JP4687687B2 - Axial gap type rotating electric machine and field element - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap type rotating electric machine and a field element in which an armature and a field element face each other through a gap that extends along a plane substantially perpendicular to a rotation axis.

  An axial gap type rotating electric machine has a configuration in which an armature and a field element are provided with a gap along a rotation axis.

  The armature has a yoke, teeth provided on the yoke, and a winding wound around the tooth, and generates a rotating magnetic field to rotate the field element.

  Some field elements are provided with a plurality of permanent magnets around a rotating shaft and a magnetic body for generating reluctance torque between the permanent magnets. Thus, the field element can be rotated by effectively utilizing the reluctance torque in addition to the magnet torque.

  As a prior art related to the invention of the present application, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses an example in which the entire rotor core including a magnetic body for generating reluctance torque is configured by a dust core, and an example in which the entire rotor core is configured by a laminated steel sheet that is laminated in the radial direction.

JP 2005-94955 A

  By the way, unlike a radial gap type motor in which magnetic flux flows in a direction along a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis inside the field element, in an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, for example, magnetic flux flows in the axial direction.

  However, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, if the entire rotor core is configured with a dust core, the dust core has a relatively low permeability and a high iron loss at a relatively low frequency. Will increase and become less efficient. In particular, the magnetic part provided between the permanent magnets for generating the reluctance torque is excited by the current flowing in the armature winding without the assistance of the magnetic flux by the permanent magnets, so the high permeability is the reluctance torque. It is an important condition for the occurrence of

  On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 as another example, if the entire rotor core is formed of a laminated steel plate laminated in the radial direction, the outer shape, hole shape, hole pitch shape, etc. of the laminated steel plate are different. It is necessary to prepare a large number of materials, and punching is complicated and manufacturing is complicated.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to easily manufacture a field element capable of improving the magnet torque and the reluctance torque.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an axial gap type rotating electric machine according to a first aspect is capable of rotating relative to an armature (30, 40) and a rotation axis (18a) relative to the armature, A field element (20, 120, 320, 420, 520) facing the armature in the rotation axis direction, the field element being magnetized along the rotation axis direction, A plurality of permanent magnets (22, 422) arranged around the rotation axis so as to present alternating magnetic poles around the rotation axis, and arranged to cover the armature side of the permanent magnets. The first magnetic bodies (24, 224, 324, 424) and the plurality of second magnetic bodies (28, 128) provided between the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies with a first magnetic barrier therebetween. , 328, 428), and the first magnetic body is a dust magnet In is formed, the second magnetic bodies are those steel in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotary shaft is formed by laminating steel plates stacked.

  As in the second aspect, the cross-sectional shape of each of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) may be a substantially rectangular shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis.

  As in the third aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies (128) is formed of a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction of the circle centered on the rotation axis. It may be.

  Like a 4th aspect, each said 2nd magnetic body (28) may be formed with the laminated steel plate by which the steel plate was laminated | stacked on the radial direction of the circle centering on the said rotating shaft.

  As in the fifth aspect, the surfaces of the permanent magnets (22, 422) and the first magnetic bodies (24, 224, 324, 424) facing the second magnetic bodies, Of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428), the surfaces facing the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies may be substantially parallel.

  As in the sixth aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) may be formed of a directional electrical steel sheet having an easy magnetization axis in a direction substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction. Good.

  As in the seventh aspect, each of the first magnetic bodies (224) includes a first magnetic body main body (224a, 224b) that covers the armature side surface of the permanent magnet and a surface on the opposite side. The opposite magnetic body portions (224b, 224a) to be covered are integrated via first magnetic body side portions (224c) that cover the surfaces of the permanent magnets that face the second magnetic bodies. The thickness dimension of the side portion of the first magnetic body may be smaller than the thickness dimension of the main body portion of the first magnetic body.

  As in the eighth aspect, each of the first magnetic bodies (224) may be molded with the permanent magnet disposed in the mold.

  As in the ninth aspect, each of the first magnetic bodies (24, 324, 424) may be bonded to the permanent magnet with an adhesive.

  As in the tenth aspect, the permanent magnets (22), the first magnetic bodies (324), and the second magnetic bodies (328) are fixed to the non-magnetic holder (350). Also good.

  As in the eleventh aspect, the non-magnetic holder (350) is a pair of fixing the permanent magnets (22) and the first magnetic bodies (324) so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the rotation axis direction. Each of the second magnetic bodies (328) is a portion facing the armature closer to the armature than a portion located between the permanent magnets. Is formed so as to be wide (358a) in the circumferential direction of the circle centered at the center, and the second magnetic body can be inserted between the permanent magnets of the pair of non-magnetic divided holders from the outer peripheral side. A joint recess (354) may be formed, and each of the second magnetic bodies may be inserted into each of the fitting recesses from the outer peripheral side.

  As in the twelfth aspect, the apparatus further comprises a third magnetic body (450) having an annular magnetic body portion (450a) provided on an inner peripheral portion of each of the first magnetic bodies, A first magnetic body (424) is integrally formed with a dust core in a manner in which a magnetic barrier is provided therebetween, and is opposed to each first magnetic body with each permanent magnet (422) sandwiched therebetween. Each of the permanent magnetic members (424, 450, 550) provided on the side is provided between the first magnetic body and the opposite magnetic member integrally formed with the third magnetic body. It may be fixed so as to sandwich a magnet.

  As in the thirteenth aspect, the third magnetic body extends from the annular magnetic body portion toward the outer peripheral side between the permanent magnets, and the second magnetic body (428) is extended from the outer peripheral side. It has a fitting part (450b) in which a fitting concave part (454) that can be inserted is formed, and each of the second magnetic bodies (428) is closer to the armature than a portion located between the permanent magnets. In the opposite portion, the second magnetic body is formed wide (428a) in the circumferential direction of the circle around the rotation axis, and the second magnetic bodies are inserted into the fitting recesses from the outer peripheral side. Also good.

  As in the fourteenth aspect, one armature is provided, and the rotor (520) is configured such that each permanent magnet is magnetically short-circuited between the permanent magnets at a portion opposite to the armature. It may further have a back yoke (550) for holding.

  As in the fifteenth aspect, each permanent magnet (422) and each second magnetic body (428) may be partially embedded and held in the back yoke.

  As in the sixteenth aspect, two armatures (30, 40) are provided on both sides of the field element in the rotation axis direction, and the field element (20, 120, 320, 420) You may have each said 1st magnetic body (28,128,328,428) with respect to each of one armature.

  The field element according to the seventeenth aspect is a field element facing the armature (30, 40) in the direction of the rotation axis (18a), magnetized along the direction of the rotation axis, On the other hand, a plurality of permanent magnets (22, 422) arranged around the rotation axis so as to present alternating magnetic poles around the rotation axis, and arranged to cover the armature side of the permanent magnets. The first magnetic body (24, 224, 324, 424) and a plurality of second magnetic bodies (28, 28) provided with a first magnetic barrier between the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies. 128, 328, 428), the first magnetic body is formed of a powder magnetic core, and the second magnetic body is a laminate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis. It is formed of a steel plate.

  According to the axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the first aspect, since the second magnetic body is formed of laminated steel plates laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis, the magnetic permeability in the rotation axis direction is Therefore, the reluctance torque can be effectively utilized. Further, since the first magnetic body is formed of a dust core, the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body can be easily arranged at high density with excellent shape flexibility. As a result, a field element capable of improving the magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be easily manufactured.

  According to the second aspect, since the cross-sectional shape of the second magnetic body is substantially rectangular in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the steel plates having substantially the same shape are stacked in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. Thus, the second magnetic body can be easily manufactured.

  According to the 3rd aspect, the 2nd magnetic body long in a radial direction can be easily formed with a comparatively few steel plate.

  According to the 4th aspect, the magnetic permeability with respect to the magnetic flux which has a circumferential direction component can be made high, and a reluctance torque can be improved more.

  According to the 5th aspect, while providing a magnetic barrier between each permanent magnet, each said 1st magnetic body, and each said 2nd magnetic body, those installation areas can be enlarged.

  According to the 6th aspect, since it becomes easy to be magnetized by the magnetic flux along a rotating shaft direction, a reluctance torque can be improved more.

  According to a seventh aspect, the first magnetic body includes a first magnetic body main body that covers the armature side surface of the permanent magnet and an opposite magnetic body portion that covers the opposite surface. Since each permanent magnet is integrated via a first magnetic body side portion that covers the surface facing each second magnetic body, the dimensional error of each permanent magnet can be absorbed by the first magnetic body. it can. Further, since the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body side part is smaller than the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body main body part, a magnetic short circuit between the first magnetic body body part and the opposite magnetic body part. Can be prevented.

  According to the eighth aspect, the degree of adhesion between the permanent magnet and the first magnetic body can be increased to reduce the magnetic resistance, and the dimensional error of each permanent magnet can be more absorbed by the first magnetic body. .

  According to the 9th aspect, a 1st magnetic body and a permanent magnet can be integrated with an adhesive agent.

  According to the tenth aspect, each of the permanent magnets, each of the first magnetic bodies, and each of the second magnetic bodies can be fixed and held at a predetermined location by the nonmagnetic body holder.

  According to the 11th aspect, it can hold | maintain easily by inserting each said 2nd magnetic body into each said fitting recessed part from the outer peripheral side. In addition, the pair of non-magnetic divided holders can be held in a superposed manner at the wide portion of each second magnetic body.

  According to the twelfth aspect, the permanent magnets can be fixed so as to be sandwiched between the first magnetic body and the opposite magnetic member formed integrally with the third magnetic body. And a 2nd magnetic body can be arrange | positioned between each permanent magnet by inserting a 2nd magnetic body in the fitting recessed part of each 2nd magnetic body holding | maintenance part.

  According to the thirteenth aspect, each of the second magnetic bodies can be easily held by being inserted into each of the fitting recesses from the outer peripheral side.

  According to the fourteenth aspect, each permanent magnet and the second magnetic body can be held by the back yoke while presenting the magnetic pole on one side of the rotor.

  According to the fifteenth aspect, the magnetic flux can be exchanged smoothly between the permanent magnets and the second magnetic bodies and the back yoke, and these can be held firmly.

  According to the sixteenth aspect, the two armatures can be rotated while reducing the thrust force acting on the field element.

  According to the field element according to the seventeenth aspect, since the second magnetic body is formed of laminated steel plates laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis, the magnetic permeability in the rotation axis direction is increased. Therefore, the reluctance torque can be effectively used. Further, since the first magnetic body is formed of a dust core, the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body can be easily arranged at high density with excellent shape flexibility. As a result, a field element capable of improving the magnet torque and the reluctance torque can be easily manufactured.

{First embodiment}
Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall configuration of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a field element.

  The axial gap type rotating electric machine 10 includes one field element 20 and two armatures 30 and 40. The field element 20 is formed in a substantially disk shape, and the two armatures are also formed in a substantially disk shape. The two armatures 30 and 40 are arranged on both sides of the field element 20 and generate a magnetic field to rotate the field element 20.

  Each part will be described in more detail.

  The armatures 30 and 40 are disposed on both sides of the field element 20 in the direction of the rotation axis 18a so as to face the field element 20 with a gap (here, a slight gap) therebetween. . These armatures 30 and 40 are fixed to a casing (not shown) or the like, and function as a stator in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The armature 30 includes a back yoke core 32, a plurality of (here, twelve) teeth 34, and a winding 36 wound around each tooth 34.

  The back yoke core 32 has a substantially disk shape and is fixed to a casing or the like (not shown). The plurality of teeth 34 are disposed on the surface of the back yoke core 32 on the field element 20 side with a substantially annular space around the rotation shaft 18a. In addition, one winding 36 is attached to each of the teeth 34. That is, the armature 30 is provided with the winding 36 in a so-called concentrated winding form. Also, here, three sets of three-phase windings 36 of U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase are provided in this order around the rotation axis 18a, and rotate with respect to the eight magnetic poles of the field element 20. A magnetic field is generated to rotate the field element 20.

  The armature 40 has the same configuration as the armature 30 and includes a back yoke core 42, a plurality of teeth 44, and a winding 46 wound around each tooth 44.

  In addition, the structure of the said armatures 30 and 40 is an example, and is not limited above. For example, the windings 36 and 46 may be distributed winding or wave winding.

  The field element 20 is rotatably disposed around a predetermined rotation shaft 18a via a shaft (both not shown) that is rotatably supported by bearings, and both armatures 30 in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. It faces 40 with a gap. That is, the field element 20 functions as a rotor in the rotary electric machine 10.

  The field element 20 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 22, a plurality of first magnetic bodies 24, and a plurality of second magnetic bodies 28.

  Each permanent magnet 22 is arranged around the rotation shaft 18a with a space therebetween. More specifically, each permanent magnet 22 is formed in an arc-like and strip-like plate shape extending along the circumferential direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a, and the rotation shaft 18a is spaced from each other. Is arranged in an annular shape centering on the center. Each permanent magnet 22 is magnetized along the direction along the rotation axis 18a, that is, along the thickness direction of the permanent magnet 22, and exhibits N-pole or S-pole magnetic poles on both sides thereof. These permanent magnets 22 are arranged so as to exhibit annular and alternating magnetic poles around the rotating shaft 18a, and exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotating shaft 18a with respect to both armatures 30 and 40, respectively. Here, the number of permanent magnets 22 is eight, and the field element 20 has eight magnetic poles.

  Moreover, the 1st magnetic body 24 is each provided in the magnetic pole surface (namely, both surfaces in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a) which opposes both armatures 30 and 40 among each permanent magnet 22. FIG. In other words, each permanent magnet 22 is sandwiched between the two first magnetic bodies 24 from both sides along the rotation shaft 18a. The permanent magnet 22 and the first magnetic body 24 are integrated by bonding with, for example, an adhesive. Each of the first magnetic bodies 24 is made of a soft magnetic material, and is an arc-shaped and belt-shaped plane that is substantially the same shape and the same size as the permanent magnet 22 in a plane that is substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. It is formed in the plate-shaped member which has a visual shape. The first magnetic body 24 is disposed in close contact with both surfaces of the permanent magnet 22 and covers the armature 30 and 40 side surfaces of each permanent magnet 22. The first magnetic body 24 reduces the influence of the demagnetizing field acting on each permanent magnet 22 when the demagnetizing field acts on the permanent magnet 22 by the external magnetic field of the excited armatures 30, 40. The permanent magnet 22 is prevented from demagnetizing. It also has a role of reducing eddy currents due to the harmonic magnetic flux in the permanent magnet 22.

  The first magnetic body 24 is formed of a dust core, particularly an iron-based dust core.

  Each of the second magnetic bodies 28 is provided with a first magnetic barrier between each permanent magnet 22 and each of the first magnetic bodies 24 provided corresponding thereto around the rotation axis 18a. Each of the second magnetic bodies 28 is disposed on the q axis that is substantially orthogonal to the d axis by an electrical angle, where the magnetic pole center of each permanent magnet 22 is the d axis. Each of these second magnetic bodies 28 magnetically shorts the two armatures 30 and 40 so that the q-axis inductance is larger than the d-axis inductance. Then, the reluctance torque can be used together with the magnet torque by controlling the current in phase with respect to the q axis.

  The second magnetic body 28 is formed of a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. More specifically, the second magnetic body 28 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape whose cross-sectional shape is a substantially rectangular shape on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Such a second magnetic body 28 is formed by laminating steel plates punched into a substantially rectangular shape in the radial direction of a circle centered on the rotating shaft 18a (see FIG. 2).

  The steel plate constituting the second magnetic body 28 is preferably a directional electromagnetic steel plate having an easy magnetization axis in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the rotation axis 18a. Thereby, since it becomes easy to be magnetized by the magnetic flux along the rotating shaft 18a direction by the said armatures 30 and 40, reluctance torque can be improved more. Moreover, even if it is a case where what was manufactured as a non-oriented electrical steel plate is used as the steel plate which comprises the 2nd magnetic body 28, it is preferable to make the rolling direction substantially parallel to the rotating shaft 18a direction. This is because even non-oriented electrical steel sheets have the best magnetic properties in the rolling direction.

  The first magnetic barrier means an element that magnetically separates the second magnetic body 28 from each permanent magnet 22 and each first magnetic body 24 provided corresponding thereto. Here, the gap provided between the two is used as the first magnetic barrier. In particular, here, the permanent magnet 22 and the surface of the first magnetic body 24 provided corresponding to the permanent magnet 22 that faces the second magnetic body 28, and the permanent magnet 22 of the second magnetic body 28 and the surface thereof. A surface facing the corresponding first magnetic body 24 is substantially parallel to each other, and a gap having a uniform width along the radial direction is provided as a first magnetic barrier therebetween. The width of the gap is set to a minimum width that can substantially magnetically separate the two. By adopting this configuration as the first magnetic barrier, it is possible to arrange the magnetic path and the permanent magnet 22 with maximum volume efficiency while achieving the magnetic separation.

  Incidentally, in the configuration in which the second magnetic body 28 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and a uniform gap is provided along the radial direction as the first magnetic barrier, the first magnetic body in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. The cross-sectional shape of 24 is substantially a fan shape. If it does so, when the magnetic flux direction etc. are considered, it will become difficult to form the said 1st magnetic body 24 with a laminated steel plate. Therefore, it can be said that the first magnetic body 24 is suitably formed of a dust core as described above.

  As described above, the permanent magnet 22 and the first magnetic body 24 that are integrated in an overlapped manner and the second magnetic body 28 are, for example, non-magnetic in which holes, recesses, or the like into which they can be fitted are formed. By being housed and fixed in a body holder (not shown), it is fixed at a fixed position. Further, by fixing and holding the shaft on the inner peripheral portion of such a non-magnetic holder, it rotates integrally with the shaft.

  In this axial gap type rotating electrical machine 10, when a three-phase alternating current is passed through the windings 36 and 46, the teeth 34 and 44 around which the windings 36 and 46 are wound correspond to the current flowing through the windings 36 and 46. A rotating magnetic field is generated, and the field element 20 can be rotated by the rotating magnetic field generated by these two armatures 30 and 40. Thereby, the thrust force acting on the field element is canceled by the two armatures.

  At this time, when the second magnetic body 28 is excited by the current flowing through the windings 36 and 46 of the armatures 30 and 40 without assisting the magnetic flux by the permanent magnet, the second magnetic body 28 is laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotating shaft 18a. Since the laminated steel plate is formed, the magnetic permeability in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a is increased, so that the reluctance torque can be effectively utilized. Further, since the first magnetic body 24 is assisted by the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 22, there is no particular problem even if it is formed of a dust core. Therefore, by forming the first magnetic body 24 with a dust core having a relatively high degree of freedom in shape, the first magnetic body 24 and the second magnetic body 28 can be easily arranged with high density and high efficiency. Also, the magnet torque can be improved. Thereby, the field element 20 which can make a magnet torque and a reluctance torque bidirectionally increase can be manufactured easily.

  In particular, when the cross-sectional shape of the second magnetic body 28 is substantially rectangular on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a, the rotation shaft can be obtained by laminating substantially identical steel plates in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. The second magnetic body 28 having a high magnetic permeability in the 18a direction can be easily manufactured.

  Further, the magnetic flux passing direction by the armatures 30 and 40 mainly has a rotation shaft 18a direction component and a partial circumferential direction component. Therefore, the second magnetic body 28 is a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in the radial direction of the circle centered on the rotating shaft 18a, so that the permeability with respect to the magnetic flux by the armatures 30 and 40 is increased and the reluctance torque is increased. Can be further improved.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a modification of the field element. In the field element 120 according to this modification, a second magnetic body 128 is used instead of the second magnetic body 28. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same component as the above-mentioned field element 20, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The outer shape of the second magnetic body 128 is the same as that of the second magnetic body 28 except that the steel plates are stacked in a direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction of the circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a. The second magnetic body 128 is formed of a steel plate. This is because the magnetic flux passing direction by the armatures 30 and 40 has almost the component in the actual rotation axis direction.

  The second magnetic body 128 has an advantage that the second magnetic body 128 that is long in the radial direction can be easily formed with a relatively small number of steel plates.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing a modification of the first magnetic body. FIG. 4 conceptually shows the cross-sectional shapes of the permanent magnet 22 and the first magnetic body 224 in the circumferential direction of a circle centered on the rotation shaft 18a.

  In this modification, the first magnetic body 224 includes a first magnetic body main body 224a that covers the surface of the permanent magnet 22 on the armature 30 side, and a first magnetic body main body 224b that covers the surface on the opposite side. The permanent magnet 22 is integrated through a first magnetic body side portion 224c that covers a surface facing the second magnetic body 28. In addition, the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body side part 224c is smaller than the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body main body parts 224a and 224b, and is particularly small enough to be easily magnetically saturated.

  If one of the two first magnetic body portions 224a and 224b is regarded as the first magnetic body portion, the other can be regarded as the opposite magnetic body portion on the opposite side. That is, when the armatures 30 and 40 exist on both sides of the field element 20, the first magnetic body main body that can function as the first magnetic body 24 exists on both surfaces of the permanent magnet 22.

  In this modification, a dimensional error, particularly a thickness dimensional error, of each permanent magnet 22 can be absorbed by the first magnetic body 224 including the first magnetic body main body portions 224a and 224b and the first magnetic body side portions 224c. . Further, since the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body side portion 224c is sufficiently smaller than the thickness dimension of the first magnetic body main body portions 224a and 224b, the first magnetic body main body portions 224a and 224b on both sides of the permanent magnet 22 are disposed. Can prevent magnetic short circuit.

  For example, in the modification, the first magnetic body 224 including the first magnetic body main body portions 224a and 224b and the first magnetic body side portions 224c is molded with the permanent magnet 22 disposed in the mold. It can be manufactured by (insert molding).

  With this manufacturing method, the degree of adhesion between the permanent magnet 22 and the first magnetic body 224 can be increased to reduce the magnetic resistance, and the dimensional error of each permanent magnet 22 can be more effectively absorbed by the first magnetic body 224. In addition, the gap accuracy can be increased.

  Moreover, the said modification is the aspect containing the recessed part or hole part shape for permanent magnet 22 insertion, for example, and the 1st magnetic body 224 containing the 1st magnetic body main-body parts 224a and 224b and the 1st magnetic body side part 224c. Can be manufactured by inserting the permanent magnet 22 into the recess or hole. Even in this case, the dimensional error of each permanent magnet 22 can be more effectively absorbed by the first magnetic body 224, and the effect of increasing the gap accuracy can be obtained.

  Here, it is assumed that the armatures 30 and 40 exist in both of the field elements 20, but the armature 30 or 40 may exist only on one side of the field element 20. In this case, it suffices if the first magnetic body main body portion that can function as the first magnetic body 24 exists on one surface of the permanent magnet 22, and cannot function as the first magnetic body 24 on the other surface of the permanent magnet 22. A magnetic body (for example, a magnetic body that functions as a back yoke) may exist as the opposite magnetic body portion.

{Second Embodiment}
A field element and an axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a field element according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 6 to 9 are explanatory views showing manufacturing steps of the field element. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component similar to the said embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 22, the first magnetic body 324 corresponding to the first magnetic body 24, and the second magnetic body 328 corresponding to the second magnetic body 28 are placed at predetermined positions by the nonmagnetic body holder 350. The form fixed and held will be described.

  That is, the field element 320 includes a pair of non-magnetic body holders 352 that fix each permanent magnet 22 and the first magnetic body 324 so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a. have.

  The non-magnetic divided holder 352 has a plurality of fixed frame portions 353 surrounding the first magnetic bodies 324 on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. Each fixed frame portion 353 is connected and fixed in an annular arrangement form via an annular portion 354 provided inside thereof. In each fixed frame portion 353, inclined surfaces 353a that are inclined inward toward the armatures 30 and 40 are formed on the inner surfaces of both end portions in the circumferential direction. Further, both end portions in the circumferential direction of the first magnetic body 324 have inclined surfaces 324a that are inclined inward toward the armatures 30 and 40 side. When the pair of non-magnetic material split holders 352 are overlapped with each other and the first magnetic material 324 is overlapped on both surfaces of the permanent magnet 22, the first magnetic material 324 is disposed between the fixed frame portions 353. Both inclined surfaces 324a of the magnetic body 324 abut on the inclined surfaces 353a of the respective fixed frame portions 353, and each first magnetic body 324 is held in a predetermined position between the both fixed frame portions 353. (See FIGS. 8 and 9).

  The second magnetic body 328 has an elongated shape along the substantially radial direction of the field element 320, and the cross-sectional shape in the direction substantially perpendicular to the radial direction is the same in the radial direction. Further, the second magnetic body 328 is a portion (that is, the rotating shaft 18 a) that is closer to and faces the armatures 30 and 40 than a portion (that is, an intermediate portion in the direction of the rotating shaft 18 a) located between the permanent magnets 22. Both ends in the direction), and a wide portion 328a formed wide in the circumferential direction of the field element 320. That is, the second magnetic body 328 has an “I” shape when viewed along the radial direction of the field element 320. Such a second magnetic body 328 can be formed by, for example, stacking steel plates punched into an “I” shape in the radial direction of the field element 320.

  On the other hand, groove portions 353b into which the wide portions 328a of the second magnetic body 328 can be inserted along the radial direction are formed on the outer surfaces of both end portions in the circumferential direction of each fixed frame portion 353. A fitting hole 354 is formed between the fixed frame portions 353, that is, between the respective permanent magnets 22, into which the second magnetic body 328 can be inserted from the outer peripheral side. Then, when the second magnetic body 328 is inserted into each fitting hole 354 from the outer peripheral side, the wide portions 328a on the armatures 30 and 40 side of the second magnetic body 328 are connected to the pair of non-magnetic body split holders 352. It fits in each groove part 353b, and a pair of nonmagnetic body division | segmentation holder 352 is hold | maintained in the overlapping state (refer FIG.8 and FIG.9).

  In addition, with the second magnetic body 328 inserted as described above, the ring member 356 formed of a non-magnetic body is fitted around the outer periphery of the pair of non-magnetic body split holders 352. By this ring member 356, the second magnetic body 328 is fixedly held in the inserted state.

  As a result, each permanent magnet 22, each first magnetic body 324, and each second magnetic body 328 can be easily held without using an adhesive or a bolt, and the field element 320 can be easily manufactured. it can.

  The ring member 356 is rounded or bent so as to extend toward the center at both end edges in the direction of the rotating shaft 18a, and the edge part 356a is formed, and the edge part 356a is paired with a pair of nonmagnetic divided holders. It is preferable to engage with the edge of 352 and position in the direction of the rotary shaft 18a. Thereby, the ring member 356 can be prevented from coming off. At this time, the edge portion 356a is not opposed to the teeth 34, 44, and the portion of the field element 320 excluding the edge portion 356a is opposed to the teeth 34, 44 of the armatures 30, 40. Good. Thereby, the gap between the field element 320 and the armatures 30 and 40 can be made as small as possible.

{Third embodiment}
A field element and an axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view showing the overall configuration of the same axial gap type rotating electrical machine, FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a field element of the same axial gap type rotating electrical machine, and FIGS. It is explanatory drawing which shows this manufacturing process. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component similar to the said embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The axial gap type rotating electric machine 410 includes a field element 420 described below in place of the field element 20 in the first embodiment.

  The field element 420 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 422, a plurality of first magnetic bodies 424, a plurality of second magnetic bodies 428, and a third magnetic body 450.

  Each permanent magnet 422 has the same configuration as the permanent magnet 22. Each first magnetic body 424 is formed as a plate-like member that is larger (one size larger) than the permanent magnet 422 in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 18a. A positioning recess 424a into which the permanent magnet 422 can be fitted is formed on the inner surface of the first magnetic body 424. With the upper and lower surfaces of the permanent magnet 422 fitted into the positioning recess 424a, the permanent magnet 422 is inserted. Is configured to be sandwiched between the pair of first magnetic bodies 424.

  Further, like the second magnetic body 328 in the second embodiment, the second magnetic body 428 is a portion facing the armatures 30 and 40 rather than a portion located between the permanent magnets 422, and is centered on the rotation shaft 18a. It is formed in a shape having a wide portion 428a that is wide in the circumferential direction of the circle.

  The third magnetic body 450 has an annular magnetic body portion 450 a and a fitting portion 450 b, and here, two are provided corresponding to both armatures 30 and 40.

  The annular magnetic body portion 450a is provided on the inner peripheral portion of each of the first magnetic bodies 424, and the fitting portion 450b extends from the outer peripheral portion of the annular magnetic body portion 450a toward the outer peripheral side between the permanent magnets 22. It is provided to extend.

  The third magnetic body 450 and each of the first magnetic bodies 424 are integrally formed with a dust core in such a manner that a magnetic barrier is provided between them. Here, the magnetic barrier means an element that magnetically separates the third magnetic body 450 and the first magnetic bodies 424. Here, a gap is provided between the third magnetic body 450 and each of the first magnetic bodies 424, and these are connected by a connecting portion 452a having a sufficiently small cross-sectional area to the extent that magnetic saturation is easy, so that the magnetic barrier is reduced. Provided.

  The fitting portion 450b has a fitting recess 454 into which the wide portion 428a of the second magnetic body 428 can be inserted along its radial direction. When the second magnetic body 428 is inserted into the fitting portion 450b, the second magnetic body 428 is magnetically coupled to the third magnetic body 450 through the fitting portion 450b. The second magnetic body 428 is a magnetic body related to the generation of reluctance torque, has no particular polarity, and there is no particular problem even if it is short-circuited at the inner periphery.

  Then, when the second magnetic body 428 is inserted into each fitting recess 454 from the outer peripheral side with the permanent magnet 422 sandwiched between the first magnetic bodies 424 facing both armatures 30 and 40, Of the two magnetic bodies 428, the wide portions 428a on the armatures 30 and 40 side fit into the respective fitting recesses 454 of the pair of third magnetic bodies 450, and the third magnetic body 450 together with the first magnetic bodies 424. It is held in a superposed state (see FIG. 11 etc.). Thereby, the field element 420 is manufactured.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, thereafter, ring members 456 made of a non-magnetic material are provided around the outer periphery of each first magnetic body 424 and each second magnetic body 428, as in the second embodiment. It is good to fit outside. By the ring member 456, the second magnetic body 428 is fixed and held in the inserted state. At this time, in the same manner as described in the second embodiment, the ring member 456 may be formed with edges extending toward the center side at both end edges to prevent the ring member 456 from coming off. At this time, the gap between the field element 420 and the armatures 30 and 40 can be made as small as possible by preventing the edges from facing the teeth 34 and 44.

  In the field element 420 configured as described above, each permanent magnet 422, each first magnetic body 424, and each second magnetic body without using an adhesive or the like and minimizing a member that does not become a magnetic path. The field element 420 can be easily manufactured by holding 428 easily.

  In particular, the above holding structure can be easily realized by inserting the second magnetic body 428 into each fitting recess 454 from the outer peripheral side. The field element can be fixed in a known manner, for example, by molding the entire field element in addition to externally fitting the ring member.

  In the above description of the present embodiment, since a configuration including the two armatures 30 and 40 is assumed, the first magnetic body 424 and the third magnetic body 450 are provided for each. In this case, when viewed from any one of the first magnetic bodies 424, the first magnetic body 424 provided on the opposite side across the permanent magnet 22 can be regarded as an opposite-side magnetic body member.

{Fourth embodiment}
A field element and an axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to a fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a field element of the axial gap type rotating electric machine, and FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing the field element. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component similar to what was demonstrated in said each embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  This axial gap type rotating electric machine is configured to include only one armature (see the armature 30 or 40), and the field element 520 is configured to face the armature only on one surface side thereof. .

  That is, the field element 520 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 422, a plurality of first magnetic bodies 424 and third magnetic bodies 450 provided on the side facing the armature, a second magnetic body 428, and the opposite of the armature. And a back yoke portion 550 as an opposite magnetic body portion provided on the side.

  The first magnetic body 424 and the third magnetic body 450 have the same configuration as that described in the third embodiment.

  The second magnetic body 428 has the same configuration as that described in the third embodiment, and is disposed between the permanent magnets 422.

  The back yoke portion 550 is formed in a substantially disk shape that covers substantially the entire surface of the field element 520 opposite to the armature by a soft magnetic material, and each permanent magnet 422 with respect to each first magnetic body 424. It is provided on the opposite side across. In other words, unlike the first magnetic bodies 424, the back yoke portion 550 is not provided with a magnetic barrier.

  A portion of the back yoke 550 where the permanent magnets 422 are disposed is formed with a recess 550a that can be disposed so as to partially embed the permanent magnets 422. The concave portion 550a may have a sufficiently deep depth to hold the permanent magnet 422, or may have a relatively shallow depth to simply position the permanent magnet 422. In either case, it can be said that each permanent magnet 422 is held while the second magnetic body 428 is magnetically short-circuited on the side opposite to the armature.

  Further, the portion of the back yoke portion 550 where the second magnetic bodies 428 are disposed, that is, the portion where the permanent magnets 422 are disposed extends along the radial direction of the back yoke portion 550. A groove-like fitting recess 552 is formed. The fitting recess 552 has a groove shape having substantially the same cross-sectional shape along the radial direction, and is formed wide at the back in the direction of the rotation shaft 18a and narrow at the opening. When the portion in the vicinity of the wide portion 428a of the second magnetic body 428 is inserted into the fitting recess 552 along the radial direction of the back yoke portion 550, the second magnetic body 428 moves from the back yoke portion 550 in the direction of the rotation axis 18a. It is held in an embedded shape so as not to come out along.

  Then, in a state where the permanent magnet 422 is sandwiched between the first magnetic body 424 facing the both armatures and the concave portion 550a portion of the back yoke portion 550, each fitting concave portion 454 and each fitting concave portion 552 have its When the second magnetic body 428 is inserted from the outer peripheral side, the first magnetic body 424 and the third magnetic body 450 and the back yoke portion 550 are held in an overlapped state (see FIG. 11 and the like). Thereby, the field element 520 is manufactured.

  Thereafter, similarly to the above, a ring member made of a non-magnetic material may be externally fitted around the first magnetic body 424, the second magnetic body 428, and the back yoke portion 550.

  In the field element 420 configured as described above, each permanent magnet 422 does not use an adhesive or the like and minimizes a member that does not become a magnetic path, even if the field element 420 includes one armature. The first magnetic body 424, the second magnetic body 428, and the back yoke portion 550 can be easily held, and the field element 520 can be easily manufactured.

  In particular, the above holding structure can be easily realized by inserting the second magnetic body 428 into each of the fitting recesses 454 and the fitting recesses 552 from the outer peripheral side thereof.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the structure provided with only one armature on the assumption of the said 3rd Embodiment, even if it presupposes 1st and 2nd embodiment, only one armature is provided. It can be configured. In this case, on the side opposite to the armature, the first magnetic body may be omitted, and a back yoke portion that magnetically connects the permanent magnets may be provided. At this time, the same is true even if there are two field elements on both sides of the armature.

{Modifications}
Note that any of the above-described configurations can be appropriately combined as long as they do not conflict with each other.

  In the above description, the field element is a rotor and the armature is a stator. However, the field element may be a stator and the armature may be a stator. That is, the field element may be rotated relative to the armature.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the whole structure of the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the field element in an axial gap type rotary electric machine same as the above. It is a figure which shows the modification of a field element. It is a figure which shows the modification of a 1st magnetic body. It is a perspective view which shows the field element which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the whole structure of the axial gap type rotary electric machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the field element of an axial gap type rotary electric machine same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of a field element same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the field element which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a field element same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

10, 410 Axial gap type rotating electrical machine 20, 120, 320, 420, 520 Field element 22, 422 Permanent magnet 24, 224, 324, 424 First magnetic body 28, 128, 328, 428 Second magnetic body 30, 40 Armature 224a, 224b First magnetic body main body (opposite magnetic body)
224c 1st magnetic body side part 328a, 428a Wide part 353 Fixed frame part 354 Fitting hole 356 Ring member 424a Positioning recessed part 450 3rd magnetic body 450a Annular magnetic body part 450b Fitting part 452a Connection part 454 Fitting recessed part 550 Back yoke Part 552 Fitting recess

Claims (17)

Armature (30, 40),
A field element (20, 120, 320, 420, 520) which is rotatable relative to the armature around a rotation axis (18a) and which faces the armature in the rotation axis direction;
With
The field element is
A plurality of permanent magnets (22, 422) magnetized along the direction of the rotation axis and arranged around the rotation axis so as to exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotation axis with respect to the armature;
A first magnetic body (24, 224, 324, 424) disposed to cover the armature side of each of the permanent magnets;
A plurality of second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) provided with a first magnetic barrier between the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies;
Have
The first magnetic body is formed of a dust core,
The second magnetic body is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine formed of a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a cross-sectional shape of each of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) is substantially rectangular on a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
Each said 2nd magnetic body (128) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine formed with the laminated steel plate with which the steel plate was laminated | stacked in the direction substantially orthogonal to the radial direction of the circle | round | yen centering on the said rotating shaft. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2,
Each said 2nd magnetic body (28) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine formed with the laminated steel plate with which the steel plate was laminated | stacked on the radial direction of the circle centering on the said rotating shaft. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-4,
Of each said permanent magnet (22,422) and each said 1st magnetic body (24,224,324,424), the surface facing each said 2nd magnetic body, and each said 2nd magnetic body (28, 128, 328, 428) of the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the surfaces facing the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies are substantially parallel. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Each of the second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine formed of a directional electrical steel sheet having an easy magnetization axis in a direction substantially parallel to the rotation axis direction. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-6,
Each of the first magnetic bodies (224) includes a first magnetic body portion (224a, 224b) that covers the armature side surface of the permanent magnet and an opposite magnetic body portion (224b) that covers the opposite surface. 224a) is integrated through a first magnetic body side portion (224c) that covers a surface of the permanent magnet that faces each of the second magnetic bodies,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a thickness dimension of the first magnetic body side portion is smaller than a thickness dimension of the first magnetic body main body section. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 7,
Each said 1st magnetic body (224) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine shape | molded in the state which has arrange | positioned the said permanent magnet in a metal mold | die. It is an axial gap type rotary electric machine in any one of Claims 1-6,
Each said 1st magnetic body (24,324,424) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine adhere | attached on the said permanent magnet with the adhesive agent. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the permanent magnets (22), the first magnetic bodies (324), and the second magnetic bodies (328) are fixed to a non-magnetic holder (350). An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 10,
The nonmagnetic holder (350) includes a pair of nonmagnetic split holders (352) for fixing the permanent magnets (22) and the first magnetic bodies (324) so as to be sandwiched from both sides in the rotation axis direction. )
Each of the second magnetic bodies (328) is wider in the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotation axis (358a) at a portion facing and closer to the armature than a portion located between the permanent magnets. Is formed,
A fitting recess (354) into which the second magnetic body can be inserted from the outer peripheral side is formed between the permanent magnets of the pair of nonmagnetic split holders, and the second magnetic bodies are fitted to the fittings. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine inserted into the concavity from its outer peripheral side. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A third magnetic body (450) having an annular magnetic body portion (450a) provided on the inner periphery of each of the first magnetic bodies;
The third magnetic body and each of the first magnetic bodies (424) are integrally formed with a dust core in a manner in which a magnetic barrier is provided therebetween,
Further comprising opposite magnetic member (424, 450, 550) provided on the opposite side across each permanent magnet (422) with respect to each first magnetic body,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine, wherein the permanent magnets are fixed so as to be sandwiched between the first magnetic body and the opposite magnetic body member integrally formed with the third magnetic body. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 12,
The third magnetic body is
Fitting formed with a fitting recess (454) that extends from the annular magnetic body portion toward the outer peripheral side between the permanent magnets and into which the second magnetic body (428) can be inserted from the outer peripheral side. Part (450b),
Each of the second magnetic bodies (428) is wider in the circumferential direction of the circle centering on the rotation axis (428a) at a portion facing and closer to the armature than a portion located between the permanent magnets. Is formed,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which each of the second magnetic bodies is inserted into each of the fitting recesses from the outer peripheral side. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
One armature,
The rotor (520) further includes a back yoke (550) that holds the permanent magnets while magnetically short-circuiting the permanent magnets at a portion opposite to the armature. Electric. The axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to claim 14,
An axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which each permanent magnet (422) and each second magnetic body (428) are partially embedded and held in the back yoke. An axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
Two armatures (30, 40) are provided on both sides of the field element in the rotation axis direction,
The field element (20, 120, 320, 420) is an axial gap type rotating electric machine having the first magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) for the two armatures. A field element facing the armature (30, 40) in the direction of the rotation axis (18a),
A plurality of permanent magnets (22, 422) magnetized along the direction of the rotation axis and arranged around the rotation axis so as to exhibit alternating magnetic poles around the rotation axis with respect to the armature;
A first magnetic body (24, 224, 324, 424) disposed to cover the armature side of each of the permanent magnets;
A plurality of second magnetic bodies (28, 128, 328, 428) provided with a first magnetic barrier between the permanent magnets and the first magnetic bodies;
Have
The first magnetic body is formed of a dust core,
The second magnetic body is a field element (20, 120, 320, 420, 520) formed of a laminated steel plate in which steel plates are laminated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis.

Images