JP2007500234A - 水に不溶な活性剤を含む医薬的成形 - Google Patents
水に不溶な活性剤を含む医薬的成形 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、一般な水に不溶な活性剤を含む微粒子薬剤導入組成物、およびその導入組成物の製造方法に関する。本発明は、医薬的に適用する粒子の生成に特に適している。
患者へ効果的な治療処置が必要性なため、各種の医薬成形物の導入技術が、発展してきた。従来の関係技術の1つは、錠剤、カプセル、エリキシル剤などの形状にて、医薬成形物を経口導入することである。
本発明はこうした要望を満たすものである。本発明の1の観点において改良された方法が、水に不溶な活性剤を含む粒子を製造するために提供される。
本発明の1の観点において医薬成形物を調製するための方法は、第1の溶媒、第2の溶媒、活性剤及び賦形剤を含む溶液を提供することを含み、ここで第2の溶媒が第1の溶媒より低い極性で、ここで賦形剤が活性剤より水に良く溶け、さらに賦形剤がアミノ酸、および/又はリン脂質を含み、そして第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒を除去し活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を成形する。
本発明の別の観点において、医薬成形物が、第1の溶媒、第2の溶媒、活性剤及び賦形剤を含む溶液を提供することを含み、ここで第2の溶媒は第1の溶媒より極性が低く、そしてここで賦形剤が活性剤より水中で有意に溶解し、そして第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒を除去し活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を成形し、ここで少なくとも20%の粒子が、Anderson Cascade Impactorにおいて比重量的(gravimetrically)に決定された時に、3.3μmより小さい空気力学的直径を有する。
本発明は、水に不溶な活性剤を含む微粒子薬剤導入組成物、およびこれらの製造方法に関する。本発明は、特に医薬的に適用する粒子の成形に特に適している。本方法が、噴霧化及び経口投与の医薬成形物の内容を図示されているが、本発萌は別の方法で使用することができ、本明細書に提供される例に限定すべきでない。
ここで使用されるように、「活性剤」とは、ある種の薬理的で、しばしば有益な効果を提供する作用薬、薬物、化合物、組成物の組成物又はその混合物を含む。本効果は、治療効果や予防効果などの医療的効果である。これには、食料、食料補助剤、栄養物、薬物、ワクチン、ビタミン、および他の有益な薬剤などがあげられる。本明細書に使用されるように「活性剤」は、患者の局部的又は全身的な効果を形成するいずれかの生理学的に、又は薬理学的な活性物質を含む。
本発明の活性剤は、医薬的担体や賦形剤を結合せることができる。こうした担体や賦形剤は、患者に導入される粉末にて濃縮した活性剤を減少したい場合に単に混合剤(bulking agents)として用いるか、又は味覚の隠蔽を処理する前に、そして/又は粉末の安定性及び/又は分散性を改良するために活性剤に添加できる。
その結果生ずる噴霧クラウド(aerosol cloud)は、装置から真空にて吸引され、ここでその噴霧クラウド(aerosol cloud)が、装置の口金に取り付けられた平衡秤量フイルター(tared filter)上に捕捉される。フイルターに達する粉末質量は、導入投与量を構成する。吸入器デバイスに入れられた乾燥粉末を含むブリスター包装で、例えば5mgの場合、もし粉末の分散により上記平衡秤量フイルター(tared filter)上の粉末の回収が4mgとなった場合、乾燥粉末組成物のためのEDが、4mg(導入された投与量)/5mg(名目投与量)x100% = 80%である。本発明による組成物が、少なくとも40%の放出投与量を含み、好ましくは少なくとも60%、最も好ましくは少なくとも75%を含む。
本明細書に用いられる用語「受動式乾燥粉末吸入器」は、患者の吸入努力により装置内に含まれる薬剤成形物の分散させ、そして噴霧化させる吸入デバイスで、そして圧縮気体及び振動素子又は回転素子などの薬剤成形物を分散及び噴霧するためのエネルギーを提供する手段を含まない吸入デバイスを指している。
本発明により、水に不溶な活性剤を含む医薬成形物を調製する。1の形態において、水に不溶な活性剤及び1又は複数の賦形剤を、液体又はスラリーに溶解又は1部溶解する。次に液体を除去し水に不溶な活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を形成する。1の形態において、賦形剤が活性剤より水における溶解性がある。本形態において、液体は、不溶な活性剤と賦形剤を最適に溶解するよう選択された比率にて2以上の溶媒を含む。
いったん溶液が形成されると、液体を除去し活性剤及び1又は複数の賦形剤を含む粒子を形成する。たとえば液体を噴霧乾燥し、液体を凍結乾燥し、液体を抽出することにより、又は粒子を液体から沈殿させることにより除去できる。液体の除去条件が、所望の特徴を有する粒子を生成するために選択できる。
及び賦形剤を、第1及び第2の溶媒に溶解し、そして液体をその溶液から除去して、水に不溶な活性剤及び分散性を強化剤を含む粒子を提供する。特に有効な分散性強化剤が、
1又は複数のアラニン、ロイシン、トリロイシン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、およびジステロイルホスファチジルコリンなどのアミノ酸、および/又はリン脂質であることが見出された。更に分散強化剤が、PCT WO 96/32149、および米国特許番号 6,358,530、6,372,258、および6,518,239に開示され、それらの全部が本明細書に引用として組み入れられている。
追加的にガラス成形賦形剤の例は、米国特許番号 RE 37,872、5,928,469、6,258,341、および6,309,671に開示され、それら全てを本明細書に引用として組み入れられる。(a)比率R1にて提供される所望量のガラス安定化賦形剤および活性剤を溶解するために、そして(b)活性剤及びガラス安定化賦形剤が沈殿するまで、蒸発処理の過程を介して共溶媒の比率を維持するために必要な共溶媒系の比率は、選択された共溶媒系における活性化剤及びガラス安定化賦形剤それぞれの溶解性のデータに基づいて計算され、その結果、共溶媒体積比がR2となる。
処理(engineered)する。本実施例により種々の表面特性が、微粒子組成物の意図する用途により影響される場合がある。肺へ投与するよう考えられた微粒子組成物の場合、組成物の分散性強化における被覆処理を提供することが望ましい。経口薬剤の導入適用として、錠剤、ロゼンジ又はカプセルなど経口投与の用量を形状的に形成した後、粒子を元の原粒子に容易に分散し、さらに提供できることが望ましい。他の所望適用は、微粒子組成物へ味を遮蔽する被覆を提供するか、又は標的とされそして/又は調節される放出活性剤のための被覆層を提供することである。
活性剤の所望の割合又は放出部位に提供する経口薬剤導入適応例として適切な被覆材料が、米国特許番号5,378,474、5,500,227、5,648,096、5,651,990、5,667,806、6,149,941、6,503,927、およびPCT WO 98/47493にて開示されているように、技術的に周知であり、その全てが、本明細書に全体にわたり引用として組み入れられている。
1の例において、混合処理が、噴霧乾燥器又は加熱された気体流が導入される同等の部屋にて行われる。加熱気体流が、微粉末化された液体と並行して流すことができるが、反対に流れる流れ、交差して流れる流れ、又はその他の流れの形状を用いることも可能である。さらにWO 01/00312により詳細に記載され、上記に引用した複数段階の乾燥工程に行うことができる。
比較のため、生のブデソニド(budesonide)が、上記同一処理条件下、共溶媒体積比率R4が5.7(85%容量エタノール)にて、エタノール-水の共溶媒系から乾燥された噴霧体である。図5は、粒子を示すSEMである。図5に示すように皺の少ない球状粒子が、噴霧体を賦形剤なしに乾燥した時形成される。これらの粒子は、表面が平滑な球状体であり、そしてある種の粒子の融合が観察される。これらの特性が、薬剤の肺導入とそて考えられる乾燥粉末成形物の成形にあまり好ましくない。
BとCの2つのロットでは、共溶媒体積比R4が3である。エタノール-水系にてL-ロイシンとブデソニドの溶解性に基づいて、L-ロイシンが、共溶媒体積比でブデソニドの被覆に有効である。ロットCは、7mg/mlとしてのロットBとAと比較し、供給溶液中で固体内容物が12.5mg/mlと増大して噴霧乾燥されたものである。
ロットAは、コントロールとして使用する。それは、共溶媒比R4が1(50容量%のエタノール)である。エタノール-水系におけるL-ロイシンとブデソニドの溶解性に基づいて、L-ロイシンが有効であるが、この共溶媒体積率でブデソニドの被覆において有効でない。
表1
Claims (40)
- 医薬成形物を調製する方法において、
第1の溶媒、第2の溶媒、活性剤、及び賦形剤を含む溶液を提供する工程、ここで、第2の溶媒が第1の溶媒より低い極性で、そして賦形剤が活性剤より水によく溶け、さらに賦形剤がアミノ酸及び/又はリン脂質を含み;そして
第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒を除去し活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を生成する工程、
を含む方法。 - 賦形剤が、1又は複数のアラニン、ロイシン、トリロイシン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、およびジステロイルホスファチジルコリンを含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 賦形剤がロイシンまたはトリロイシンを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 溶液がさらにガラス成形賦形剤を含む、請求1記載の方法。
- ガラス成形賦形剤が、トリロイシン、クエン酸ナトリウム、燐酸ソーダ、アスコルビン酸、ポリビニルピロリドン、マニトール、庶糖、トレハロース、ラクトース、プロリン、およびポビドンを含む、請求項4記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒対第2の溶媒の比率が1より大きい、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒対第2の溶媒の比率が10:90から90:10である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒対第2の溶媒の比率が約80:20である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒が水である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第2の溶媒がヒドロキシ溶媒を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第2の溶媒が、C1乃至C6のアルコールを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第2の溶媒がアセトンを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒が水を含み、そして第2の溶媒がエタノールを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 活性剤の溶解性がl mg/mlより少ない、請求項1記載の方法。
- 賦形剤の水中における溶解性がl mg/mlより大きい、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1および第2の溶媒が、溶液を噴霧乾燥することで除去される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 第1および第2の溶媒が、溶液を凍結乾燥することで除去される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 噴霧可能な医薬成形物を調製する方法において、
第1の溶媒、第2の溶媒、活性剤、及び賦形剤を含む溶液を提供する工程で、そこにおける第2の溶媒は第1の溶媒より低い極性で、さらにそこにおける賦形剤は、水中における溶解性が活性剤より高く;そして
第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒を除去し、活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を生成する工程で、そこにおける少なくとも20%の粒子が、アンダーソン・カスケード・インパクター(Anderson Cascade Impactor)にて重量的に決定された場合、3.3μより小さい空気力学的直径を有する;
ことを含む方法。 - 賦形剤がアミノ酸及び/又は燐脂質を含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 賦形剤が、1又は複数のアラニン、ロイシン、トリロイシン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリン、およびジステロイルホスファチジルコリンを含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 賦形剤がロイシンまたはトリロイシンを含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- さらに溶液がガラス成形賦形剤を含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- ガラス成形賦形剤が、1又は複数のトリロイシン、クエン酸ナトリウム、燐酸ナトリウム、アスコルビン酸、ポリビニルピロリドン・マンニトール、庶糖、トレハロース、ラクトース、プロリン、およびポビドンを含む、請求項22記載の方法。
- 第1の溶媒が水を含み、第2の溶媒がエタノールを含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 水中における活性剤の溶解性がl mg/mlより少ない、請求項18記載の方法。
- 第1および第2の溶媒が、溶液を噴霧乾燥することで除去される、請求項18記載の方法。
- 活性剤及び活性剤を少なくとも1部カプセル化した賦形剤を含む粒子を含み、ここで水中における賦形剤の溶解性が、活性剤より高いことを含む医薬成形物。
- 粒子が、100μmより小さいマス・メデアン直径(mass median diameter)を有する、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 粒子が20μmより小さいマス・メデアン直径(mass median diameter)を有する、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 粒子が10μmより小さいマス・メデアン直径(mass median diameter)を有する、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 粒子が5μmより小さいマス・メデアン直径(mass median diameter)を有する、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 賦形剤が分散強化剤を含む、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 分散強化剤が、1又は複数のアラニン、ロイシン、トリロイシン、ジパルミトイルホスファチジルコリンとジステロイルホスファチジルコリンを含む、請求項32記載の医薬成形物。
- アンダーソン・カスケード・インパクター(Anderson Cascade Impactor)で、少なくとも20%の粒子が、重量的に決定される場合、3.3μより小さい空気力学的な直径を有する、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 賦形剤に少なくとも1部カプセル化された追加成分をさらに含む、請求項27記載の医薬成形物。
- 追加成分がガラス成形賦形剤(a glass forming excipient)を含む、請求項35記載の医薬成形物。
- ガラス成形賦形剤(a glass forming excipient )が、1又は複数のトリロイシン、クエン酸ナトリウム、燐酸ナトリウム、アスコルビン酸、ポリビニルピロリドン・マニトール、庶糖、トレハロース、ラクトース、プロリン、およびポビドンを含む、請求項362記載の医薬成形物。
- 第1の溶媒、第2の溶媒、活性剤、及び賦形剤を含む溶液を提供する工程で、ここで、第2の溶媒は第1の溶媒より極性が低く、さらに水中における賦形剤の溶解性が活性剤より高く、そして
第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒を除去し、活性剤及び賦形剤を含む粒子を生成する工程で、ここで少なくとも20%の粒子が、アンダーソン・カスケード・インパクター(Anderson Cascade Impactor)で重量的に決定された場合、3.3μより小さい空気力学的な直径を有する、
ことを含む方法にて生成される医薬成形物。 - 賦形剤がロイシンまたはトリロイシンを含む、請求項38記載の医薬成形物。
- 活性成分は、水中における溶解性が1 mg/mlより少ない、請求項38記載の医薬成形物。
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JP2021100958A (ja) * | 2015-10-12 | 2021-07-08 | ホビオネ サイエンティア リミテッド | 三流体ノズルを用いた吸入用複合粒子の製造方法 |
JP7236485B2 (ja) | 2015-10-12 | 2023-03-09 | ホビオネ サイエンティア リミテッド | 三流体ノズルを用いた吸入用複合粒子の製造方法 |
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AU2004251623A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
CA2523475C (en) | 2013-02-05 |
US7862834B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
KR101511196B1 (ko) | 2015-04-10 |
MXPA05012821A (es) | 2006-02-13 |
US20050003004A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
CA2523475A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
US8668934B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 |
KR20120080243A (ko) | 2012-07-16 |
AU2004251623B2 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
US20110070309A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
WO2005000267A3 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
KR20060015316A (ko) | 2006-02-16 |
WO2005000267A2 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
KR20130105756A (ko) | 2013-09-25 |
EP1635786A2 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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