JP2008130450A - Manufacturing method of bipolar battery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a bipolar battery having high reliability and high output density. <P>SOLUTION: The manufacturing method of the bipolar battery having bipolar electrodes 110A to 110F having a positive electrode 113, a negative electrode 112, and a current collector 11 arranged between the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112, and also having an electrolyte layer arranged between the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112 has an electrode stacking process for alternately stacking a plurality of bipolar electrodes 110A to 110F and a plurality of electrolyte layers under vacuum. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bipolar battery, a battery pack incorporating the bipolar battery, a vehicle equipped with these, and a method of manufacturing the bipolar battery.

  In recent years, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions has been strongly desired for environmental protection. In the automobile industry, there is a great expectation for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by introducing electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, and attention has been focused on bipolar type (bipolar) batteries as a power source for driving motors, which is the key to their practical use. ing.

In a bipolar battery, a current collector in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are arranged and an electrolyte layer are stacked on each other (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-23003

  However, there is a problem that bubbles are mixed in the lamination. Bubbles, for example, impair ion migration and increase battery resistance, making it difficult to achieve high power density.

  The present invention has been made to solve the problems associated with the above-described prior art, and manufacture of a bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, and manufacturing a bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density. It is an object to provide a method, a battery pack having good reliability and a wide range of application, and a vehicle having good reliability.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1
A method for producing a bipolar battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a bipolar electrode having a current collector disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. There,
A method of manufacturing a bipolar battery, comprising: an electrode stacking step for alternately stacking a plurality of the bipolar electrodes and the electrolyte layers under vacuum.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 9 provides:
A bipolar battery manufactured by the method for manufacturing a bipolar battery according to claim 1.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 15 provides:
A battery pack comprising a plurality of bipolar batteries according to any one of claims 9 to 14 connected to each other.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 16 provides:
A vehicle comprising the bipolar battery according to any one of claims 9 to 14 or the assembled battery according to claim 15 mounted as a power source for driving a motor.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the bipolar electrode and the electrolyte layer are stacked in a vacuum, mixing of bubbles with respect to the stacked interface between the bipolar electrode and the electrolyte layer is suppressed. Therefore, the movement of ions during use in the manufactured bipolar battery is not harmed and the battery resistance does not increase, so that a high output density can be achieved. That is, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a bipolar battery having good reliability and high power density.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the bipolar electrode and the electrolyte layer are laminated in a vacuum, mixing of bubbles with respect to the laminated interface between the bipolar electrode and the electrolyte layer is suppressed. Therefore, the movement of ions during use is not harmed and the resistance of the battery does not increase, so a high power density can be achieved. That is, a bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density can be provided.

  According to the invention described in claim 15, since the assembled battery incorporates a bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, it can have good reliability and ensure a large output. it can. Further, when connecting bipolar batteries, the capacity and voltage can be freely adjusted by series or parallel connection. That is, it is possible to provide an assembled battery having good reliability and a wide application range.

  According to the sixteenth aspect of the invention, the power source for driving the motor of the vehicle has a bipolar battery that has good reliability and can ensure a large output. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vehicle having good reliability.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vehicle on which the assembled battery shown in FIG. 3 is mounted.

  Bipolar battery 110 according to Embodiment 1 is an electrolyte system, and includes positive electrode 113, current collector 111, electrolyte layer (not shown), spacer 120, first seal 115, and second seal 117. The current collector 111 is disposed between the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112. The electrolyte layer is formed by soaking the electrolytic solution into the negative electrode surface. The first seal 115 is disposed so as to surround the periphery of the positive electrode 113. The spacer 120 is disposed so as to cover the positive electrode 113 and the first seal 115. The second seal 117 is positioned on the spacer 120 in alignment with the first seal 115.

  The bipolar battery 110 is housed in an outer case 104 in the form of a laminate 100 for preventing external impact and environmental degradation. Terminal plates 101 and 102 are arranged on the outermost layer (the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer) of the laminate 100.

  The terminal plates 101 and 102 are made of a highly conductive member, and are configured to cover at least all of the outermost electrode projection surfaces of the multilayer body 100. Therefore, the resistance of the current extraction portion in the outermost layer is lowered, and the output of the battery can be increased by reducing the resistance in the current extraction in the surface direction. The highly conductive member is, for example, aluminum, copper, titanium, nickel, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof.

  The outer case 104 has electrode tabs 105 and 106 for drawing current from the terminal plates 101 and 102. The electrode tabs 105 and 106 and the terminal plates 101 and 102 can be connected directly or using leads. The electrode tabs 105 and 106 and the terminal plates 101 and 102 can be integrated.

  The exterior case 104 is an exterior such as a polymer-metal composite laminate film in which a metal (including an alloy) such as aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, or copper is covered with an insulator such as a polypropylene film from the viewpoint of weight reduction and thermal conductivity. It consists of a material, and part or all of the outer peripheral part is formed by joining by heat sealing | fusion.

  The outer case 104 can be used alone, but can be used, for example, in the form of an assembled battery 130. The assembled battery 130 is configured by connecting a plurality of exterior cases 104 in series and / or in parallel, and includes conductive bars 132 and 134. The conductive bars 132 and 134 are connected to terminal plates 101 and 102 extending from the inside of each outer case 104.

  The bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1 has good reliability and high output density as will be described later. Therefore, the assembled battery 130 has good reliability and can ensure a large output. Further, when the exterior case 104 is connected and configured, the capacitance and voltage can be freely adjusted by appropriately connecting in series or in parallel. The connection method is, for example, ultrasonic welding, heat welding, laser welding, rivet, caulking, or electron beam.

  The assembled battery 130 itself may be provided in the form of an assembled battery module (large-sized assembled battery) 140 by serializing and / or parallelizing and connecting a plurality of them.

  Since the assembled battery module 140 has good reliability and can secure a large output, for example, it can be provided as a motor driving power source of the vehicle 145 to provide a vehicle having good reliability. is there. The vehicle is, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a train.

  The assembled battery module 140 can perform very fine control such as charging control for each built-in exterior case 104 or each assembled battery 130, so that the travel distance per charge can be extended, and the life as an in-vehicle battery can be achieved. It is possible to improve the performance such as prolonging the time.

  FIG. 5 is a process diagram for explaining the bipolar battery manufacturing method according to the first embodiment.

  The bipolar battery manufacturing method according to the first embodiment includes an electrode forming process, a seal precursor arranging process, an electrode setting process, an electrolyte layer forming process, a vacuum introducing process, an electrode stacking process, a pressing process, and a vacuum releasing process. Have.

  Next, each step will be described in order with reference to FIGS. As will be described later, in the electrode stacking step according to the first embodiment, a plurality of bipolar electrodes and electrolyte layers are alternately stacked under vacuum, so that a bipolar battery in which mixing of bubbles is suppressed is obtained. It is done. Therefore, the movement of ions during use is not harmed and the battery resistance does not increase, so that a high output density can be achieved.

  6 is a front view for explaining the positive electrode according to the electrode forming step shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a rear view for explaining the negative electrode according to the electrode forming step shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. It is sectional drawing regarding line VIII-VIII of FIG.

  In the electrode forming step, first, the positive electrode slurry is adjusted. The positive electrode slurry has a positive electrode active material [85% by weight], a conductive additive [5% by weight], and a binder [10% by weight], and is adjusted to a predetermined viscosity by adding a viscosity adjusting solvent.

The positive electrode active material is LiMn ₂ O ₄ . The conductive auxiliary agent is acetylene black. The binder is PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride). The viscosity adjusting solvent is NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone).

  The positive electrode slurry is applied to one surface of a current collector 111 made of stainless steel foil (thickness 20 μm). The coating film of the positive electrode slurry is dried using, for example, a vacuum oven to form the positive electrode 113 made of a positive electrode active material layer having a thickness of 30 μm. At this time, NMP is removed by volatilization.

  Next, the negative electrode slurry is adjusted. The negative electrode slurry has a negative electrode active material [90% by weight] and a binder [10% by weight], and has a predetermined viscosity by adding a viscosity adjusting solvent. The negative electrode active material is hard carbon. The binder and viscosity adjusting solvent are PVDF and NMP.

  The negative electrode slurry is applied to the other surface of the current collector 111. The coating film of the negative electrode slurry is dried using, for example, a vacuum oven to form the negative electrode 112 made of a negative electrode active material layer having a thickness of 30 μm. At this time, NMP is removed by volatilization.

  As a result, the bipolar battery 110 in which the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112 are formed on one surface and the other surface of the current collector 111 is obtained.

  The bipolar battery 110 is cut to a size of 330 × 250 (mm). The outer peripheral portions of the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112 are peeled off with a width of 20 mm in order to expose the current collector.

The positive electrode active material is not limited to LiMn ₂ O ₄ , but it is preferable to apply a lithium-transition metal composite oxide from the viewpoint of capacity and output characteristics. For example, carbon black or graphite can be used as the conductive assistant. Further, the binder and the viscosity adjusting solvent are not limited to PVDF and NMP.

  The material constituting the current collector 111 is not limited to stainless steel foil, and for example, an aluminum foil, a nickel-aluminum clad material, a copper-aluminum clad material, or a plating material of a combination of these metals may be used. Is possible.

  The negative electrode active material is not limited to hard carbon (non-graphitizable carbon material), and for example, a graphite-based carbon material or a lithium-transition metal composite oxide can be used. A negative electrode active material made of carbon and a lithium-transition metal composite oxide is preferable from the viewpoint of capacity and output characteristics.

  The thicknesses of the positive electrode 113 and the negative electrode 112 are not particularly limited, and are set in consideration of the intended use of the battery (for example, emphasis on output and energy) and ion conductivity.

  9 is a front view for explaining the first seal precursor in the seal precursor arrangement step shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 9, and FIG. The front view for demonstrating the 2nd seal precursor of the seal precursor arrangement | positioning process shown, FIG. 12 is sectional drawing regarding the line XII-XII of FIG.

  In the seal precursor arrangement step, first, a first seal precursor (one-component uncured epoxy resin) 114 is arranged on the outer periphery of the positive electrode side where the current collector 111 is exposed. At this time, a non-arranged portion is provided with a width of about 10 mm from the outer peripheral end face. For example, application using a dispenser is applied to the arrangement of the first seal precursor 114.

  Next, the spacer 120 is arrange | positioned so that all the positive electrode side surfaces of the electrical power collector 111 may be covered. The spacer 120 is made of a polyethylene separator, and the thickness and size thereof are 12 μm and 335 × 255 (mm).

  Thereafter, a second seal precursor (one-component uncured epoxy resin) 116 is disposed on the spacer 120. At this time, the second seal precursor 116 is positioned so as to face (overlap) the arrangement site of the first seal precursor 114. For example, application using a dispenser is applied to the arrangement of the second seal precursor 116.

  The constituent material of the first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor 116 is not limited to the one-component uncured epoxy resin, and a material that exhibits a good sealing effect in the usage environment is appropriately selected according to the application. can do. For example, other thermosetting resins (polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.) and thermoplastic resins can be applied.

  The constituent material of the spacer 120 is not limited to polyethylene, and other polyolefins such as polypropylene, resin materials such as polyamide and polyimide can be applied.

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an electrode holding mechanism according to the electrode setting step shown in FIG.

  In the electrode setting step, six bipolar batteries 110 (110A to 110F) are set in the electrode stocker 150 with the negative electrode face up.

  The electrode stocker 150 includes an electrode holding mechanism 152, a support structure 154, a cradle 156, and a control unit (not shown).

  The electrode holding mechanism 152 has six clip mechanisms 153 capable of gripping two opposing positions on the outer peripheral portion of the bipolar battery 110, and six bipolar batteries 110 can be set. The part of the bipolar battery 110 held by the clip mechanism 153 is located in a region having a width of about 10 mm from the outer peripheral end face, and the first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor 116 are not arranged. It is a part.

  The support structure 154 has a frame shape to avoid interference when the bipolar battery 110 is set, and the electrode holding mechanism 152 is attached to the support structure 154. The mounting interval of the electrode holding mechanism 152 is set so that the electrodes 112 and 113 do not contact each other.

  The cradle 156 is fixed and is arranged to support the stacked bipolar battery 110. The control unit controls the clip mechanism 153 and is used for stacking the bipolar batteries 110 held by the clip mechanism 153.

  Therefore, in the electrode setting step, the electrodes 112 and 113 are set in the electrode stocker 150 without being in contact with each other and without being shifted in a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the electrodes 112 and 113. That is, it is possible to improve stacking accuracy and yield in the subsequent stacking process.

  In the bipolar battery 110F held at the lowest position, the first seal precursor 114, the second seal precursor 116, and the spacer 120 are not arranged.

  Further, the support structure 154 can be lowered with respect to the fixed cradle 156. However, the support structure 154 can be fixed and the cradle 156 can be movable.

  In the electrolyte layer forming step, 1 ml of the electrolyte is applied to the negative electrodes 112 of the five bipolar batteries 110B to 110F, excluding the bipolar battery 110A held at the top, using, for example, a micropipette. It is infiltrated by putting it on the surface.

The electrolytic solution contains an organic solvent composed of PC (propylene carbonate) and EC (ethylene carbonate), a lithium salt (LiPF ₆ ) as a supporting salt, and a small amount of a surfactant. The lithium salt concentration is 1M.

The organic solvent is not particularly limited to PC and EC, and for example, other cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, and ethers such as tetrahydrofuran can be applied. The lithium salt is not particularly limited to LiPF ₆ , and other inorganic acid anion salts and organic acid anion salts such as LiCF ₃ SO ₃ can be applied.

  14 is a schematic diagram for explaining the vacuum processing apparatus according to the vacuum introduction process to the vacuum release process shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram for explaining the electrode stacking process shown in FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the pressing step shown in FIG.

  The vacuum processing apparatus 160 includes a vacuum unit 162, a press unit 172, and a control unit 178.

  The vacuum unit 162 includes a vacuum chamber 163, a vacuum pump 164, and a piping system 165. The vacuum chamber 163 has a detachable (openable) lid, and a fixed base on which the electrode stocker 150 and the press means 172 are arranged. The vacuum pump 164 is, for example, a centrifugal type, and is used to bring the inside of the vacuum chamber 163 into a vacuum state. The piping system 165 is used to connect the vacuum pump 164 and the vacuum chamber 163, and a leak valve (not shown) is arranged.

  The press unit 172 includes a lower press plate 174, an upper press plate 176, a lower heating unit 175, and an upper heating unit 177 that are disposed so as to be close to and away from the lower press plate 174.

  The lower press plate 174 is provided with a receiving base 156 of the electrode stocker 150. The upper press plate 176 is used to press the stacked body of the bipolar batteries 110 in cooperation with the lower press plate 174.

  The lower heating means 175 and the upper heating means 177 have, for example, resistance heating elements and are disposed inside the lower press plate 174 and the upper press plate 176, and raise the temperature of the lower press plate 174 and the upper press plate 176. Used to make.

  The control unit 178 controls the temperature of the upper press plate 176 and the temperature of the lower heating unit 175 and the upper heating unit 177 to perform appropriate heat pressing on the stacked body of the bipolar battery 110 under vacuum. Used to do.

  Note that one of the lower heating unit 175 and the upper heating unit 177 can be omitted, or the lower heating unit 175 and the upper heating unit 177 can be arranged outside the lower press plate 174 and the upper press plate 176. .

  Next, a vacuum introduction process to a vacuum release process to which the vacuum processing apparatus 160 is applied will be sequentially described.

  In the vacuum introduction process, the lid of the vacuum chamber 163 is removed, and the electrode stocker 150 holding the bipolar battery 110 is disposed at the base of the vacuum chamber 163. When the lid of the vacuum chamber 163 is attached and the vacuum chamber 163 is sealed, the vacuum pump 164 is operated and the inside of the vacuum chamber 163 is evacuated.

  In the electrode stacking step, the support structure 154 of the electrode stocker 150 is lowered toward the cradle 156. Then, when the bipolar battery 110F held by the clip mechanism 153 of the support structure 154 comes into contact with the cradle 156, the clip mechanism 153 cancels the holding of the bipolar battery 110.

  By continuing the lowering of the support structure 154 with respect to the cradle 156, the bipolar batteries 110A to 110E positioned above the bipolar battery 110F are sequentially stacked as in the case of the bipolar battery 110F.

  As described above, since the bipolar battery 110 (110A to 110F) is stacked under vacuum, mixing of bubbles with respect to the stacked interface between the electrode and the electrolyte layer is suppressed. Therefore, the movement of ions during use is not harmed and the battery resistance does not increase, so that a high output density can be achieved.

  The bipolar batteries 110 </ b> A to 110 </ b> F are set on the support structure 154 of the electrode stocker 150 without the electrodes 112 and 113 being in contact with each other and without being shifted in the direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the electrodes 112 and 113. Yes. Therefore, stacking accuracy and yield are improved.

In the pressing process, the cradle 156 of the electrode stocker 150 is disposed on the lower press plate 174. At this time, the pedestal 156 holds the stacked body 100 of the bipolar batteries 110 formed by the electrode stacking process. The upper press plate 176 descends toward the lower press plate 174, presses the stacked body 100, and applies a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa.

  On the other hand, the lower heating means 175 and the upper heating means 177 are operated to heat the laminate of the bipolar battery 110 via the lower press plate 174 and the upper press plate 176. The laminated body of the bipolar battery 110 is heated to 80 ° C., which is the curing temperature of the one-component uncured epoxy resin constituting the first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor 116.

The first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor are maintained for 1 hour under the pressing conditions (surface pressure 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa and 80 ° C.) while maintaining the vacuum state in the electrode lamination step. 116 hardens | cures, the 1st seal | sticker 115 and the 2nd seal | sticker 117 of predetermined thickness are formed, and the laminated body 100 is obtained.

  As described above, since the presses are laminated under vacuum, it is possible to suppress the purge gas from being mixed into the lamination interface. Further, by controlling the distance between the lower press plate 174 and the upper press plate 176 during pressing and setting the thickness of the laminate 100 to a predetermined value, it is possible to reduce the volume and the electrolyte resistance. .

  Moreover, since it is a heating press, the first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor 116 are cured simultaneously, so that the manufacturing process can be shortened.

  It is possible to have a preheating step for preheating the laminated body before the pressing step. In this case, it is possible to shorten the time of the pressing process. If necessary, it is possible to provide another process for heating the laminated body of the bipolar battery 110 without increasing the temperature in the pressing process.

  In the vacuum release process, the vacuum pump 164 is stopped, and the vacuum state of the vacuum chamber 163 is released by opening the leak valve. The upper press plate 176 is raised, and the lid of the vacuum chamber 163 is removed. The cradle 156 of the electrode stocker 150 disposed on the lower press plate 174 is taken out while holding the laminated body 100. Further, parts of the electrode stocker 150 other than the cradle 156 are also taken out.

  In the bipolar battery stack 100, the terminal plates 101 and 102 are then disposed at the uppermost and lowermost positions and accommodated in the outer case 104 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

  FIG. 17 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the first embodiment.

  The discharge capacity was evaluated for the bipolar battery 110 according to Embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The discharge capacity is a capacity when the capacity estimated from the coating weight of the positive electrode is 100%. Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3 are an electrolyte-based bipolar battery, a gel polymer electrolyte-based bipolar battery, and an all-solid electrolyte-based bipolar battery, and their manufacture is performed under atmospheric pressure. Thus, it is generally different from the first embodiment.

  Regarding Embodiment 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, after charging for 2 hours at 21V-1C on a capacity basis estimated from the coating weight of the positive electrode, 1C constant current at the lower limit voltage of 12.5V After discharging, the capacity is measured. Regarding Comparative Example 3, after charging for 2 hours at 12.5V-1C on a capacity basis estimated from the coating weight of the positive electrode, 1C constant current discharge was performed at the lower limit voltage of 5V, and then the capacity was measured. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the first embodiment has a discharge capacity of 93%, and the comparative examples 1 to 3 have a discharge capacity of 70 to 80%. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, a high output density is achieved.

  As described above, the first embodiment provides an electrolyte-type bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, a method for manufacturing an electrolyte-type bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, An assembled battery having high reliability and a wide application range, and a vehicle having good reliability can be provided.

  The electrode setting step is preferably performed in the atmosphere in consideration of the installation step and the like, but can be performed in a vacuum as necessary. Moreover, the bipolar battery put into the laminating process is not limited to the form in which the electrolyte layer and the bipolar electrode are integrated, and a separate form can also be applied.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 18 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram for explaining the vacuum processing apparatus according to the second embodiment.

  The bipolar battery according to the second embodiment is an electrolyte solution, and the manufacturing method thereof includes an electrode formation step, a seal precursor placement step, an electrode setting step, an electrolyte layer formation step, a vacuum introduction step, an electrode lamination step, It has a 1-press process, an initial charge process, a second press process, and a vacuum release process, and is generally different from the first embodiment in that the press process is divided into two through the initial charge process.

  In the following, members having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by similar reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted to avoid duplication. Moreover, since the electrode forming step to the electrode stacking step and the vacuum releasing step substantially coincide with those of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  The vacuum processing apparatus 260 according to the second embodiment includes a charge / discharge device 280 for the initial charging process. The charging / discharging device 280 is configured to be electrically connected to the stacked body 200 via the lower press plate 274 and the upper press plate 276 of the press means 272. Reference numerals 262, 263, 264, 265, and 278 indicate vacuum means, a vacuum chamber, a vacuum pump, a piping system, and a control unit.

  Next, a 1st press process, an initial charging process, and a 2nd press process are demonstrated.

In the first pressing step, the cradle of the electrode stocker 250 is disposed on the lower press plate 274 while maintaining the vacuum state in the electrode stacking step. At this time, the pedestal of the electrode stocker 250 holds the stacked body 200 formed by the electrode stacking process. The upper press plate 276 descends toward the lower press plate 274, presses the stacked body 200, and applies a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa.

  On the other hand, the lower heating means 275 and the upper heating means 277 are not operated and are held at room temperature for 60 seconds. Thereby, the first seal precursor and the second seal precursor have a predetermined thickness.

  In addition, the press conditions of a 1st press process are not specifically limited, Considering the press conditions of a 2nd press process, it sets so that a 1st seal precursor and a 2nd seal precursor may not harden | cure.

  In the initial charging step, the initial charging is performed under vacuum on the laminate 200 via the first pressing step via the lower press plate 274 and the upper press plate 276 of the pressing means 272. Therefore, since the bubbles generated by the initial charge are removed, the output density of the battery can be improved. The initial charging conditions are 4 hours at 21 V-0.5 C, based on the capacity estimated from the coating weight of the positive electrode.

In the second pressing step, the laminated body 200 in which the initial charging is completed is heated and pressed in a state where the vacuum state in the initial charging step is maintained. The pressing condition is the same as in the first embodiment, which is holding for 1 hour at a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa and 80 ° C. Thereby, the first seal precursor and the second seal precursor are cured, the first seal and the second seal having a predetermined thickness are formed, and the laminate 200 is obtained.

  FIG. 20 is a table for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the second embodiment has a discharge capacity of 98%, and the output density is improved as compared with the first embodiment (see FIG. 17) having a discharge capacity of 93%. Yes.

  As described above, the second embodiment can achieve higher power density than the first embodiment.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 21 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the third embodiment.

  The bipolar battery according to Embodiment 3 is a gel polymer electrolyte system, and its manufacturing method includes an electrode formation step, an electrolyte layer formation step, a seal precursor formation step, an electrode setting step, a vacuum introduction step, an electrode lamination step, It has a press process and a vacuum release process.

  Next, each step will be described sequentially. 22 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the seal precursor arranging step shown in FIG. 21, and FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the electrode setting step shown in FIG.

  In the electrode formation step, the bipolar battery 310 in which the positive electrode 313 and the negative electrode 312 are respectively formed on one surface and the other surface of the current collector 311 is obtained as in the first embodiment.

  In the electrolyte layer forming step, an electrolyte is applied to the electrode portions of the positive electrode 313 and the negative electrode 312.

  The electrolyte has an electrolytic solution [90% by weight] and a host polymer [10% by weight], and has a viscosity suitable for coating by adding a viscosity adjusting solvent.

The electrolytic solution contains an organic solvent composed of PC (propylene carbonate) and EC (ethylene carbonate), and a lithium salt (LiPF ₆ ) as a supporting salt. The lithium salt concentration is 1M.

  The host polymer is PVDF-HFP (copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene) containing 10% of HFP (hexafluoropropylene) copolymer. The viscosity adjusting solvent is DMC (dimethyl carbonate).

  The electrolyte applied to the electrode part is dried and the DMC is volatilized to form gel polymer electrolyte layers 318 and 319 on the positive electrode 313 and the negative electrode 312.

  The host polymer is not limited to PVDF-HFP, and other polymers that do not have lithium ion conductivity or polymers that have ion conductivity (solid polymer electrolyte) can also be applied. Other polymers having no lithium ion conductivity are, for example, PAN (polyacrylonitrile) and PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). Examples of the polymer having ion conductivity include PEO (polyethylene oxide) and PPO (polypropylene oxide). The viscosity adjusting solvent is not limited to DMC.

  In the seal precursor forming step, the first seal precursor 314, the spacer 320, and the second seal precursor 316 are arranged as in the first embodiment.

  In the electrode setting process, the six bipolar batteries 310 (310A to 310F) are not in contact with each other with the negative electrode face up, and the surface direction of the electrodes 312 and 313 is not in contact with each other. It is set on the support structure 354 of the electrode stocker 350 without shifting in the vertical direction.

  Note that the bipolar battery 310F held at the lowest level does not include the gel polymer electrolyte layer 318, the first seal precursor 314, the second seal precursor 316, and the spacer 320 on the positive electrode side. The bipolar battery 310A held at the uppermost layer does not have the gel polymer electrolyte layer 319 on the negative electrode side.

  In the vacuum introduction process, when the electrode stocker holding the bipolar battery 310 is disposed at the base of the vacuum chamber, the inside of the vacuum chamber is held in a vacuum state.

  In the electrode stacking step, the bipolar batteries 310A to 310F are sequentially stacked by sequentially eliminating the gripping of the clip mechanism 353 while lowering the support structure 354 with respect to the receiving table 356 under vacuum.

In the pressing step, the laminated body 300 is heated and pressed while maintaining a vacuum state. The pressing conditions are 1 hour holding at a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa and 80 ° C. Thereby, the first seal precursor and the second seal precursor are cured, and the first seal and the second seal having a predetermined thickness are formed. The gel polymer electrolyte layers 318 and 319 are plasticized and have a predetermined thickness.

  Since the gel polymer electrolyte layers 318 and 319 are of a thermoplastic type in which an electrolytic solution is held in a polymer skeleton, liquid leakage is prevented and a liquid crystal is prevented and a highly reliable bipolar battery can be configured.

  In addition, since the pressing is performed under heating, the first seal precursor 114 and the second seal precursor 116 are cured and the gel polymer electrolyte layers 318 and 319 are completed at the same time, so that the manufacturing process can be shortened. it can.

  In the vacuum releasing step, the vacuum state of the vacuum chamber is released and the stacked body 300 is taken out.

  FIG. 24 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the third embodiment.

  The third embodiment has a discharge capacity of 90% and achieves a higher output density than Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (see FIG. 17) having a discharge capacity of 70 to 80%.

  As described above, the third embodiment is a gel polymer electrolyte bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, a method for producing a gel polymer electrolyte bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, An assembled battery having good reliability and a wide application range, and a vehicle having good reliability can be provided.

  The gel polymer electrolyte is not limited to a thermoplastic type, and a thermoplastic type can also be applied. Also in this case, it is possible to constitute a bipolar battery that prevents liquid leakage and prevents liquid junction and has high reliability.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 25 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the fourth embodiment.

  The bipolar battery according to Embodiment 4 is a gel polymer electrolyte system, and its manufacturing method includes an electrode formation step, an electrolyte layer formation step, a seal precursor formation step, an electrode setting step, a vacuum introduction step, an electrode lamination step, It has a first press step, an initial charge step, a second press step, and a vacuum release step, and is generally different from the third embodiment in that the press step is divided into two through the initial charge step. Since the operating conditions of the first pressing step, the initial charging step, and the second pressing step are the same as those in the second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted to avoid duplication.

  FIG. 26 is a table for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the fourth embodiment.

  The fourth embodiment has a discharge capacity of 97%, and the output density is improved as compared with the third embodiment (see FIG. 24) having a discharge capacity of 90%.

  As described above, the fourth embodiment can achieve a higher power density than the third embodiment.

  Next, a fifth embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 27 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the fifth embodiment.

  The bipolar battery according to the fifth embodiment is an all-solid electrolyte system, and its manufacturing method includes an electrode forming process, an electrolyte layer forming process, an electrode setting process, a vacuum introducing process, an electrode stacking process, a pressing process, and a vacuum releasing process. Have

  Next, each step will be described sequentially. 28 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the formation of the solid electrolyte layer shown in FIG. 27, FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the formation of the electrode setting step shown in FIG. 27, and FIG. It is the schematic for demonstrating the vacuum processing apparatus which concerns on the form 5.

  In the electrode forming step, first, the positive electrode slurry is adjusted. The positive electrode slurry comprises a positive electrode active material [22% by weight], a conductive auxiliary agent [6% by weight], a polymer [18% by weight], a lithium salt [9% by weight] as a supporting salt, and a slurry viscosity adjusting solvent [45% by weight]. And a small amount of a polymerization initiator.

The positive electrode active material is LiMn ₂ O ₄ . The conductive auxiliary agent is acetylene black. The polymer is polyethylene oxide (PEO). The lithium salt is Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N. The slurry viscosity adjusting solvent is NMP. The polymerization initiator is AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile).

  The positive electrode slurry is applied to one surface of a current collector 511 made of stainless steel foil. The coating film of the positive electrode slurry is held at 110 ° C. for 4 hours using an oven, for example, and cured by thermal polymerization, whereby the positive electrode 513 including the positive electrode active material layer is formed.

  Next, the negative electrode slurry is adjusted. The negative electrode slurry comprises a negative electrode active material [14% by weight], a conductive auxiliary agent [4% by weight], a polymer [20% by weight], a lithium salt [11% by weight] as a supporting salt, and a slurry viscosity adjusting solvent [51% by weight]. And a small amount of a polymerization initiator.

The negative electrode active material is Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ . The conductive auxiliary agent is acetylene black. The polymer is PEO. The lithium salt is Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N. The slurry viscosity adjusting solvent is NMP. The polymerization initiator is AIBN.

  The negative electrode slurry is applied to the other surface of the current collector 511. The coating film of the negative electrode slurry is held, for example, at 110 ° C. for 4 hours using an oven, and cured by thermal polymerization, whereby the negative electrode 512 made of the negative electrode active material layer is formed.

  As a result, a bipolar battery 510 in which the positive electrode 513 and the negative electrode 512 are formed on one surface and the other surface of the current collector 511 is obtained.

  The bipolar battery 510 is cut to a size of 330 × 250 (mm). The outer peripheral portions of the positive electrode 513 and the negative electrode 512 are peeled off with a width of 10 mm in order to expose the current collector 511.

  In the electrolyte layer forming step, first, a solid electrolyte slurry is prepared. The solid electrolyte slurry contains a polymer [64.5% by weight] and a lithium salt [35.5% by weight] as a supporting salt, and has a predetermined viscosity by a viscosity adjusting solvent.

The polymer is PEO. The lithium salt is Li (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ N. The viscosity adjusting solvent is acetonitrile. The polymer is not limited to PEO, and other solid polymer electrolytes (for example, PPO) and inorganic solid electrolytes having ion conductivity such as ceramics can also be applied.

  The solid electrolyte slurry is applied only to the electrode portion of the positive electrode 513. By drying the coating layer of the solid electrolyte slurry, the viscosity adjusting solvent is volatilized to form a 40 μm all solid electrolyte layer 539. In the all solid electrolyte layer 539, there is no leakage, and a highly reliable bipolar battery can be configured.

  On the other hand, an insulating material 515 is disposed on the outer periphery of the positive electrode side of the bipolar battery 510 where the current collector 511 is exposed. The insulating material 515 is, for example, a polyimide Kapton (registered trademark) tape.

  In the electrode setting step, as in the first embodiment, the six bipolar batteries 510 (510A to 510F) are not in contact with each other with the electrodes 512 and 513 in contact with the negative electrode face up. , 513 is set on the support structure 554 of the electrode stocker 550 without being displaced in the direction perpendicular to the surface direction.

  Note that the bipolar battery 510F held at the lowest level does not include the positive electrode 513, the all solid electrolyte layer 539, and the insulating material 515. The bipolar battery 510 </ b> A held at the top does not have the negative electrode 512.

  In the vacuum introduction process, when the electrode stocker 550 holding the bipolar battery 510 is disposed at the base of the vacuum chamber 563, the inside of the vacuum chamber 563 is held in a vacuum state.

  In the electrode stacking step, as in the first embodiment, the holding of the clip mechanism 553 is sequentially eliminated while lowering the support structure 554 with respect to the pedestal 556 under vacuum, so that the bipolar batteries 510A˜ 510F are sequentially stacked.

In the pressing step, the laminated body 500 is pressed in a state where a vacuum state is maintained. The pressing condition is a holding for 3 minutes at a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa and a normal temperature. As a result, the negative electrode 512 and the all solid electrolyte layer 539 are in close contact with each other. In the pressing process according to the fifth embodiment, since no heating press is applied, no heating means is disposed in the lower press plate 574 and the upper press plate 576 of the pressing means 572 of the vacuum processing apparatus 560. Reference numerals 562, 564, 565, and 578 indicate a vacuum means, a vacuum pump, a piping system, and a control unit.

  In the vacuum releasing step, the vacuum state of the vacuum chamber 563 is released, and the stacked body 500 is taken out.

  FIG. 31 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the fifth embodiment.

  The fifth embodiment has a discharge capacity of 91% and achieves a higher output density than Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (see FIG. 17) having a discharge capacity of 70 to 80%.

  As described above, the fifth embodiment is an all-solid electrolyte bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density, and a manufacturing method of an all-solid electrolyte bipolar battery having good reliability and high output density. An assembled battery having good reliability and a wide application range, and a vehicle having good reliability can be provided.

  Next, a sixth embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 32 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram for explaining the vacuum processing apparatus according to the sixth embodiment.

  The bipolar battery according to the sixth embodiment is an all-solid electrolyte system, and its manufacturing method includes an electrode formation process, an electrolyte layer formation process, an electrode setting process, a vacuum introduction process, an electrode lamination process, a first press process, It has a charge process, a 2nd press process, and a vacuum release process. It is generally different from the fifth embodiment in that the pressing process is divided into two through the initial charging process.

  Moreover, the vacuum processing apparatus 660 has the charging / discharging apparatus 680 for an initial charging process. The charging / discharging device 680 is configured to be electrically connectable to the stacked body via the lower press plate 674 and the upper press plate 676 of the press means 672. Reference numerals 662, 663, 664, 665, and 678 denote a vacuum means, a vacuum chamber, a vacuum pump, a piping system, and a control unit.

  Next, a 1st press process, an initial charging process, and a 2nd press process are demonstrated.

In the first pressing step, the pedestal of the electrode stocker 650 is disposed on the lower press plate 674 while maintaining the vacuum state in the electrode stacking step. At this time, the pedestal of the electrode stocker 650 holds the stacked body 600 formed by the electrode stacking process. The upper press plate 676 of the pressing means 672 descends toward the lower press plate 674, presses the laminate, applies a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa, and is held at room temperature for 60 seconds. Thereby, a negative electrode and an all-solid-state electrolyte layer contact.

  In the initial charging step, the first charge is performed under vacuum on the stacked body 600 that has passed through the first press step via the lower press plate 674 and the upper press plate 676. Therefore, since the bubbles generated by the initial charge are removed, the output density of the battery can be improved. The initial charging condition is a capacity base estimated from the coating weight of the positive electrode and is 2.5 V-0.5 C for 4 hours.

In the second pressing step, the laminated body that has been initially charged is pressed in a state in which the vacuum state in the initial charging step is maintained. The pressing conditions are a 60-second holding at a surface pressure of 1.0 × 10 ⁵ Pa and a normal temperature. As a result, the generated gas is expelled to the outside, and the negative electrode 612 and the all solid electrolyte layer 639 are in close contact with each other.

  FIG. 34 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to the sixth embodiment.

  The sixth embodiment has a discharge capacity of 95%, and the output density is improved as compared with the fifth embodiment (see FIG. 31) having a discharge capacity of 91%.

  As described above, the sixth embodiment can achieve a higher power density than the fifth embodiment.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

1 is a perspective view for explaining a bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the assembled battery using the bipolar battery shown by FIG. It is the schematic of the vehicle by which the assembled battery shown by FIG. 3 is mounted.

FIG. 3 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the first embodiment. It is a front view for demonstrating the positive electrode which concerns on the electrode formation process shown by FIG. It is a rear view for demonstrating the negative electrode which concerns on the electrode formation process shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing regarding line VIII-VIII of FIG. It is a front view for demonstrating the 1st seal precursor of the seal precursor arrangement | positioning process shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing regarding line XX of FIG. It is a front view for demonstrating the 2nd seal precursor of the seal precursor arrangement | positioning process shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing regarding the line XII-XII of FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the electrode holding mechanism which concerns on the electrode setting process shown by FIG. It is the schematic for demonstrating the vacuum processing apparatus which concerns on the vacuum introduction process-vacuum release process shown by FIG. It is the schematic for demonstrating the electrode lamination process shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the press process shown by FIG. 4 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vacuum processing apparatus according to a second embodiment. 5 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 10 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the third embodiment. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the seal | sticker precursor arrangement | positioning process shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the electrode setting process shown by FIG. 10 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 10 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the fourth embodiment. 10 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 4. FIG. 10 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the fifth embodiment. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating formation of the solid electrolyte layer shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating formation of the electrode setting process shown by FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vacuum processing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment. 10 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 5. FIG. 10 is a process diagram for explaining the manufacturing method of the bipolar battery according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a vacuum processing apparatus according to a sixth embodiment. 12 is a chart for explaining the evaluation results of the discharge capacity of the bipolar battery according to Embodiment 6.

Explanation of symbols

100 ... Laminated body,
101, 102 ... Terminal plate,
104 .. Exterior case,
105, 106.. Electrode tab,
110 (110A to 110F) .. Bipolar battery,
111 .. current collector,
112 .. Negative electrode,
113 .. Positive electrode,
114 .. First seal precursor,
115 .. First seal,
116 .. Second seal precursor,
117 .. second seal,
120 .. Spacer,
130..Battery,
132,134 ... conductive bar,
140..Battery module,
145 ... Vehicle,
150 .. electrode stocker,
152 .. Electrode holding mechanism,
153 .. Clip mechanism,
154 .. Support structure,
156 ... the cradle,
160 ... Vacuum processing equipment,
162..Vacuum means,
163 ... Vacuum chamber,
164 ... Vacuum pump
165 ... Piping system
172 ..Pressing means,
174 ... Lower press plate,
175 .. Lower heating means,
176 .. Upper press plate,
177 .. Upper heating means,
178 .. Control part,
200 ... Laminated body,
250 .. Electrode stocker,
260 .. Vacuum processing equipment,
262 .. Vacuum means,
263 ... Vacuum chamber,
H.264 ・ ・ Vacuum pump
265 ... Piping system
272 ... Pressing means
274 ... Lower press plate,
275 .. Lower heating means,
276 .. Upper press plate,
277 .. Upper heating means,
278 .. Control part,
280 ... Charge / discharge device,
300 ... Laminated body,
310 .. Bipolar battery,
310 (310A to 310F) .. Bipolar battery,
311 ... current collector,
312 .. Negative electrode,
313 .. Positive electrode,
314 .. First seal precursor,
316 .. Second seal precursor,
318, 319 .. Gel polymer electrolyte layer,
320 .. spacer,
350 .. Electrode stocker,
353 .. Clip mechanism,
354 .. Support structure,
356 ... the cradle,
500 ... Laminated body,
510 (510A to 510F) .. Bipolar battery,
511 .. current collector,
512 .. Negative electrode,
513 .. Positive electrode,
515..Insulating material,
539..All solid electrolyte layer,
550 .. Electrode stocker,
553 .. Clip mechanism,
554 .. Support structure,
556 .. cradle,
560 ... Vacuum processing equipment,
562..Vacuum means,
563 .. Vacuum chamber,
564 ... Vacuum pump,
565-Piping system,
572 ... Pressing means,
574 ... Lower press plate,
576 .. Upper press plate,
578 .. control part,
612 .. Negative electrode,
639..All solid electrolyte layer,
650 .. Electrode stocker,
660 ... Vacuum processing equipment,
662 ..Vacuum means,
663 .. Vacuum chamber,
664 ... Vacuum pump
665 ... Piping system
672 ... Pressing means
674 ... Lower press plate,
676 .. Upper press plate,
678 .. Control part,
680 .. Charge / discharge device.

Claims (17)

A method for producing a bipolar battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a bipolar electrode having a current collector disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. There,
A method of manufacturing a bipolar battery, comprising: an electrode stacking step for alternately stacking the bipolar electrode and the electrolyte layer under vacuum.   2. The bipolar device according to claim 1, further comprising an electrode setting step for setting the electrode holding mechanism so that the electrodes do not contact each other before the bipolar electrode is put into the electrode stacking step. Type battery manufacturing method.   3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a first pressing step for pressing the laminate formed by the electrode lamination step in a state where the vacuum state in the electrode lamination step is maintained. The manufacturing method of the bipolar battery of description.   The method of manufacturing a bipolar battery according to claim 3, wherein the press in the first pressing step is a heating press.   5. The method of manufacturing a bipolar battery according to claim 4, further comprising a preheating step for preheating the laminate before the first pressing step. 6.   The bipolar according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising an initial charging step for performing initial charging under vacuum on the laminate through the first pressing step. Type battery manufacturing method.   The bipolar battery according to claim 6, further comprising a second pressing step for pressing the laminated body that has been subjected to the initial charging in a state where the vacuum state in the initial charging step is maintained. Manufacturing method.   The bipolar battery manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein the pressing in the second pressing step is a heating press.   A bipolar battery manufactured by the method for manufacturing a bipolar battery according to claim 1.   The bipolar battery according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte layer is a thermosetting gel polymer electrolyte in which an electrolytic solution is held in a polymer skeleton.   The bipolar battery according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte layer is a thermoplastic gel polymer electrolyte in which an electrolytic solution is held in a polymer skeleton.   The bipolar battery according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte layer is a complete solid electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a lithium-transition metal composite oxide as a positive electrode active material,
The bipolar battery according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the negative electrode contains carbon or a lithium-transition metal composite oxide as a negative electrode active material. A conductive member covering all of the electrode projection surface of the outermost layer in the laminate formed by the electrode lamination step;
The bipolar battery according to claim 9, wherein the conductive member is used to draw current.   15. An assembled battery comprising a plurality of bipolar batteries according to claim 9 connected to each other.   A vehicle comprising the bipolar battery according to any one of claims 9 to 14 or the assembled battery according to claim 15 mounted as a power source for driving a motor.   The vehicle according to claim 16, wherein the vehicle is an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle.

Images