JP2008231749A - Cleaning device for tunnel dust and exhaust gas - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To substantially eliminate the need of the maintenances such as the cleaning and replacement of filters and enhance dust collecting efficiency by reducing the velocity and streamlining the flow of polluted air in a cleaning device for tunnel dust which removes dust by water spray and the filter. <P>SOLUTION: An air inlet 2a is formed at the one end upper part of a generally rectangular parallelepiped casing body 2, and an air outlet 2b is formed at the opposed other end upper part. A partition wall 3 having a lower portion in which a flow passage is formed is installed in the casing body 2. A first space 4 is formed on the air inlet side, and a second space is formed on the air outlet side. A flow passage in which the air flowing into the air inlet 2a lowers in the first space 4, passes through a flow passage on the lower end side of the partition wall 3, and rises through the second space 5 is formed. The filters 6, 7 of multiple stages are disposed at the intermediate stage portion of the first space 4 at an interval in the vertical direction. A spraying facility 8 for spraying downward is disposed on the upper side of each of the filters 6, 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning device for removing dust and exhaust gas from contaminated air in a tunnel for cleaning.

  In excavation of mountain tunnels, blasting, exhaust gas from TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) and various tunnel construction machines will cause a lot of dust and exhaust gas to float in the mine. Underground ventilation is carried out to ensure it. In the mine ventilation, a wind pipe is installed in the mine, a blower is attached, and polluted air in the mine is discharged to the outside of the mine. Dust and exhaust gas are collected and cleaned.

  As the dust collector, conventionally, a filter-type dust collector that filters and collects dust and the like by a dry filter and removes the dust and a large number of electrode plates charged by corona discharge are passed, and the dust and the like are passed through the electrode plate by electrostatic force. Electronic dust collectors and the like that are collected in the past have been used more than ever.

  However, the filter-type dust collector has a problem that the filter is clogged with dust, so the filter must be frequently replaced, maintenance is complicated, and costs are increased. The dust collector has problems such as a low dust collection rate in a region having a large particle size and a high equipment cost.

  In recent years, in order to solve these problems, in Patent Document 1 below, a water storage tank in which water of a predetermined water level is stored is partitioned into a purification chamber and an exhaust chamber by attaching a filter, A suction duct that is bent by approximately 90 ° is connected, a suction fan is provided in the suction duct, an exhaust duct that is bent by approximately 90 ° is provided at the upper part of the exhaust chamber, and the exhaust port is opposite to the intake port of the suction duct. Connected to the direction of the tank, a transparent detector tube is provided outside the water tank to detect the turbidity and water level of the water inside the water tank, and the inlet of the three-way cock is connected to the discharge port of the pump that sucks the water in the water tank. A port is connected, one of the two outlet ports formed in the three-way cock is connected to a water spray pipe disposed on the water surface of the purification chamber, and the other outlet port is suspended in the water storage tank. Drain pipe for discharging A wet dust collector is proposed in which a large number of nozzles are connected to the watering pipe and the pressurized water from the pump is sprayed upward.

Moreover, in the following Patent Document 2, a dust collector for tunnel mine ventilation that is mounted on a carriage that can travel in a tunnel mine and moves as the tunnel face proceeds to ventilate the tunnel mine, A suction duct that sucks and flows contaminated air into the dust collector from the suction port facing to, an air retention space that communicates with an end of the suction duct and defines a lower portion in the dust collector, and above the air retention space. A plurality of stages arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, a filter group for removing dust by allowing the contaminated air to rise and pass through the air retention space, and piping above each stage of the filter, And a dust removal area having a water spray means for cleaning the surface of each filter and an exhaust port located at the top of the dust collector and facing toward the tunnel wellhead. The airflow velocity of the contaminated air flowing in from the duct is reduced in the air retention space and converted into a static wind pressure, and while passing through the watering means, the filter group is passed upwardly to remove dust and purified from the exhaust port. A dust collector for tunnel mine ventilation that exhausts air has been proposed.
JP 2006-239893 A JP 2005-68950 A

  However, the wet dust collector described in Patent Document 1 injects pressure water upward with respect to the inflowing contaminated air, and after dust is collected by contact with the injection water, it is exhausted through a filter. However, the dust may not be collected sufficiently only by contact with the jet water, and the dust floating in the air may adhere to the filter and cause clogging during the subsequent passage through the filter. Therefore, there is still a need for maintenance of filter cleaning and replacement.

  On the other hand, in the case of the dust collector described in Patent Document 2, since the water is sprayed toward the filter, the filter is simultaneously washed with the jet water, so that problems such as clogging can be solved. However, when performing water spray dust removal, it is important to sufficiently reduce the wind speed and to rectify the air in order to enhance the collection effect by water droplets, but in the case of the dust collector described in Patent Document 2, While the water spray direction and the air flow direction are counterflows, there is a problem that the wind velocity tends to be uneven in the air retention space, and it is difficult to obtain a high dust collection effect due to the occurrence of turbulence.

  Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that it is substantially unnecessary to perform maintenance such as cleaning and replacement of the filter in the cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc., which removes dust by watering and a filter, and can greatly save labor. Another object is to provide a cleaning device with high dust collection efficiency by reducing the wind speed and rectifying the introduced contaminated air.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as the present invention according to claim 1, in a cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc. that removes dust by using a combination of watering and a filter,
An air inflow port is formed at the upper part of the one end face of the substantially upright casing body, and an air discharge port is formed at the upper part of the opposite other end face, and the lower part is formed as a flow path inside the casing body. The partition wall is provided, and a relatively large first space is formed on the air inlet side and a relatively small second space is formed on the air outlet side. A flow path is formed that descends the first space, passes through the lower-end-side flow path of the partition wall, rises the second space, and reaches the air outlet.
A plurality of stages of filters are arranged in the middle part of the first space at intervals of 1 or up and down, and watering equipment for injecting downwards is arranged above at least one filter surface. ,
A cleaning device for tunnel dust / exhaust gas or the like is provided, wherein the bottom surface of the first space serves as a retention portion for dust sludge collected from the air.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the air that has flowed in from the air inlet in the casing body descends the first space, passes through the flow path on the lower end side of the partition wall, and ascends the second space. A flow path to the air discharge port is formed, and a plurality of stages of filters are arranged in the middle part of the first space with an interval in the vertical direction, and water is sprayed on the upper part of at least one or more filter surfaces. Equipment is arranged. That is, in the present invention, in the first space that is substantially the dust removing portion, the wind speed is significantly reduced at the stage where the inflowing air is discharged into the first space that is a large space compared to the flow path area until then. Will be. After that, when flowing as a downward flow, the air flow is rectified by the jet energy of water uniformly injected toward the air flow direction, and the air flow is rectified by a filter installed in one or a plurality of stages. . Moreover, since the airflow direction and the water injection direction are the same direction, the relative speed difference is small, and dust is effectively captured by the injected water droplets. Also, the trapped dust and the like are struck against the filter surface by water jet energy together with water droplets, and the dust that has lost the velocity energy is mixed by the filter and falls so as to be washed away by watering. Further, in the present purification device, the inside of the casing is divided into a first space for dust removal and a second space that serves as a discharge flow path for the purified air, so that the discharged air becomes air in the first space. Rectification is easily achieved without interference.

  On the other hand, in the case of the dust removing device described in Patent Document 1 in which the airflow direction of the air and the spraying direction of the water spray are counterflows, the velocity energy of the airflow and the velocity energy of the jet collide with each other, so Is likely to occur, and the relative speed difference between the water droplet and the dust increases, so that the dust is hardly captured by the water droplet, and the collection effect by the water droplet is reduced. In addition, since the dust removing device has an air supply port and an exhaust port in a single space (air retention space), the air flow in the air retention space is disturbed by the air flow of exhaust air after dust removal, The air flow is likely to be disturbed.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the upper part of the first space is divided into a first diverting wall that divides the space vertically and a rear end part of the first diverting wall. 2. A cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc. according to claim 1, wherein a divided flow path is formed by a second branch wall that changes the flow path in the direction.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the upper part of the first space has a first branch wall that divides the space up and down, and extends from the rear end part of the first branch wall, and passes vertically through the R curved surface part. A divided flow path is formed by a second branch wall that changes the flow path in the direction. Since there is a large air flow velocity difference between the vicinity of the air inlet and the spaced apart portion, drift is likely to occur due to interference between the two. Therefore, the airflow can be easily rectified by dividing the flow path to eliminate mutual interference.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel dust according to any one of the first and second aspects, the filter is made of a filter material in which plastic fibers are molded into a three-dimensional network and the surface opening ratio is 80 to 95%. -A cleaning device for exhaust gas or the like is provided.

  In the invention according to the third aspect, a plastic material is formed into a three-dimensional network, and a filter material having a surface opening ratio of 80 to 95% is used. The use of a filter with a large surface opening ratio and a three-dimensional net shape eliminates clogging, and the dust is washed away by the jet water, so that maintenance is substantially unnecessary or significant labor savings are achieved. It will be able to plan.

  The present invention according to claim 4 is provided with a watering pump for supplying the supernatant water of the dust sludge retention part to the watering equipment. An apparatus is provided.

  In the invention according to the fourth aspect, a watering pump for separating only the supernatant water from the sewage collected in the staying portion of the dust sludge and supplying the watering equipment is provided. That is, the power of the cleaning device is only the watering pump, which can save energy and can contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emission by reducing the amount of electric power.

  As the present invention according to claim 5, the tunnel dust / exhaust gas cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed outside the tunnel mine under construction, and a ventilation wind pipe provided in the tunnel is installed. There is provided a cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc., characterized in that a pit outer end is connected to the air inlet.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the cleaning device according to the present invention is installed outside the tunnel mine, the outside end portion of the ventilation wind pipe provided in the tunnel is connected to the air inlet, and the ventilation air volume is controlled. Clean up the entire amount. This makes it possible to maintain the environment near the tunnel well. Also, in the past, the dust collector had to be moved along with the excavation, but in the case of this device, the fixed installation outside the mine eliminates the time and effort required for the excavation. Significant labor savings can be achieved.

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, maintenance such as cleaning and replacement of the filter is substantially unnecessary or significant labor saving is possible, and dust collection is achieved by reducing the wind speed and rectifying the introduced contaminated air. A highly efficient cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas and the like can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cleaning device 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG.

  This cleaning device 1 removes dust such as tunnel dust and exhaust gas by using a combination of watering and a filter, and forms an air inlet 2a at the upper part of one end face of a substantially vertical casing body 2. In addition, an air discharge port 2b is formed at the upper part of the opposite end surface of the other side, a partition wall 3 having a lower portion as a flow path is provided inside the casing body 2, and is relatively large on the air inlet 2a side. By forming the first space 4 and the relatively small second space 5 on the air discharge port 2b side, the air flowing in from the air inlet 2a descends the first space 4 and the partition wall 3, a flow path is formed which passes through the lower end side flow path 3 and rises up the second space 5 to reach the air outlet 2 b, and is spaced apart in the middle stage portion 4 </ b> B of the first space 4 by 1 or in the vertical direction. When multiple stages of filters 6 and 7 are arranged In addition, sprinkling facilities 8 and 9 for spraying downwards are arranged on the upper part of at least one filter surface, and the bottom of the first space 4 is a stagnation part of dust sludge collected from the air. It is set to 13.

In more detail below,
As shown in FIG. 1, the casing body 2 is made of a steel plate and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. An air inflow port 2a is formed at the upper part of the one end face of the casing body 2, and an air discharge port 2b is formed at the upper part of the opposite end face. The inside of the casing body 2 is provided with a partition wall 3 having a lower portion as a flow path at a position biased toward the air discharge port 2b, and a relatively large first space 4 on the air inlet 2a side, A relatively small second space 5 is formed on the air discharge port 2b side.

  Accordingly, the air flowing in from the air inlet 2a descends the first space 4, passes through the lower end side flow path of the partition wall 3, and rises the second space 5 to reach the air outlet 2b. A road is formed.

  The first space 4 is divided into an upper space 4A, a middle space 4B, and a lower space 4C according to function. The upper space 4A of the first space 4 is a space serving as a contaminated air introduction space, and extends from a first flow dividing wall 12a that divides the space up and down, and a rear end portion of the first flow dividing wall 12a. The divided flow path 12 is formed by the second branch wall 12b that changes the flow path in the vertical direction via the curved surface portion. In the illustrated example, the tip plate of the first flow dividing wall 12a is swingable in the vertical direction, and the upper and lower airflow adjustments are possible, and the second flow dividing wall 12b is It extends to the middle space 4B.

  The middle space 4B of the first space 4 is a space portion that collects dust and exhaust gas that actually floats in the contaminated air and purifies them, and is a one-stage or a plurality of stages at intervals in the vertical direction. In the illustrated example, the filters 6 and 7 are arranged in two upper and lower stages, and at the top of at least one or more filter surfaces, in the illustrated example, the water spray pipes sprayed downward on the upper surfaces of the respective filters 6 and 7. 8, 9 are arranged.

  As the filters 6 and 7, it is desirable to use a filter material in which plastic fibers are molded into a three-dimensional network and the surface opening ratio is 80 to 95%. This filter material is available under the trade name “Hetimaron” [manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd.]. This product is made of plastic fiber of a predetermined thickness in the form of a three-dimensional network in the form of instant noodles before heating, and is formed by heat-sealing the fibers, and has a high surface opening ratio, pressure resistance, and drainage performance It is. The thickness can be adjusted by superimposing it on a plurality of layers, and is desirably about 50 mm to 150 mm, preferably about 70 to 100 mm.

  The filters 6 and 7 are installed so that a porous plate 19 such as expanded metal or punching metal is fixed and placed on the upper surface.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the water spray pipes 8 and 9 are arranged with three horizontal rows of water spray pipes 8 a to 8 c on the upper side of the filter 6, and one water spray pipe 9 is disposed above the filter 7. Has been placed. Of the sprinkling pipes 8a to 8c, the sprinkling pipes 8a and 8c arranged on both sides are dusting sprinkling pipes, and the upper central sprinkling pipe 8b and the lower central sprinkling pipe 9 are for filter cleaning. The water supply to the water spray pipes 8a and 8c is a circulation system, and the supernatant water of the dust sludge accumulated on the lower surface is supplied by the water spray pump 10, and the water spray pipes 8b and 9 are connected to the water spray pipes. Since high-pressure water having a pressure higher than those of 8a and 8c is required, it is supplied by a separately provided high-pressure pump (not shown). The injection pressure from the water spray pipes 8a and 8c is preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 MPa.

  The lower space 4 </ b> C of the first space 4 is a space in which a dust sludge retention part 13 collected from the air is formed on the bottom part and a discharge path for clean air after dust removal. The A filter 14 is disposed in an opening communicating with the second space 5 from the lower space 4C, and a water spray pipe 16 for injecting high-pressure water toward the filter 14 for cleaning is provided on the front side thereof. ing. A water storage pit 15 into which only the supernatant water flows is provided by the overflow wall 11 at the end of the retention portion 13, and water is supplied to the water spray pipes 8 a and 8 c by a water spray pump 10 disposed in the water storage pit 15. Is to be supplied. The dust sludge staying in the staying portion 13 can be discharged from the drain valve 15 provided on the side wall.

  In the cleaning device configured as described above, the air volume of the contaminated air flowing into the upper space 4A is divided into upper and lower portions by the first branch wall 12a, and the left space portion of FIG. 1 is divided by the second branch wall 12b. And the right space part. Here, when the flow path area is expanded at a stretch, the wind speed is decelerated and guided to the middle space 4B. In the middle space 4B, the airflow is rectified by the spray energy of water uniformly sprayed in the airflow direction (downward direction) by watering from the water spray pipes 8a and 8c, and the airflow is rectified by the filter 6. It becomes. Also, dust and exhaust gas are effectively captured by the water droplets. The water droplets capturing the dust and the like are struck against the filter surface by the jetting energy, and the dust that has lost the velocity energy is mixed by the filter 6 and then dropped so as to be washed away by watering. In addition, dust, exhaust gas, and the like that have not been collected by watering are captured by contacting the fiber and adhering to the fiber surface in the process of passing through the three-dimensional network space of the filter 6.

  The space between the upper-stage filter 6 and the lower-stage filter 7 is a rectification space and a deceleration space for the airflow. When the airflow passes through the filter 6, the airflow is further rectified and greatly increased. The wind speed will be decelerated. Then, when passing through the lower filter 7, dust and exhaust gas are secondarily captured, and when reaching the lower space 4 </ b> C, air is guided to the second space 5 side using this space as a flow path. The Thereafter, dust, exhaust gas, and the like are further captured by the filter 14 installed at the boundary portion with the second space 5 and then flow into the second space 5.

The second space 5 serves as an ascending / discharging flow path for the purified air, and dust-removed air is discharged from an air discharge port 2b formed in the upper portion. At this time, the flow path is changed to a detour shape by the filter 17 disposed obliquely upward in the space from the lower end side of the air discharge port 2b and the filter 18 provided on the entire surface of the air discharge port 2b. It is designed to prevent the water on the water from directly spraying outside.
As shown in FIG. 5, the cleaning device 1 described above is fixedly installed outside the tunnel during the tunnel construction, and the outside end portion of the ventilation wind pipe 20 provided in the tunnel is connected to the air. It is desirable to connect to the inflow port 2a and to clean the entire ventilation air volume. In addition, in FIG. 5, the example of the sending / exhaust combined system using the local fan 21 was shown.

[Other examples]
(1) In the above embodiment, the dust-sprinkling water pipes 8a and 8c are installed only on the upper side of the upper filter 6 among the filters 6 and 7 arranged in the upper and lower stages, but the upper part of the lower filter 7 A dust removal water sprinkling pipe may also be arranged on the side to perform water spray dust removal in a two-stage configuration.
(2) In the above embodiment, the cleaning device 1 is installed outside the tunnel mine and the entire ventilation air volume is cleaned. However, the cleaning device 1 is installed in the tunnel mine and the air in the tunnel is It may be used as a cleaning device.
(3) The cleaning device 1 can be diverted to other tunnel construction if it can be divided into a plurality of parts and transported by truck.
(4) In the above embodiment, the filter cleaning water pipes 8b and 9 are provided. However, by making the water spray pressure from the dust removal water pipe variable, the cleaning water pipe can be omitted.

It is a longitudinal section of cleaning device 1 concerning the present invention. It is the II-II arrow directional view of FIG. 2 is a plan view of the cleaning device 1. FIG. It is a watering piping figure of cleaning device 1. FIG. 3 is a tunnel longitudinal sectional view showing a use state of the cleaning device 1.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cleaning apparatus, 2 ... Casing body, 3 ... Partition wall, 4 ... 1st space, 4A ... Upper stage space, 4B ... Middle stage space, 4C ... Lower stage space, 5 ... 2nd space, 6 * 7 * 14 * 17 * 18 ... Filter, 8.9 ... Sprinkling pipe, 10 ... Sprinkling pump, 12 ... Divided flow path, 13 ... Retention part

Claims (5)

In a cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc. that removes dust by using a combination of watering and a filter,
An air inflow port is formed at the upper part of the one end face of the substantially upright casing body, and an air discharge port is formed at the upper part of the opposite other end face, and the lower part is formed as a flow path inside the casing body. The partition wall is provided, and a relatively large first space is formed on the air inlet side and a relatively small second space is formed on the air outlet side. A flow path is formed that descends the first space, passes through the lower-end-side flow path of the partition wall, rises the second space, and reaches the air outlet.
A plurality of stages of filters are arranged in the middle part of the first space at intervals of 1 or up and down, and watering equipment for injecting downwards is arranged above at least one filter surface. ,
A cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc., characterized in that the bottom surface of the first space is a retention part for dust sludge collected from the air.   A first branch wall that divides the space vertically into the upper stage portion of the first space, and a second flow path that extends from the rear end portion of the first branch wall and changes the flow path in the vertical direction via the R curved surface portion. The cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc. according to claim 1, wherein a divided flow path is formed by the flow dividing wall.   The said filter uses the filter material which shape | molds a plastic fiber in the shape of a three-dimensional net | network, and the surface opening rate is 80 to 95%, The cleaning apparatus of tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc. in any one of Claims 1 and 2.   A cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas or the like according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a watering pump that supplies the supernatant water of the dust sludge retention portion to the watering equipment.   The tunnel dust / exhaust gas cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is installed outside the tunnel mine under construction, and the outside end of the ventilation wind pipe provided in the tunnel is connected to the air inlet A cleaning device for tunnel dust, exhaust gas, etc.

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