JP2008201575A - Remote monitoring system for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a remote monitoring system capable of grasping the stop situation of an elevator in a short time with high accuracy after occurrence of an earthquake. <P>SOLUTION: The remote monitoring system for the elevator is provided with an elevator database 2 recorded with information regarding location of the elevator 10, height of a building 9 and a kind of the elevator; and an earthquake distribution calculation means 4 for determining seismic intensity distribution from earthquake information. When the earthquake occurs, an object area to be monitored is sectioned to an area section corresponding to the seismic intensity distribution, and a sample elevator is selected based on the location of the elevator 10, the height of the building 9 and the kind of the elevator in every area section. The stopped number of the elevator is calculated from an operation ratio of an earthquake sensor in the sample elevator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for remotely monitoring the operation state of an elevator earthquake detector when an earthquake occurs.

If the elevator is equipped with a seismic detector, the elevator stops operation for safety if the seismic detector senses a shake that exceeds a threshold. The threshold is usually set in two stages, “specific” and “low”. When “specific” is detected, the operation is automatically restarted after a certain time, and when “low” is detected. Will resume operation after confirming that there are no abnormalities by inspection of maintenance personnel.

  When a relatively large earthquake occurs in a large city, many elevators detect “low” and stop, so it is necessary to take action to deal with wide-area disasters, such as calling unmaintened maintenance personnel. In order to immediately start such an action immediately after an earthquake and quickly restore the elevator, it is necessary to grasp the number of elevator stops in a short time and accurately after the earthquake occurs. In addition, in order to properly deploy maintenance personnel, it is necessary to ascertain the location of the stopped elevator as accurately as possible.

Conventionally, an elevator control device and a control center are connected by a communication line to monitor the operation state of an elevator earthquake detector. Patent Document 1 describes that the number of elevator stops and the distribution are predicted from information on the location of the earthquake and the magnitude of the earthquake.
In addition, by determining the ranking of the building where the seismic detector is easy to operate within the preset area division, by sending only the lowest ranking number among the buildings where the detector operated within the area division, Predicting the number of stops is described in Patent Document 2.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-314865 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-314866

  In the method of monitoring using a communication line, since the operating state of the earthquake detector is directly acquired, the operating state can be accurately grasped. However, since a telephone line is used as a communication line, it takes time on the order of seconds to communicate with each elevator, and it takes a lot of time to monitor the status of all elevators. Further, in order to improve the communication speed, it is necessary to spend a great deal of money to construct a new high-speed communication infrastructure.

  Moreover, in the thing of patent document 1, although it is possible to obtain a predicted value in about several seconds after the occurrence of an earthquake, it is difficult to raise the prediction accuracy because the dominant frequency of vibration differs for each earthquake.

  Moreover, in the thing of patent document 2, since the amount of information collection required is small, a predicted value can be obtained in about several minutes, but the ranking of the building in which the seismic detector is easy to operate is not necessarily the same for each earthquake. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the prediction accuracy.

  An object of the present invention is to grasp the number of stopped elevators with higher accuracy in a short time of several minutes after the occurrence of an earthquake. Another purpose is to grasp the location of the elevator that has stopped in a short time after the earthquake.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention transmits an earthquake detector for controlling stoppage of operation of an elevator installed in a building and the presence or absence of the operation of the earthquake detector to a monitoring center via communication means. An elevator remote monitoring system comprising: an elevator database in which information on the location of the elevator, the height of the installed building, and the type of elevator is recorded; and an earthquake distribution calculating means for obtaining a seismic intensity distribution from the earthquake information, When an earthquake occurs, the area to be monitored is divided into areas corresponding to the seismic intensity distribution, and sample elevators are selected for each area based on the location of the elevator, the height of the building, and the model of the elevator. The operation rate of the seismic detector in the sample elevator and the elevator for each region And a number, from one in which to calculate the elevator stop number.

  According to the present invention, the area classification is set based on the actual seismic intensity distribution of the earthquake that has occurred, the sample elevator is selected, and the number of elevator stops is determined from the operation rate of the earthquake detector in the sample elevator. The whole picture can be grasped with high accuracy in a short time of several minutes.

Details will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a remote monitoring system. The remote monitoring system includes an elevator selection means 1 for selecting an elevator to be monitored for the presence or absence of the operation of the earthquake detector, an operation state collection means 7 for monitoring the presence or absence of the operation of the earthquake detector for the selected elevator, and the collected operations. There is an operation number calculation means 13 for estimating the number of stops of the entire elevator from the state data. The operation of the seismic detector means that the seismic detector senses “low”, and the stop of the elevator means that the seismic detector senses “low” and requires inspection by maintenance personnel. Means that

The relationship between the magnitude of the ground shaking caused by the earthquake and the operation probability of the elevator earthquake detector can be generally expressed as an operation rate curve as shown in FIG. Here, various scales such as seismic intensity, maximum acceleration, maximum speed, SI value, etc. can be considered as the magnitude of ground shaking, but the seismic intensity is used as a representative example below.
In FIG. 2, the G ₀ point where the operating rate of the sensor exceeds 50% and the slope of the curve where the operating rate ranges from 0% to 100% indicate the height of the building where the elevator is installed and the detector installed. It depends on where you are. Here, as a place where the sensor is installed, there is a pit at the bottom of the hoistway or a machine room at the top.

The G ₀ point and the slope of the curve also vary depending on the dominant period representing the main frequency of earthquake motion. Therefore, even if the seismic intensity in a building is obtained from information on the epicenter location, magnitude, or actually observed seismic intensity, the operating rate of the sensor in that building varies due to the difference in the dominant period. The prediction accuracy cannot be increased.
Consider the effects of the difference in the dominant period of the earthquake as follows. Select a small number of elevators as samples in a certain area, and examine the actual operating state of the elevators. Then, the number of operating units in the entire region is estimated from the operating rate. Since the actual operation rate is obtained from the sample data, it is possible to obtain an operation rate that takes into account the influence of the prevailing period of the earthquake. However, sufficient accuracy cannot be obtained unless a sample elevator is appropriately selected.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the distribution of elevators in a certain area and the stop / non-stop state of each elevator. In the figure, a small square 20 represents an elevator, a white square represents a non-stop, and a black square represents a stop. A square 21 surrounded by a circle represents the elevator selected as a sample.

  In the example of FIG. 3, it is assumed that there are 48 elevators in the entire area segment, and the left half has seismic intensity 4 and the right half has seismic intensity 5 less than the dotted line in the figure. As a result of this seismic intensity distribution, 20 elevators are stopped, and 8 of the 16 elevators selected as samples are stopped.

  As shown by the dotted line in Fig. 3 (a), if the area division is set regardless of the seismic intensity distribution, the upper half of the area division has 5 stops for 8 samples, so the sensor operation rate in this area division is Estimated 5/8. In the lower half area segment, there are 3 stops for 8 samples, so the sensor activation rate in this area segment is estimated to be 3/8. Since the number of elevators included in each regional section is 24, the estimated value of the total number of stops is 24 × 5/8 + 24 × 3/8 = 24, which is larger than the actual number of stops.

  On the other hand, if the area division along the seismic intensity distribution is set as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 (b), in the area division of seismic intensity 4, there are 2 stops for 8 samples. The rate is estimated to be 2/8. In the area division with a seismic intensity of less than 5, there are 6 stops for 8 samples, so the sensor operation rate in this area division is estimated to be 6/8. The number of elevators included in the seismic intensity 4 area classification is 32, and the area classification of seismic intensity 5 slightly lower is 16, so the estimated total number of stops is 32 x 2/8 + 16 x 6/8 = 20 It corresponds to the number of stops.

  If the variance of operation / non-operation in the region is σ2 and the number of sample elevators is n, the variance of the estimated operating rate calculated from the sample elevators is statistically given by the following formula.

  In addition, since the variance of operation / non-operation in the regional division can be modeled as a binomial distribution with the values of non-stop = 0 and stop = 1, p can be expressed as Given.

  From the above relational expression, the variance of the estimated operating rate calculated from the sample elevator becomes the maximum when the true operating rate in the region section is 50%, and becomes smaller as the true operating rate approaches 0% or 100%.

  When the area division shown in FIG. 3 (a) is set, a high operation rate is obtained in an area with a seismic intensity of 5 but a low operation rate is obtained in an area with a seismic intensity of 4. Therefore, the operation rate is moderate in the whole area division. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when an area division is set along the seismic intensity distribution, a high operation rate is obtained in the area division corresponding to seismic intensity 5 and a low operation rate is obtained in the area division corresponding to seismic intensity 4. Therefore, the variance of the estimated values can be made smaller than in the case of estimating the operation rate based on the regional section shown in FIG.

Next, the effects of differences in building height and elevator models will be described.
Generally, in a rope type elevator with a machine room, an earthquake detector is installed in the machine room at the top of the hoistway. In rope elevators and hydraulic elevators without a machine room, an earthquake detector is installed at the bottom (pit) of the hoistway. As the building moves to the upper floor, the shaking due to the earthquake increases, so even if the seismic intensity is the same, the detector operating status varies depending on the type of elevator. The set value of the seismic detector is set higher in the machine room than in the pit so as to reduce the difference depending on the installation location, but there is also a difference. In addition, even if the model is installed in the same machine room, if the height of the building is different, the operating status of the sensor will be different.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the distribution of elevators in the case where buildings of different heights are mixed in a certain area division, and the stop / non-stop state of each elevator. In the figure, a small square 22 represents an elevator for a low-rise building, and a triangle 23 represents an elevator for a high-rise building. In each case, white indicates non-stop and black indicates stop. The circled items represent the elevator selected as a sample.

  In the example of FIG. 4, since four of the six samples are stopped, the number of all stopped elevators is calculated as 18 × 4/6 = 12 from all 18 elevators in the area. However, this is a value larger than the actual number of stops. Therefore, a sample is set for each type of building, and the number of stops is calculated for each type of building. In the example of FIG. 4, assuming that three low-rise building elevators and three high-rise building elevators are selected as samples, the operating rates of the samples are 1/3 and 3/3, respectively. Since there are 12 and 6 elevators in the low-rise building and high-rise building, respectively, the total number of stops is 12 × 1/3 + 6 × 3/3 = 10, which matches the actual number of stops. . As in the case of setting the regional division, the operation rate is low for low-rise buildings and the operation rate is high for high-rise buildings. Therefore, it is possible to improve the estimation accuracy by calculating these operation rates separately. The same can be said for the elevator model. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the number of stops with higher accuracy by setting a sample for each building height and each elevator model in each region and calculating the number of stops.

  From the above, the elevator selecting means 1 divides the target area into areas corresponding to the seismic intensity distribution, and performs a process of selecting a sample for each building height and elevator model in each area.

A specific selection procedure will be described below.
First, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic intensity distribution calculating means 4 calculates seismic intensity distribution data 3 from the earthquake information 5. As the earthquake information, the location and magnitude of the epicenter or seismic intensity data obtained at the observation point of the earthquake can be considered.
When calculating the seismic intensity distribution from the location and magnitude, for example, a distance attenuation formula is used. The distance attenuation formula is an empirical relational expression of the relationship between the observation point's distance from the epicenter and the magnitude of the observation point's shaking with respect to the magnitude. An example of the calculation procedure of the seismic intensity distribution using the distance attenuation formula is shown in FIG.

First, the maximum shaking speed PGV _B on the surface of the reference ground where the propagation speed of the seismic wave can be regarded as substantially uniform is calculated from parameters such as the distance X from the epicenter and the epicenter depth D. A specific calculation formula has the following form, for example.

  Here, MW is moment magnitude, and d is a parameter depending on the type of fault.

Next, the maximum speed PGV _S on the ground surface is obtained by multiplying the maximum speed PGV _B on the reference ground by the speed amplification factor _RG determined by the geological properties of the surface ground.

Then, seismic intensity I is obtained from PGV _S using an empirical relational expression.

  With the above calculation procedure, the seismic intensity at the location of the elevator is calculated for all elevators included in the elevator database 2 of the elevator shown in FIG. That is, the seismic intensity distribution data 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes the latitude / longitude (coordinates) of the location of the elevator included in the elevator database 2 and the seismic intensity at the coordinates. Then, if the elevators are classified for each seismic intensity level based on the seismic intensity data, the elevators are classified according to the regional division based on the seismic intensity distribution.

  On the other hand, when calculating the seismic intensity distribution from seismic intensity data obtained at the observation point of the earthquake, the seismic intensity distribution is obtained by interpolating surrounding seismic intensity based on the observed data. FIG. 6 shows an example of the seismic intensity interpolation method.

In FIG. 6A, the X and Y axes represent longitude and latitude, and the Z axis represents seismic intensity. Then, the ground surface is divided into meshes of appropriate sizes, and the seismic intensity value of each mesh section is represented by a point 30. At this time, the seismic intensity value of the mesh section containing the observation point is taken as the observation value. In the example of FIG. 6A, observation points 32, 33, and 34 are shown, and mesh division points including the respective observation points are indicated by black circles, and the values are 4.0 and 3. 0 and 3.0. In the interpolation calculation, the values of points indicated by white circles whose values are not yet determined are calculated based on the points whose values are already known. As a calculation method, for example, a white circle value is specified by giving a constraint condition that the curved surface 31 composed of black circles and white circles is as smooth as possible. For example, the following formula is used as such a constraint condition.

ここで、ｇはｚ＝ｇ(ｘ，ｙ)の形で表現した曲面３１であり、上記の式で計算されるコストＥが最小となるような白丸の点の値を求める。この計算は、例えば初期値を微小に修正しながら最適値を求める繰り返し最適化の計算手法により求める。以上の計算の結果、メッシュ区分の位置を表す座標とそのメッシュ区分の震度をペアとしたテーブルを図１の震度分布データ３として生成する。そして、エレベーターデータベース２のエレベーターの所在地座標が含まれるメッシュ区分を震度分布データ３から検索することにより、各エレベーターの震度を求める。例えば、各メッシュ区分の値が図６（ｂ）のように求まったとすると、図中の４０，４１，４２の位置にあるビルにおける震度は、それぞれ４.０，３.５，３.２となる。
各ビルにおける震度が求まれば、距離減衰式を用いた場合と同様に、エレベーターを震度階毎に分類することで、震度分布に基づいた地域区分によってエレベーターを分類することができる。

Here, g is the curved surface 31 expressed in the form of z = g (x, y), and the value of the white circle point that minimizes the cost E calculated by the above formula is obtained. This calculation is obtained, for example, by a repetitive optimization calculation method for obtaining an optimum value while slightly correcting the initial value. As a result of the above calculation, a table in which coordinates representing the position of the mesh section and the seismic intensity of the mesh section are paired is generated as seismic intensity distribution data 3 in FIG. Then, the seismic intensity of each elevator is obtained by searching the seismic intensity distribution data 3 for mesh sections including the elevator location coordinates in the elevator database 2. For example, if the values of each mesh section are obtained as shown in FIG. 6B, the seismic intensity in the buildings at positions 40, 41, and 42 in the figure are 4.0, 3.5, and 3.2, respectively. Become.
If the seismic intensity in each building is obtained, the elevators can be classified according to the regional division based on the seismic intensity distribution by classifying the elevators by seismic intensity level, as in the case of using the distance attenuation formula.

Next, the elevator selection means 1 shown in FIG. 1 further classifies each elevator group classified for each seismic intensity floor according to the number of floors of the building and the type of elevator. The number of floors of a building is classified into, for example, three types: a low-rise building with 10 floors or less, a middle-rise building with 11 to 20 floors, and a high-rise building with 21 floors or more.
The elevator models are classified into, for example, an elevator with a machine room in which an earthquake detector is installed in a machine room and an elevator without a machine room in a pit (including a hydraulic elevator). Thereby, the elevator group of each seismic intensity level is further subdivided into six small groups. For classification, information on the number of floors and model classification information included in the elevator database 2 are used.

  For each classified small group of elevators, select a small number of elevators as samples (for example, 1/10 of the number of elevators included in the small group). This selection is made so that, for example, the sample elevators are distributed as geographically as possible. This is because, even if the regional division is set based on the seismic intensity distribution, there are regions with a larger seismic intensity and smaller regions within the same division, so that the influence is mitigated. As a result of the above processing, the elevator selection list 6 shown in FIG. 1 is generated.

  Next, the operation state collection means 7 of FIG. 1 monitors the operation state of the earthquake detector for each elevator selected as a sample. Specifically, it is connected to the remote monitoring control device 11 installed in the elevator 10 of the building 9 through the communication means 8 such as a telephone line, and the presence or absence of the operation of the earthquake detector is investigated. As a result, the operation rate is calculated for each small group of sample elevators classified by seismic intensity floor, building height, and elevator model (12 in FIG. 1).

  Finally, the number-of-stops calculating means 13 in FIG. 1 calculates the number of all-stopped elevators by multiplying the number of all elevators included in each small group by the operation rate obtained for each small group and adding them together ( 14 in FIG. In addition, the above calculation process is implemented about the elevator in which the earthquake detector is installed. Regarding the presence / absence of the earthquake detector, information on the presence / absence of the detector included in the elevator database 2 is used.

The above processing procedure is to calculate the total number of elevator stops as the final calculation result, but using the operation rate for each small group obtained in the above processing procedure, the geographical distribution of stopped elevators Is displayed.
FIG. 7 is an example in which the area is divided into mesh sections 50 and the number of elevators estimated to be stopped in each mesh section is displayed in different colors. For each mesh section, the number of elevators in each small group included in the mesh section is multiplied by the operation rate of each small group, and the total is estimated to estimate the number of stop elevators in the mesh section.

  FIG. 8 shows the probability of stopping for each individual building (or elevator) 51 in different colors. This displays the operation rate of the small group to which each elevator belongs as a stop probability. By using these display methods, the location of the elevator that is stopped can be easily grasped.

  In calculating the number of elevator stops or displaying the diagrams shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, these pieces of information may be classified and displayed for each elevator model. That is, when calculating the number of elevator stops, the number of stops is calculated for each elevator model and displayed as a numerical value or as a distribution diagram as shown in FIG. Further, in FIG. 8, only the buildings where the elevator of the designated model is installed are displayed. By displaying such information, it is possible to know in advance the type and required number of repair parts to be prepared by the maintenance personnel who are heading for the recovery operation, so that the recovery operation can be made more efficient.

  In the above, elevator selection means 1, elevator database 2, seismic intensity distribution data 3, seismic intensity distribution calculation means 4, elevator selection list 6, operating state collection means 7, operation / non-operation totaling result 12, stop number calculation means 13, total number of stops 14, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are configured as, for example, programs and data on a computer system installed in a remote monitoring center of an elevator, or contents displayed on a display screen of the computer system.

The block diagram which shows the remote monitoring system which is one embodiment by this invention. The graph which shows the relationship between the magnitude of an earthquake shake, and the operation rate of an earthquake detector. The figure which shows an example of distribution of the stop and non-stop of an elevator. The figure which shows the other example of the stop stop / non-stop distribution of an elevator. The figure explaining the calculation method of seismic intensity distribution. The figure explaining calculation of seismic intensity distribution from seismic intensity observation data. The figure which shows distribution of the stop elevator by one Embodiment. The figure which shows the stop probability of the elevator by one Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevator selection means 2 Elevator database 3 Seismic intensity distribution data 4 Seismic intensity distribution calculation means 5 Earthquake information 6 Elevator selection list 7 Operating state collection means 8 Communication means 9 Building 10 Elevator 11 Remote monitoring and control device 12 Operation / non-operation totaling result 13 Number of stops Calculation means 14 Total number of stops

Claims (6)

In the remote monitoring system of the elevator that transmits the presence or absence of the operation of the earthquake detector to the monitoring center via the communication means and the earthquake detector for controlling the operation stop of the elevator installed in the building,
An elevator database in which information on the location of the elevator, the height of the installed building, and the type of elevator is recorded;
Seismic intensity distribution calculating means for obtaining seismic intensity distribution from earthquake information;
When an earthquake occurs, the area to be monitored is divided into areas corresponding to the seismic intensity distribution, and the height of the building where the elevator is installed for each area and the classification of the elevator model A sample elevator is selected, and the number of elevator stops is calculated from the operation rate of the seismic detector in the sample elevator and the number of elevators for each region and building height and model classification. Elevator remote monitoring system.   2. The seismic intensity distribution according to claim 1, wherein the seismic intensity distribution is obtained from seismic intensity data obtained at an epicenter location and magnitude or an earthquake observation point as seismic information, and the seismic intensity of each elevator in the monitored area is calculated to calculate the seismic intensity distribution. An elevator remote monitoring system, wherein the elevator is classified into sections.   The thing of Claim 1 WHEREIN: The area to be monitored is divided into minute sections, and for the elevators included in each minute section, the operation rate of the earthquake detector calculated for each of the classification sections and the classification included in the minute sections A remote monitoring system for elevators that calculates the number of stopped elevators in each subdivision from the number of elevators in each category and displays the geographical distribution of the number of stopped elevators.   The thing of Claim 1 WHEREIN: The operation rate of the said earthquake detector in the said sample elevator for every said area division is calculated | required, and the said operation rate of the said area division to which the said elevator belongs is displayed with the location of the said elevator as a stop probability. This is a remote monitoring system for elevators.   2. The elevator remote monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the number of stopped elevators is calculated and displayed for each elevator model.   2. The remote monitoring of an elevator according to claim 1, wherein an operation rate of the earthquake detector in the sample elevator is obtained, and the operation rate is calculated and displayed for each type of the elevator as a stop probability. system.

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