JP2008086206A - Rice bran tablet and method for producing the rice bran tablet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rice bran tablet having good disintegrative property and good taste, has a sufficient hardness and excellent in abrasive wear, and to provide a method for producing the rice bran tablet providing favorable fluidity before being charged into a tableting machine. <P>SOLUTION: The rice bran tablet is produced through crushing defatted rice bran 4 obtained by removing fat from raw rice bran 2 into a prescribed grain size, granulating the crushed defatted rice bran, and tableting the granulated rice bran. Through such a process, smell peculiar to rice bran is eliminated from the rice bran owing to defatting so as to improve the taste, and pulverization of the rice bran into a prescribed grain size enable elimination of granular feeling to the tongue and the like so as to eliminate uncomfortable feeling in the mouth. The tablet can have a sufficient hardness because the defatted rice bran 4 is pulverized into a prescribed grain size to enlarge the surface area of the grain so as to strengthen the bind between the grains by tableting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rice bran tablet and a method for producing a rice bran tablet.

  A large amount of rice bran is produced when milled brown rice, but such rice bran is conventionally used for oil extraction, animal feed, mushroom cultivation floor, pickled rice floor, fertilizer, etc., and about 30% of rice bran is discarded Has been processed.

  On the other hand, rice bran contains functional substances such as lipids, proteins, crude fibers, carbohydrates, vitamins, niacin, inositol, phytic acid, oryzanol, and free γ-aminobutyric acid. It is attracting attention as a functional food. Therefore, various studies have been conducted on using rice bran as a new food material using a functional substance.

  Thus, as prior art documents that use rice bran as a food, there are, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 6.

  In Patent Document 1, a 3-200 μm defatted rice bran is roasted with far-infrared rays, and a defatted rice bran powder is supplied into a tower into which hot air of 90-100 ° C. is blown to form a powder fluidized bed. Inside, an aqueous solution of an edible binder (0.5 to 20% by weight) is sprayed and adsorbed onto the defatted powder, and a rice bran granule of 100 to 500 μm is formed by drying. Thus, when rice bran granules are added to food as a food additive, they are easily and uniformly dispersed.

  In Patent Document 2, roasted rice bran, citric acid and isomerized lactose are in a ratio of 10/1 to 10/10 (rice bran / citric acid), 10/3 to 10/10 (rice bran / isomerized lactose). As described above, isomerized lactose and citric acid as excipients are mixed and stirred in a stir-fried rice bran with a mixer and pressed into a spherical and flat disk shape by a tableting machine. Thus, a rice bran with a long shelf life with a small surface area in contact with air can be expected, and the effect of citric acid can be expected to be the same as that of umeboshi.

  In Patent Document 3, water is added to a ginger and kneaded, and the mixture is extruded with a pressure screw having a perforated die attached to an outlet to form a hydrolyzed rice bran into a pellet.

  In Patent Document 4, an extract is obtained from defatted rice bran with an organic acid (phytic acid) aqueous solution, and the extract is concentrated and dried to produce a rice bran extract.

  In patent document 5, in order to make the powder of inorganic fertilizer into a granular material, 1.5-20 wt% of rice bran is mixed and stirred as a granular accelerator in the inorganic fertilizer and dried.

In patent document 6, in order to make the herbicide of paddy field which is excellent in sedimentation and disintegration and does not produce floating matter such as oil film at the time of disintegration, a rice compound is blended with a silicon compound to form tablets / plates or granules It is.
JP 2004-65236 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-26976 JP 2003-63918 A JP 2001-252031 A JP-A-10-167869 JP 2003-155209 A

  However, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the particle size and residual fat amount of the defatted rice bran are not sufficiently taken into consideration, and when including the defatted rice bran having a large particle size, the large particles are always in the mouth when ingested. The swallowability is poor. In addition, when the defatted rice bran has a large amount of residual fat, the odor peculiar to rice bran remains and the taste is poor.

  Rice bran generally contains a fat content of about 18 to 20%. When used as it is, the binder cannot function due to the fat content, and a granular material having excellent fluidity cannot be obtained. In addition, in Patent Documents 1 to 6, if the particle size of the defatted rice bran is not sufficiently taken into account, even if the defatted rice bran is used as a tablet by tableting, there is a risk that the tablet will have insufficient hardness and the tablet may break during transportation. There is also a problem in disintegration. For this reason, in order to maintain granule strength, it is essential to select the binder from pregelatinized starch and thickening polysaccharide.

  Furthermore, Patent Document 1 is a granulation technique for the purpose of handling defatted rice bran, and does not improve any fluidity in consideration of tableting. There is no clear method for improving the sliding of the tablet, and slipping is poor at the time of tableting, and sufficient force is not transmitted to the granules due to powder friction between the mortar and the punch.

  Moreover, in patent document 2, since the target object supplied to a tableting machine is a mixture of rice bran, citric acid, and isomerized lactose, there is a problem that fluidity is inferior and uniform supply to the tableting machine cannot be performed. is there.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a rice bran tablet having good swallowability and taste, sufficient hardness, and excellent friability, and good flow before being put into a tableting machine. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing rice bran tablets with good properties.

  The rice bran tablet according to claim 1 is produced by pulverizing a defatted rice bran obtained by defatting lipid from raw rice bran into a predetermined particle size, granulating the tableted tablet, and in the rice bran tablet according to claim 2, In the rice bran tablet of claim 3, the fat content after defatting is 4% or less.

  The method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claim 4 is a method in which a defatted rice bran obtained by defatting lipid from raw rice bran is pulverized to a predetermined particle size, granulated, and tableted. In the method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claim 5, The grain size after pulverization is 50 μm or less. In the method for producing rice bran tablets according to claim 6, the fat content after defatting is 4% or less. In the method for producing rice bran tablets according to claim 7, The rice bran defatting is performed by either immersing raw rice bran in a solvent approved by the Food Sanitation Law, cooling after heating, or pressing the rice bran tablet. In the production method, when degreasing is performed with a solvent, a low-polar solvent such as hexane is used. In the method for producing rice bran tablets according to claim 9, the defatted rice bran is sterilized by using microwaves. Treat by sterilization or ozone kill Or processing by electron beam sterilization, processing by pressurized heating, or by a method of heating by powder friction, kneading, shearing heating method, In the manufacturing method of the rice bran tablet of Claim 10, the grind | pulverized defatted rice bran is fluidized, A binder is sprayed and granulated.

  According to the rice bran tablet and the method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claims 1 to 10 of the present invention, fat is degreased from raw rice bran, the defatted rice bran is pulverized to a predetermined particle size, granulated, and compressed into tablets. Since the tablets are produced, the odor of rice bran is eliminated and the taste is improved by degreasing, and the graininess felt in the tongue and the like can be eliminated and the discomfort in the mouth can be eliminated by refining to a predetermined particle size. In addition, degreasing suppresses the functional degradation of the binder due to lipids, and pulverizes the defatted rice bran to a predetermined particle size to increase the particle surface area, so that the bonding between the particles by tableting becomes stronger, and the tablet has sufficient hardness. An excellent effect that it can be provided can be achieved.

  Hereinafter, rice bran tablets and a method for producing rice bran tablets of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are examples of embodiments for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a procedure for producing defatted rice bran from raw rice bran, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the state of pulverized defatted rice bran at a magnification of 5000 times.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a solvent dipping process in which raw rice bran 2 as a raw material is immersed in a low-polar solvent such as hexane, and lipids contained in rice bran 2 are extracted into the solvent. 3 is a solvent dipping process 1 The low polar solvent is heated and vaporized and removed from the rice bran extracted with lipids in the low polar solvent, and the defatted rice bran 4 is taken out, and the defatted rice bran 4 is not contained but contains the lipid. The solvent removal step in which the polar solvent 5 is taken out, 6 is a low polarity solvent from which the lipid was extracted in the solvent soaking step 1 and the low polarity solvent 5 containing the lipid from the solvent removal step 3 is heated and vaporized and cooled. In the distillation step, the rice oil 7 and the liquefied low polarity solvent 8 that does not contain the rice oil 7 are generated. The low polarity solvent 8 obtained in the distillation step 6 is returned to the solvent immersion step 1. It has become.

  Thus, in the solvent soaking step 1, the raw rice bran 2 is immersed in a low polarity solvent such as hexane for about 45 minutes, and the lipid contained in the rice bran 2 is extracted in the low polar solvent. The soaking time is appropriately adjusted depending on the degree of degreasing of the rice bran 2.

  The low polarity solvent containing lipid extracted from rice bran 2 in the solvent soaking process 1 is fed to the solvent removal process 3 and heated at a temperature of about 69 ° C. or higher for boiling point of hexane, which is a low polarity solvent, for about 1 hour. Solvent removal (solvent volatilization) is performed. For this reason, the vaporized low polarity solvent 5 is fed to the distillation step 6 to produce defatted rice bran 4. The produced defatted rice bran 4 has a lipid content of about 4 w / w% or less, preferably 1.5 to 2.0 w / w%.

  The low polarity solvent from which the lipid has been extracted in the solvent soaking step 1 is heated and vaporized in the distillation step 6, and is cooled and liquefied together with the low polarity solvent 5 containing the lipid from the solvent removal step 3 for distillation. Thus, the low-polar solvent 8 liquefied with the rice oil 7 is produced by this distillation, and the low-polar solvent 8 is returned to the solvent soaking step 1 and used again for extracting the lipid from the rice bran 2.

  Here, the degreasing of the rice bran 2 may be performed by cooling after heating (heating and cooling method) instead of immersing the raw rice bran 2 in a low polarity solvent such as hexane approved by the Food Sanitation Law, (Pressing method).

  The defatted rice bran 4 defatted in the desolvation process 3 is sterilized in the sterilization process 9 by microwave sterilization, which is irradiated with microwaves. The temperature is raised to about 0 ° C., and then the microwave intensity is adjusted and maintained at the elevated temperature to sterilize bacteria such as coliform bacteria and general viable bacteria. In addition, the microwave can raise the soot temperature suitably by the temperature rise of the residual soot moisture.

  Here, the sterilization method of the sterilization step 9 is not limited to the microwave sterilization, and may be ozone sterilization, electron beam sterilization, pressurization and heating, etc., and further a heating method using powder friction / kneading / shearing force However, there is no particular limitation as long as it is a method of reliably heating the inside of the powder. In addition, ozone sterilization may cause ferulic acid of rice bran to react with ozone, and electron beam sterilization does not allow penetration of electron beam into the defatted rice bran 4, and heat transfer to powder is performed at elevated pressure. May be difficult. In addition, in other high temperature gas sterilization / high temperature steam sterilization methods, it is difficult to transfer heat between the medium temperature and the koji temperature, so there is a problem that the temperature of the rice koji does not rise. Even when the rice bran powder was exposed to high-temperature air, the temperature did not rise in about 30 minutes, and the colon fistula group remained positive.

  The defatted rice bran 4 sterilized in the sterilization step 9 is pulverized into fine powder by a pulverizer (not shown) in the pulverization step 10, and then finer defatted rice bran 4 and coarse defatted rice bran 4 than a classifier (not shown). The defatted rice bran 4 having been sized and then sized is collected by a collector (not shown) and a dust collector (not shown), and the coarse defatted rice bran 4 is returned to the grinder again.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the dust-collected defatted rice bran 4 has a particle size (average particle size) of 5 to 50 μm (50 μm or less), preferably 15 to 20 μm. Here, as long as the particle size (average particle size) is 15 to 20 μm, it may contain 5% or less of particles having a particle size of 50 μm or more. In addition, the defatted rice bran before pulverization usually has a particle size (average particle diameter) of 100 to 1000 μm, and FIG. 4 shows the state before pulverizing the defatted rice bran (normal defatted rice bran) by a factor of 50, In FIG. 5, the state before grind | pulverizing a defatted rice bran (normal defatted rice bran) is shown by 150 time.

  The pulverized defatted rice bran 4 is granulated by the fluidized bed method in the granulating step 11, and the defatted rice bran 4 is put into a container in which hot gas is blown from below, whereby the powder is individually separated. Fluidized as particles, sprayed from above with edible binders such as water, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), natural polysaccharides (pullulan), starch, lactose, etc. to attach the binder to the particles and other particles Are bonded to each other and dried for a predetermined time to form granules.

  Here, the method of granulating the pulverized defatted rice bran 4 may be any of various known methods such as a stirring method and an extrusion method, but since the liquid binder is sprayed and granulated, it is defatted by spraying the liquid. The rice bran 4 becomes lumpy or mama powder, and it is extremely difficult to uniformly spray the defatted rice bran 4. Also, in the agitation / extrusion process, some lumps and mama powders are kneaded and formed into granules with a large bulk specific gravity. Is likely to be mixed. On the other hand, in the case of the fluidized bed method, the contact frequency between the particles is high, and the liquid adhering to the particles is dispersed by the surface contact of the other particles, so that the defatted rice bran 4 becomes lumpy or mama powder. There is no. In addition, the particles in the fluidized bed have little pressure from the outside and are not kneaded, so that the liquid content and the volume ratio are relatively uniform and suppress the mixing of hard coarse particles. Become.

  Furthermore, even if the binder is other than water, hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), natural polysaccharide (pullulan), starch, lactose, etc., it is acceptable to be added to foods and pharmaceuticals. If it is a thing, it will not specifically limit. When the fat content of rice bran powder is normal (around 20%), it cannot be granulated even if an edible binder is added.

  The granulated defatted rice bran 4 is tableted into a predetermined shape by a tableting machine in a tableting step 12 to form a rice bran tablet 13.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the defatted rice bran 4 granulates the particles whose surface area is increased by pulverization (miniaturization). The strength of the tablet can be suitably maintained. Moreover, since the defatted rice bran 4 of a granule is granulated by the previous granulation process 11 and improves fluidity | liquidity, it can tablet suitably. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the pulverized defatted powder before granulation is inferior in fluidity, so that it cannot be easily filled into the die of a tableting machine, and is stably supplied in a fixed quantity. Can not do.

Specifically, the granulated defatted rice bran 4 is granulated by changing the processing method and the binder in the granulation step 11 and granulated, and the quality and disintegration (dissolve in the mouth) of the produced tablets are compressed. Were confirmed and compared. The quality of the tablet was described in terms of bulk specific gravity, tablet hardness, and disintegration test, and the tablet hardness and disintegration test were inspected by the methods prescribed in the Japanese Pharmacy Law.
[Example 1]
(Comparative Example 1) In the granulation step of the stirring method, when the defatted rice bran is sprinkled with water and stirred, and dried and granulated to about 6.5% residual moisture, the tablet has a thickness of 4.57 mm, The weight was 252 mg, the bulk specific gravity was 39 g / 100 cc, the tablet hardness was 3.04 kg, and the disintegration time in the disintegration test was 9 minutes. As a result, the tablet of Comparative Example 1 may have insufficient tablet hardness or the like that can withstand transportation, and hard coarse particles are formed in the tablet. When ingested, coarse particles having a time for dissolution in saliva are in the mouth. Remained a little. Also, when sprinkled with HPC (hydroxypropylcellulose; plant-derived cellulose derivative) during stirring and dried and granulated, coarse particles that do not easily dissolve in saliva remain in the mouth when ingested and must be chewed It became a tablet difficult to swallow.
(Example 1) In the granulation step of the fluidized bed method, when the binder is hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC: plant-derived cellulose derivative) and hydroxypropyl cellulose is sprayed at 7.53%, it is granulated. The tablet had a thickness of 3.26 mm, a weight of 152 mg, a bulk specific gravity of 20 g / 100 cc, a tablet hardness of 4.31 kg, and a disintegration test of 6 minutes. The tablet thus produced had a lighter bulk specific gravity than the tablet produced by the stirring method, was uniformly dissolved with saliva, and did not leave hard coarse particles in the mouth. As a result, the tablet of Example 1 has sufficient tablet hardness that can withstand transportation, has a lighter bulk specific gravity than the tablet of Comparative Example 1 (stirring method), and disintegrates evenly in saliva. In addition, no hard coarse particles remained in the mouth.
(Example 2) In the granulation step of the fluidized bed method, when the natural polysaccharide (pullulan) extracted from starch is used as the binder and the natural polysaccharide (pullulan) is sprayed at 3.75% and granulated The tablet had a thickness of 3.69 mm, a weight of 190 mg, a bulk specific gravity of 27 g / 100 cc, a tablet hardness of 5.84 kg, and a disintegration test with a disintegration time of 10 minutes. As a result, the tablet of Example 2 has sufficient tablet hardness and the like that can withstand transportation, has a lighter bulk specific gravity than the tablet of Comparative Example 1 (stirring method), and disintegrates evenly in saliva. In addition, no hard coarse particles remained in the mouth.

  Thus, according to the rice bran tablet and the method for producing rice bran tablet of the present invention, a rice bran tablet is produced by degreasing lipid from raw rice bran, grinding the defatted rice bran to a predetermined particle size, granulating it, and tableting. Therefore, degreasing eliminates the odor peculiar to rice bran to give an aromatic odor, improves the taste, and eliminates the sense of discomfort in the mouth by pulverizing to a predetermined particle size to eliminate the feeling of particles on the tongue and the like. Here, in the case of normal fat, the fat is lifted to the surface by tableting to cause oxidative decay. However, by performing degreasing, it is possible to prevent the fat from being lifted to the surface by tableting.

  In addition, by extracting the lipid contained in raw rice bran 2 into a low polarity solvent such as hexane, the lipid contained in rice bran 2 can be used without losing the water-soluble physiologically active components contained in rice bran. Dissolve in oil 7. For this reason, the residual agricultural chemical remaining in the defatted rice bran 4 is less than the residual agricultural chemical regulation value in agricultural foods required by the Food Safety Basic Law (Food Sanitation Law), and is a safe food that does not contain harmful heavy metals. In addition, it is the most important thing to provide safe food ingredients by using the defatted rice bran 4 to achieve residual agricultural chemicals contained in raw rice bran. Rice bran 4 meets all the pesticide residue standards in agricultural foods required by the Food Sanitation Law.

  In addition, by making the residual lipid 4% or less by degreasing, the function of the binder is fully exhibited, and the degreased rice bran 4 is pulverized to a predetermined particle size to increase the particle surface area. The bond becomes stronger and the tablet can have sufficient hardness. Furthermore, since a suitable residual lipid is provided, a lubricant can be dispensed with during tableting.

  When the particle size (average particle size) of the defatted rice bran 4 is 5 to 50 μm (50 μm or less), the graininess is eliminated and the swallowability is good, and the tableting has sufficient hardness. Can do. Moreover, when the particle size (average particle size) of the defatted rice bran 4 is 15 to 20 μm, it has a very good swallowing taste and can have an optimum hardness in tableting. Here, when the particle size (average particle size) is larger than 50 μm, the feeling of particles remains and the swallowability deteriorates, and sufficient hardness cannot be obtained.

  When the fat content after defatting is 4 w / w% or less in the lipid content of the defatted rice bran 4, the odor characteristic of rice bran is eliminated, and the odor is edible and at the same time an edible binder Can be appropriately granulated. Moreover, when the fat content of the defatted rice bran 4 is 1.5 to 2.0 w / w%, the odor peculiar to rice bran is surely eliminated, and the taste of having an aromatic odor is obtained, and at the same time, an edible binder is used. And can be preferably granulated. Moreover, a lubricant can be dispensed with during tableting. Here, when the fat content of the defatted rice bran 4 is larger than 4 w / w%, a odor peculiar to rice bran is produced and cannot be properly granulated.

  In addition, in the rice bran tablet of this invention and the manufacturing method of a rice bran tablet, there is no restriction | limiting in particular about the rice bran to be used, The thing of any rice bran precision may be sufficient. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular also regarding the quality of brown rice, Although it is not necessarily necessary to stick to agrochemical-free cultivation or organic cultivation, the thing from which a genetically-engineered raw material component or an animal origin protein component is not detected is desirable. Furthermore, the binder is not particularly limited as long as it has edible properties, changes in the added binder accompanying improvement in tablet taste, and formation of an air barrier layer on the tablet surface to prevent residual lipid oxidation. Of course, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It is process drawing which shows the procedure in the case of manufacturing the rice bran tablet of this invention. It is a photograph which shows the state which grind | pulverized the defatted rice bran in this invention by 1500 time. It is a photograph which shows the state which grind | pulverized the defatted rice bran in this invention by 5000 time. It is a photograph which shows the state before grind | pulverizing defatted rice bran by 50 time. It is a photograph which shows the state before grind | pulverizing defatted rice bran by 150 time.

Explanation of symbols

2 Raw rice bran 4 Degreasing rice bran 5 Low polarity solvent 8 Low polarity solvent

Claims (10)

  A rice bran tablet produced by pulverizing a defatted rice bran obtained by defatting lipid from raw rice bran into a predetermined particle size, granulating it, and compressing it.   The rice bran tablet according to claim 1, wherein the particle size after pulverization is 50 µm or less.   The rice bran tablet according to claim 1, wherein the fat content after degreasing is 4% or less.   A method for producing a rice bran tablet, comprising pulverizing a defatted rice bran obtained by defatting lipids from raw rice bran into a predetermined particle size, granulating it and then compressing the tablet.   The method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claim 4, wherein the particle size after pulverization is 50 µm or less.   The method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claim 4, wherein the fat content after degreasing is 4% or less.   The degreasing of raw rice bran is performed by either immersing raw rice bran in a solvent approved by the Food Sanitation Law, cooling after heating, or pressing. The manufacturing method of the rice bran tablet of description.   The method for producing a rice bran tablet according to claim 7, wherein a low polarity solvent such as hexane is used when degreasing is performed with a solvent.   Sterilization of defatted rice bran can be performed by treating the defatted rice bran by microwave sterilization, by ozone sterilization, by electron beam sterilization, by heat treatment under pressure, or by friction / kneading / shearing of powder. The manufacturing method of the rice bran tablet in any one of Claims 4-6 performed by any method of processing by the heating method by force.   The method for producing a rice bran tablet according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the pulverized defatted rice bran is fluidized and sprayed with a binder to perform granulation.

Images