JP2008127920A - Foundation and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a foundation capable of further improving durability. <P>SOLUTION: A foundation 15 is provided with a concrete foundation 16 comprised of a footing part 17 and a rise part 18. The rise part 18 has an outdoor surface 18a, an indoor surface 18b, and a top end surface 18c. The concrete foundation is covered by a moistureproof sheet 32 from the lower end of the indoor surface 18b to the upper end position of the outdoor surface 18a via the top end surface 18c. The lower part of the moistureproof sheet 32 at the indoor side is buried with a backfill soil in order to fix the moistureproof sheet 32 to the concrete foundation 16. And a plurality of fixing fittings 35 is disposed in a longitudinal direction of the foundation 15 with an interval of one meter by pinching the moistureproof sheet 32. A slightly elastic coating layer 33 having elasticity is formed on a ground exposed surface of the outdoor surface 18a and a weather resistant surface 34 having elasticity and weatherability is formed at the outdoor side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a foundation and a method for manufacturing the same.

  The foundation of a building such as a house is generally reinforced concrete. Concrete is generally strong in compressive force but weak in tensile force. Reinforced concrete is a structure in which reinforcing bars that are strong against tensile forces are placed where the tensile forces are generated. Therefore, it can be said that reinforced concrete is highly durable and suitable as a base material.

  By the way, healthy reinforced concrete is strongly alkaline because it contains a large amount of calcium hydroxide. Due to its nature, an oxide film called a passive film is formed on the surface of the reinforcing steel inside the reinforced concrete. And the reinforcing bar is protected from oxidation by the oxide film.

  However, when carbon dioxide contained in the air or rainwater enters the reinforced concrete, carbonic acid is generated, and this carbonic acid becomes a supply source of hydrogen ions and combines (neutralizes) with the hydroxide ions, so that the reinforced concrete becomes medium. Be sexualized. As neutralization proceeds, the oxide film is destroyed and rust is generated around the reinforcing bars. When rust is generated in a reinforcing bar, its volume increases, and the concrete around the reinforcing bar is pressed to cause cracks in the concrete. As a result, the strength of the reinforced concrete is lost and the durability is lowered.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, an epoxy resin coating layer 59 having permeability and waterproofness is formed on the outdoor side surface 58a of the rising portion 58 of the concrete foundation 56 as shown in FIG. A structure in which an elastic mortar layer 60 having elasticity is formed on the surface of the epoxy resin coating layer 59 has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). According to this, the epoxy resin coating layer 59 penetrates into the concrete foundation 56 and fills the gaps, and has an effect of suppressing the intrusion of carbon dioxide and the penetration of moisture. Even if some cracks are generated on the surface of the concrete foundation 56 due to the temperature change of the outside air, the elastic mortar layer 60 extends following the cracks, so that the above effect is maintained. As a result, it is expected that the effect of suppressing the neutralization of concrete can be achieved and the durability of the foundation 55 can be maintained.
JP 2005-344421 A

However, in the above technique, it has been found that since the epoxy resin coating layer 59 and the like are formed only on the outdoor side surface 58a, a sufficient neutralization suppressing effect cannot actually be obtained. That is, as a result of conducting a neutralization investigation on the concrete foundation used for a long time by the inventors, not only the outdoor side surface 58a but also the indoor side surface 58b and the top end surface 58c are completely neutralized. There was found. The reason why such a phenomenon occurs is considered to be that neutralization progressed at almost the same speed because there was almost no difference in the CO ₂ concentration in the contacting air on any of the surfaces 58a to 58c.

  Therefore, even if the epoxy resin paint layer 59 or the like is formed only on the outdoor side surface 58a, neutralization proceeds on the ground exposed surfaces of the indoor side surface 58b and the top end surface 58c as shown in FIG. (The region indicated by “n” in the figure), the inventors have found that it is insufficient from the viewpoint of improving the durability of the foundation 55.

  The present invention has been made based on the above viewpoint, and has as its main object to provide a foundation capable of further improving durability and a method for producing the same.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, neutralization of the concrete is suppressed on the outdoor exposed surface, the indoor surface and the top surface of the concrete foundation. A suppression means is provided.

  According to 1st invention, neutralization is suppressed by the neutralization suppression means on each surface of the outdoor side surface which is the ground exposed surface of a concrete foundation, an indoor side surface, and a top end surface. That is, neutralization is suppressed by the neutralization suppressing means on all surfaces where the neutralization proceeds due to contact with air. For this reason, there exists a neutralization suppression effect suitably in a concrete foundation, and the further durable improvement can be aimed at.

  According to a second invention, in the first invention, at least a part of the neutralization suppressing means is an elastic layer formed on the surface, and the layer prevents or reduces contact between the surface and air. Elasticity characterized by letting.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the elastic layer formed on the surface of the concrete foundation prevents or reduces contact between the surface that is the ground exposed surface of the concrete foundation and air. Even if the surface of the concrete foundation is cracked due to, for example, a change in the temperature of the outside air, the elastic layer extends following the crack to prevent contact between the surface of the concrete foundation and the air. A reduced state can be maintained. Therefore, since the neutralization suppressing effect is exhibited regardless of the crack of the concrete foundation, the durability can be further improved.

  In a third invention, in the first invention, at least a part of the neutralization suppressing means is a sheet material disposed along the surface, and the sheet material has a property of preventing or reducing the passage of air. It is characterized by having.

  According to the third aspect of the invention, the flow of air on the surface is prevented or reduced by the sheet material disposed on the surface that is the ground exposed surface of the concrete foundation. For this reason, the neutralization suppression effect can be acquired by the easy operation | work which arrange | positions a sheet | seat material along the surface, and the improvement of work efficiency can be aimed at.

  According to a fourth invention, in the first invention, a part of the neutralization suppressing means is a sheet material, and the sheet material is at least the ground exposed surface, from the lower end position of the indoor side surface to the top surface. It is arrange | positioned so that it may reach to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface via, and the said sheet | seat material has the property to prevent or reduce passage of air.

  According to the fourth invention, the upper end of the outdoor side surface from the lower end position of the indoor side surface, which is at least the ground exposed surface of the concrete foundation, through the top end surface by the sheet material that is a part of the neutralization suppressing means Until the position, the passage of air is blocked or reduced. For this reason, from the lower end position of the indoor side surface, which is the ground exposed surface, to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface via the top end surface, in addition to the neutralization suppressing effect, the following effects are obtained. That is, for example, rainwater that falls outdoors can be prevented from entering between the top surface of the concrete foundation and the sheet material. Thereby, durability of a concrete foundation can be improved further.

  According to a fifth invention, in the first invention, at least a part of the neutralization suppressing means is configured by modifying the surface, and the modified surface has a property of preventing or reducing intrusion of air. It is characterized by having.

  According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the intrusion of air is prevented or reduced at the modified surface portion. As a result, the neutralization suppressing effect can be achieved and the durability of the concrete foundation can be improved.

  According to a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a foundation according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the indoor surface is the ground exposed surface before the building body is constructed on the top edge of the concrete foundation. And neutralization suppression means is provided on each surface of the top end surface.

  According to 6th invention, before constructing a building main body on the top end of a concrete foundation, a neutralization suppression means is provided in an indoor side surface and a top end surface. Thereby, after constructing the building body on the top, the work space necessary to provide the means is easily secured as compared with the manufacturing method in which the neutralization suppressing means is provided on the indoor side surface and the top surface. Therefore, it is not necessary to work under the floor of the building body and to avoid neutralization by avoiding the building body, and it is possible to avoid inconveniences such as a reduction in work efficiency and inability to work. .

  The seventh invention is characterized in that, in the sixth invention, after the building body is constructed on the top end of the concrete foundation, neutralization suppressing means is provided on the outdoor-side surface which is the ground exposed surface.

  According to 7th invention, after constructing | assembling a building main body on the top end of a concrete foundation, a neutralization suppression means is provided in the outdoor side surface which is a ground exposed surface. As a result, the building body can be constructed without waiting for the concrete foundation to dry and the neutralization suppression means to be provided on the outdoor side surface. There is no risk of extending the construction period of the building.

  According to an eighth aspect of the invention, there is provided a foundation manufacturing method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the indoor side surface is the ground exposed surface before the building body is constructed on the top edge of the concrete foundation. And neutralization suppression means is provided on each surface of the top end surface, curing is performed on the outdoor side surface, and neutralization suppression means is provided on the outdoor side surface after completion of the curing.

  According to the eighth invention, before constructing the building body on the top of the concrete foundation, neutralization suppressing means are provided on the indoor side surface and the top surface, and after the curing is finished on the outdoor side surface, A neutralization suppressing means is provided on the surface. For this reason, the neutralization suppression effect is obtained on the outdoor side surface, the indoor side surface, and the top end surface, which are the ground exposed surfaces, and the following effects are obtained. That is, after constructing the building body on the top of the concrete foundation, it is possible to easily secure the work space necessary for providing the means compared to the manufacturing method providing the neutralization suppressing means. There is no risk of inconveniences such as a decrease in efficiency and inability to work. Furthermore, the effect by curing can be obtained on the outdoor side surface. That is, it is possible to prevent cracking due to rapid drying and hardening failure due to frost damage and to secure concrete of good quality. Moreover, what is necessary is just to provide a neutralization suppression means in the outdoor side surface after drying of a concrete foundation, and it can construct a building main body, without waiting for drying of a concrete foundation. As a result, the durability of the concrete foundation can be further improved and the construction period extension of the building can be suppressed.

  According to a ninth invention, in the method for manufacturing a foundation according to the first, third, or fourth invention, the entire surface of the rising portion of the concrete foundation is made of a sheet material having a property of preventing or reducing the passage of air. After covering and curing with the sheet material, the portion covering the outdoor side surface of the sheet material is removed, and neutralization suppression means is provided on the outdoor side surface of the concrete foundation exposed by the removal It is characterized by that.

  According to the ninth invention, the entire surface of the rising portion of the concrete foundation is covered with the sheet material having the property of preventing or reducing the passage of air, and curing is performed by the sheet material. Then, the part which has covered the outdoor side surface among sheet | seat materials is removed, and neutralization suppression means is provided in the outdoor side surface of the concrete foundation exposed by the removal. For this reason, the neutralization suppression effect can be obtained by a simple operation of covering the entire surface of the rising portion with the sheet material. Furthermore, the curing effect by the sheet material can be obtained at the rising portion. That is, good quality concrete can be secured. In this case, the neutralization suppressing effect and the effect of curing can be obtained together by one operation of covering the rising portion of the concrete foundation with the sheet material. Therefore, the durability of the concrete foundation can be further improved by ensuring the quality of the concrete being cured and the effect of suppressing neutralization after curing without increasing the number of work steps.

  The tenth invention is characterized in that, in the ninth invention, the removal is performed after a building body is constructed on the top end of the concrete foundation.

  According to the tenth invention, after constructing the building body on the top edge of the concrete foundation, the portion of the sheet material covering the outdoor side surface is removed. Thereby, the period which can fully exhibit the effect of the curing by a sheet | seat material is securable. Furthermore, the building body can be constructed without waiting for the end of curing, and there is no risk of extending the construction period of the building.

  The eleventh invention is characterized in that, in the ninth or tenth invention, at least a lower portion of the sheet material covering the indoor side surface of the rising portion is covered with soil.

  According to the eleventh invention, at least the lower part of the sheet material covering the indoor side surface of the rising portion is covered with soil. For this reason, the lower part of the sheet | seat material which covers the indoor side surface of the standing | starting-up part falls, and air can contact the surface of a concrete foundation, and the malfunction that the neutralization suppression effect reduces can be avoided. Furthermore, since the lower part of the concrete foundation is backfilled with soil and the lower part of the sheet material can be covered, there is no inconvenience that the number of work steps increases.

  In a twelfth aspect, in any one of the ninth to eleventh aspects, the sheet material is fixed at the top end of the concrete foundation.

  According to the twelfth invention, the sheet material is fixed at the top edge of the concrete foundation. For this reason, during construction of the building main body or the like, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience that the sheet material rolls up and interferes with the progress of other work and the work efficiency decreases. Furthermore, even after the building is completed, it is possible to avoid problems such as sheet material falling from the concrete foundation, air coming into contact with the surface of the concrete foundation, and reducing the neutralization suppressing effect. In particular, in the combination with the eleventh invention, the lower end portion and the top end side of the sheet material are fixed, and the rising of the sheet material can be suitably suppressed.

[First embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this embodiment is applied to the cloth foundation of buildings, such as a house. The fabric foundation is reinforced concrete. The foundation may be other than the cloth foundation, for example, an independent foundation, a solid foundation, or a combination of these.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a foundation in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the building 11 includes a building body 12 and a foundation 15. The building body 12 includes a wall panel 13 and a wooden base 14, and is provided on a foundation 15. In addition, the structure and construction method of the building body 12 are not limited to specific ones.

  The foundation 15 is configured as a fabric foundation provided along the lower outer periphery of the building body 12. The foundation 15 has a concrete foundation 16 including a footing portion 17 and a rising portion 18. As is well known, reinforcing bars such as reinforcing bars and anchor bolts are provided inside the concrete foundation 16. The rising portion 18 has an outdoor side surface 18a, an indoor side surface 18b, and a top end surface 18c. The footing part 17 is entirely buried in the ground, but the rising part 18 is exposed to the ground from the midway position to the upper side.

  A plurality of foundation packings 21 are provided between the wooden base 14 of the building body 12 and the foundation 15 at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 15. Thereby, since a gap is formed in the horizontal direction between the wooden base 14 and the foundation 15, the entire floor is ventilated. That is, air and moisture enter under the floor. Therefore, not only the outdoor side surface 18a of the rising part 18 but also the ground exposed surfaces of the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c may be neutralized.

  A fine elastic coating layer 19 having elasticity is formed on each of the exposed surfaces of the rising portion 18 on the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c. In the present embodiment, a flexible multilayer coating material is used as the slightly elastic coating layer 19.

  On the outdoor side surface 18a, a weather resistant paint layer 20 having weather resistance is formed on the outdoor side of the slightly elastic paint layer 19 further. In the present embodiment, a quick-drying elastic acrylic paint exhibiting a desired color is used as the weather resistant paint layer 20. In FIG. 1, for the sake of illustration, the slightly elastic coating layer 19 and the weather resistant coating layer 20 are shown to be thicker than the original.

  With the configuration described above, the following advantageous effects can be obtained on the basis of the first embodiment.

  A slightly elastic coating layer 19 having elasticity was formed on each ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c of the rising portion 18. Thereby, the contact of air can be prevented on all surfaces where the air contacts and neutralization proceeds. Furthermore, even if the surface of the concrete foundation 16 is cracked due to, for example, a change in the temperature of the outside air, the microelastic coating layer 19 extends following the crack, so that air directly enters from the cracked portion. Can be prevented. Therefore, the neutralization suppressing effect of the concrete foundation 16 can be achieved and the durability can be improved.

It should be noted that the underground portion of the concrete foundation 16 is not exposed to air and has a low CO ₂ concentration, so there is almost no risk of neutralization. Therefore, the durability can be sufficiently improved by forming the slightly elastic coating layer 19 on the ground exposed portion of the concrete foundation 16.

  A weather-resistant paint layer 20 having weather resistance was provided on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a of the rising portion 18. Thereby, the weather resistance of the outdoor side surface 18a in the environment exposed to a wind and rain etc. can be improved. Therefore, the durability of the concrete foundation 16 can be further improved.

  In general, the flexible multilayer coating material used as the slightly elastic coating layer 19 is generally gray. Therefore, in the state where only the slightly elastic paint layer 19 is formed, the beauty of the building 11 is impaired. In the present embodiment, the weather-resistant paint layer 20 is provided by applying a desired color to the quick-drying elastic acrylic paint that is a top coating material. Thereby, the beauty | look can be provided to the outdoor side surface 18a with a weather resistance. Furthermore, since the quick-drying elastic acrylic paint has elasticity, even if it is formed on the fine elastic paint layer 19, the elasticity of the fine elastic paint layer 19 is not hindered.

[Another example in the first embodiment]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described above, and can also be implemented, for example, in the form shown as another example below.

  In the above embodiment, as the neutralization suppressing means, the slightly elastic coating layer 19 is formed on the ground exposed surfaces of the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c of the rising portion 18. It may be changed. For example, the ground-exposed surface of the indoor side surface 18b may be covered with a foaming heat insulating material or mortar. Further, the top end surface 18c may be coated with a self-leveler (fine particle mortar). Thereby, like this embodiment, it prevents that air contacts each ground exposed surface, and there exists a neutralization suppression effect.

  That is, it is not necessary to provide the same neutralization suppressing means on the ground exposed surfaces of the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c of the rising portion 18. Further, it is not necessary to form a paint layer, and it is not necessary to form a layer. In short, the ground exposed portion of the concrete foundation 16 only needs to be provided with means capable of producing a neutralization suppressing effect. In addition, the location which provides a neutralization suppression means is not limited only to a ground exposure part, and does not prevent providing in an underground burying part.

  In the said embodiment, although the weather-resistant coating material layer 20 was formed in the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a of the standing part 18, you may change this. For example, stone or tile may be applied to the surface. Thereby, the weather resistance of the outdoor side surface 18a is improved, and the building 11 can be given a stoned or tiled design.

  As other neutralization suppressing means, the ground exposed surfaces of the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c of the concrete foundation 16 may be configured as modified surfaces. For example, it is good also as a structure which paints and modifies water glass on those ground exposed surfaces. Water glass penetrates into pores and the like on the surface of the concrete foundation 16 to cause a substitution reaction with ions inside the concrete, and a glass material is formed. Therefore, the pores and the like on the surface of the concrete foundation 16 are completely filled, and the surface is made nonporous. Thereby, the penetration | invasion of the air into the concrete foundation 16 and the penetration | infiltration of water can be prevented, and there can exist a neutralization inhibitory effect.

  Water glass has an effect of suppressing deterioration of concrete due to ultraviolet rays or the like, and can improve weather resistance. In this case, the weather-resistant paint layer 20 having weather resistance may not be formed on the outdoor side surface 18a. Further, water glass is a molten glass-like aqueous solution generally made of a mixture of alkali silicate or the like and silicic acid, and is colorless and transparent. Therefore, the aesthetic appearance of the building 11 is not impaired even without providing a paint layer or the like that imparts the aesthetic appearance to the outdoor side surface 18a.

  That is, the formation of the weather-resistant paint layer 20 on the outdoor-side surface 18a may be arbitrarily set in consideration of the environmental conditions surrounding the building 11, the aesthetics required for the building 11, and the like.

  Further, the slightly elastic coating layer 19 may be extended not only to the ground exposed surface but also to a portion buried in the ground. In this case, there is no significant change in the neutralization suppressing effect, but there is no adverse effect even if the microelastic coating layer 19 is formed extending to the underground part. The same applies to the weather-resistant paint layer 20 and the other neutralization suppressing means shown in the above-described another example.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the ground exposed surface is completely surrounded by the slightly elastic coating layer 19, but the surface touches the air at a part of the boundary between the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c. It may be. Even in this case, it is because the durability of the concrete foundation 16 is remarkably improved as compared with the conventional case where no neutralization suppressing means is provided on the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c. .

[Second Embodiment]
When the epoxy resin coating layer 59 or the like is formed only on the outdoor side surface 58a of the concrete foundation 56 as in the conventional example (see FIG. 4), the concrete of the concrete foundation 56 is placed and the mold is removed from the mold. Then, work on the building main body 52 on the top end surface 58c is started (specifically, after placing concrete for one to two weeks). The surface coating on the outdoor side surface 58a is generally performed after the concrete is completely cured (specifically, about 4 weeks after the concrete is placed). This is because during the curing of the concrete, moisture is generated from the surface thereof, so that the coating film is swollen or peeled off, and the surface cannot be suitably coated.

  That is, conventionally, the formation of the epoxy resin paint layer 59 and the like only on the outdoor side surface 58a did not cause the construction period of the building 51 to be extended.

  However, as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 1), before the microelastic paint layer 19 or the like is formed on the ground exposed surfaces of the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top end surface 18c of the rising portion 18. If the construction of the building main body 12 on the top end surface 18c is advanced, the work space necessary for the surface covering work on the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c cannot be secured, and the work may be difficult or impossible. There is. More specifically, in order to form the fine elastic paint layer 19 or the like on the indoor side surface 18b, it must be submerged under the floor of the building body 12, and the fine elastic paint layer 19 or the like is formed on the top end surface 18c. In this case, a slight gap with the building body 12 must be used, and in some cases, the microelastic paint layer 19 or the like cannot be formed.

  In order to avoid this problem, it is sufficient to wait for the concrete foundation 16 to harden prior to the construction of the building body 12. And it is thought that the neutralization suppression means should be formed on each ground exposed surface of the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c after the curing, and then the building body 12 should be constructed. However, in this case, it is necessary to wait for about four weeks after the concrete is placed before the construction of the building body 12, which leads to an extension of the construction period.

  In the second embodiment, the above-described problems are taken into consideration. Therefore, the structure of the foundation that can avoid the extension of the construction period and the manufacturing method thereof will be described below. Note that the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

  FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the foundation in the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the concrete foundation 16 is covered with a moisture-proof sheet 32 from the lower end position of the indoor side surface 18b to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface 18a through the top end surface 18c. The moisture-proof sheet 32 has a property of preventing passage of air as well as moisture-proof. In addition, the moisture-proof sheet | seat 32 of this embodiment is a polyethylene sheet of the magnitude | size of thickness dimension = 0.1mm, width dimension = 2.5m, and length dimension = 50m, for example. In the drawing, for the sake of illustration, the moisture-proof sheet 32 is shown to be thicker than the original.

  On the top end surface 18 c of the rising portion 18, a plurality of fixtures 35 are disposed with an interval of about 1 m in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 15. The fixture 35 of the present embodiment is a vinyl chloride steel plate clip having elasticity with a thickness dimension of 0.7 mm. The fixture 35 is formed with a hooking portion 35a and a pressing portion 35b extending downward by bending a steel plate, and an abutting portion 35c extending substantially horizontally is formed therebetween. More specifically, the pressing portion 35b is formed to be slightly longer in the rising direction than the hooking portion 35a. Then, the hook portion 35a is hooked to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface 18a, the contact portion 35c is brought into contact with the top end surface 18c, and the pressing portion 35b presses the upper end position of the indoor side surface 18b. It is in contact. Moreover, the press part 35b is formed a little longer than the hook part 35a, and the effect as a leaf | plate spring is provided. Then, by sandwiching both the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the rising portion 18 together with the moisture-proof sheet 32 by the spring force of the fixture 35, the moisture-proof sheet 32 at the location covering the top surface 18c is sandwiched on the top surface 18c. It is fixed.

  A slightly elastic coating layer 33 having elasticity is formed on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18 a of the rising portion 18. A weather resistant paint layer 34 having elasticity and weather resistance is formed on the further outdoor side of the slightly elastic paint layer 33. In the present embodiment, a flexible multilayer coating material is used as the slightly elastic coating layer 33. A quick-drying elastic acrylic paint is used as the weather resistant paint layer 34.

  With the above configuration, the slightly elastic paint layer 33 and the weather-resistant paint layer 34 are formed on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a, and the lower end of the indoor side surface 38 from the upper end position of the outdoor side surface 18a through the top end surface 18c. Is covered with a moisture-proof sheet 32. That is, the entire surface of the concrete foundation 16 exposed on the ground is covered.

  Now, the manufacturing method of the foundation 15 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated along Fig.3 (a)-(d). 3A to 3D are longitudinal sectional views sequentially showing the manufacturing process of the foundation shown in FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3A, after the concrete of the concrete foundation 16 is placed and the formwork is removed, and before the building body 12 is constructed on the top surface 18c, the rising portion 18 is provided. Is covered with a moisture-proof sheet 32 (specifically, 4 to 8 days after placing concrete). By this step, before the building body 12 is constructed on the top surface 18c, the moisture-proof sheet 32 covers the entire periphery of the rising portion 18.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the backfill soil 31 is buried so as to sandwich the moisture-proof sheet 32 until reaching the midway positions on both the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the rising portion 18. By this step, the lower side of the moisture-proof sheet 32 is sandwiched and fixed between the surface of the rising portion 18 and the backfill soil 31. Then, a plurality of fixtures 35 are arranged on the top end surface 18c with an interval of about 1 m in the longitudinal direction of the foundation 15. More specifically, the fixture 35 is disposed so as to sandwich both the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the rising portion 18 together with the moisture-proof sheet 32. By this step, the moisture-proof sheet 32 is sandwiched and fixed on the top end surface 18c. That is, the lower side of the moisture-proof sheet 32 is fixed by being buried by the backfill soil 31, and the upper side of the moisture-proof sheet 32 is fixed by being sandwiched by the fixture 35 on the top end surface 18 c.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the building body 12 on the top end surface 18c is constructed. After the building body 12 is completed, the moisture-proof sheet 32 covering the outdoor side of the concrete foundation 16 is removed (specifically, 2 to 4 months after the building body 12 is constructed). More specifically, the upper end portion on the outdoor side of the moisture-proof sheet 32 is cut with a cutter or the like so as to avoid the fixture 35, and the lower end portion is pulled out from the backfill soil 31, so that the moisture-proof sheet 32 on the outdoor side is removed. Will be removed. By this step, the moisture-proof sheet 32 covering the outdoor side surface 18a of the concrete foundation 16 is removed, and is exposed to the ground. Further, one end on the indoor side of the moisture-proof sheet 32 is buried and fixed in the ground on the lower side of the indoor side surface 18b, and the other end is held and fixed on the top end surface 18c by the fixture 35. Is done.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, a slightly elastic coating layer 33 is formed on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a. Then, a weather resistant paint layer 34 is formed on the outdoor side of the slightly elastic paint layer 33. At this time, the concrete is dry, no moisture is generated from the surface, and even if the surface is coated, there is no possibility that the coated film will bulge or peel off. The slightly elastic paint layer 33 and the weather resistant paint layer 34 are formed by painting using a roller R or a spray. By this step, two paint layers are formed by the slightly elastic paint layer 33 and the weather resistant paint layer 34 on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a. As described above, the entire surface of the ground surface of the concrete foundation 16 is covered.

  With the configuration described above, the following advantageous effects can be obtained on the basis of the second embodiment.

  It covered with the moisture-proof sheet | seat 32 which has the property which blocks | prevents passage of air from the lower end position of the indoor side surface 18b of the standing part 18 to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface 18a through the top end surface 18c. Thereby, air is prevented from entering the concrete foundation 16 from the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c, and a neutralization suppressing effect is exhibited. Furthermore, by covering up to the upper end position of the outdoor-side surface 18a via the top end surface 18c, for example, rainwater that has fallen outdoors can be prevented from entering between the top end surface 18c and the moisture-proof sheet 32 as much as possible. can do. Thereby, the neutralization inhibitory effect can be further improved.

  One end of the moisture-proof sheet 32 was buried and fixed in the ground on the lower side of the indoor side surface 18b, and the other end was sandwiched and fixed on the top end surface 18c by the fixture 35. Thereby, for example, during the construction of the building main body 12, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience that the moisture-proof sheet 32 is rolled up and the progress of other work is hindered and the work efficiency is lowered. Further, even after the building 11 is completed, it is possible to avoid the problem that the moisture-proof sheet 32 is rolled up and air contacts the surface of the concrete foundation 16 to reduce the neutralization suppressing effect.

  As the fixture 35, a clip formed by bending a steel plate was used. In this case, the moisture-proof sheet 32 can be sandwiched and fixed to the concrete foundation 16 by disposing the fixture 35 on the top end surface 18c and sandwiching both the indoor and outdoor surfaces together with the moisture-proof sheet 32 by spring force. it can. Thereby, the moisture-proof sheet 32 can be fixed to the top end surface 18c by an easy operation of pinching.

  A slightly elastic coating layer 33 having elasticity was formed on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a of the rising portion 18. Thereby, it prevents that air contacts the outdoor side surface 18a of the concrete foundation 16, and there exists a neutralization suppression effect. Then, a weather-resistant paint layer 34 having elasticity and weather resistance was formed on the outdoor side of the slightly elastic paint layer 33. Thereby, it becomes possible to improve the weather resistance of the outdoor side surface 18a in an environment exposed to wind and rain. Even if a crack is generated on the surface of the concrete foundation 16 due to, for example, temperature change of the outside air, the fine elastic coating layer 33 and the weather resistant coating layer 34 extend following the crack. Can be prevented from coming into contact with each other, and the neutralization suppressing effect can be further improved.

  Moreover, the following advantageous effect is acquired in the manufacturing method in the foundation of 2nd Embodiment.

  After placing the concrete of the concrete foundation 16 and releasing the mold, and before constructing the building body 12 on the top surface 18c, the entire periphery of the rising portion 18 was covered with a moisture-proof sheet 32. Thereby, compared with the manufacturing method which covers the whole periphery of the standing part 18 with the moisture-proof sheet 32 after constructing the building main body 12 on the top end surface 18c, the work space necessary for covering the moisture-proof sheet 32 is facilitated. Since it can be ensured, problems such as reduced work efficiency and inability to work can be avoided. Moreover, the neutralization suppression effect can be produced by a simple operation of covering the entire periphery of the rising portion 18 with the moisture-proof sheet 32. Further, the rising portion 18 can obtain the effect of sheet curing. That is, it is possible to prevent cracking due to rapid drying and poor hardening due to frost damage, and to secure concrete of good quality. By one operation of covering the rising portion 18 with the moisture-proof sheet 32, the neutralization suppressing effect and the effect obtained by the sheet curing can be obtained together. Therefore, it is possible to further improve the durability of the concrete foundation 16 by ensuring the quality of the concrete being cured and suppressing the neutralization after curing without increasing the number of work steps.

  Using the backfill soil 31, the bottom of the moisture-proof sheet 32 was sandwiched between the rising and falling portions 18 on the indoor and outdoor surfaces. In this way, the lower side of the concrete foundation 16 that is generally performed is backfilled with soil, and the lower part of the moisture-proof sheet 32 can be buried and fixed with the backfill soil 31, thereby increasing the number of work steps. There is no inconvenience. Further, since the entire surface of the surface of the concrete foundation 16 is covered with the soil and the moisture-proof sheet 32, it is possible to prevent the air from coming into contact with the surface and to perform the curing appropriately.

  After covering the entire periphery of the rising portion 18 with the moisture-proof sheet 32, the building body 12 was constructed on the top surface 18c. In this case, the moisture-proof sheet 32 covering the entire circumference of the rising portion 18 is used as a sheet curing and also used as a neutralization suppressing means as it is. Therefore, unlike the case where the paint layer is formed, the construction of the building body 12 can be proceeded without waiting for the concrete to harden, and there is no possibility that the construction period of the building 11 will be extended.

  After covering the entire periphery of the rising portion 18 with the moisture-proof sheet 32, the building body 12 is constructed, and after completion, the moisture-proof sheet 32 covering the outdoor side surface 18a is cut and removed with a cutter or the like (specifically 2 to 4 months after construction of the building body 12). Thereby, without accompanying the construction period extension of the building 11, it is possible to secure a curing period that can sufficiently develop the effect of sheet curing by the moisture-proof sheet 32, and it is possible to secure concrete of good quality. .

[Another example in the second embodiment]
The present invention is not limited to the second embodiment described above, and can be implemented, for example, in each form shown as another example below.

  In the said embodiment, although the perimeter of the standing part 18 of the concrete foundation 16 was covered with the moisture proof sheet 32, the sheet | seat material which does not have moisture resistance may be sufficient, and it has the property which can prevent or reduce the passage of air. Any sheet material may be used. This is because even if the moisture reaches the surface of the concrete foundation 16, the reinforcing bars will not rust unless the concrete foundation 16 is neutralized.

  In the said embodiment, although the clip made from a vinyl chloride steel plate was used as the fixture 35 which fixes the moisture-proof sheet | seat 32 to the concrete foundation 16, you may change this. For example, the moisture-proof sheet 32 may be bonded and fixed to the concrete foundation 16 with a double-sided tape or an adhesive.

  In the above embodiment, the slightly elastic coating layer 33 and the weather resistant coating layer 34 are formed on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a of the rising portion 18, but these may be changed. For example, instead of forming the paint layer, stone or tile may be applied. In short, it is only necessary to provide a means for suppressing neutralization on the ground exposed surface of the outdoor side surface 18a.

  In the above-described embodiment, the filling portion 31 is filled with the moisture-proof sheet 32 until the middle positions on the indoor and outdoor surfaces of the rising portion 18 are sandwiched. It does not have to be. For example, improved soil may be used, and a part of the soil may be concrete. Further, the moisture-proof sheet 32 need not be filled. However, when the moisture-proof sheet 32 is drowned, air enters from between the surface of the concrete foundation 16 and the moisture-proof sheet 32, and it becomes difficult to secure good quality concrete by sheet curing. The effect is also reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to take measures to fix the moisture-proof sheet 32 to the concrete foundation 16.

  In the above embodiment, after the moisture-proof sheet 32 is fixed on the top end surface 18c of the concrete foundation 16, the building body 12 is constructed on the top end surface 18c, but it is not always necessary to construct the building body 12 immediately. Alternatively, construction other than the building body 12 may be performed first along the work process of each building.

  In the said embodiment, after covering the whole periphery of the standup | rising part 18 with the moisture-proof sheet | seat 32, construction of the building main body 12 is performed, and the moisture proof sheet | seat 32 which has covered the outdoor side surface 18a is completed with a cutter etc. after the completion. Although it was cut and removed (specifically, 2 to 4 months after the building main body 12 is constructed), the building main body 12 may not be completed, and the moisture-proof sheet 32 may be removed during the construction. For example, when forming paint layers such as the microelastic paint layer 33 and the weather-resistant paint layer 34 as in the above-described embodiment, the concrete layer is hardened after concrete curing without causing the coating film to bulge or peel off (specifically, And about 4 weeks after placing concrete), the moisture-proof sheet 32 may be removed.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the ground exposed surface is completely surrounded by the moisture-proof sheet 32 and the slightly elastic coating layer 33. However, the boundary between the outdoor side surface 18a, the indoor side surface 18b, and the top surface 18c, and the moisture-proof sheet 32 are preferable. The surface may be in contact with air at a part of the boundary between the surface and the slightly elastic coating layer 33. Even in this case, it is because the durability of the concrete foundation 16 is remarkably improved as compared with the conventional case where no neutralization suppressing means is provided on the indoor side surface 18b and the top end surface 18c. .

The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the foundation in 1st Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the foundation in 2nd Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the manufacturing process of a foundation in order. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the progress of the concrete foundation and neutralization of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Building, 12 ... Building body, 13 ... Wall panel, 14 ... Wooden base, 15 ... Foundation, 16 ... Concrete foundation, 17 ... Footing part, 18 ... Standing part, 18a ... Outdoor side surface, 18b ... Indoor side surface, 18c: Top end surface, 19: Fine elastic coating layer as neutralization suppression means, 20 ... Weather resistant coating layer, 31 ... Backfill soil, 32 ... Moisture-proof sheet as neutralization suppression means, 33 ... Neutral A fine elastic paint layer as a means for suppressing the formation of the material, 34 ... a weather resistant paint layer, 35 ... a fixture.

Claims (12)

  A foundation in which neutralization suppressing means for suppressing neutralization of concrete is provided on each of the outdoor side surface, the indoor side surface, and the top end surface, which are exposed surfaces of the concrete foundation.   The at least part of the neutralization suppressing means is an elastic layer formed on the surface, and the layer prevents or reduces contact between the surface and air. Basic.   The at least part of the neutralization suppressing means is a sheet material disposed along the surface, and the sheet material has a property of preventing or reducing the passage of air. Basics described in 1.   A part of the neutralization suppressing means is a sheet material, and the sheet material reaches at least the ground exposed surface from the lower end position of the indoor side surface to the upper end position of the outdoor side surface through the top end surface. The foundation according to claim 1, wherein the sheet material has a property of preventing or reducing the passage of air.   The at least part of the neutralization suppressing means is configured by modifying the surface, and the modified surface has a property of preventing or reducing intrusion of air. Basics described in 1. A basic manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A foundation manufacturing method in which neutralization suppression means is provided on each of the indoor-side surface and the top surface, which are the ground exposed surfaces, before constructing a building body on the top of the concrete foundation.   The foundation manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein after the building main body is constructed on the top end of the concrete foundation, neutralization suppression means is provided on the outdoor side surface, which is the ground exposed surface. A basic manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Before constructing the building body on the top edge of the concrete foundation, neutralization suppression means are provided on each surface of the indoor side surface and the top end surface, which are the ground exposed surfaces, and the outdoor side surface is cured, A basic manufacturing method in which neutralization suppression means is provided on the outdoor-side surface after completion of the curing. A basic manufacturing method according to claim 1, 3 or 4,
Covering the entire surface of the rising portion of the concrete foundation with a sheet material having the property of preventing or reducing the passage of air;
After curing with the sheet material, remove the portion of the sheet material covering the outdoor side surface,
A method for manufacturing a foundation in which neutralization suppression means is provided on the outdoor side surface of a concrete foundation exposed by the removal.   The foundation manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein the removal is performed after a building body is constructed on the top edge of the concrete foundation.   The manufacturing method of the foundation of Claim 9 or 10 which covers the lower part of the sheet | seat material which covers the indoor side surface of the said rising part at least with soil.   The method for manufacturing a foundation according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the sheet material is fixed at the top edge of the concrete foundation.

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