JP2008104426A - Management cultivation and disposal method for water hyacinth, and cultivation disposal container to be used for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a management cultivation and disposal method for water hyacinth, simply and easily dehydrating an immense amount of water hyacinth to efficiently economically remove moisture without discharging contaminants such as absorbed organic substances. <P>SOLUTION: This management cultivation and disposal method for water hyacinth comprises: a cultivation process of floating and arranging a plurality of cultivation disposal containers 1 made by connecting floats 3 on a water surface in a porous box 2 which has an opened upper side, allows to freely pass water, and has strength allowing to laminate in multistages, and putting water hyacinth into the cultivation disposal containers 1 to cultivate; a dehydrating process of moving the cultivation disposal containers 1 from the water surface to the land after the cultivation process, and dehydrating and drying the water hyacinth put into the porous box 2; and a disposal process of disposing of the water hyacinth dehydrated in the dehydrating process. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for efficiently breeding water hyacinths that breed so as to flood water such as rivers, ponds, and lakes, and efficiently discard them.
There are three purposes for controlling and breeding water hyacinth: breeding control, water purification, and ornamental use. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the breeding of water hyacinth for each purpose.

  Water hyacinth is imported from abroad for ornamental use (flowering season flowers) and has beautiful flowers, but because it breeds abnormally, it is currently hated as the world's three major harmful grasses. This water hyacinth is susceptible to cold, so it breeds from spring to summer and blooms in autumn, but in winter it leaves a small portion and dies and is submerged. The water hyacinth that accumulates and rots in the bottom of the water causes water quality to deteriorate. The water hyacinth is abnormally breeding in rivers, ponds, lakes, etc. west of the Kanto region, and is currently in trouble for managers.

  The way water hyacinth breeds differs greatly between free water and managed water. Breeding on the free water surface varies depending on the water quality, but absorbs nutrients in the water and grows 1000 to 1500 times in one season. On the other hand, the maximum number of strains in the area to be cultivated is restricted and the breeding ratio is restricted on the management water surface that is cultivated while being restricted to a specific region.

Furthermore, since water hyacinth is excellent in the ability to absorb nutrient salts, a technology for purifying water quality by cultivating it in a specific region has been developed. (See Patent Document 1)
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-196695

Patent document 1 is described in the summary as follows.
A buoyancy body (23) that supports the frame (22) on the water surface is attached to the frame (22) in which an opening that secures a predetermined area of 5 to ²⁰ m ² by combining the columnar bodies is mounted. A net (24) is detachably attached to the opening of the frame (22) to form a cultivation device (21), and a plurality of the cultivation devices (21) are connected to each opening of the cultivation device set (25). Water hyacinth (W) seed stock is added, and it is cultivated by reaching the surface of the water to be purified by remote movement means (Fig. 1), increasing the number of strains, and after passing through the hypertrophy stage, the bottomed net (24) Is separated from the frame (22), and water hyacinth (W) is recovered from the water to be purified (FIG. 2).

  This method can purify the water quality of rivers by growing water hyacinths with intense breeding. However, this method has the disadvantage that it is very laborious and expensive to dispose of water hyacinth after purifying water. This is because, as shown in FIG. 2, the bottomed mesh body 24 that stores the water hyacinth W is lifted by a crane 26 and disposed on land. The water hyacinth W lifted by the crane 26 and moved to the land contains a very large amount of water. For this reason, if it discards in this state, a huge amount of money will be required to remove moisture. In particular, water hyacinth has a high fertility, so the weight of water hyacinth that is transferred from rivers to the land is extremely large, and the fact is that it takes time to remove water. There is also a problem that moisture cannot be removed in a preferable state.

  It is because water is forcibly removed from water hyacinth. Water hyacinth is incinerated or decomposed by the action of microorganisms, but water hyacinth, which contains a large amount of moisture, consumes a great deal of heat energy for incineration. Make it worse. For this reason, water hyacinth containing a large amount of water consumes a huge amount of fuel for incineration and is extremely difficult to decompose by microorganisms. Water hyacinth that is incinerated or decomposed by microorganisms needs to quickly remove moisture. Water hyacinth can be dehydrated quickly by forcibly removing moisture by a method such as pressing. However, if water is forcibly removed by a method such as squeezing water hyacinth, pollutants such as a large amount of organic matter contained in water hyacinth flow with the water and are discharged, and the waste water contains a large amount of pollutants. Water hyacinth has the characteristic of purifying water quality by absorbing pollutants including organic matter in rivers when growing. However, if the contaminants absorbed in the process of removing moisture for disposal are discharged together, the absorbed contaminants are drained into the river and the water quality cannot be purified. Furthermore, since water hyacinth has a high fertility, the total amount of water hyacinth that is transferred from the river to the land is enormous, and there is a drawback that it takes much time and money to remove moisture.

  The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving this drawback. An important object of the present invention is to easily and economically dispose water hyacinth efficiently and economically by removing only water without discharging pollutants such as organic matter that has absorbed a huge amount of water hyacinth. It is in providing the management cultivation disposal method and cultivation disposal container.

The water hyacinth management cultivation and disposal method of the present invention includes the following configuration in order to achieve the above-described object.
The water hyacinth management cultivation disposal method floats a plurality of cultivation disposal containers 1 formed by connecting floats 3 to a perforated box 2 having an opening at the top and allowing water to freely pass through and capable of being stacked in multiple stages. The cultivation process which puts water hyacinth in this cultivation waste container 1 and cultivates, and after this cultivation process, the cultivation waste container 1 is moved from the surface of the water to the land, and the water hyacinth put in the perforated box 2 is drained. And a draining step for drying and a discarding step for discarding the water hyacinth drained in the draining step.

  In the water hyacinth management cultivation and disposal method of the present invention, the cultivation waste containers 1 can be stacked in multiple stages in the draining process, and the water hyacinth in the perforated box 2 can be drained and dried.

  In the cultivation and disposal method for water hyacinth of the present invention, in the cultivation process, a plurality of cultivation disposal containers 1 can be arranged in one row or multiple rows and floated on the water surface.

The cultivation waste container of the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above-described object.
The cultivation waste container has a float 3 connected to a perforated box 2 that opens upward and has water permeability that allows water to freely pass through. The float 3 floats on the surface of the water and floats the perforated box 2 on the water surface. Water hyacinth is put in the perforated box 2 and cultivated and discarded. The perforated box 2 has a box shape having a strength capable of being stacked in multiple stages. In the cultivation waste container, the perforated boxes 2 for storing water hyacinth are stacked in multiple stages so that the water hyacinth can be drained and dried.

  In the water hyacinth cultivation waste container of the present invention, the perforated box 2 can fix the reinforcing frame 4 to the periphery of the opening and the bottom.

The water hyacinth management cultivation disposal method and the cultivation waste container of the present invention are economically ideal by removing only water without discharging pollutants such as organic matter absorbed easily and easily with a huge amount of water hyacinth. Can be disposed of in a typical environment. This is because the present invention unloads water hyacinth in a perforated box of a cultivation waste container and drains and dries it. In particular, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to forcefully dewater a huge amount of water hyacinth that has been landed by a method such as squeezing as in the prior art. The landed cultivation waste containers are stacked in multiple stages, the water of water hyacinth in a perforated box is allowed to flow down and drained, and the water is evaporated to dry and dehydrated. This method does not require forcibly removing moisture by a method such as squeezing as in the prior art, and does not discharge contaminants including organic matter absorbed in the dehydration step. For this reason, water hyacinth is dehydrated in a state of absorbing contaminants such as organic matter. The dehydrated water hyacinth is efficiently discarded by incineration or decomposition by microorganisms. For this reason, according to the present invention, a huge amount of water hyacinth can be landed, stacked in multiple stages, dewatered and efficiently discarded, so that a small amount of water hyacinth can be efficiently drained and dried efficiently, There is a feature that can be discarded.
In addition, since the present invention is to cultivate water hyacinth in a cultivation waste container, the water quality is purified by the water hyacinth that is cultivated while suppressing the breeding of water hyacinth, and further, the flowers are bloomed while being managed in the cultivation waste container. It can be cultivated in a clean and managed environment for ornamental use. Furthermore, it has the characteristics that the pollutants such as absorbed organic matter can be dehydrated without draining and efficiently and economically discarded.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the example shown below illustrates the management cultivation disposal method and cultivation disposal container of water hyacinth for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention includes the management cultivation disposal method and the cultivation disposal container. Not specified below.

  Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  FIG. 3 is a graph showing the ecology of water hyacinth. As shown in this figure, water hyacinth breeds vigorously from spring to summer. The breeding water hyacinth absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the water and purifies the water quality. By the way, one square meter of water hyacinth absorbs 70 to 100 g of nitrogen and 7 to 37 g of phosphorus in one season. Furthermore, it blooms from August to October to improve the landscape. After that, it died and submerged. Water hyacinth that accumulates in the bottom of the water and rots can cause water quality to deteriorate. In the present invention, in order to prevent water quality deterioration of water hyacinth, it is collected and discarded before it dies.

Considering the above ecology of water hyacinth, the water hyacinth is managed and discarded by the following method. However, the Example shown below has shown the state which carries out the management breeding of the water hyacinth in the river. However, the present invention is not limited to rivers, and it goes without saying that water hyacinth can be managed and propagated in lakes, ponds, swamps, and the like.
(1) Cultivation process A cultivation waste container is levitated on the water surface of the river where the water hyacinth is managed and bred, and the water hyacinth is transferred to the perforated box of the cultivation waste container for cultivation. The cultivation waste container floated on the water surface has a float connected to a perforated box. In the perforated box, the float is connected to a perforated box that has an opening at the top and allows water to freely pass through and has a strength that can be laminated in multiple stages.

  The cultivation waste container 1 is shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. The cultivation waste container 1 has a float 3 connected to a perforated box 2 that is open at the top and has water permeability that allows water to pass freely. The float 3 floats the perforated box 2 on the water surface.

  The perforated box 2 is a box shape having strength that can be stacked in multiple stages, and has a structure in which perforated boxes 2 that contain water hyacinth are stacked in multiple stages so that water hyacinth can be drained and dried. The perforated box 2 shown in the figure has a hexagonal cylindrical shape with the bottom closed. However, the cultivation waste container of this invention can make a perforated box into a polygonal cylinder shape, and can also be made into a cylindrical form thru | or an elliptic cylinder shape. In addition, the peripheral wall can be tapered so that the opening becomes large. The cultivation waste container 1 of FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 fixes the reinforcement frame 4 along the periphery of the opening part and bottom of the perforated box 2, and also the reinforcement frame 4 which extends up and down the corner of the reinforcement part 4 of an opening part and a bottom. 5 are connected. The reinforcing frames 4 and 5 have a perforated box 2 in which a wire mesh 6 is fixed to the bottom and the periphery so that water can freely pass therethrough. The bottom is provided with an open / close lid 8 so that a part thereof can be opened and closed. In this perforated box 2, water hyacinth can be drained and dried, and then lifted with a crane or the like, and as shown in FIG. 5, the water hyacinth can be easily taken out by opening the open / close lid 8 on the bottom. The perforated box 2 reinforced by the reinforcing frames 4 and 5 can be structured so that water can pass freely by fixing the net to the reinforcing frame instead of the wire mesh 6. Further, although not shown, the perforated box can be manufactured by connecting perforated plates provided with a large number of through holes in a box shape.

  The cultivation waste container 1 in the figure has two floats 3 connected to each side of a perforated box 2 having a hexagonal cylindrical shape, and 12 in total. The float 3 may be a plastic-molded one, a hollow glass sphere, a hollow metal float, or the like. The cultivation waste container 1 in the figure is provided with a hook-shaped convex portion 7 for connecting the float 3 to the outer periphery of the perforated box 2. A float 3 is disposed under the hook-shaped convex portion 7. The float 3 floats the perforated box 2 on the water surface so that water hyacinth cultivated in the perforated box 2 does not leak outside the perforated box 2. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the float 3 is fixed to the perforated box 2 so that the upper end portion of the perforated box 2 protrudes upward from the water surface. However, even if the upper edge of the perforated box 2 is flush with the water surface or slightly below the water surface, the float 3 is connected to the perforated box 2 so that water hyacinth does not leak from the perforated box 2 to the outside. You can also.

  Water hyacinth breeds with physical properties that are extremely suitable for cultivating while keeping them in a floating perforated box. This is because the water hyacinth does not have roots that grow like many plants. A perforated box for cultivating a plant with a sprout from the tip of a root so as not to leave a specific region needs to have a small mesh that does not allow the root to penetrate. However, like water hyacinth, a plant with special physical properties where a shoot emerges and a root grows and propagates from this shoot is a large mesh perforated box that penetrates the root but does not allow the shoot to permeate. Can breed. For this reason, a perforated box can be managed and cultivated so that a water hyacinth may not come out of a perforated box as a big mesh which lets the root of water hyacinth pass.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the cultivation waste container 1 is moored on the revetment 10, or, as shown in FIG. 8, is connected to the anchor 11 and floated at a predetermined position in the river. Since many water hyacinths breed in the river, as shown in FIG. 6, a large number of cultivation waste containers 1 are arranged in one or a plurality of rows and floated on the river so that all water hyacinths can be managed and discarded.

  The water hyacinth cultivated in the perforated box 2 of the cultivation waste container 1 propagates about 1000 times by the summer and purifies the water quality of the river. In addition, it blooms from August to October to make the surrounding landscape beautiful.

(2) Water draining process Since water hyacinth dies and deteriorates the water quality, the water hyacinth that is put in the perforated box 2 is drained by moving the cultivation waste container 1 from the river to the land before it dies. And dry. As shown in FIG. 9, the landed cultivation waste containers 1 are stacked in multiple stages. The method of stacking cultivation waste containers 1 in multiple stages, draining and drying can reduce the site area where many cultivation waste containers 1 are landed and drained and dried. A method of cultivating water hyacinth while managing it and discarding it before it dies requires the use of a large number of cultivation waste containers 1. In addition, rivers where water hyacinth breeds do not necessarily have wide open areas such as dikes. However, water hyacinths landed from rivers have a very high moisture content, so they cannot be discarded as they are, and must be dried to reduce moisture. A large number of landed waste containers 1 can be stacked in multiple stages, so that a large amount of water hyacinth can be drained and dried in a narrow open area. The water hyacinth that is dried in this state is dried by allowing water to flow naturally and vaporizing the water in a state where the cultivation waste containers are stacked in multiple stages. In this draining process, water hyacinth is not forcibly dehydrated by a method such as squeezing, so organic substances absorbed from river water in the cultivation process are not drained together with water. That is, it is dried in a state that contains pollutants in the river. In this draining process, water hyacinth is dried to such a degree that it can be efficiently and economically discarded in the next disposal process. Accordingly, in this draining step, the water of the water hyacinth is preferably drained and dried until it becomes 30 to 80% by weight, preferably 40 to 70% by weight, more preferably 50 to 60% by weight. Water hyacinth can be disposed of economically with low water content, but to lower the water content, it is necessary to lengthen the drying period. For this reason, the water content of water hyacinth in the draining process is adjusted to an optimum value in consideration of both the period of the draining process and the economical efficiency of disposal.

(3) Disposal process Water hyacinth, which has lost water in the draining process, is taken out from the perforated box 2 of the cultivation waste container 1 and incinerated or discarded, or decomposed and lost with microorganisms, or decomposed with microorganisms. Dispose of it as fertilizer.

It is a figure which shows the state which installed the cultivation apparatus of the conventional water hyacinth. It is a figure which shows the state which collect | recovers water hyacinths of the cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 using a bottomed net. It is a graph which shows the ecology of water hyacinth. It is a top view of the cultivation disposal container concerning one example of the present invention. It is an AA line end elevation of the cultivation disposal container shown in Drawing 4, and is a figure showing the use condition. It is a top view which shows the state which arranges many cultivation waste containers and floats in a river. It is a figure which shows the state which moored the cultivation waste container on the revetment and floated in the predetermined position of a river. It is a figure which shows the state which connects a cultivation waste container to an anchor and floats in the predetermined position of a river. It is a figure which shows the state which unloads a cultivation waste container and accumulates in multistage.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Cultivation disposal container 2 ... Porous box 3 ... Float 4 ... Reinforcement frame 5 ... Reinforcement frame 6 ... Wire net 7 ... Sponge-shaped convex part 8 ... Opening and closing cover 10 ... Revetment 11 ... Anchor 21 ... Cultivation apparatus 22 ... Frame body 23 ... Buoyancy Body 24 ... Bottomed body 25 ... Cultivation equipment set 26 ... Crane W ... Water hyacinth

Claims (5)

  A plurality of cultivation waste containers (1) are floated on the surface of the water, which is formed by connecting floats (3) to a perforated box (2) that is open at the top and allows water to pass freely and has a multi-layered strength. The cultivation process of putting water hyacinth in this cultivation waste container (1), and after this cultivation process, the cultivation waste container (1) is moved from the water surface to the land and put in the perforated box (2) A controlled cultivation and disposal method for water hyacinth, comprising a draining process for draining and drying water hyacinth, and a discarding process for discarding water hyacinth drained in the draining process.   The water hyacinth management cultivation and disposal method according to claim 1, wherein in the draining step, the cultivation waste containers (1) are stacked in multiple stages, and the water hyacinth in the perforated box (2) is drained and dried.   The cultivation cultivation disposal method of water hyacinth according to claim 1, wherein, in the cultivation process, a plurality of cultivation disposal containers (1) are arranged in a row or a plurality of rows and floated on the water surface. A float (3) is connected to a perforated box (2) that opens upward and has water permeability, and the perforated box (2) is floated on the water surface by the float (3). It is a cultivation waste container that is designed to cultivate and discard water hyacinth in the perforated box (2),
A water hyacinth cultivation waste container in which the perforated box (2) has a strength that can be stacked in multiple stages, and the porous boxes (2) that contain water hyacinth are stacked in multiple stages so that the water hyacinth can be drained and dried.   The cultivation waste container according to claim 4, wherein the perforated box (2) has a reinforcing frame (4) fixed to the periphery of the opening and the bottom.

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