JPH0842300A - Dust elimination treatment method and dust elimination treatment device in tunnel work - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To miniaturize a device and to make dust into powder in a short period of time to prevent the worsening of the environment around a construction site by sucking dust around a facing with a wind pipe together with the peripheral tunnel air to exhaust the air to the outside of a tunnel, and applying the dust elimination treatment. CONSTITUTION:In the case a large amount of dust occurs in a tunnel, a preparatory exhaust port 21 is closed to supply water to a water tank 39, a water supply pump of a water spraying pipe 47 is driven, and a fan 67 is driven. At that time, the dust is sucked together with the peripheral tunnel air, and it is supplied to a chamber 17 in the outside of the tunnel through the wind pipe 11. In addition, the air as bubble is supplied to the water inside the water tank 39 from an air conveying compression section 25 through a large number of holes 40A of a perforated air supply pipe 40. The dust with large sized particles is mixed with water in the water tank 39 and is eliminated, fine dust is absorbed with a filter 45 on the water and is sprayed, and it is flushed in the water tank 39. Water content of purified air passing through a filter 19 and a water tank sectuib 35 is eliminated with a water elimination plate 57, and it is discharged through a drain pipe 61. In addition, the purified air eliminating water concontent and dust is exhausted in the outside air from a suction duct 63 through an exhaust tower 65.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing dust in tunnel construction, and more specifically, a method for removing dust in tunnel construction capable of reliably removing a large amount of dust generated near a face. And a dust removal processing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For excavation for tunnel construction, an excavation method is selected depending on its scale and geology. After excavation by a rock drill or crushing and rocking by blasting, the crushed rock is carried out by a transport means to the outside of the mine. In the tunnel construction, a lot of dust is generated due to rock drilling and blasting, and harmful gas and exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine are generated.Therefore, always supply fresh outside air so that the environment in the mine does not deteriorate. It is ventilated by the ventilation method according to the scale of. The worker protects the work environment by using a dust mask or the like to prevent dust and installing a dust collector for treating dust near the face. Further, when a large amount of dust is generated, a dust processing device connected to an exhaust facility inside the mine is installed outside the mine. As such a dust treatment device, contaminated air is passed through a plurality of filter layers to adsorb dust by the filter layers, and further, air passing through the filter layers is passed through a washing net sprinkled with fresh water to generate dust. It is provided that the air from which the air has been removed is exhausted from the exhaust port.

[0003]

However, according to such a conventional dust removal processing method, since dust is removed by a plurality of filters near the face, a large amount of dust is removed when the dust concentration is high. It is necessary to perform suction processing at once, and for that purpose it is necessary to install a device with a large processing capacity outside the mine, and if a device with a large processing capacity is installed, the device will become large and an extra installation space will be required. There was a problem that interfered with the movement of the. Further, since the dust is removed by adsorbing the dust to the plurality of filter layers, it is necessary to frequently replace the plurality of filter layers in order to maintain the work environment without deteriorating.
There was a problem that it took time to replace the filter. The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to minimize the installation space outside the mine, eliminate the replacement work of the filter, and reliably perform the dust removal processing, and the mine environment. It is intended to provide a dust removal processing method and a dust removal processing apparatus in tunnel construction capable of improving the quality.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 blows fresh outside air from the pit to the vicinity of the tunnel face and exhausts dust generated near the face to the outside of the mine. A method of removing dust, in which dust is sucked from a face by a wind pipe provided with an exhaust blower together with ambient air in the mine and blown to an air chamber outside the mine, and then pressurized by an air compressor, It is characterized in that the pressurized contaminated air is sent to the dust removal processing device, and the air dust-processed by the dust removal processing device is sucked and exhausted by an exhaust duct provided with a blower.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is such that a wind pipe extending outside the mine with a suction port near the face of the mine face, an exhaust blower interposed in the wind pipe, and the outside of the mine. An exhaust device including an air chamber connected to a downstream end of the air tube located therein, a filter being detachably attached and a preliminary exhaust port provided, and air in the air chamber is compressed by an air compressor. And a dust removal processing unit that removes dust from the sent air, and an exhaust tower that is connected to the dust removal processing unit and has an air blower and that exhausts the air from which dust has been removed. It is characterized by being provided.
Further, the invention according to claim 3 is a dust removal processing apparatus comprising a case body, a water tank section partitioned into the inside of the case body, and an upper part of which is communicated with a space section, and an air discharge section, wherein the water tank section is , A water tank for storing water, a perforated air pipe extending to a lower portion of the water tank and provided with a large number of holes on an outer peripheral surface, a lower end connected to the perforated air pipe, and an upper portion stored in the water tank A ventilation pipe for pressure-fed contaminated air, which is located above the water surface and in which dust is mixed, to the perforated air pipe, a filter arranged in the upper part of the water tank, and a water sprinkling pipe for watering the filter from above. It is composed of a water supply pipe that supplies fresh water to the water tank, and a drain pipe that communicates with the bottom portion of the water tank, and the air discharge portion has an upper space portion that communicates with the space portion, and a lower space portion below the upper space portion. The lower space provided, and the boundary between the upper space and the lower space And removing the water plate to remove water is provided,
The drainage pipe is provided at the bottom of the lower space.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, fresh air is supplied from the outside of the mine to the vicinity of the face in the mine by the blower, and dust-contaminated air is operated from the suction port at the tip of the wind pipe of the exhaust device. It is sucked by and sent to the air chamber outside the mine through the wind pipe, further pressurized by the air blower connected to the air chamber and sent to the dust removal processing device, and the dust is removed inside the dust removal processing device. Further, the exhaust air is exhausted from an exhaust duct connected to the dust removing device and provided with a blower.

According to the second aspect of the invention, when a large amount of dust is generated by excavation or blasting by a rock drilling machine near the tip of the underground face in the mine, the dust removal processing device operates and the air contaminated with the dust is exhausted. Is blown into the air pipe from the exhaust suction port by the air blower and is sent from the air pipe to the air chamber outside the mine. Then, the air contaminated with dust is pressurized from the air chamber by the air compressor and sent to the dust removal processing unit, and the dust removal processing unit removes the dust. Further, the air from which dust has been removed is exhausted from the exhaust tower by the blower. When dust is minimally generated in the mine, a filter is installed in the air chamber, the preliminary exhaust port is opened, the dust is removed by the filter, and the air from which the dust is removed is exhausted from the preliminary exhaust port. This has the effect of delaying the time to replace the filter in the air chamber. Further, when a large amount of dust is to be treated, the filter is pulled out, the preliminary exhaust port is closed, and the dust is removed and sent to the dust removal treatment section.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the air compressor and the perforated air pipe provided in the water tank are connected by the ventilation pipe, and the air contaminated with dust is pressure-fed and the perforated exhaust gas in the water tank is provided. It is delivered as bubbles from the tube. As a result, the particles of the dust are stirred and removed by the water in the water tank, and the finer dust adheres to the filter provided above. Then, the fine dust adhering to the filter is washed by the water spray (shower) from the upper part and stored in the water tank, and the dirty water in the water tank is discharged from the drain pipe at the lower part of the water tank to a muddy water precipitation filtration tank (not shown). The water is sent to and is filtered for precipitation to become clear water, which is further circulated from the water supply pipe to the water tank. The clean air flows from the upper space part of the air discharge part to the lower space part, where moisture is removed by the water removing plate, and is discharged from the lower space part, the exhaust duct, and the exhaust tower by the blower.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A dust removing method for tunnel construction according to the present invention will be described below together with its apparatus. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the inside of a tunnel mine for explaining the dust removal processing method,
FIG. 2 is a sectional side view of the dust removal processing device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. A1 is a tunnel pit, A2 is a face, A3 is a soundproof wall, A4 is a pit, and on the pit A4 side of the tunnel pit A1, the air supply pipe 3 of the air blower 1 for sucking the outside air is installed in the tunnel pit A4. It penetrates the wall A3 and is arranged in the tunnel pit A1 from the outside. A wind pipe 7 is connected to the air supply pipe 3 via a blower 5 for pushing, the wind pipe 7 is arranged on the upper wall side of the tunnel pit A1, and the tip opening of the wind pipe 7 is arranged toward the face A2. Has been done.

An exhaust device 9 is provided on the bottom wall side of the tunnel pit A1.
The wind pipe 11 constituting the above is provided. The base end of the air duct 11 has a suction port 1 for sucking dust together with ambient air.
101, the suction port 1101 has a face A2
The dust removing processing device 15 is connected to the tip end side of the wind pipe 11 by penetrating the soundproof wall A3 and projecting to the outside of the mine. An exhaust blower 13 is provided in the middle of the wind pipe 11, and the wind pipe 1 is located outside the mine.
A chamber 17 having an enlarged diameter is provided on the tip side of 1. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a filter 19 is disposed at the inlet of the chamber 17, and an opening / closing valve (not shown) is disposed above the chamber 17 downstream of the filter 19. A preliminary exhaust port 21 is provided above the on-off valve, and is used for normal time, that is, the preliminary exhaust port 21 is used to discharge underground air when a large amount of dust is not generated on the face A2. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the communication hole 23 in the lower part of the chamber 17 is connected to an air pressure compression unit 25 for compressing dust air and pressure-compressing it, and a plurality of pressure injection ports of the air pressure compression unit 25 are provided. A branch ventilation pipe 26 of
A tip of the branch ventilation pipe 26 is formed as a vertical ventilation pipe 27 that bends and extends downward.

As shown in FIG. 2, the dust removing apparatus 15 includes a case body 31, and inside the case body 31, there are a water tank portion 35 and an air discharge portion 37, the upper portion of which is communicated with a space portion 33. Adjacent to each other. The water tank part 3
5 is a water tank 39 for storing water, a plurality of perforated air pipes 40 horizontally arranged at the bottom of the water tank 39, a water supply pipe 41 for supplying fresh water to the water tank 39, and muddy water from the bottom of the water tank 39. Equipped with a drainage pipe 43 for discharging, etc., the water supply pipe 41 and the drainage pipe 43
As a result, the water level in the water tank 39 is kept constant. The branch vent pipe 26 is located above the water level in the water tank 39, the lower end of the vertical vent pipe 27 is connected to the perforated air feed pipe 40, and the perforated air feed pipe 40 has a large number of holes 40A on its outer peripheral surface. Is formed, and the tip of the perforated air pipe 40 is closed. Also,
A filter 45 is arranged in an opening in the upper portion of the water tank 39, and a plurality of water sprinkling pipes 47 for sprinkling water are arranged above the filter 45. These water sprinkling pipes 47 are water supply pipes 49.
A water supply pump 51 is installed in the water supply pipe 49, and air mixed with dust is supplied to the holes 4 of the perforated air supply pipes 40.
The dust is removed from the water 0A into the water tank 39, and the dust in the water in the water tank 39 and the upper filter 45 are removed.

The air discharge portion 37 is provided with an upper space portion 53 communicating with the space portion 33, and a water removing plate 57 laid horizontally on the bottom portion of the upper space portion 53 to allow air to pass therethrough and remove water.
And a lower space 55 formed below the water removal plate 57, an exhaust pipe 58 connected to the lower space 55, and the like. A water collecting plate 59 is provided below the lower space 55, and a drain pipe 61 is arranged below the water collecting plate 59.
When the air from which the dust is removed by 9 passes from the upper space portion 53 to the lower space portion 55, the water is removed by the water removing plate 57, and the removed water is collected by the water collecting plate 59 and discharged by the drain pipe 61. To be done. The exhaust pipe 58 is composed of a duct 63 connected to the lower space 55 and an exhaust tower 65 connected to the duct and standing upright.
A blower 67 is interposed between the five. In addition, the air pressure compression unit 25 and the dust removal processing device 15 are used when a large amount of dust is generated in the pit A1. The drainage pipe 43 and the drainage pipe 61 are connected to the water absorption pipe 41 via a settling filtration tank (not shown) to purify the drainage water and to restore the water tank 31 again.
Is returned to.

Next, the operation of the blower 1, the exhaust device 9, and the dust removal processing device 15 will be described. First, when the pushing blower 5 of the blower equipment 1 is driven, fresh outside air taken in from the air supply pipe 3 is supplied from the tip opening to the vicinity of the face A2 through the wind pipe 7. At the same time, at a normal time when a large amount of dust is not generated in the mine A1, the opening / closing valve of the preliminary exhaust port 21 is opened and the blower 13 for discharging the wind pipe 11 is driven. As a result, the dust air near the face A2 is sucked into the air duct 11 by the suction port 1101, and the filter 1 provided in the chamber 17 is provided.
Dust is removed by 9 and clean air is discharged from the preliminary exhaust port 21 to the atmosphere.

When a large amount of dust is generated in the mine A1, the filter 19 is pulled out, the opening / closing valve of the preliminary exhaust port 21 is closed, and water is supplied from the water supply pipe 41 to the water tank 39.
The water supply pump 51 of the sprinkler pipe 47 is driven, and the discharge blower 13 and the blower 67 of the wind pipe 11 are driven. As a result, the dust near the face A2 is sucked together with the surrounding mine air from the suction port 1101 of the air duct 11, and is sent to the chamber 17 outside the tunnel via the air duct 11 as it is. Then, the mine air is sent from the chamber 17 to the air pressure sending / compressing unit 25, and is pressurized by the air pressure sending / compressing unit 25 at a pressure higher than the water pressure in the water tank 39.
7 is compressed and pressure-fed to the perforated air pipe 40,
Are discharged as bubbles into the water in the water tank 39 through the large number of holes 40A.

In the water tank 39, the air bubbles are agitated by the water, and the dust with large particles is mixed with the water to be removed. Further, the fine dust remaining in the air bubbles floats on the water surface and is filtered by the filter 45 on the water surface. The dust that adheres and is removed and that adheres to the filter 45 is washed into the water tank 39 by the water spray from the water spray pipe 47 at the upper part. The clean air from which the dust has been removed by the filter 19 and the water tank portion 35 reaches the upper space portion 53 from the space portion 33, and the water is removed by the water removal plate 57 so that the lower space portion 22.
Go to At this time, the water removed by the water removing plate 57 is collected by the water collecting plate 59 and drained by the drain pipe 61. Then, the clean air from which moisture and dust have been removed is discharged from the exhaust tower 65 to the atmosphere through the suction duct 63.

According to the present embodiment, the dust near the face is sucked together with the ambient air in the tunnel by the wind tube 11 and is sent to the outside of the tunnel as it is, so that the dust removal processing is performed outside the tunnel. It is possible to eliminate the problem of installing a large dust removal processing device with a large processing capacity outside the tunnel, and to eliminate the need for filter replacement work. Further, according to the present embodiment, since it is removed by the water tank 39 of the dust removal processing unit 15 and the filter 45, the pit A
1 can generate a large amount of dust, the dust can be removed reliably and in a short time without increasing the size of the device. Furthermore, the dust mixed in the air in the pit A1 Since it is possible to reliably remove the mine, it is possible to improve the environment inside the mine and prevent the environment around the construction site from deteriorating.

[0017]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the dust removal processing method of the present invention, it is not necessary to install a large dust removal processing apparatus having a large processing capacity outside the tunnel pit, and the filter can be used. It is possible to eliminate the replacement work of and to reliably remove dust to improve the underground environment. Further, according to the dust removal processing apparatus of the present invention, even if a large amount of dust is generated in the mine, it is possible to reliably remove the dust in a short time without increasing the size of the apparatus. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the inside of a tunnel for explaining a dust removal processing method.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the dust removal processing device.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the dust removal processing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Blower facility 9 Exhaust device 11 Air pipe 15 Dust removal treatment device 21 Preliminary exhaust port 31 Case body 35 Water tank part 37 Air discharge part 39 Water tank 40 Perforated air pipe 45 Filter 47 Water sprinkling pipe 57 Water removing plate 58 Exhaust pipe

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for removing fresh air by blowing fresh outside air from a wellhead to the vicinity of a tunnel face and exhausting dust generated from the vicinity of the faceface to the outside of the mine, wherein an air blower for exhaust is provided. The dust is sucked from the face together with the surrounding mine air by the air blower and blown into the air chamber outside the mine.Then, it is pressurized by the air compressor, and the pressurized contaminated air is sent to the dust removal treatment device, where it is discharged by the dust removal treatment device. A method for removing dust in tunnel construction, characterized in that the dust-treated air is sucked and exhausted by an exhaust duct provided with a blower. 2. A wind pipe extending outside the mine with a suction port near the face of the mine face, an exhaust blower interposed in the wind pipe, and a downstream end of the wind pipe located outside the mine. Connected to the filter, the filter is removably attached, and an air chamber having an auxiliary exhaust port is provided, and the air in the air chamber is compressed by an air compressor and fed. A dust removal processing unit that removes dust from the supplied air, and a blower installed while being connected to the dust removal processing unit,
A dust removal processing device for tunnel construction, comprising: an exhaust tower that exhausts air from which dust has been removed. 3. A dust removal processing device, comprising: a case body; and a water tank section partitioned into the inside of the case body and having an upper part communicated with a space section, and an air discharge section, wherein the water tank section stores water. A water tank, a perforated air pipe extending to the lower part of the water tank and having a large number of holes on the outer peripheral surface, a lower end connected to the perforated air pipe, and an upper part above the water surface stored in the water tank. Ventilation pipes located under pressure to feed contaminated air mixed with dust to the perforated air pipe, a filter arranged on the upper part of the water tank, a water spray pipe for sprinkling the filter from above, and fresh water to the water tank. It is composed of a water supply pipe for supplying and a drain pipe communicating with the bottom of the water tank, and the air discharging part includes an upper space part communicating with the space part, and a lower space provided below the upper space part. Section and the boundary between the upper space section and the lower space section. A dust removal treatment device comprising a water removal plate for removing moisture and a drainage pipe provided at the bottom of the lower space.