic cores V1 to V4 and W5 to W8 shifted by (180 / N) degrees from each other are not energized during magnetization. Better symmetry of magnetization.

  Furthermore, it is desirable that the magnetic cores V1 to V4 and W5 to W8 that do not generate a magnetic field when magnetized face the boundary in the circumferential direction of the soft magnetic bodies 203 and 201, respectively. As a result, the magnetic cores U1 to U4 and V5 to V8 substantially overlap the soft magnetic bodies 203 and 201, respectively, when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. Similarly, the magnetic cores W1 to W4 and U5 to U8 substantially overlap the soft magnetic bodies 203 and 201, respectively, when viewed from the rotation axis direction. Therefore, it becomes easy to magnetize the permanent magnet material 202 almost in the direction of the rotation axis.

  It is not necessary to prevent the rotor 2 from rotating during magnetization. This is natural when the permanent magnet material 202 is annular and integrated, but it is also valid for the case where 2N pieces are provided discretely.

  In the case where 2N pieces of the permanent magnet material 202 are provided in a discrete manner, the permanent magnet material 202 is attracted to the magnetic cores 102 and 302 where a magnetic field to be magnetized is generated. Therefore, even if the rotation of the rotor 2 is not constrained and magnetization is performed in a rotatable state, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized for each. However, it is desirable that the magnetic cores V1 to V4 and W5 to W8 that do not generate a magnetic field at the time of magnetization are directly opposed to the circumferential boundaries of the soft magnetic bodies 203 and 201, respectively. By magnetizing with this state as an initial state, the force with which the permanent magnet material 202 is attracted to the magnetic cores U1 to U4, W1 to W4, U5 to U8, and V5 to V8 antagonizes, and the rotor 2 hardly rotates. It is.

  After magnetization, the relative positional relationship between the stators 1 and 3 is changed so that the magnetic cores 102 and 302 face each other in the rotation axis direction. Specifically, after magnetization, the stator 3 is viewed from the stator 3 and the stator 3 is shifted counterclockwise (60 / N) degrees.

  Thereby, the positional relationship shown in FIG. 18, that is, the configuration of a normal axial gap type rotating electrical machine is obtained. Further, the armature windings 103 and 303 are connected in such a manner that a three-phase current flows as illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15. For example, the armature windings 103 and 303 are connected in the manner shown in FIG. 14, and in the magnetization, a connection for short-circuiting the armature windings 303V and 303W is added to obtain the connection shown in FIG. . After the magnetization, the added connection is removed, and the magnetized power source may be replaced with a normal three-phase power source (not shown). Alternatively, the windings 303V and 103W may be magnetized without being connected, and after the magnetization, the windings 303V and 103W may be connected to the windings 103V and 303W. Thereby, the rotating electrical machine can be driven normally.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, after the magnetization, the three-phase current is supplied to the armature windings 103 and 303 without significantly changing the configuration of the armature windings 103 and 303, and the operation of the rotating electrical machine is performed. It can be performed.

  In the first embodiment, the relative positional relationship in the circumferential direction of the stators 1 and 3 differs between when magnetized and when used as a rotating electrical machine. However, such positional relationship adjustment can be realized by a known mechanism.

  FIG. 27 is a perspective view illustrating a mechanism for changing the relative positional relationship of the stators 1 and 3 in the circumferential direction. However, in order to avoid complication of illustration, the rotor 2 and the stators 1 and 3 are both shown in a simplified form as disks, and the rotor 2 is seen through as indicated by a chain line.

  A fastening hole 110 is provided in the stator 1. For example, referring to FIG. 1, the fastening hole 110 is provided in the yoke 101 so as to avoid the armature winding 103. The stator 3 is provided with fastening holes 310 and 311. For example, referring to FIG. 1, the fastening holes 310 and 311 are provided to avoid the armature winding 303 in the yoke 301.

  When the fastening holes 110 and 310 overlap along the rotation axis direction, a positional relationship (see FIG. 18) as a normal axial gap type rotating electrical machine is obtained. Further, when the fastening holes 110 and 311 overlap along the rotation axis direction, the positional relationship (FIG. 22) at the time of magnetization is obtained.

  Specifically, the fastening holes 110 and 310 are both arranged 90 degrees apart in the circumferential direction, and the fastening holes 311 are provided 15 degrees away from the stator 3 in the counterclockwise direction when viewing the stator 1. ing. The radial positions of the fastening holes 110, 310, 311 are all equal, for example.

  When magnetization is performed, the stators 1 and 3 are fixed using fasteners (not shown) penetrating the fastening holes 110 and 311. When the magnetization is finished, the stators 1 and 3 are fixed by passing the fasteners through the fastening holes 110 and 310 so that the normal operation of the rotating electrical machine can be performed.

  Of course, other mechanisms may be used without using the fastening holes 110, 310, 311. For example, a casing for fixing the stators 1 and 3 is provided separately, and a mechanism for allowing the positional relationship of the stator 3 in two ways while fixing the positional relationship of the stator 1 with respect to the casing is provided. As an example of the mechanism, there is an unevenness that engages in two kinds of positional relationship between the casing and the stator 3.

Second embodiment.
FIG. 28 is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the magnetic cores 102 in the present embodiment, and shows the surface of the stator 1 that appears when viewed from the rotor 2 side. In the present embodiment, a plan view of the stator 3 is shown in FIG. The black triangle mark added to FIG.21 and FIG.28 has shown arrange | positioning in the same position in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 29 is a development view showing the positional relationship between the stators 1 and 3 and the rotor 2 by developing one circumference to the outer circumference side along the circumferential direction at the radial position where the magnetic core exists. . In FIG. 29, the black triangular mark is shown only at one place, but the illustrated range of the stators 1 and 3 corresponds to one turn. FIG. 29 also shows a configuration after the permanent magnet material 202 is already magnetized.

  In the present embodiment, the positional relationship of the magnetic core 102 with respect to the magnetic core 302 is further clockwise (120) when the stator 1 is viewed from the stator 3 as compared with the positional relationship shown in the first embodiment. / N) It differs in that it is shifted by degrees. For example, the U-phase magnetic core U1 is located between the U-phase magnetic core U5 and the W-phase magnetic core W8 in the first embodiment (see FIG. 22), but in this embodiment, the W-phase magnetic core U1 is located. It is located between W8 and the V-phase magnetic core V8.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the winding direction of the armature winding 103 is opposite to the winding direction of the armature winding 303 when viewed from one of the rotation axis directions (same direction as viewed from the rotor 2). .

  From another viewpoint, the winding direction of the armature winding 103 and the winding direction of the armature winding 303 are both the clockwise direction and the same direction when viewed from the rotor 2. The magnetic poles presented to the rotor 2 have the same polarity for each phase. Moreover, the rotor 2 exhibits the same polarity for each phase with respect to the stators 1 and 3. More specifically, the U-phase magnetic cores U1 to U4 of the stator 3 and the U-phase magnetic cores U5 to U8 of the stator 1 are shifted by 45 degrees as mechanical angles. The permanent magnet material 202 is also magnetized with its polarity reversed every 45 degrees. Therefore, the armature winding 103 and the armature winding 303 supply an in-phase magnetic field to the rotor 2.

  However, the armature windings 103 and 303 can be connected in series or in parallel for each phase, and star connection or delta connection can be adopted. For example, the connections illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15 are employed. In the case of adopting star connection, if current is passed between the terminals of the two phases with all the three-phase windings connected, current does not flow in the other one phase. However, when adopting delta connection, it must be noted that it is necessary to energize the magnetizing in a state where the winding of the phase that is not energized is not connected to the winding of the phase that is energized.

  Also in the present embodiment, the magnetic field to be magnetized is indicated by a white arrow, and the relationship between the magnetic field and the rotor 2 is the same as in the first embodiment. That is, the magnetic cores U <b> 1 to U <b> 4 and the magnetic cores W <b> 1 to W <b> 4 exhibit different polarities with respect to the rotor 2. The magnetic cores U <b> 1 to U <b> 4 and the magnetic core 102 shifted by (180 / N) degrees have the same polarity with respect to the rotor 2. The magnetic core 102 is the magnetic cores V5 to V8 in the first embodiment, but is the magnetic cores U5 to U8 in the present embodiment. Further, the magnetic cores W <b> 1 to W <b> 4 and the magnetic core 102 shifted by (180 / N) degrees have the same polarity with respect to the rotor 2. The magnetic core 102 is the magnetic cores U5 to U8 in the first embodiment, but is the magnetic cores W5 to W8 in the present embodiment.

  As described above, in this embodiment, it is sufficient to energize only the armature windings 103 and 303 for the two phases of the U phase and the V phase without using the W-phase armature winding. This facilitates connection of the armature windings 103, 303 to the magnetized power source.

  For example, when the connection shown in FIG. 14 is adopted, the W-phase armature winding is opened, and the magnetized power supply is connected to the series connection of the armature windings 103U, 303U, 103V, and 303V. Good. Or when the connection of the aspect shown by FIG. 15 is employ | adopted, the armature winding of W phase is open | released, the parallel connection of armature winding 103U and 303U, and the parallel connection of armature winding 103V and 303V What is necessary is just to connect a magnetizing power supply with respect to the serial connection with.

  Since the current flows in the same direction through the armature winding 103U and the armature winding 303U and both are wound in the same direction as viewed from the rotor 2, the magnetic cores U1 to U4 and the magnetic cores U5 to U8 Exhibits the same polarity with respect to the rotor 2. Further, current flows in the same direction in the armature winding 103V and the armature winding 303V, and both are wound in the same direction as viewed from the rotor 2, so that the magnetic cores V1 to V4 and the magnetic cores V5 to V8 are wound. Means having the same polarity with respect to the rotor 2. Since the current flowing through the armature windings 103U and 303U and the current flowing through the armature windings 103V and 303V have different signs of their directions, the magnetic cores U1 to U8 and the magnetic cores V1 to V8 are connected to the rotor 2. On the other hand, it has a different polarity.

  Such two-phase energization is advantageous in that the currents flowing through the armature windings 103 and 303 are easily made uniform, and the magnetization becomes uniform.

  Also in the present embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, the soft magnetic bodies 201 and 203 or the holder 204 are arranged, and a specific effect can be obtained by the function and arrangement. In addition, as in the first embodiment, the permanent magnet material 202 has magnetic anisotropy, which facilitates magnetization in the direction of the rotation axis. Further, when 2N pieces of the permanent magnet material 202 are provided discretely, a magnetic core (in this embodiment, a magnetic core) wound with an armature winding that is not energized at the time of magnetization. It is also preferable to magnetize the cores V1 to V8) with the cores facing each other. According to this, even if the magnetization is performed in a rotatable state without restricting the rotation of the rotor 2, the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized for each of them.

  Furthermore, this embodiment has a specific effect that the relative positions of the stators 1 and 3 do not need to be different between when magnetized and when driven as a rotating electrical machine. That is, in the configuration of the rotating electrical machine in the present embodiment, the stators 1 and 3 face each other in the rotational axis direction in the manner shown in FIG. 29 both when magnetized and when driven as a rotating electrical machine. However, of course, at this time, the armature windings 103 and 303 are connected in such a manner that a normal three-phase current flows as illustrated in FIGS.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 29, the intermediate position between the U-phase magnetic core and the V-phase magnetic core of the stator 1 and the W-phase magnetic core of the stator 3 face each other. For example, the intermediate position between the magnetic cores U5 and V5 and the magnetic core W1 face each other. Usually, since the three-phase current is balanced, the sum of the U-phase current, the V-phase current, and the W-phase current becomes zero. The armature winding 103 and the armature winding 303 are wound in the same direction as viewed from the rotor 2 for each phase.

  Therefore, when a balanced three-phase current flows, the W-phase magnetism of the stator 3 is equivalently seen along the rotation axis direction at an intermediate position between the U-phase magnetic core and the V-phase magnetic core of the stator 1. A magnetic field is generated in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the core. In other words, for the rotor 2, magnetic poles having different polarities from the stators 1 and 3 are presented at the same position in the circumferential direction. Therefore, except for the saliency of the stators 1 and 3, the magnetic fields generated by the three-phase currents that are passed through the armature windings are mutually different between the stators 1 and 3 as in the structure shown in FIG. The phase is 180 degrees out of phase.

  However, similarly to the structure shown in FIG. 18, the rotor 2 exhibits different polarities with respect to the stators 1 and 3 at the same position in the circumferential direction. Therefore, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the same phase from the stators 1 and 3 to the rotor 2. Therefore, the torques acting on the rotor 2 from the stators 1 and 3 coincide with each other, and the thrust force cancels out.

  Moreover, since the magnetic core 102 and the magnetic core 302 are displaced in the circumferential direction by half of their arrangement pitch, cogging torque and torque ripple are reduced. Therefore, since the maximum torque control can be performed in parallel for both of the stators 1 and 3, not only the characteristics are not deteriorated, but also the cogging torque and the torque ripple can be reduced.

  30 to 33 are development views showing a state in which the rotor 2 rotates after the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized. These figures show a part of FIG. 29 taken out, and the white arrow indicates the direction of the magnetic field. However, when driven as a rotating electrical machine, three-phase current flows, so only U, V, and W symbols are shown on the magnetic core.

  FIG. 30 shows a situation in which the U-phase current is zero, the W-phase current is flowing in the positive direction, and the V-phase current is flowing in the negative direction. In this situation, a current flows in the same direction as the winding direction of the armature winding wound around the W-phase magnetic core, so that the W-phase magnetic cores of the stators 1 and 3 are both in relation to the rotor 2. Presents the south pole. On the other hand, since the current flows in the direction opposite to the winding direction of the armature winding wound around the V-phase magnetic core, the V-phase magnetic cores of the stators 1 and 3 are all in relation to the rotor 2. Presents N pole. Therefore, the N pole of the permanent magnet material 202 (magnetized: the same applies hereinafter) of the rotor 2 is generated from the V-phase magnetic core and attracted to the W-phase magnetic core. Thereby, the rotor 2 moves in the rotation direction (right side in the figure).

  FIG. 31 shows a situation in which the U-phase current flows in the positive direction after the situation shown in FIG. In this situation, since the current flows in the same direction as the winding direction of the armature winding wound around the U-phase magnetic core, the U-phase magnetic core exhibits an S pole with respect to the rotor 2. However, since the V-phase magnetic core still exhibits an N-pole with respect to the rotor 2, the S-pole of the permanent magnet material 202 (magnetized) of the rotor 2 is made from the U-phase magnetic core. Attracted to the phase core. Thereby, the rotor 2 further moves in the rotation direction.

  FIG. 32 shows a situation in which the U-phase current increases and the W-phase current becomes zero after the situation shown in FIG. FIG. 33 shows a situation in which the U-phase current has decreased and the W-phase current has flowed in the negative direction after the situation shown in FIG. Thus, the rotor 2 is driven to rotate by causing the three-phase current to flow through the armature winding.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, after the permanent magnet material 202 is magnetized, the stators 1 and 3 can be relatively moved in the circumferential direction without changing the configuration of the armature windings 103 and 303. Without rotating, the rotating electric machine can be operated by supplying a three-phase current to the armature windings 103 and 303.

  In the present embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, the q-axis core 205 can be adopted and the reluctance torque can be used.

It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine concerning 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the stator in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the stator in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the composition of the rotor in a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates the composition of the rotor in a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view which illustrates other composition of the rotor in a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the rotor in 1st Embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating still another configuration of the rotor in the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating still another configuration of the rotor in the first embodiment. It is a top view which shows the armature winding and magnetic core in 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the armature winding and magnetic core in 1st Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows the positional relationship of the stator and rotor in 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the example of the connection of the armature winding in 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the other example of the connection of the armature winding in 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the example of a structure of the armature winding in 1st Embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the example of the other structure of the armature winding in 1st Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows the positional relationship of the stator and rotor in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the positional relationship shifted | deviated for the magnetization in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the positional relationship shifted | deviated for the magnetization in 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the position of the stator which shifted | deviated for the magnetization in 1st Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a development view showing a positional relationship between the stator and the rotor 2 when the stator is displaced due to magnetization in the first embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which illustrates the composition for generating the magnetic field for magnetization in a 1st embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which illustrates other composition for generating a magnetic field for magnetization in a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows that the permanent magnet material was magnetized. It is an expanded view which expands and shows a part of FIG. It is a perspective view which illustrates the mechanism in which the relative positional relationship in the circumferential direction of a pair of stators differs. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the magnetic core in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view which shows the positional relationship of the stator and rotor in 2nd Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows a mode that a rotor rotates after magnetization in 2nd Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows a mode that a rotor rotates after magnetization in 2nd Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows a mode that a rotor rotates after magnetization in 2nd Embodiment. It is an expanded view which shows a mode that a rotor rotates after magnetization in 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1,3 Stator 102, 302, U1-U8, V1-V8, W1-W8 Magnetic core 103, 103U, 103V, 103W, 303, 303U, 303V, 303W Armature winding 2 Rotor 201, 203 Soft magnetic material 202 Permanent magnet material

Claims (8)

A permanent magnet material (1) included in the rotor (2) facing the first and second stators (3, 1) on the rotation axis (Q) on the first side and the second side and rotating around the rotation axis ( 202),
The first stator is provided with 3N first magnetic cores (302) that are equally arranged at a degree of (120 / N) degrees (N is a positive integer) in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis, and the first stator Each of the magnetic cores has a three-phase first winding (303U, 303V, 303W) in which each phase is alternately wound N times alternately in a concentrated winding,
The second stator is provided with 3N second magnetic cores (102) equally arranged at (120 / N) degrees in the circumferential direction, and concentrated windings on each of the second magnetic cores. Has three-phase second windings (103U, 103V, 103W) that are alternately wound N times,
The method
The first magnetic core (U1 to U4) around which the first winding (303U) of the first phase is wound, and the rotation axis direction that is the direction along the rotation axis (180 / N) ) The second magnetic cores (V5 to V8; U5 to U8) shifted by the same degree have the same polarity with respect to the rotor,
The first magnetic core around which the first winding of the first phase is wound, and the first magnetic core (W1 to W4) around which the first winding of the third phase (103W) is wound. Is different in polarity with respect to the rotor,
The first magnetic core around which the first winding of the third phase is wound, and the second magnetic core (U5 to U8; W5) shifted from this by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. To W8), the rotor is magnetized with the same polarity to the rotor.   The second phase first winding (303V) and the first magnetic core (V1 to V4) around which the second winding is wound and the second magnetic core shifted by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. The rotor magnetizing method according to claim 1, wherein no current is passed through the second winding (103 W; 103 V) wound around (W 5 -W 8; V 5 -V 8). The rotor (2) includes 2N first soft magnetic bodies (203) arranged in the circumferential direction independently of each other on the first side of the permanent magnet material (202), and 2N second soft magnetic bodies (201) magnetically independent from each other on the second side of the permanent magnet material,
3. The method of magnetizing a rotor according to claim 1, wherein the first soft magnetic body and the second soft magnetic body face each other in the rotation axis direction. The first magnetic cores (V1 to V4) around which the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound face the boundary of the first soft magnetic body (203) adjacent in the circumferential direction. ,
The second magnetic core (W5 to W8; V5 to V8) deviated by (180 / N) degrees from the first magnetic core around which the first winding of the second phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction. The method for magnetizing a rotor according to claim 3, wherein the method directly faces a boundary between the second soft magnetic bodies (201) adjacent in the circumferential direction. The second magnetic core (180 / N) deviated from the first magnetic core (U1 to U4) around which the first winding (301U) of the first phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction (180 / N). V5 to V8) include the second winding (103V) of the second phase in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding (303V) of the second phase when viewed from the rotor (2). Is wound,
The second magnetic cores (W5 to W8) shifted from the first magnetic cores (V1 to V4) around which the first winding of the second phase is wound by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. ), The second winding (103W) of the third phase is wound in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding (303W) of the third phase when viewed from the rotor,
The second magnetic cores (U5 to U8) deviated from the first magnetic cores (W1 to W4) around which the first winding of the third phase is wound by (180 / N) degrees when viewed from the rotation axis direction. 5), the second winding of the first phase is wound in a direction opposite to the winding direction of the first winding of the first phase when viewed from the rotor. The rotor magnetizing method according to any one of the above. The second magnetic core (180 / N) shifted from the first magnetic core (U1 to U4) around which the first winding (303U) of the first phase is wound as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis (180 / N). In U5 to U8), the second winding (103U) of the first phase is wound in the same direction as the winding direction of the first winding of the first phase as viewed from the rotor (2). And
The second magnetic core (180 / N) deviated from the first magnetic core (V1 to V4) around which the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction (180 / N). In V5 to V8), the second phase second winding (103V) is wound in the same direction as the winding direction of the second phase first winding as viewed from the rotor,
The second magnetic core (180 / N) shifted from the first magnetic core (W1 to W4) around which the first winding (303W) of the third phase is wound as viewed from the rotation axis direction (180 / N). In W5-W8), the second winding (101W) of the third phase is wound in the same direction as the winding direction of the first winding of the third phase as viewed from the rotor. The method for magnetizing a rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The method for magnetizing a rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the permanent magnet material (202) has anisotropy in the direction of the rotation axis. The permanent magnet material (202) is arranged in the circumferential direction so as to be magnetically independent from each other, and 2N pieces are provided,
The circumferential position of the rotor (2), the boundary between the adjacent permanent magnet materials, the first magnetic core (V1 to V1) around which the first winding (303V) of the second phase is wound The rotor magnetizing method according to claim 7, wherein the energization is performed after facing V4).

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