JP2003027899A - Method for eliminating dust and dust collector for use in the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for eliminating dust and a dust collector for use in the same, which are used to collect the dust generated during tunnel excavating construction and easily eliminate the dust. SOLUTION: The dust collector is equipped with gas pipes 1a and 1b which are fixed to a wall surface of an excavated tunnel 10 in a circumferential direction, spray nozzles 2 which are provided in such a manner as to point to a central part of the tunnel 10 midway through the gas pipes 1a and 1b, and a feed water pipe 16 for feeding a high-pressure liquid to the gas pipes 1a and 1b. When air is blown to a face part through an air duct 11 installed in the tunnel 10, so as to let out the dust 14 in the tunnel 10 in the direction of an entrance 15, the dust 14 is collected by nebulized water droplets sprayed from the spray nozzles 2 of the dust collector, which are installed midway through the tunnel 10. The collected dust 14 is eliminated with water draining toward the entrance 15 through the inside of the tunnel 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dust removing method for collecting and removing dust generated in a tunnel during tunnel excavation work, and a dust collector used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Tunnel excavation work is a process of digging a cavity of a required size. It mainly consists of four steps of excavation, shear treatment, support construction, and lining. Generally, explosives such as dynamite are used. The blasting method was used.

Excavation work in the blasting method involves rock drilling (drilling) for drilling small holes for loading explosives such as dynamite with a rock drilling machine, charging for loading explosives into small holes, and explosive explosives Blasting that breaks down rocks, piles of rocks that collapsed due to blasting with machines, shear transport that carries out with a toro or dump truck, etc. , Rock bolt work and lining work are repeated.

Among these, a large amount of dust is generated in each work such as rock drilling, blasting, pile-up, shear transportation, drilling of holes for rock bolts and spray concrete work. Dust at blast is the most intense of all tunnel work.
Conventionally, in order to eliminate dust, as shown in FIG.
The wind pipe 11 is installed inside, and the wind blown by the ventilation fan 12 through this wind pipe 11 is applied to the cutting face 13, and the mine shaft 10 is used as a large chimney to send out the dust 14 to the wellhead 15 (air supply type ventilation system). .

[0005]

However, in the above conventional method, the dust 14 sent to the wellhead 15 is
It floats inside the mine shaft 10 and accumulates on pipes and distribution boards on the way. Therefore, the dust 14 accumulated on the pipes and the distribution board is regularly cleaned, but the dust 1 harmful to the lungs 1
Since the particle diameter of 4 is 5 μm or less, which is extremely small, the accumulated dust 14 immediately rises up and cannot be easily removed.

Therefore, the present invention provides a dust removing method for collecting and easily removing dust generated during tunnel excavation work, and a dust collector used for the method.

[0007]

The dust removal method of the present invention is a dust removal method in which wind is blown into a face part through a wind pipe installed in a tunnel and the dust in the tunnel is sent toward the mouth of the tunnel. It is characterized in that liquid is sprayed from the circumferential direction of the tunnel to the dust that is sent out. According to the dust removal method of the present invention, it is possible to collect the dust sent in the tunnel by the liquid sprayed in the tunnel, and the collected dust can be easily collected and removed. Become.

Here, spraying means spraying a liquid having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less, and the average particle diameter of the sprayed liquid is preferably 50 to 550 μm. A mist-like liquid with an average particle size in this range has the optimum surface area for collecting harmful dust in the lungs with a particle size of 5 μm or less, so the floating dust should be collected most efficiently. You can

In the case of a liquid having an average particle size of less than 50 μm, the particle size is the same as that of cloud particles, so that even if dust is collected, it is difficult for the liquid to settle, and the time of floating in the air becomes long. And the effect of suppressing dust becomes small. 550 μm
In the case of a liquid having an average particle diameter exceeding the above, since the particle diameter is similar to that of raindrops, the accumulated dust may be struck and scattered.

The dust collecting apparatus used in the dust removing method of the present invention includes a tube fixed circumferentially on the wall surface of the tunnel to be excavated, a spray nozzle provided in the middle of the tube toward the central portion of the tunnel, and a tube. And a pipe for supplying a high-pressure liquid. According to the dust collector of the present invention, it is possible to collect liquid dust sprayed in the tunnel from the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Here, as the tube, a high-pressure hose, a gas pipe, a vinyl chloride pipe, or the like can be used.

It is desirable that a plurality of spray nozzles be provided at intervals of 50 to 200 cm. As a result, the liquid can be evenly sprayed into the tunnel, and the floating dust can be collected without being missed. Meanwhile, 5
At intervals of less than 0 mm, the liquid sprayed from the adjacent spray nozzles may coalesce to increase the particle size,
If the distance is more than 200 mm, the distance between the adjacent spray nozzles may be too wide, and a part in which the liquid is not sprayed may occur in the tunnel.

Although it is possible to use other than water as the liquid to be sprayed, it is preferable to use water that can be easily obtained from the water supply equipment that is always installed in the tunnel in the tunnel excavation work, and at any excavation site. It is possible to easily remove dust by installing the dust collector of the present invention.

[0013]

1 is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a dust removing system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a spray nozzle, Figure 4
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG.

1 and 2, in the dust removal system according to the embodiment of the present invention, a wind pipe 11 of about 1.5 mφ is installed at the center of the upper part of a tunnel 10 having a height of about 6.5 m. The wind blown by the ventilation fan 12 through the wind pipe 11 is applied to the face 13. Also, the gallery 10
On the lower side surface of the water supply pipe 1 of about 100 mm (4 inches) φ for supplying water to the rock drilling machine (not shown) from the outside.
6. About 100m for use in concrete spraying
m (4 inches) φ air supply pipe 17 and about 200 mm (8 inches) φ water distribution pipe 1 for draining water in the gallery 10.
8 are installed.

Further, along the wall surface of the tunnel 10, a length of about 2.5 m and about 19 mm (3/4 inch) φ as the first and second tubes constituting the dust collector of the present embodiment.
Gas pipes 1a and 1b of the ball valve 1 are installed so that the longitudinal direction thereof is the circumferential direction of the tunnel 10.
It is connected to the water supply pipe 16 via 6a. This tube 1a
And the other gas pipe 1b are connected via a hose 1c having a diameter of about 19 mm (3/4 inch) as a third tube.

The gas pipes 1a and 1b are provided with three spray nozzles 2 shown in FIG. 3 at intervals of about 1 m.
All of these spray nozzles 2 are fixed toward the central portion of the gallery 10. The spray nozzle 2 has an average particle size of 380.
Water of 520 μm is evenly sprayed at a jet angle of about 60 °. About 6.9 MPa from the water supply pipe 16 to the gas pipe 1a
When high pressure water (7 kg / cm ² ) was supplied, the gas pipe 1
The injection amount from the spray nozzle 2 of a and 1b is about 10 L / min.
Is.

As shown in FIG. 4, a bifurcated strainer 3 and a flexible hose 4 are provided between the ball valve 16a and the gas pipe 1a. Strainer 3 is the water supply pipe 1
It is for filtering dust such as sand and dust contained in the water supplied from 6, and prevents clogging of the spray nozzle 2 of the gas pipes 1a and 1b. One end of the strainer 3 is usually the cap 3
It is sealed by a, and at the time of cleaning, it is possible to remove the cap 3a, inject water, and backwash. Further, a water drain valve 5 is provided at the tip of the gas pipe 1b (lower end in FIG. 2), and during cleaning, the water drain valve 5 can be opened to discharge the water in the gas pipe 1b together with dust. .

According to the dust removal system having the above structure, when the dust 14 generated during the tunnel excavation work is sent to the wellhead 15 by the wind sent through the wind pipe 11,
An average particle size of 380 to 520 μ sprayed at a spray angle of about 60 ° from the spray nozzle 2 of the dust collector installed in the mineway 10.
It is collected by mist-like water droplets. Then, the collected dust 14 is removed together with the drainage flowing toward the wellhead 15 in the gallery 10.

Such a dust removing system is used in the water pipe 1 installed in the tunnel 10 during tunnel excavation work.
Since water can be obtained from the existing water supply equipment such as No. 6 and operated, it is possible to install and build the dust collector of this embodiment at any excavation site.

Further, in the dust removal system of this embodiment, the gas pipes 1a and 1b constituting the dust collector are the tunnel 1
It is arranged along the wall surface of No. 0 in the circumferential direction, and water is sprayed from the surrounding so as to surround the dust 14 sent from the face 13 of the tunnel 10 toward the wellhead 10. There is no. In addition, by installing a plurality of such dust collectors in parallel in the gallery 10 from the face 13 to the pit 15, the floating dust 1
4 can be collected more quickly and reliably and eliminated.

[0021]

According to the present invention, by spraying liquid from the circumferential direction of the tunnel to the dust sent in the tunnel, the dust is delivered by the wind sent to the face part through the wind pipe installed in the tunnel. The dust can be collected efficiently, and the collected dust can be easily collected and removed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a dust removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a spray nozzle.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part B in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional dust removal system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b gas pipe 1c hose 2 spray nozzles 3 strainers 4 flexible hose 5 drain valve 10 tunnel 11 wind tube 12 ventilation fan 13 face 14 dust 15 wellhead 16 Water pipe 17 Air supply pipe 18 water pipe

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A dust removing method for sending air to a face part through a wind pipe installed in a tunnel to send dust in the tunnel toward a mine mouth, wherein the dust is discharged in the tunnel in a circumferential direction of the mine. A method for removing dust, which comprises spraying more liquid. 2. The average particle size of the liquid to be sprayed is 50 to 50.
It is 550 micrometers, The dust removal method of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. A tube fixed circumferentially to a wall surface of a tunnel to be excavated, a spray nozzle provided in the middle of the tube toward a central portion of the tunnel, and a pipe for supplying a high-pressure liquid to the tube. Dust collector equipped with. 4. The dust collector according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the spray nozzles are provided at intervals of 50 to 200 cm.