JP2008002422A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a scroll compressor for making both compatible in high reliability and high efficiency, by keeping an excellent lubricating state, by holding oil on a sliding surface of a fixed scroll and a turning scroll. <P>SOLUTION: A first passage having one end opening in an inside area of a seal member and having the other end blocked up in a support disk, is arranged in the support disk of the turning scroll, and a second passage having one end communicating with the first passage and having the other end opening on the sliding surface of the fixed scroll and the turning scroll is further provided, and a first groove is provided on a support disk of the turning scroll, and thereby, the excellent lubricating state is provided by thickening an oil film in a sliding part by sufficiently holding the oil in the first groove of the sliding surface of the fixed scroll and the turning scroll. The high efficiency and the high reliability can be secured under all operation conditions, by holding the oil on the sliding surface of the fixed scroll and the turning scroll, without supplying a large quantity oil to a suction chamber and a compression space. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used for an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a blower, a water heater, and the like.

  For conventional scroll compressors, a mechanism that supplies lubricating oil to the sliding parts of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll increases the oil film on the sliding surface, improving efficiency by reducing mechanical loss and increasing reliability through improved lubrication. Improvement of sex has been demanded.

FIG. 7 shows a conventional scroll compressor described in Patent Document 1. In FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, an annular groove and an outer groove extending outward from the outer periphery of the annular groove are formed on the end plate of the orbiting scroll so that the back pressure chamber and the suction chamber communicate with each other. Is applied to the groove, and is fixed by the flow of lubricating oil entering the suction chamber through the back pressure chamber, the outer groove of the orbiting scroll, the annular groove, the annular groove of the fixed scroll, and the inner groove in this order. By lubricating and recirculating from the discharge port, the lubrication state of the sliding part of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll is improved, the mechanical loss is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the lubrication mechanism has a simple structure. Immediately after that, the oil was quickly supplied to the sliding part, and it became possible to provide a scroll compressor with higher reliability.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-200262

  However, in the conventional configuration, high reliability can be obtained immediately after the operation, but on the other hand, since oil flows from the back pressure chamber to the suction chamber while being lubricated, depending on the operating conditions, a large amount of oil enters the suction chamber and is sucked in. The amount of binding of the fluid is reduced by the influence of heating, and the volumetric efficiency is lowered. Furthermore, a large amount of oil enters the compression space, and the viscosity loss may increase, leading to a decrease in efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to supply a constant amount of oil under all operating conditions to obtain high efficiency and high reliability.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a seal member is disposed in a gap between the main bearing structure and the support disk of the orbiting scroll, and lubricating oil inside the sealed container is placed in an inner region defined by the seal member. Introduced, the outer region of the seal member has a back pressure chamber communicating with the suction chamber, and one end is opened in the inner region of the seal member in the support disk of the orbiting scroll, and the other end is closed in the support disk. A passage is provided, and one end communicates with the first passage, and the other end has a second passage that opens to the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, and the first groove is formed on the support disk of the orbiting scroll. One or more second grooves on the sliding surface with the support disk on the fixed scroll, or at least one of the first grooves or the second grooves. One of them communicates with the second passage This makes it possible to retain oil in the groove of the sliding surface of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll without supplying a large amount of oil to the suction chamber and compression space, ensuring high efficiency and high reliability under all operating conditions. I can do it.

  The scroll compressor of the present invention can obtain high efficiency and high reliability by appropriately supplying oil to the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll.

  In the first invention, a motor composed of a stator and a rotor and a compression mechanism driven by the motor are disposed inside the sealed container, and is formed upright on one surface of the end plate forming a part of the fixed scroll. The wrap which forms part of the orbiting scroll stands upright on the support disc with respect to the spiral fixed scroll wrap formed, and the orbiting scroll wrap having a shape similar to the fixed scroll wrap is engaged with each other, A pair of spiral symmetrical compression spaces is formed in the center, a discharge port leading to the discharge chamber is provided in the center of the fixed scroll wrap, a suction chamber is provided outside the fixed scroll wrap, and swivels through a rotation prevention member As the scroll performs a revolving motion with respect to the fixed scroll, each compression space is partitioned into a plurality of compression chambers that are continuously shifted from the suction side toward the discharge side, and fluid is supplied. The orbiting shaft formed at the end of the crankshaft for changing the volume to reduce the size of the orbiting scroll is engaged with the orbiting scroll orbiting bearing, and the main shaft formed on the crankshaft is the main bearing. A seal member is disposed in a gap between the main bearing structure and the support disk of the orbiting scroll, and the lubricating oil inside the sealed container is introduced into the inner region partitioned by the seal member. The outer region has a back pressure chamber communicating with the suction chamber, and a first passage is provided in the support disk of the orbiting scroll, one end opening in the inner region of the seal member, and the other end closed in the support disk. Communicates with the passage 1 and the other end has a second passage that opens to the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, and has one or more first grooves on the support disk of the orbiting scroll, or the fixed scroll. upper A fixed scroll is provided by having at least one of the second grooves on the sliding surface with the holding disk in at least one of them and at least one of the first groove or the second groove communicates with the second passage. Since the oil is sufficiently held in the groove on the sliding surface of the orbiting scroll, the oil film at the sliding part becomes thicker, so that a good lubrication state is obtained, the mechanical loss is reduced, and higher reliability is achieved. can get. Also, when the gas pressure in the compression space generates a force that pulls the orbiting scroll away from the fixed scroll, conversely, a pressing force that is stronger than the force that tries to separate the orbiting scroll by the gas force is applied to the back of the orbiting scroll support disk. By interposing high-pressure oil on the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, the pressing force from the back surface can be relaxed, and further the mechanical loss can be reduced. In addition, by interposing oil on the sliding surface, the sealing performance between the compression space and the back pressure chamber is improved, the amount of compressed fluid leaking from the compression chamber to the back pressure chamber is reduced, and high compression is achieved. Efficiency can be obtained.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is a first groove and a second groove in a configuration in which the first groove on the support disk of the orbiting scroll and the support disk on the fixed scroll have a second groove on the sliding surface. By communicating for a certain interval, high-pressure oil from the second passage in the support disk of the orbiting scroll is supplied to both the first groove and the second groove, making it possible to retain oil over a wide range. Mechanical loss is reduced, and higher reliability is obtained. Further, since the groove becomes longer, the amount of oil that can be held increases, and further mechanical loss can be reduced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, since neither the first groove nor the second groove opens into the compression space and the back pressure chamber, the amount of oil leaking into the compression space and the back pressure chamber decreases, and a large amount of oil To prevent volumetric loss caused by leakage into the suction chamber, and to prevent increase in viscosity loss caused by a large amount of oil leaking into the compression space, and to obtain high efficiency and reliability while preventing reduction in efficiency. Is possible.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, particularly in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to third aspects, by using CO ₂ as a working fluid, the differential pressure is particularly large, and the sliding surface of the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll is used. Even in CO ₂ where the applied load is very large, it is possible to obtain high efficiency and high reliability more effectively.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the entire inside of the iron sealed container 1 is a high-pressure atmosphere communicating with the discharge pipe 2, a motor 3 at the center, a compression part at the top, and a crankshaft fixed to the rotor 3 a of the motor 3. A main body frame 5 of a compression portion that supports one end of 4 is fixed to the sealed container 1, and a fixed scroll 6 is attached to the main body frame 5.

  The oil hole 7 in the main shaft direction provided in the crankshaft 4 has one end communicating with the oil supply pump device 8 and the other end finally communicating with the orbiting bearing 10 of the orbiting scroll 9. The orbiting scroll 9 that meshes with the fixed scroll 6 to form the compression space 11 is composed of a spiral orbiting scroll wrap 9a and a support disc 9b in which the orbiting bearing 10 is erected. Arranged between.

  The fixed scroll 6 includes an end plate 6a and a spiral fixed scroll wrap 6b. A discharge port 12 is disposed at the center of the fixed scroll wrap 6b, and a suction chamber 13 is disposed at the outer periphery.

  The orbiting shaft portion 4b that is eccentric from the main shaft portion 4a of the crankshaft 4 and is disposed at the upper end portion of the crankshaft 4 engages and slides with the orbiting bearing 10 of the orbiting scroll 9 and is disposed at the lower end portion of the crankshaft 4. The auxiliary shaft portion 4c is pivotally supported by an auxiliary bearing 19 fixed by welding or shrink fitting in the sealed container 1, and is supported at three points of the main shaft portion 4a, the turning shaft portion 4b, and the auxiliary shaft portion 4c. ing. Between the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 and the first thrust bearing 15a provided on the main body frame 5, a minute gap capable of forming an oil film is provided. An annular seal member 16 that is substantially concentric with the slewing bearing 10 is mounted on the support disk 9b in a loose state, and the annular seal member 16 partitions the back chamber 17 inside and the back pressure chamber 18 outside. Yes.

  A first passage 24a is provided in the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 so that one end is open in the inner region of the annular seal member 16 and the other end is closed in the support disk 9b, and one end communicates with the first passage 24a. The other end has a second passage 24 b that opens to the second thrust bearing 15 b on the sliding surface of the fixed scroll 6 and the orbiting scroll 9.

  The lubricating oil sucked up by the oil supply pump device 8 passes through the oil hole 7 of the crankshaft 4 and is guided to the axial inner space 20 formed between the orbiting bearing 10 and the orbiting shaft portion 14 of the orbiting scroll 9. Is connected to the back pressure chamber 18 formed by being surrounded by the fixed scroll 6 and the main body frame 5 through the throttle portion 21 provided on the back surface of the lap support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9, The oil is guided to the suction chamber 13 through the back pressure adjusting valve 22 and the oil supply passage 22a having a function of pressing against the second thrust bearing 15b on the outer peripheral portion of the fixed scroll wrap 6b. The other is connected to the second passage 24b through the first passage 24a in the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9, and is guided to the second thrust bearing 15b on the sliding surface of the fixed scroll 6 and the orbiting scroll 9. A certain amount of oil is guided to the first groove 25 a on the support disk 9 b of the orbiting scroll 9, and a small amount of the oil not retained leaks into the compression space 11 and the back pressure chamber 18. The remaining oil that has not flowed to the compression section passes through the slewing bearing 10, the back chamber 17, and the main bearing 14 and is discharged to the outside of the compression section.

  A check valve device 23 that opens and closes the outlet side of the discharge port 12 is mounted on the plane of the end plate 6a of the fixed scroll 6, and the check valve device 23 includes a reed valve 23a made of a thin steel plate and a valve presser 23b. Become.

  2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the periphery of the compression mechanism such as the first passage 24a, the second passage 24b, and the first groove 25a in the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the first groove 25a and the second passage 24b on the support disk 9b as viewed from the direction of the orbiting scroll wrap 9a.

  About the scroll compressor comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  A first passage 24a is provided in the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 so that one end is open in the inner region of the annular seal member 16 and the other end is closed in the support disk 9b, and one end communicates with the first passage 24a. And the other end has a second passage 24b opened to the second thrust bearing 15b on the sliding surface of the fixed scroll 6 and the orbiting scroll 9, and has a first groove 25a on the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9, By communicating with the second passage 24b, the oil is sufficiently held in the first groove 25a of the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll 6 and the orbiting scroll 9, so that the oil film at the sliding portion becomes thick and good. A lubrication state is obtained, mechanical loss is reduced, and higher reliability is obtained. In addition, since the force for trying to pull the orbiting scroll away from the fixed scroll is generated by the gas pressure in the compression space 11, conversely, a pressing force stronger than the force for separating by the gas force is applied to the back surface of the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9. , The high pressure oil is interposed between the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll 6 and the orbiting scroll 9, whereby the pressing force from the back surface can be relaxed and the mechanical loss can be further reduced. Further, by interposing oil on the sliding surface, the sealing performance between the compression space 11 and the back pressure chamber 18 is improved, and the amount of compressed fluid leaking from the compression space 11 into the back pressure chamber 18 is reduced. And high compression efficiency can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the second groove 25b is provided on the sliding surface with the support disk 9b on the fixed scroll 6, and the first groove is formed on the orbiting scroll 9 by communicating with the second passage 24b. The same performance and reliability as when the 25a is provided can be obtained, but there is an advantage that machining can be easily performed by forming a groove on the fixed scroll 6. Further, by changing the position of the second groove 25b and adjusting the opening time with the second passage 24b, the amount of oil supplied to the sliding surface can be controlled, and the degree of freedom of design is expanded.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the first groove 25a on the support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 and the support disk 9b on the fixed scroll 6 and the second groove 25b on the sliding surface are provided, and the first groove The high pressure oil which comes out from the 2nd channel | path in the support disk 9b of the turning scroll 9 is oil in both the 1st groove | channel 25a or the 2nd groove | channel 25b by communicating for a fixed area with 25a and the 2nd groove | channel 25b. The oil can be retained over a wide range, the mechanical loss is reduced, and higher reliability can be obtained. Further, since the groove becomes longer, the amount of oil that can be held increases, and the mechanical loss can be further reduced.

  FIG. 6 shows the turning motion of the turning scroll every 90 °. Since neither the first groove 25a nor the second groove 25b opens into the compression space 11 and the back pressure chamber 18, the amount of oil leaking into the compression space 11 and the back pressure chamber 18 decreases, and a large amount of oil Prevents the volumetric efficiency from decreasing due to leakage into the suction chamber 13, prevents the increase in viscosity loss caused by the large amount of oil leaking into the compression space 11, and prevents high efficiency and reliability. Can be obtained.

In addition, by using CO ₂ as the working fluid, high efficiency and high reliability can be achieved more effectively even in CO ₂ where the differential pressure is particularly large and the load applied to the sliding surfaces of the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll is very large. It is possible to obtain.

As described above, the scroll compressor according to the present invention is provided with the first passage having one end opened in the inner region of the seal member and the other end closed in the support disc in the support disc of the orbiting scroll, and further one end Is connected to the first passage and the other end has a second passage that opens to the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, so that oil can be held on the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll. High efficiency and high reliability can be ensured under all operating conditions. In addition to air conditioner compressors using HFC refrigerants and HCFC refrigerants, air conditioners and heat pump types using natural refrigerant CO ₂ It can also be applied to uses such as water heaters.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a vertical scroll compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vertical scroll compression mechanism part expanded sectional view in embodiment of this invention The enlarged view of the 1st groove part of the turning scroll in embodiment of this invention The enlarged view of the 2nd groove part of the fixed scroll in embodiment of this invention FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a turning part at a moment when the first and second grooves of the turning scroll and the fixed scroll communicate with each other in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a turning part at a moment when the first and second grooves of the turning scroll and the fixed scroll in the embodiment of the present invention do not communicate with the compression space and the back pressure chamber, respectively. Conventional vertical scroll compression mechanism

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 2 Discharge pipe 3 Motor 3a Rotor 3b Stator 4 Crankshaft 4a Main shaft part 4b Turning shaft part 4c Subshaft part 5 Body frame 6 Fixed scroll 6a End plate 6b Fixed scroll wrap 7 Oil hole 8 Oil supply pump device 9 Turning scroll 9a orbiting scroll lap 9b support disk 10 orbiting bearing 11 compression space 12 discharge port 13 suction chamber 14 main bearing 15a first thrust bearing 15b second thrust bearing 16 annular seal member 17 back chamber 18 back pressure chamber 19 auxiliary bearing 20 Internal space 21 Throttle part 22 Back pressure adjustment valve 22a Oil supply passage 23 Check valve device 23a Reed valve 23b Valve retainer 24a First passage 24b Second passage 25a First groove 25b Second groove 104 Fixed scroll 104a Fixed End plate of scroll 104b Fixed scroll Wrap 105 orbiting scroll 105a orbiting scroll end plate 105b orbiting scroll wrap 114 discharge port 120 annular groove of end plate 5a 121 annular groove of end plate 4a 122 outer groove 123 inner groove 124 suction chamber

Claims (4)

Inside the sealed container, a motor composed of a stator and a rotor and a compression mechanism driven by this motor are arranged, and a spiral fixing formed upright on one surface of the end plate forming a part of the fixed scroll A wrap that forms a part of the orbiting scroll stands upright on the support disk with respect to the scroll wrap, and the orbiting scroll wrap having a shape similar to the fixed scroll wrap meshes with each other so that a spiral symmetry is provided between the two scrolls. A pair of compression spaces is formed, a discharge port leading to a discharge chamber is provided at the center of the fixed scroll wrap, a suction chamber is provided outside the fixed scroll wrap, and the orbiting scroll is interposed via a rotation prevention member. By performing a swiveling motion with respect to the fixed scroll, each compression space is partitioned into a plurality of compression chambers that continuously transition from the suction side toward the discharge side. The volume of the rotating shaft is changed to compress the fluid, and the orbiting shaft portion formed at the end of the crankshaft for orbiting the orbiting scroll engages and slides with the orbiting scroll orbiting bearing and is formed on the crankshaft. A main shaft portion is pivotally supported by a main bearing, and a seal member is disposed in a gap between the main bearing structure and the support disk of the orbiting scroll, and an inner region partitioned by the seal member is disposed inside the sealed container. The outer region of the seal member has a back pressure chamber that communicates with the suction chamber, one end opens in the support disc of the orbiting scroll, and the other end opens in the inner region of the seal member. Providing a first passage closed within the support disk, further having a second passage having one end communicating with the first passage and the other end opening to the sliding surfaces of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll; in front Either at least one of the first grooves on the support disk of the orbiting scroll or at least one of the second grooves on the sliding surface with the support disk on the fixed scroll. A scroll compressor having a groove, wherein at least one of the first groove and the second groove communicates with the second passage. 2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein in the configuration including the first groove and the second groove, the first groove and the second groove communicate with each other in a certain section. 3. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein neither the first groove nor the second groove opens into the compression space and the back pressure chamber. 4. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 with CO ₂ is high-pressure refrigerant as a working fluid.

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