JP2005146902A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve sealing performance in clearances of compression chambers by thoroughly agitating refrigerant and oil and to thereby achieve a higher efficiency, improve reliability by ensuring oil film and suppress cost increase. <P>SOLUTION: An outlet of an oil supply passage 22a of a backpressure control valve 22 is opened along a main flow of the refrigerant in an inlet chamber 13 and perpendicular to its direction so that the oil can be smoothly merged into the refrigerant flow and the refrigerant and the oil can be agitated. This makes oil supply quantities to first and second compression chambers 11a, 11b equalized and sufficient oil is maintained in sliding portions and in the clearances. It is possible to achieve both the higher efficiency thanks to improved sealing performance and improvement of the reliability by ensuring oil film and to suppress cost increase caused by conventional surface reform for ensuring reliability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used for an air conditioner, a refrigerator, a blower, a water heater, and the like.

  A fixed scroll part formed with a spiral wrap on the end plate and a orbiting scroll part are engaged to form a plurality of compression chambers, and by applying a constant pressure to the back of the orbiting scroll part, the upper surface of the fixed scroll wrap and the orbiting scroll support disk surface are Scroll that compresses while reducing the volume toward the center by sliding the thrust, connecting a crankshaft with an eccentric part to the orbiting scroll part, and using Oldham ring to prevent rotation and orbiting motion In the compressor, there is always a minute gap in each compression chamber, and fluid flow between the other compression chamber or the suction chamber and the orbiting scroll component rear chamber is prevented by filling the gap with oil.

  However, due to recent inverter control, operating conditions such as operating frequency, temperature, and pressure change variously, and accordingly, operating conditions with insufficient oil sealing performance occur. When the sealing performance is deteriorated, fluid leakage in each compression chamber is increased, resulting in a decrease in volumetric efficiency and a decrease in compression efficiency due to recompression.

  Also, if the amount of oil supply is extremely small, there is a concern about the deterioration of the lubrication condition due to insufficient oil retention on the seal surface, so it is necessary to take measures such as sliding surface modification, leading to cost increase. End up.

  As a countermeasure, conventionally, a method has been used in which a resin-made chip seal is fitted to the upper surface of the wrap to prevent fluid leakage even when the gap is large due to the rising of the chip seal.

  However, since the tip seal is lifted by a pressure difference between high and low pressures, it may not work satisfactorily under operating conditions with a small pressure difference, and cost increases due to countermeasures for tip seal floating at a low differential pressure. Furthermore, the material cost for adding the tip seal increases, resulting in a cost increase.

As a countermeasure against these problems, as shown in FIG. 5, the oil groove 122 is provided on the lap upper surface 104g of the orbiting scroll 104 to improve the oil holding force, thereby reducing fluid leakage in each compression chamber 211 ( For example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-176793 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, when oil is supplied to the compression chamber formed on the inner wall side of the orbiting scroll wrap, the pressure in the compression chamber is higher than the pressure of the compression chamber formed on the outer wall side of the orbiting scroll wrap. Therefore, it is difficult for oil to be held in the oil groove on the upper surface of the orbiting scroll wrap, and it is difficult to reduce leakage.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and by reducing the bias in the amount of oil supplied to the two compression chambers formed on the outer wall side and the inner wall side of the orbiting scroll wrap, it is always possible even without an oil groove. An object is to provide a scroll compressor capable of retaining oil.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, according to the scroll compressor of the present invention, an oil supply passage is formed in the suction chamber of the fixed scroll, and the outlet of the oil supply passage is connected to the main fluid in the suction chamber. It is arranged along a simple flow.

  Conventionally, the oil supplied to the suction chamber flows along the wrap and is supplied to the compression chamber in a biased manner. According to this configuration, the oil supplied to the suction chamber rides on the flow of fluid and is sufficient. It is guided to the compression chamber while being agitated, and an appropriate amount of oil can be supplied to the two compression chambers formed on the outer wall side and the inner wall side of the orbiting scroll wrap, by improving the sealing property and lubricity of the compression chamber High efficiency and long life are possible.

  The scroll compressor of the present invention can improve efficiency by improving the sealing performance of the compression chamber gap, improve reliability by securing an oil film, and suppress an increase in cost without newly using oil retaining means in the compression chamber.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, an oil supply passage is formed in the suction chamber of the fixed scroll, and an oil supply passage is disposed along the main flow of fluid in the suction chamber so that the oil supplied to the suction chamber is The fluid flows and is guided to the compression chamber while being sufficiently agitated, so that an appropriate amount of oil can be supplied to the two compression chambers formed on the outer wall side and the inner wall side of the orbiting scroll wrap. Higher efficiency and longer life can be achieved by improving sealability and lubricity.

  Note that the oil supply passage outlet does not necessarily have to be orthogonal to the main flow of the fluid.

  In particular, in the scroll compressor of the first invention, the second invention can facilitate the configuration by forming the oil supply passage outlet on the wall surface of the fixed scroll wrap or the wall surface extended from the fixed scroll wrap. As a result, high efficiency and improved reliability can be realized without much design effort.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor of the first aspect, by forming the oil supply passage outlet on the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap, the top surface of the orbiting scroll wrap and the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap that have a particularly large effect on efficiency. The fluid leakage from the gap can be surely reduced, and more reliable high efficiency can be achieved.

  In the scroll compressor according to the first aspect of the present invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor according to the first aspect of the invention, the oil supply passage outlet is formed in the orbiting scroll wrap so that the two compression chambers formed on the outer and inner wall sides of the orbiting scroll wrap It is possible to accurately supply the oil, and it is possible to achieve both higher precision and higher efficiency and longer life in consideration of the operating conditions of the compressor and the sliding state of the parts.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor of the first aspect, the bottom of the orbiting scroll wrap and the upper surface of the fixed scroll wrap having a great influence on reliability are obtained by forming the oil supply passage outlet on the bottom surface of the orbiting scroll wrap. The sliding state can be relaxed, the reliability can be improved, and it is not necessary to carry out surface modification to prevent seizure, so the cost can be reduced. .

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor of the first aspect, by providing a plurality of oil supply passages, it is possible to equalize the amount of oil supplied to the two compression chambers. In particular, the supply amount to one of the compression chambers can be easily increased.

  In the seventh aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor of the sixth aspect of the invention, by arranging the mesh component at the oil supply passage outlet, the component configuration can be facilitated, and high efficiency and long life can be achieved. While realizing it, it is possible to prevent a significant cost increase.

  In the eighth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor according to the sixth aspect of the invention, by arranging the porous body component at the oil supply passage outlet, the particle size of the oil can be further reduced and the fluid flow can be reduced. Since it is easy to get on and stir, it is possible to realize a uniform oil supply amount.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor of the sixth aspect of the invention, by disposing the honeycomb component at the oil supply passage outlet, the strength of the component is sufficiently ensured while reducing the oil particle size. It is possible to equalize the oil supply amount and ensure the reliability of parts.

  In a tenth aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, by using an HFC refrigerant or an HCFC refrigerant as the working fluid, the wrap height is increased, and the refrigerant and oil In the compressor where the stirring of the oil tends to be insufficient, the oil supply can be made more efficient by equalizing the oil supply.

  In the eleventh aspect of the invention, in particular, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the use of CO2 as the working fluid improves the sealing performance of the compression chamber in the compressor having a large differential pressure. It is more effective to improve efficiency and ensure reliability by improving oil retention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the entire inside of the iron sealed container 1 is in a high-pressure atmosphere communicating with the discharge pipe 2, the motor 3 is disposed at the center, the compression section is disposed at the top, and the drive shaft fixed to the rotor 3 a of the motor 3. A main body frame 5 of a compression portion that supports one end of 4 is fixed to the sealed container 1, and a fixed scroll 6 is attached to the main body frame 5.

  One end of the oil hole 7 in the main shaft direction provided in the drive shaft 4 communicates with the oil supply pump device 8, and the other end finally communicates with the eccentric bearing 10 of the orbiting scroll 9. The orbiting scroll 9 that meshes with the fixed scroll 6 to form the compression chamber 11 includes a spiral orbiting scroll wrap 9a and a wrap support disc 9b in which an eccentric bearing 10 is erected. The fixed scroll 6 and the main body frame 5 It is arranged between.

  The fixed scroll 6 includes an end plate 6a and a spiral fixed scroll wrap 6b. A discharge port 12 is disposed at the center of the fixed scroll wrap 6b, and a suction chamber 13 is disposed at the outer periphery.

  An eccentric shaft 14 that is eccentric from the main shaft of the drive shaft 4 and is arranged at the upper end of the drive shaft 4 is configured to engage and slide with the eccentric bearing 10 of the orbiting scroll 9. Between the lap support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9 and the thrust bearing 15 provided on the main body frame 5, a minute gap capable of forming an oil film is provided. An annular seal member 16 that is substantially concentric with the eccentric bearing 10 is mounted on the lap support disk 9b in a loose state. The annular seal member 16 partitions the back chamber 17 inside and the back pressure chamber 18 outside. ing.

The lubricating oil sucked up by the oil supply pump device 8 passes through the oil hole 7 of the drive shaft 4 and is guided to the axial internal space 20 formed between the eccentric bearing 10 and the eccentric shaft 14 of the orbiting scroll 9. The orbiting scroll 9 is fixed to the back pressure chamber 18 formed by being surrounded by the fixed scroll 6 and the main body frame 5 via the throttle portion 21 provided on the back surface of the lap support disk 9b of the orbiting scroll 9. The oil is guided to the suction chamber 13 through the back pressure adjusting valve 22 having the function of pressing against the scroll 6 and the oil supply passage 22a. The other passes through the eccentric bearing 10, the back chamber 17, and the main bearing 19 and is discharged to the outside of the compression unit.

  A check valve device 23 that opens and closes the outlet side of the discharge port 12 is mounted on the plane of the end plate 6a of the fixed scroll 6, and the check valve device 23 includes a reed valve 23a made of a thin steel plate and a valve presser 23b. Become.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the compression section in FIG. 1, and the outlet of the oil supply passage 22 a of the back pressure adjustment valve 22 is open perpendicular to the direction of the main flow of the refrigerant in the suction chamber 13.

  The compression chamber 11 includes a crescent-shaped first compression chamber 11a formed by a wrap inner wall 6f of the fixed scroll wrap 6b and a wrap outer wall 9e of the orbiting scroll wrap 9a, and a wrap outer wall 6g of the fixed scroll wrap 6b and the orbiting scroll wrap. It is divided into a crescent-shaped second compression chamber 11b formed by the wrap inner wall 9f of 9a, and compression is performed independently from the confinement of refrigerant to the discharge.

  About the scroll compressor comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  By opening the outlet of the oil supply passage 22a of the back pressure regulating valve 22 along the main flow of the refrigerant in the suction chamber 13 perpendicular to the direction, the oil is smoothly put on the flow of the refrigerant. Therefore, the amount of oil supplied to the first and second compression chambers 11a and 11b is equalized, and the oil is sufficiently retained in the sliding portion and the gap.

  Note that the outlet of the oil supply passage 22a is not necessarily orthogonal to the main flow of the refrigerant, and may have a certain degree of angle.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, along the main flow of the refrigerant in the suction chamber 13, the outlet of the oil supply passage 22 a of the back pressure adjustment valve 22 is opened perpendicularly to the direction thereof. It is possible to achieve both higher efficiency through improved performance and improved reliability through securing an oil film.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor compression section according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 3, in addition to the position described in the first embodiment, the back pressure adjusting valve 22 and the oil supply passage 22a are provided at a further position of the fixed scroll 6 and a position of the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap 6b.

  With the above configuration, the oil and oil are more easily stirred by supplying the oil from many places, and the oil supply to the two compression chambers 11a and 11b is more equalized.

  In addition, the oil supply from the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap 6b can surely reduce fluid leakage from the gap between the upper surface of the orbiting scroll wrap 9a and the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap 6b, which has a particularly large effect on efficiency, and the oil can be retained. Easy to be.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve both high efficiency and long life by equalizing oil supply by supplying oil from many places.

  Further, by supplying oil from the bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap 6b, the sealing performance of the gap on the upper surface of the orbiting scroll wrap 9a is improved, and more effective high efficiency can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, the oil supply passage 22 a is provided in the fixed scroll 6, but it may be provided in the orbiting scroll 9.

  By providing the orbiting scroll 9, oil can be sufficiently supplied between the bottom surface of the orbiting scroll wrap 9a and the upper surface of the fixed scroll wrap 6b, which are relatively slid, and the reliability can be improved. Conventionally, what has been ensured reliability by surface modification can be realized without surface modification, so that the cost can be reduced.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the scroll compressor compression section in the third embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 4, a mesh component 24 is attached to the outlet of the oil supply passage 22a.

  With the above configuration, the oil ejected from the oil supply passage 22a toward the suction chamber 13 is subdivided by passing through the mesh component 24, the oil particle size is reduced, and stirring with the refrigerant is facilitated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by attaching the mesh component 24 to the outlet of the oil supply passage 22a, oil agitation is reliably generated, and the oil supply to the two compression chambers 11a and 11b is equalized. It is easier to achieve, and it is possible to achieve both high efficiency and long life.

  In the present embodiment, the mesh component 24 is attached to the outlet of the oil supply passage 22a, but a porous body component or a honeycomb structure component may be attached.

  By attaching a porous body part, the oil particle size can be further reduced, effective oil agitation is possible, and by attaching a honeycomb structure part, the oil particle diameter is reduced and the strength as a part is increased. It is possible to maintain high efficiency and to ensure reliability as a part.

  In addition, in this configuration, even if the oil supply passage 22a does not follow the main flow of the refrigerant in the suction chamber 13 and is arranged in the stagnation region of the refrigerant, high efficiency and long life can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in any of the first to third embodiments, in particular, a compressor using an HFC refrigerant or an HCFC refrigerant that has a high wrap height and is difficult to stir oil, or has a large differential pressure and a large leak between the compression chambers. A greater effect can be obtained by using it in a compressor using CO 2 or the like.

As described above, the scroll compressor according to the present invention can improve efficiency by improving the sealing performance of the compression chamber gap, improve reliability by securing an oil film, and suppress cost increase without newly using oil retaining means in the compression chamber. This makes it possible to achieve both high efficiency and improved reliability. In addition to air conditioner compressors that use HFC refrigerants and HCFC refrigerants, air conditioners and heat pumps that use natural refrigerant CO2. It can also be used for applications such as water heaters.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vertical scroll compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compression unit for a vertical scroll compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Cross-sectional view of the compression unit of the vertical scroll compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention Cross-sectional view of a vertical scroll compressor compression section according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Longitudinal sectional view of the compression unit of the vertical scroll compressor in Patent Document 1 of the conventional example

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airtight container 2 Discharge pipe 3 Motor 3a Rotor 3b Stator 4 Drive shaft 5 Main body frame 6 Fixed scroll 6a End plate 6b Fixed scroll lap 6c Lap end part 6d Lap start part 6e Lap top surface 6f Lap inner wall 6g Lap outer wall 6h Part 6i Anti-lap end plate surface 7 Oil hole 8 Oil supply pump device 9 Orbiting scroll 9a Orbiting scroll lap 9b Wrap support disk 9c Lapping end part 9d Lapping start part 9e Lapping outer wall 9f Lapping inner wall 9g Lapping upper surface 10 Eccentric bearing 11 Compression chamber 11a First 1 compression chamber 11b second compression chamber 12 discharge port 13 suction chamber 14 eccentric shaft 15 thrust bearing 16 annular seal member 17 back chamber 18 back pressure chamber 19 main bearing 20 internal space 21 throttle portion 22 back pressure adjustment valve 22a oil supply Passage 23 Check valve device 23a Reed valve 23b Valve retainer 24 Mesh parts 104 Orbiting scroll 104g Top surface of lap 122 Oil groove 211 Compression chamber

Claims (11)

In contrast to the spiral fixed scroll wrap formed upright on one side of the end plate that forms part of the fixed scroll, the wrap that forms a part of the orbiting scroll stands upright on the support disc, and the fixed scroll wrap A revolving scroll wrap having a similar shape is meshed with each other to form a pair of spiral symmetric compression spaces between the scrolls, and a discharge port leading to a discharge chamber is provided at the center of the fixed scroll wrap. A suction chamber is provided outside the scroll wrap, and the orbiting scroll revolves with respect to the fixed scroll via a rotation preventing member, whereby the compression spaces continuously move from the suction side toward the discharge side. A scroll compressor that is divided into a plurality of compression chambers and has a volume change to compress fluid, and is provided in the suction chamber of the fixed scroll. Yl supply passage forming the outlet of the oil supply passage scroll compressor, characterized in that arranged along the main flow of the fluid in the suction chamber. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply passage outlet is formed on the wall surface of the fixed scroll wrap or the wall surface extended from the fixed scroll wrap. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply passage outlet is formed on a bottom surface of the fixed scroll wrap. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply passage outlet is formed in the orbiting scroll wrap. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply passage outlet is formed on a bottom surface of the orbiting scroll wrap. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of the oil supply passages are provided. The scroll compressor according to claim 6, wherein a mesh component is disposed at the oil supply passage outlet. The scroll compressor according to claim 6, wherein a porous body part is disposed at the oil supply passage outlet. The scroll compressor according to claim 6, wherein a honeycomb component is disposed at an outlet of the oil supply passage. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an HFC refrigerant or an HCFC refrigerant is used as the working fluid. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein CO2 which is a high-pressure refrigerant is used as a working fluid.

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