JP2008213423A - System for recycling composite resin waste material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for recycling composite resin waste material capable of precisely separating fibers from resin. <P>SOLUTION: The system 100 for recycling composite resin waste material is provided with a pulverizing device (B) for pulverizing a composite resin waste material containing fibers and resin by rotating a rotary shaft 20 equipped with striking members 50 in a cylindrical container 10; a liquid mixing device (J) for mixing a powdery body pulverized by the pulverizing device (B) with a liquid; and a separation device (L) for separating the powdery body into fibers and resin powder in the liquid containing the powdery body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for recycling composite resin waste.

  Along with the recent increase in recycling, resin wallpaper made by bonding resin layers such as PVC and backing paper (pulp fiber layer), resin layers such as PVC and fiber layers made of nylon or polyester, or resin There is a need to efficiently recycle composite materials containing resin and fibers, such as tile carpets, soundproof sheets, waterproof sheets, and construction safety nets, with fiber layers sandwiched between layers or impregnated with resin in fiber layers. ing. In order to recycle such a composite material, it is necessary to pulverize the composite material and precisely separate the powder into materials, for example, resin powder and fibers.

As a method for efficiently pulverizing such a composite material, a cutting method as described in Patent Document 1, a shredder method as described in Patent Document 2, and as described in Patent Documents 3 to 4 It is conceivable to apply a shearing method, a rotating hammer method, a chain rotating method as described in Patent Document 7, and the like.
JP 2003-88772 A JP 2003-24817 A JP 2003-127140 A JP 2003-320532 A JP 2006-61898 A JP 2000-189823 A JP 2000-189823 A JP 2004-820 A

  However, the above-mentioned document does not describe at all how the fiber and the resin powder are accurately separated from the obtained powdered product. The separation method of Patent Document 8 is not sufficient.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the recycling system of the composite resin waste material which can isolate | separate a fiber and resin precisely.

  A system for recycling composite resin waste according to the present invention includes a pulverization apparatus for pulverizing composite resin waste containing fibers and resin by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a striking member in a cylindrical container; And a liquid mixing device that mixes the powder powdered by the powdering device with the liquid, and a separation device that separates the powder into fibers and resin powder in the liquid in which the powder is mixed.

  The composite resin waste material is made into a powder containing resin powder and fiber by the powdering device, but the resin powder may be taken into the entangled fiber, or the resin powder may be firmly attached to the fiber, Precise separation of fiber and resin powder is not easy. In the present invention, the powder pulverized by the liquid mixing device is mixed with the liquid. In the liquid, the entanglement of the fibers is easier to loosen than in the gas phase, and in the liquid, the adhesion of the resin powder to the fibers can be reduced compared to the gas phase. Thereby, it becomes easy to escape the resin powder taken in the entangled fibers from between the entangled fibers, and it is also easy to peel off the resin powder firmly adhered to the fibers from the fibers. And since the powder is isolate | separated into the fiber and the resin powder in the liquid with the separator, the resin powder and the fiber can be separated efficiently and precisely.

  Here, the separation device preferably has a cyclone. Thereby, a fiber and resin powder can be separated suitably by a cyclone.

  Further, it is preferable to further include a defibrating device for defibrating fibers in the powder pulverized by the pulverizing device before supplying the fibers to the mixing device.

  The defibrating apparatus is suitable because it can loosen the entanglement of the fibers in advance.

  Further, it is preferable to further include a fragmentation device that cuts the composite resin waste material supplied to the powdering device into pieces by cutting with a blade in advance.

  As a result, energy saving can be achieved as compared with the conventional method of fragmenting by crushing.

  Another system for recycling composite resin waste according to the present invention is a pulverization method in which a composite resin waste containing fibers and resin is pulverized by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a striking member within a cylindrical container. An apparatus, a defibrating apparatus for defibrating fibers in the powder pulverized by the pulverizing apparatus, and a separating apparatus for separating the powder containing the defibrated fibers into fibers and resin powder. .

  The composite resin waste is made into a powder containing resin powder and fibers by the pulverization equipment, but the resin powder is often taken into the tangled fibers, and if this is the case, precise separation between the fibers and the resin powder is not possible. It's not easy. In the present invention, fibers in the powder are defibrated by a defibrating apparatus. Thereby, the entanglement of the fibers is loosened, and the resin powder taken in the entangled fibers can be easily escaped from between the entangled fibers. And since the powder is isolate | separated into the fiber and the resin powder by the separation apparatus, the resin powder and the fiber can be separated efficiently and precisely.

  Here, it is preferable that the separation device has an air classification device. Thereby, a fiber and resin powder can be isolate | separated efficiently.

  According to the present invention, the fiber and the resin can be accurately separated, which greatly contributes to the recycling of the composite resin waste material.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

(First embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, the composite resin waste material recycling system 100 according to this embodiment includes a fragmentation device A, a pulverization device B, a light powder collection cyclone C1, a heavy powder collection cyclone C2, and the like. Heavy powder defibrating device D, coarse wind classifier E, precision wind classifier F, bag filter G, bag filter H, light powder defibrator I, liquid mixing device J, serial cyclone L, separation tank M for separation, A press N and a fiber dehydrator O are mainly provided.

(Fragmenting device A)
The fragmentation device A is for fragmenting a composite resin material containing fibers and resin. The target composite resin material is not particularly limited. For example, a resin wallpaper in which a resin layer such as polyvinyl chloride and a backing paper (pulp fiber layer) are laminated, a resin layer such as vinyl chloride, and nylon, polyester, polyolefin (PP, etc.) Sheet-like composite resin materials such as tile carpets (for example, resins such as polyvinyl chloride and olefins), in which fiber layers are laminated together, fiber layers are sandwiched between resin layers, or fiber layers are impregnated with resin And composite materials including fibers such as nylon and PP), dust control mats (composite materials including NBR rubber resin (base material), rubber latex resin (adhesive), and nylon fibers), automotive floor mats (SBR rubber) Flooring materials such as olefin resin (base material), latex resin (adhesive), and composite materials including PP fibers, etc.) and disaster prevention mesh sheets ( Sheets for construction / architecture such as re-ester woven fabrics and composite materials containing PVC paste resin impregnated with them, soundproof sheets and waterproof sheets (composite materials with polyester or nylon woven fabric sandwiched between two layers of PVC sheet material) Is mentioned.

  As the stripping apparatus A, a known apparatus can be used as long as the composite resin material can be stripped to a maximum length of 100 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less. The shape of the composite resin material after fragmentation is not particularly limited, and may be granular, on a chip, or in the form of a sheet. Moreover, the target object may contain water.

  Examples of such a fragmentation apparatus A include a crush machine and a cutting machine. Especially, the cutting machine which cut | disconnects composite resin material with a blade is preferable. This is because if a crusher is used, the fibers may be entangled with the shaft of the crusher. In addition, the cutting machine requires less energy for fragmentation. For example, a crusher requires about 30 kW to process 300 kg of wallpaper per hour, whereas a cutting machine only requires about 1.5 kW.

  Such a cutting machine includes a rotating shaft and a claw provided on the rotating shaft and having a pointed end directed in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft, and a part of the sheet is hooked by the rotating pointed end of the claw Sheet stripping device, slitter that presses a rotating round blade or ultrasonic vibration blade against the composite resin material sheet, flat plate type or roll type press cutter that presses the blade type against the composite resin material sheet, blades And a cutting machine which gives a guillotine shearing action. These all cut the composite resin material with a blade.

(Powdering equipment)
The composite resin waste material fragmented by the fragmentation apparatus A is supplied to the powderization apparatus B via the line L10. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the powdering apparatus B mainly includes a cylindrical container 10, a rotating shaft 20, a rod 30, a rod fixing member 40, a striking member 50, and the like.

  The cylindrical container 10 is a cylindrical container that extends in a substantially horizontal direction. The cylindrical container 10 has a hollow jacket structure (cooling means), and a coolant such as water can flow through the inside of the jacket 10a. Refrigerant from the refrigerant supply device 5 is supplied to the jacket 10a via the line L1.

  In addition, when the cylindrical container 10 does not have a jacket structure, you may cool by dripping water etc. to the outer surface of the cylindrical container 10. FIG. The cylindrical container 10 may be divided in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction in consideration of maintainability. Both ends of the cylindrical container 10 are closed by discs 14 respectively.

  The rotating shaft 20 is preferably disposed coaxially with the axis of the cylindrical container 10 so as to penetrate both the disks 14 and along the axis of the cylindrical container 10. Bearings 15 capable of sealing gas and dust are provided at the portions of the disk 14 through which the rotary shaft 20 passes.

  The rotating shaft 20 is supported by bearings 22 arranged on both outer sides of the cylindrical container 10 so as to be rotatable around the axis. Further, a motor 24 is connected to the end of the rotary shaft 20 so that the rotary shaft 20 can be rotated at high speed. For example, the peripheral speed at the tip of the striking member 50, that is, the linear speed at the maximum rotational radius of the striking member 50 is 50 m / s or more, more preferably 100 m / s or more, and still more preferably 120 m / s or more. Preferably it is speed. In addition, at ultra-high speed rotation of 200 m / s or more, it is more powerful.

  The rotary shaft 20 has a large-diameter portion 20a whose diameter is widened in a portion inside the cylindrical container 10, and a circular frame-shaped rod fixing member 40 is connected to the large-diameter portion 20a. It is fixed to be coaxial. A large number of rod fixing members 40 are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction.

  The rod 30 extends parallel to the axial direction so as to penetrate each rod fixing member 40, and the rod 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft 20 by the rod fixing member 40.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rods 30 are provided at positions that are axially symmetric with respect to the rotating shaft 20. In FIG. 3, the four rods are shifted by 90 °, but the two rods may be shifted by 180 °, and the three rods may be shifted by 120 °. Alternatively, it is preferable from the viewpoint of high-speed rotation that a plurality of n rods are shifted by (360 / n) °.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the position of the rod 30 is between the large-diameter portion 20 a of the rotating shaft 20 and the cylindrical container 10, away from the large-diameter portion 20 a of the rotating shaft 20 and close to the cylindrical container 10. Placed on the side.

  A plurality of striking members 50 are fixed to each rod 30. The striking member 50 has a main body 51 and a pipe 52 as shown in FIG. The pipe portion 52 is provided so as to penetrate the base portion 51 a of the main body portion 51, and the striking member 50 is fixed to the rod 30 by the rod 30 penetrating through the opening of the pipe portion 52. The main body 51 has a tapered shape so that the width 51H of the tip 51b is narrower than the width 51L of the root 51a when viewed from the axial direction of the pipe 52. The length 51W of the main body 51 in the axial direction of the pipe 52 is longer than the width 51H of the tip 51b.

  As shown in FIG. 2, each striking member 50 is fixed to the rod 30 such that a plurality of striking members 50 are arranged between the rod fixing members 40. The striking member 50 is fixed to the rod 30 so as to be rotatable around the axis of the rod 30. Thereby, the impact applied to the striking member when the striking member 50 collides with the workpiece can be reduced, and unnecessary cutting of the fibers can be reduced, and the life of the striking member is extended. Usually, the distal end portion 51b of the striking member 50 faces outward in the rotational radial direction due to the centrifugal force applied to the striking member 50. In addition, it is preferable that the space | interval (refer FIG. 3) of the front-end | tip part 51b of the striking member 50 and the inner wall of the cylindrical container 10 shall be about 1-20 mm. Examples of the material of the striking member 50 and the rod 30 include metal materials such as stainless steel.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the rod fixing member 40 circulates gas or the like in the axial direction at least in a region where the radius of rotation is smaller than that of the rod 30 when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft 20. An opening 42 is formed to enable this.

  An object inlet 14a is formed in the disc 14 on the left end side in FIG. 2, and a screw feeder 70 for supplying the object is connected to the inlet 14a. The screw feeder 70 includes a cylinder 72, a screw 74 disposed in the cylinder 72, a motor 76 that rotates the screw 74, and a hopper 78 that supplies an object to one end of the cylinder 72, and the other end of the cylinder 72 is an object. It is connected to the material inlet 14a. The line L10 is connected to the hopper 78.

  The left disk 14 further has a plurality of gas inlets 14b. The gas inlets 14b are provided so that their positions in the rotational radius direction are different from each other, and gas such as air from the compressor 2 can be supplied into the cylindrical container 10 via the line L12.

  An outlet 10 b is provided at the lower part of the circumferential surface of the cylindrical container 10. A cyclone C2 is connected to the tip of the outlet 10b via a line L5.

  The right disk 14 is provided with a plurality of outlets 14c. The outlets 14c are arranged so that the positions in the rotational radius direction are different from each other. A cyclone C1 described later is connected to each outlet 14c via a line L2.

  The residence time may be controlled by controlling the speed at which the pulverized object from the outlets 10b and 14c is discharged. In this way, by discharging the powdered object powder from the outlet 10b and the outlet 14c, light powder and heavy powder can be separated and discharged as will be described later. The powdering device can also function as a separation device. In addition, it is possible to provide three or more outlets, and one may be provided when separation is unnecessary. Instead of the outlet 10b, for example, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2, an outlet 14d may be provided on the radially outermost side of the right disk 14, and a cyclone C2 may be provided via the line L5.

  Subsequently, a pulverization method by the pulverization apparatus B will be described.

  First, the rotating shaft 20 is rotated. Here, as described above, it is preferable that the peripheral speed at the tip of the striking member 50 be a predetermined speed. A gas such as air is supplied from the inlet 14b.

  Subsequently, the object from the hopper 78 is introduced from the inlet 14a. Then, the object is rotated in the cylindrical container 10 by the striking member 50 that rotates at high speed, and rotates on the inner surface of the cylindrical container 10 by centrifugal force. At this time, the object is rapidly pulverized by collision with the striking member 50, collision or friction with the inner wall of the cylindrical container 10, or collision or friction between the objects.

  And in this embodiment, since the rod 30 is arrange | positioned at the side near the inner wall of the cylindrical container 10 separated from the rotating shaft 20, and the striking member 50 is being fixed to this rod 30, the striking member 50 is made into the rotating shaft. Compared with fixing to the large diameter portion 20a, the length of the striking member 50 in the rotational radius direction can be made sufficiently small, and the air resistance required for the rotation of the rotary shaft 20 can be reduced. Therefore, it is easy to rotate the rotating shaft 20 at a higher speed than in the past, and it becomes easy to finely pulverize the object, for example, 300 μm or less. When a composite material composed of different materials is pulverized, it can be physically separated into each material, for example, resin powder and fiber. In addition, when the object includes a fiber material such as paper or fiber, the fiber is unraveled to some extent in the cylindrical container 10. Furthermore, since the electric power required for rotation can also be reduced, energy saving is possible.

  Furthermore, a strong centrifugal force acts on the powder that has been pulverized by high-speed rotation inside the cylindrical container 10, and light powder containing a lot of fibers and the like and heavy powder containing a lot of resin powder and the like. , Separated in the radial direction. That is, the light powder is separated near the center in the radial direction and the heavy powder is separated outside in the radial direction. Moreover, since the opening 42 is formed in the rod fixing member 40, the movement of gas and light powder in the axial direction is possible. In particular, since the rod 30 is disposed on the side close to the inner wall of the cylindrical container 10 away from the rotating shaft 20, the opening 42 can be provided sufficiently wide, and the light powder gathering radially inward can be discharged. Is easy.

  Therefore, light powder segregated radially inward is discharged from the outlet 14c, while heavy powder segregated radially outward is discharged from the outlet 10b. That is, the powdering apparatus 1 can also function as a centrifuge. Note that the outlets 14c and 14c are separated from each other in the rotational radius direction, so that separation between the lines L2 is possible as necessary.

  The powdering apparatus is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.

For example, the cylindrical container 10 may not be disposed completely in the horizontal direction, and may be inclined by about 30 °, for example. Further, the cylindrical container 10 may have a tapered shape.

  Further, even if the rod 30 is not completely parallel to the rotating shaft 20, for example, the rod 30 may be tilted by about 10 ° so that one end of the rod 30 approaches or moves away from the rotating shaft 20. You may incline about 10 degrees to the rotation direction.

  Further, the shape of the rod fixing member 40 is not a frame shape having the opening 42 and surrounding the rotating shaft 20. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the axis of the rotating shaft 20 is a portion having a shorter rotation radius than the rod 30. A structure extending radially from the rotating shaft, in which cutouts 42a that allow gas flow in the direction, are formed. Even if there is no opening or notch, powdering to 300 μm or less is possible.

  Further, the striking member does not have to have a shape as shown in FIG. 4A. For example, the main body 51 has a plate shape as shown in FIG. The width 51H may be smaller than the width 51H of the tip 51b. As shown in FIG. 4C, the root 51a is cylindrical, the tip 51b is plate-shaped, and one side of the plate is fixed to the pipe 52. The tip portion 51b may be a rod-like shape as shown in FIG. 4D, and the main body portion 51 is a ring shape surrounding the pipe portion 52 as shown in FIG. An eccentric ring shape in which a part of the inner side of 51 is fixed in contact with the outer periphery of the pipe portion 52 may be used, and as shown in FIG. 51c may be formed. As shown in FIG. 4G, the main body 51 shown in FIG. May be one further blade surface is formed.

  It is also possible to supply static-removing ions into the cylindrical container 10. Further, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical container 10 may be subjected to ceramic coating or may be uneven.

  Further, the position of the outlet 10b in the axial direction is not particularly limited, and two or more outlets 10b may be provided depending on the object and operating conditions. Furthermore, the present invention can also be implemented in a form in which the rod 30 is disposed at a position close to the rotary shaft 20 or 20a, or the striking member 50 is fixed to the rotary shaft 20 without the rod 30 interposed therebetween.

(Cyclone C1, C2)
The cyclone C1 is connected to a line L2 from which light powder is discharged. The cyclone C1 collects the heavy powder slightly mixed in the light powder and supplies it to the heavy powder defibrating apparatus D via the line L3. On the other hand, the light powder from which the heavy powder has been separated is collected by the buff filter H via the line L4 while riding on the airflow. The gas that has passed through the bag filter is discharged to the atmosphere by the fan 82.

  The cyclone C2 is connected to a line L5 from which heavy powder is discharged. The cyclone C2 collects the light powder slightly mixed in the heavy powder and sends it to the line L4 via the line L6. On the other hand, the heavy powder from which the light powder has been removed is supplied to the defibrating apparatus D via the line L7.

(Defibration device D)
The defibrating apparatus D is an apparatus for loosening a fiber mass in which fibers mixed in heavy powder are entangled with each other. The defibrating device is not particularly limited, and a known device can be used. For example, a dry-type defibrating device such as a flat card type defibrating device, a roller card type defibrating device, or a lapping machine can be used. The heavy component contains a large amount of resin powder, but the fibers are entangled with each other and the resin powder contained therein is supplied to the defibrating apparatus D via the lines L3 and L7. Therefore, in order to facilitate the separation of the fibers from the resin powder at the later stage, the fibers entangled in advance are loosened. The heavy powder from which the fiber powder is loosened and the resin powder taken in is escaped is supplied to the coarse wind classifier E via the line L8.

(Coarse wind classifier (separator) E)
Coarse wind classifier E separates resin powder and heavy fiber from heavy powder using differences in particle size, shape, weight, and the like. As the coarse wind classifier E, for example, a combination of wind class and a vibrating sieve can be used. That is, the coarse wind classifier E has the sieve 1E in the container 3E vibrated by the vibrator 8E. Further, gas such as air from the compressor 2E is supplied into the container 3E from the bottom to the top of the sieve 1E. Since the entanglement of the fibers has already been loosened in the defibrating apparatus D, the fibers in the heavy powder supplied on the sieve 1E are immediately accompanied by the upward gas flow, and an opening is provided in the upper part of the container 3E. It is supplied to the bag filter G via the line L20. On the other hand, most of the resin powder passes through the eyes of the sieve 1E and is supplied to the precision wind classifier F through a line L21 in which an opening is provided at the bottom of the container 3E. Further, the coarse powder that cannot pass through the screen of the sieve 1E is joined to the line L10 via the line L22 and is pulverized again by the powdering apparatus B.

(Precision wind classifier (separator) F)
The precision wind classifier F is a device that precisely removes fibers from heavy powder. Here, for example, the following precision wind classifier F can be used. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the precision wind classifier F mainly includes a separation container (container) F30, a gas blowing part F40, a container shaker (container vibration part) F50, and a medium particle circulation part F60. .

  The container F30 has a horizontally long box shape, and one end in the longitudinal direction (the right end in FIG. 6) on the bottom surface F30b is on the bottom, and the other end in the longitudinal direction on the bottom surface F30b (the left side in FIG. 6) is on the top. It is arranged to be inclined. As will be described later, in the container F30, the medium particles F64 flow in a fixed direction (direction A in the figure) from the left to the right in FIG.

  An inlet F30a for receiving the powder 4 to be separated from the line L21 and a supply port F30e for receiving the medium particles F64 from the medium particle circulating unit F60 are formed on the upper end of one end side (left end side in FIG. 6) of the container F30. ing. The to-be-separated powder 4 contains resin powder 4a and slightly fibers 4b.

  Further, the other end (the right end in FIG. 6) of the bottom surface F30b of the container F30 is formed with a discharge port F30c for extracting the medium particles F64 downward.

  On the upstream side of the discharge port F30c of the bottom surface F30b of the container F30, meshes (screen portions) F32a, F32b, and F32c are provided in order from the downstream side to the upstream side. The opening diameters (openings) of the meshes F32a, F32b, and F32c are set to a size that allows the powder to be separated to pass without passing through the medium particles F64. Further, the opening diameter is made smaller in the order of the meshes F32a, F32b, and F32c. Instead of the mesh, a perforated plate such as a punching plate may be employed.

  The resin powder 4a that has passed through the openings of the meshes F32a, F32b, and F32c is collected by the collection hoppers 91a, 91b, and 91c via the lines L25, L26, and L27, respectively.

  No particular opening is provided on the bottom surface F30b upstream of the mesh F32c.

  In the upper part of the container F30, an exhaust port F30d for discharging the gas containing the fibers 4b from the container F30 is formed. The exhaust port F30d is connected to the bag filter G via the line L22. The bag filter G is connected to the blower 72 so that gas can be sucked from the container 30.

  The gas blowing part F40 has a blower F41, a gas blowing pipe F42, and a blowing pipe vibrator (blowing pipe exciting part) F43. The gas from the blower F41 is supplied to the gas blowing pipe F42 via the line L23. As shown in FIG. 7, a large number of gas blowing pipes F42 are arranged in a matrix when the container F30 is viewed from above. That is, each of the gas blowing pipes F42 is arranged so as to extend substantially in the vertical direction, and a plurality of the gas blowing pipes F42 are arranged side by side in the constant direction flow direction of the medium particles F64 and also in the horizontal direction intersecting with the constant direction flow of the medium particles F64. A plurality are arranged side by side.

  Each gas blowing pipe F42 is disposed on the upstream side of the mesh F32c of the container F30 so as to face the bottom surface F30b of the container F30 without an opening. Specifically, the gas blowing tube F42 is provided at a substantially central portion of the container F30 in the left-right direction in FIG.

  Further, each gas blowing pipe F42 has a gas outlet B42a, and from the bottom surface F30b of the outlet F42a so that the outlet F42a is inserted into the medium particle layer F65. The height of is set. In this embodiment, the blower outlet F42a has opposed the bottom face F30b. It is preferable that the air outlet of the gas blowing pipe F42 always enters the medium particle layer F65 at least to a depth of 70% or more of the filling height of the medium particle layer F65. In this embodiment, a straight pipe is used as the gas blowing pipe F42. However, a curved pipe may be used, and a gas blowing pipe having a plurality of outlets F42a may be used. Moreover, the substantially horizontal pipe | tube which is embed | buried near the container bottom face F30b and which has several or single blower outlet may be sufficient.

  Further, the gas blowing pipe F42 is connected with a blowing pipe vibrator F43 that vibrates the gas blowing pipe F42. The gas blowing tube F42 is disposed substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface F30b, and the preferable vibration direction of the gas blowing tube F42 is a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface F30b, a direction parallel to the bottom surface F30b, or the bottom surface F30b. For example, a rotational motion that rotates around a vertical axis.

  Here, the blower F41, the line L3, and the gas blowing pipe F42 constitute the gas blowing section F40. The gas is preferably air. The gas blowing amount is set so that only the fibers are discharged out of the medium particle layer F65. Since the medium particles F64 flow due to the vibration, a large amount of gas required for fluidizing the medium particle layer F65 without vibration is unnecessary, and the fibers 4b jump out of the medium particle layer F65. Any amount of gas that can be generated is acceptable.

  The medium particle circulation unit F60 is a transfer device that transfers the medium particles F64 discharged from the discharge port F30c of the container F30 to the supply port F30e of the container F30 on the medium particle circulation line F62. For example, a bucket conveyor or the like can be used as the medium particle circulation unit F60.

  Further, the container F30 is supported by an elastic support member F82 such as a spring fixed to the base F80, and can vibrate. Furthermore, a container shaker F50 fixed to the base F80 is connected to the container F30, and the container F30 receives vibration. As the vibration direction of the container F30, for example, the horizontal direction (for example, the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 or the direction in which the medium particles F64 flow in the container F30), the vertical direction (for example, the vertical direction or the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface F30b), FIG. The front-rear direction of F1, that is, the horizontal direction intersecting the direction in which the medium particles F64 flow in the container F30, or the like, may be a circular motion around the vertical axis.

  The physical properties of the medium particle F64 are not particularly limited as long as the particle size is larger than that of the powder 4 to be separated, but a particle size of about 0.5 to 2.0 mm is preferable. Further, the medium particles F64 are preferably spherical particles. Examples of the material include glass, silica, alumina, zirconia, and iron.

  Further, it is preferable that the filling amount of the medium particle layer F65 is 10 times or more as high as the particle diameter of the medium particle F64, specifically, for example, a filling height of 1 cm or more.

  Next, the operation of such a precision wind classifier F will be described.

  First, the powder 4 containing the resin powder 4a and the slightly remaining fibers 4b is supplied from the line L21 into the container F30. At the same time, the container shaker F50 vibrates the container F30, and the medium particle circulation unit F60 forms a constant flow of the medium particles F64 from the left to the right in the figure in the container F30.

  In this way, first, the medium particles F64 flow in the container F30 by vibration. Thereby, the to-be-separated powder 4 is crushed by the collision with the medium particles F64 and the like. Specifically, the adhesion between the resin powders 4a, the adhesion and entanglement between the fibers 4b, and the adhesion and entanglement between the resin powder 4a and the fibers 4b are unraveled.

  Further, the loosened resin powder 4a and fibers 4b are conveyed to the right side of the figure in accordance with the flow in the downstream direction of the medium particle layer F65.

  Further, when the powder 4 to be separated reaches the middle in the left-right direction of the container F30, the light powder, that is, the fiber 4b having a relatively small terminal velocity Ut is conveyed to the gas by the gas from the blowing pipe F42. The gas is discharged together with the gas from the medium particle layer F65 to the upper part. Specifically, the gas supplied to the medium particle layer F65 from the outlet F42a flows mainly upward in the medium particle layer F65 around the gas blowing pipe F42 by being blocked by the bottom surface F30b. At this time, the fibers 4b that have been easily ejected by crushing are accompanied by the gas and discharged upward from the medium particle layer F65.

  Since the gas blowing tube F42 is vibrated by the blowing tube vibrator F43, in the vicinity of the blowing tube F42, the effect of crushing the powder to be separated by the medium particles F64 is greatly improved, and the fibers 4b are extremely blown away. Therefore, the yield of the fibers 4b, that is, the separation accuracy can be improved.

  And the gas discharged | emitted with the fiber 4b which is light powder from the medium particle layer F65 is conveyed to the bag filter G via the discharge port 30d and the line L22.

  On the other hand, the resin powder 4a, which is a light powder that has a relatively large terminal velocity Ut and is not easily blown away, is mainly blown by the gas particle layer F65 without being blown away by the gas, but further downstream by the flow of the medium particle layer F65. move on. Then, when passing over the meshes F32c, F32b, and F32a, the resin powder 4a that can pass through the openings is classified according to the particle diameter by passing through the openings of the mesh, and the hoppers 91a, 91b, and 91c are classified for each particle size. To be recovered. The medium particles F64 that do not pass through the meshes 32a, 32b, and 32c are discharged from the discharge port 30c and returned to the supply port F30e by the medium particle circulation unit F60.

  As described above, in the precision wind classifier F according to the present embodiment, the powder 4 to be separated is sufficiently loosened by vibrating the medium particles F64, and the gas is supplied into the medium particle layer F65, thereby loosening the powder. The fibers 4b selectively jump out of the medium particle layer F65 together with the gas. Therefore, the resin powder 4a and the fiber 4b can be separated with extremely high accuracy.

  In addition, since the circulation flow is formed in the medium particles F64, it is easy to control the residence time of the powder 4 to be separated. Therefore, it is possible to perform the crushing with the medium particles F64 by taking a sufficient time before the fibers 4b are ejected by the gas, and the gas from the blowing pipe F42 before the resin powder 4a is recovered from the mesh F32c or the like. Can sufficiently recover the fiber 4b.

  Further, by disposing a plurality of gas blowing pipes F42 in the direction of the fixed direction flow of the medium particles, the fibers 4b can be discharged from the medium particle layer in a multistage manner, so that the separation efficiency can be improved. Further, since the gas blowing pipes F42 are arranged side by side in a direction intersecting with the direction of the constant direction flow, separation in a container having a wide width can be suitably performed, so that it is easy to increase the throughput.

  Further, by the mesh F32a, F32b, F32c provided at the bottom, it is possible to easily separate the medium particles F64 and the resin powder 4a that is heavy powder, and by changing the mesh size of the mesh, Resin powder classification is also possible.

  In addition, since the bottom surface F30b of the container F30 is an inclined surface, it is possible to realize a smooth circulation flow of the medium particles F64. In addition, it may not be a slope.

(Bug filter G, H)
Returning to FIG. 1, the bag filter G includes light powder (mainly fibers) discharged from the coarse wind classifier E via the line L20 and light powder discharged from the precision wind classifier F via the line L22 ( It is a filter that collects mainly fibers. The light powder collected by the bag filter G is supplied to the liquid mixing device J via the line L30.

  The bag filter H is a filter that collects light powder (mainly fibers) collected by the cyclone C1 and light powder (mainly fibers) collected by the cyclone C2. A blower 82 is connected to the bag filter H, and gas passes through the bag filter and is released to the atmosphere. The light powder collected by the bag filter H is supplied to the defibrating apparatus I via the line L32.

(Defibration device I)
The defibrating apparatus I is a device for unraveling fibers in light powder. As the defibrating apparatus I, the same one as exemplified in the defibrating apparatus D can be used. The light powder whose fibers have been unraveled by the defibrating apparatus I is supplied to the liquid mixing apparatus J through the line L33. By unraveling the fibers, it becomes easier to remove resin powder and the like taken into the intertwined fibers. What is necessary is just to supply to the rough wind classifier E when heavy powder is isolate | separated.

(Liquid mixing device J)
The liquid mixing device J mixes the light powder and the liquid, thereby loosening the entanglement between the fibers and facilitating removal of the fine resin powder taken into the entangled fibers in the light powder from the fibers. As the liquid, an organic solvent may be employed if necessary, but use of water is preferable from the viewpoint of post-treatment and the like.

  The form of the liquid mixing device J is not particularly limited as long as the liquid and the light powder can be mixed. For example, a liquid shower device called a water scrubber is brought into contact with the light powder, and the mixture of the liquid and the powder is stirred. A combination with a stirring tank is suitable for use. Specifically, the liquid mixing device J includes a container J1 that stores a liquid, and a stirrer J2 is provided in the container J1. A shower nozzle J3 is provided above the liquid level of the container J1. A liquid such as water is supplied to the nozzle J3 via a line L34 and a line L36. And the front-end | tip of the line L33 and the front-end | tip of the line L30 are provided in the position which takes the shower of the liquid supplied from the shower nozzle J3. Therefore, the light powder is struck by a liquid shower and then stirred together with the liquid in the container J1. In addition, even if it has only one of a water scrubber or a stirring layer, implementation is possible.

  Most of the light powder collected in the bag filters H and G are fibers, but if the resin powder is taken into the fiber entanglement, it is difficult to perform precision separation in a dry process, and the particle size is small. Resin powder, for example, resin powder of about 200 μm or less has a high adhesive force (electrostatic force, van der Waals force, etc.) to the fiber, and it is difficult to accurately separate it with a dry process. However, in this embodiment, the light powder is mixed with the liquid in the liquid mixing device J. In the liquid, the entanglement of the fibers is easier to loosen than in the gas phase, and in the liquid, the adhesion force of the resin powder to the fibers can be reduced compared to the gas phase. Thereby, it becomes easy to escape the resin powder taken in the entangled fibers from between the entangled fibers, and it is also easy to peel off the resin powder firmly adhered to the fibers from the fibers. And the liquid containing the fiber and resin powder which received such a process is supplied to the serial cyclone L via the line L38 and the pump J6.

(Series cyclone (separator) L)
In the serial cyclone L, the fluid inlets and the upper (light powder side) outlets of the cyclones LL1 to LL5 are connected in series. The lower (heavy powder side) outlet of each of the cyclones LL1 to LL5 is connected to the separation sedimentation tank M via a valve and a line L40.

  In each of the cyclones LL1 to LL5, a liquid containing fibers and fine particles is introduced. The fiber has a large aspect ratio and low density, and receives a large force from the fluid as compared to centrifugal force and gravity, so it is accompanied by the flow of the liquid and is discharged together with the liquid from the upper outlet, while the resin powder has an aspect ratio of By being pressed against the vessel wall by centrifugal force, which is smaller than that of the fiber, it is separated from the liquid flow and discharged from the lower outlet. The drained liquid containing the resin powder is supplied to the separation precipitation tank M through the line L40. Note that the number of cyclones LL is not particularly limited, and even a single cyclone LL can be implemented.

(Fiber dehydrator O)
The liquid containing the fibers discharged from the cyclone LL5 is supplied to a known fiber dewatering apparatus O via a line L41, and dehydration by vacuum suction, pressing, or the like, and drying operation by a heater O1 or hot air blowing is performed. Thus, a dry fiber assembly Z from which the resin powder has been precisely removed is obtained.

(Separation precipitation tank M)
The drainage from the fiber dehydrator O is supplied to the separation sedimentation tank M via the line L42. In the separation precipitation tank M, a slurry containing resin powder is precipitated, and dust DD containing resin powder as a main component is discharged from the bottom of the tank and supplied to the press machine N. The supernatant liquid is circulated and supplied to the line L34 of the liquid mixing apparatus J via the line L36, the particulate removal filter M1, and the pump M2. The liquid may contain various solvents and surfactants.

(Press machine N)
The press machine N compresses the dust containing the resin powder with the piston N1 to squeeze out the liquid, and then discharges it as solidified dust DDD. The drainage liquid is recovered in the separation sedimentation tank M via the line L43.

(Function and effect)
According to the present invention, for example, a composite resin waste material such as wallpaper containing fibers such as paper and a resin such as vinyl chloride is fragmented by the fragmentation device A and then, for example, in the powdering device B It is pulverized to about 300 μm or less to produce resin powder and fibers. Then, mainly light fibers are discharged from the line L2 as light powder, and the light powder from which the heavy powder is separated by the cyclone C1 is collected by the bag filter H. On the other hand, a heavy resin powder is discharged from the line L5 as a heavy powder and is supplied to the defibrating apparatus D through the cyclone C2. Here, the heavy powder collected by the cyclone C1 is supplied to the defibrating apparatus D, and the light powder collected by the cyclone C2 is supplied to the bag filter H.

  By the way, even if the resin is pulverized in the pulverizing apparatus B, the resin powder may remain in the fiber in which the resin powder is entangled, or the fine resin powder may adhere to the fiber. And the adhesive force of such resin powder becomes large especially when a particle diameter becomes small, and the precision separation of resin from a fiber is not easy.

  In the present embodiment, the liquid mixing apparatus J mixes powdered powder, particularly light powder with many fibers, with the liquid. In the liquid, the entanglement of the fibers is easier to loosen than in the gas phase, and in the liquid, the adhesion of the resin powder to the fibers can be reduced compared to the gas phase. Thereby, it becomes easy to escape the resin powder taken in the entangled fibers from between the entangled fibers, and it is also easy to peel off the resin powder firmly adhered to the fibers from the fibers. And since the fiber and the resin powder are separated in the liquid by the serial cyclone L (separator), the resin powder and the fiber can be separated efficiently and precisely.

  Further, in the defibrating apparatuses I and D, the fibers contained in the powder are loosened in advance before entering the liquid mixing apparatus J, and the discharge of the resin powder taken into the fibers is further facilitated. Separation of the fiber and the resin by the apparatus J and the serial cyclone L is further facilitated. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a fiber lump (for example, a sheet shape or the like) having a very low foreign matter content such as resin powder, for example, 0.5% by weight or less from the fiber dehydrator O.

  Furthermore, since the fiber lump is also prevented from being supplied to the coarse wind classifier E or the precision wind classifier F by the defibration in the defibrating apparatus D, the fiber lump is suppressed to the coarse wind classifier E or the precision wind classifier. Precise removal of fibers from the resin powder with F is also facilitated. Therefore, in the hoppers 91a, 91b, 91c, for example, resin powder of 0.5% by weight or less having a very low content of foreign matters such as fibers can be obtained.

  The high-purity resin powder and fiber mass obtained in this way are extremely suitable for recycling. For example, when using a PVC wallpaper coated with a PVC resin on paper as a composite resin waste, what contains pulp fiber as the main component as a light powder, a product containing resin powder as a heavy powder is obtained, Therefore, a high-purity polyvinyl chloride resin powder and a high-purity pulp fiber lump are obtained. The PVC resin powder can be suitably used as a recycled PVC material such as a recycled PVC compound, and the pulp fiber mass can also be used as, for example, a recycled paper raw material, a fleece wallpaper material, a soil conditioner, or the like.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Depending on the combination and ratio of the fiber and the resin in the composite resin material, both the fiber and the resin powder may be mainly discharged as light powder from the L2 in the powdering apparatus B. For example, when a construction sheet containing a vinyl chloride resin is pulverized into polyester or nylon cloth, adhering substances such as dust and cement are collected as light powder, and polyester fiber and vinyl resin powder are collected as heavy powder. Discharged. In this case, the necessity for high purity of the powder discharged from the line L2 is thin, the cyclone C1 is unnecessary, and the defibrating device I and the line L33 are unnecessary. On the other hand, fibers and resin powder are roughly separated by the coarse wind classifier E, and fibers are separated from the resin powder with higher precision by the precision wind classifier F. On the other hand, the fiber can be purified by removing the resin powder through the liquid mixing device J and the serial cyclone L. Except for the differences described above, the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, instead of the cyclone C1 or the cyclone C2, another dust collecting device such as a bag filter may be employed.

  Note that the present invention can be implemented even if a separation device other than the present embodiment is used as the precision wind classifier F. For example, another separator such as the coarse wind classifier E may be connected in series after the coarse wind classifier E. In some cases, the present invention can be implemented without the precision wind classifier F. Furthermore, the form of the coarse wind classifier E may be another wind classifier such as a cyclone, or may be a classifier such as a vibrating screen that does not use wind power. Further, a classification device using static electricity may be used.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the composite resin waste recycling system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the powdering apparatus in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the rotating shaft 20 of the powdering apparatus of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing various forms (a) to (g) of the striking member of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the rotating shaft 20 showing another embodiment of the powder device. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the precision separation apparatus in FIG. FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the composite resin waste recycling system according to the second embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  50 ... Blowing member, 20 ... Rotating shaft, 10 ... Cylindrical container, A ... Shredding device, B ... Powdering device, D, I ... Defibration device, E ... Coarse wind classifier (separator), F ... precision wind classifier (separator), J ... liquid mixer, L ... serial cyclone (separator), LL1 to LL5 ... cyclone, 100 ... composite resin waste recycling system.

Claims (6)

A pulverization apparatus for pulverizing a composite resin waste material containing fibers and resin by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a striking member in a cylindrical container;
A liquid mixing device for mixing the powder powdered by the powdering device with a liquid;
A separator for separating the powder into fibers and resin powder in a liquid containing the powder;
System for recycling composite resin waste.   The system for recycling a composite resin waste material according to claim 1, wherein the separation device includes a cyclone.   The system for recycling composite resin waste materials according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a defibrating device for defibrating fibers in the powder pulverized by the pulverizing device before supplying the fibers to the mixing device. .   The recycling system of the composite resin waste material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a fragmentation device that cuts the composite resin waste material supplied to the powderization device into pieces by cutting in advance with a blade. A pulverization apparatus for pulverizing a composite resin waste material containing fibers and resin by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a striking member in a cylindrical container;
A defibrating device for defibrating fibers in the powder pulverized by the powdering device;
A separation device for separating the powder containing the fibrillated fibers into fibers and resin powders;
System for recycling composite resin waste.   The system for recycling composite resin waste materials according to claim 5, wherein the separation device has an air classification device.

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