JP2007316397A - Operation sensing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify configuration with the number of diodes as a minimum. <P>SOLUTION: Each one end SWax, SWbx of a first switch SWa and a second switch SWb is directly connected to input signal lines 33, 34. The other end SWay of the first switch SWa corresponding to a corresponding key K is connected to output signal line 35 via a diode 36 for sneak prevention. As against the same, the other end Swby of the second switch SWb corresponding to the corresponding key K is directly connected without via the diode to the output signal line 35. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation detection device that constitutes a matrix switch and detects operations of a plurality of operation elements.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electronic keyboard instrument or the like, an operation detection device that detects an operation of an operator such as a key for performing musical tone processing or the like is known. For example, in an operation detection device applied to a keyboard instrument, as shown in Patent Document 1 below, a signal input system and an output system are divided, key switches are conceptually arranged in a matrix, time-division processing, etc. The key scan is performed to detect the operation of each operator. This reduces the number of wires.

  FIG. 6A shows a part of an example of a conventional matrix switch. Taking a simple configuration as an example, one key switch 107 is provided for each key. The matrix switch has a plurality of horizontal lines that are signal lines on the input side and a plurality of vertical lines that are signal lines on the output side. Each key switch 107 (107-1 to 107-8) is arranged at the intersection of the horizontal lines 101 and 102 and the vertical lines 103 to 106.

  By the way, for a keyboard instrument with one key switch for each key, the key switch corresponding to the same pitch type (A1, A2,..., A # 1, A # 2,..., Etc.) It is also common for one end of 107 to be connected so as to be connected to the same horizontal line and the other end of the key switch 107 belonging to the same octave to be connected to the same vertical line.

  To the horizontal lines 101 and 102, a key scan signal that is a pulse with a constant period is input from the transmission unit at different predetermined timings. Of the key switches 107 connected to the horizontal line at the timing when the key scan signal is input to one of the horizontal lines 101 and 102, the ones connected to the horizontal line that are in a conductive state by the key pressing operation are the vertical lines 103 to 103. An ON signal is output from the one corresponding to the key switch 107 out of 106 and input to the receiving unit. As a result, the key switch 107 which is turned on (make) is known.

  For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6A, when the key switch 107-1 is turned on at the timing when the key scan signal is input to the horizontal line 101, the ON signal is output from the vertical line 103 through the route L1. Is output. That is, the pressed key can be identified from the input scan timing of the horizontal line key scan signal and the output state of the ON signal of each vertical line.

  However, with a keyboard instrument, it is normal for multiple keys to be pressed at once, and each key can be pressed independently, so that the key switch that is turned on in the same row or column of the matrix It is quite possible that there are multiple. In such a case, erroneous detection due to so-called signal wraparound may occur.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a key scan signal is input to the horizontal line 101 in a state where three key switches 107-1, 107-5, and 107-7 are actually (physically) turned on. At this time, it is inherently appropriate that only the vertical line 103 is turned on and only the key switch 107-1 is detected. However, since the key switches 107-5 and 107-7 are conductive, the key scan signal input to the horizontal line 101 is also turned on from the vertical line 105 through the route L2, as if it were actually It will be detected that the key switch 107-3 which is not turned on is turned on.

  In order to avoid such erroneous detection, a matrix switch is conventionally provided with a diode for preventing wraparound (for example, Patent Document 2 below).

FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a part of an example of a matrix switch employing a conventional diode. As shown in FIG. 6B, one end of each key switch is connected to a horizontal line in the same manner as in FIG. 6A, but the other end of each key switch is connected to a wraparound prevention diode 110, respectively. Connected to the vertical line. As a result, it is possible to prevent a signal from flowing backward from the vertical line to the horizontal line via another key switch, and to avoid the erroneous detection as described above.
JP 09-185374 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 05-017672

  However, in the operation detection device provided with the matrix switch using the above-described conventional diode, a diode for preventing wraparound must be provided for each switch, so that the number of diodes becomes enormous and the cost increases, The wiring on the board is also complicated, the configuration is complicated, and the mounting efficiency is poor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an operation detection device capable of simplifying the configuration by minimizing the number of diodes.

  In order to achieve the above object, an operation detection apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is an operation detection apparatus that detects the degree of operation of a plurality of operation elements for each operation element, and is provided corresponding to each operation element. Other than the plurality of switches that are turned on in a fixed order at different positions in the operation forward stroke of the corresponding operation element, and the last switch (SWb) that is turned on last in the operation forward stroke among the plurality of switches. A non-final common signal line (33) in which the same number of the final switches (SWa) per operator are provided and one end (SWax) of the non-final switches that are turned on in the same order is connected; A signal line (35) for each operation element provided corresponding to each operation element, and having the other end (SWay) of the non-final switch corresponding to the corresponding operation element connected via a diode (36); One final common signal line (34) in which one end (SWbx) of each final switch is connected to each other, and the other end (SWby) of each final switch corresponds to a corresponding operator. It is characterized in that it is directly connected to each signal line without going through a diode.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is an illustration.

  According to the present invention, the configuration can be simplified by minimizing the number of diodes.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument to which an operation detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

  The electronic keyboard instrument includes a detection circuit 3, a detection circuit 4, a ROM 6, a RAM 7, a timer 8, a display device 9, an external storage device 10, an interface (I / F) 11, a tone generator circuit 13, and an effect circuit 14. And connected to the CPU 5 respectively.

  Further, a keyboard KB for inputting pitch information is connected to the detection circuit 3, and a setting operator 2 for inputting various information is connected to the detection circuit 4. The display device 9 displays various information such as musical scores and characters. A timer 8 is connected to the CPU 5. The I / F 11 includes a MIDI (Musical Instruments Digital Interface) I / F and a communication I / F, and enables communication with other MIDI devices and server computers. A sound system 15 is connected to the sound source circuit 13 via an effect circuit 14.

  The keyboard KB includes a plurality of keys K (K1, K2,...). The keyboard KB may include a foot keyboard. The detection circuit 3 detects the operation state of each key K, and the detection circuit 4 detects the operation state of the setting operator 2. The CPU 5 controls the entire apparatus. The ROM 6 stores a control program executed by the CPU 5, various table data, and the like. The RAM 7 temporarily stores various input information such as performance data and text data, various flags, buffer data, calculation results, and the like. The timer 8 measures the interrupt time and various times in the timer interrupt process. The external storage device 10 stores various application programs including the control program, various music data, various data, and the like.

  The tone generator circuit 13 converts performance data input from the key K, set performance data, and the like into musical tone signals. The effect circuit 14 gives various effects to the musical sound signal input from the sound source circuit 13, and the sound system 15 such as a DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter), an amplifier, and a speaker receives the musical sound signal input from the effect circuit 16. To sound.

  Examples of the external storage device 10 include a flexible disk drive (FDD), a hard disk drive (HDD), a CD-ROM drive, and a magneto-optical disk (MO) drive. The external storage device 10 can also store control programs in addition to various information.

  FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the operation state of the key K and the key operation switch. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the key operation switch. As shown in FIG. 5A, the key K corresponds to the white key Kw or the black key Kb on the keyboard KB. Hereinafter, when the white key Kw and the black key Kb are not distinguished, the name “key K” is simply used.

  The key operation switch 20 is provided corresponding to each key K, and is driven by pressing the corresponding key K. The key operation switch 20 is a two-make switch having a first switch SWa composed of a fixed contact 21 and a movable contact 22 and a second switch SWb composed of a fixed contact 23 and a movable contact 24 (see also FIG. 1). By the key pressing operation, make-up is performed in the order of the first switch SWa and the second switch SWb in the forward stroke. When the press is released, the key K returns to the initial position. In the return stroke, the makeup is released in the reverse order of the forward stroke, that is, in the order of the second switch SWb and the first switch SWa. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 4, the detection circuit 3 (see FIG. 1) scans the state of each key operation switch 20, and sends the result to the CPU 5 as a detection signal.

  FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a temporal transition of the pressed position of the key K. As shown in the figure, the key operation switch 20 detects the degree of operation of the corresponding key K in a plurality of stages (three stages including note-off). That is, three states are detected as the degree of operation: a state where the first switch SWa is not making, a state where the first switch SWa is making and the second switch SWb is not making, and a state where the second switch SWb is making. The When the first switch SWa is not in make-up, the note is off (key off), and when the second switch SWb is in make-up, the note is on (key on).

  When the key K is pressed and the first switch SWa and the second switch SWb are sequentially turned on (make in the order of a1 → b1 shown in FIG. 3), a sound is generated when the second switch SWb is made. Since each key K has a unique pitch, the pitch at the time of sound generation is defined by the pressed key K. Note on velocity is defined by the time between a1 and b1. When the key K is released and the second switch SWb and the first switch SWa are sequentially turned off (make release is performed in the order of b2 → a2 shown in FIG. 3), the sound is muted when the first switch SWa is turned off. Is made.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a part of the matrix switch in the operation detection device of the present embodiment. In the figure, a first switch SWa and a second switch SWb corresponding to four keys K (for example, keys K1 to K4) adjacent in order from the pitch C to D # are shown. The switches SWa and SWb are arranged by the number of keys K in the left-right direction.

  As shown in the figure, in this matrix switch, as many input signal lines 33 and 34 as the number of switches per key (two in this example) are provided as input signal lines on the input side. In addition, the same number of output signal lines 35 on the output side as the total number of keys K (for example, 61) are provided corresponding to each key K (in the figure, 35-1 to 35-4 are shown). The switches SWa and SWb are arranged at the intersections between the input signal lines 33 and 34 and the output signal lines 35-1 to 35-4.

  In the drawing, the input signal lines 33 and 34 and the output signal line 35 are orthogonal to each other. However, this is conceptually illustrated, and may be physically orthogonal with actual wiring or in a matrix shape. There is no need to do. Hereinafter, when the switches SWa and SWb corresponding to the keys K1 to K4 are referred to separately, numbers are given at the end, and the switches SWa1, SWb, etc. are described as the first switches SWa1, SWa2,.

  One end SWax of each first switch SWa is directly connected to the input signal line 33. Similarly, for the input signal line 34, one end SWbx of each second switch SWb is directly connected.

  On the other hand, the other end SWay of the first switch SWa corresponding to the corresponding key K is connected to the output signal line 35 via a diode 36 (36-1 to 36-4). On the other hand, the other end SWby of the second switch SWb corresponding to the corresponding key K is directly connected to the output signal line 35 without a diode. Here, the diode 36 is for preventing signal sneaking, and only allows current flowing from the first switch SWa to the output signal line 35 to prevent backflow.

  A key scan signal, which is a pulse with a constant period, is input from the transmitter 31 to the input signal lines 33 and 34 at different predetermined timings. In this example, since there are two input signal lines, key scan signals are alternately input to the input signal lines 33 and 34. From each output signal line 35, an ON signal is output according to the conduction state of the switches SWa and SWb and input to the receiving unit 32.

  At the timing when the key scan signal is input to the input signal line 33, an ON signal is output from the output signal line 35 corresponding to the first switch SWa that is made and turned on by the key pressing operation. Similarly, at the timing when the key scan signal is input to the input signal line 34, an ON signal is output from the output signal line 35 corresponding to the second switch SWb being made.

  As a result, which switch SW of which key K has made is known for each switch SW of each key K. Accordingly, the key K pressed and the degree of operation thereof are determined for each key K from the input timing of the key scan signal in the input signal lines 33 and 34 that are horizontal lines and the output state of the ON signal of the output signal line 35 that is vertical lines. Can be specified.

  Here, the matrix switch (FIG. 4) in the present embodiment is different from the conventional matrix switch (FIG. 6B) in that no diode is connected to the second switch SWb. It seems that there is a risk of false detection due to wraparound. However, as will be explained next, there is no fear.

  For example, as in the example of FIG. 6A, at least the first switch SWa1, the second switch SWb1, and the second switch SWb3 are actually (physically) making a key scan on the input signal line 33. Consider the timing when a signal is input. In this case, an ON signal is output not only from the output signal line 35-1, but also from the output signal line 35-3 regardless of the make state of the first switch SWa3 due to the signal wraparound. Therefore, at least not only the first switch SWa1 but also the first switch SWa3 is detected to be on.

  However, since the first switch SWa3 and the second switch SWb3 are made in the order of pressing the key K3, the first switch SWa3 is always physically made when the second switch SWb3 is physically made. You will be making up. Therefore, even if it is detected that the first switch SWa3 is on as in the above example, it is not erroneously detected, and there is no practical problem.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the key scan process in the present embodiment. Here, although not shown, the main processing is started when the electronic keyboard instrument is powered on. The process of FIG. 5 is executed during the main process. In this main process, various variables are first initialized, and device settings including mode setting and tone color setting by the operation of the setting operator 2 are performed. Further, a musical tone process in which a set effect process is added to the performance signal generated in step S113 (described later) in FIG. 5 to amplify and output, an automatic performance process according to the setting, and the like are also performed.

  In this key scan processing, key scan signals are alternately input to the input signal lines 33 and 34 (steps S116 to S118), and all the keys K are assigned to the key scan signal while one of the input signal lines is being input. The corresponding output signal line 35 is sequentially scanned. Thereafter, a variable SOU having a value of a or b is used, and a key scan signal is input to the input signal line 33 when SOU = a and to the input signal line 34 when SOU = b.

  First, it is determined whether or not the last key K has been scanned (step S101). If not, the n value is incremented by “1” (step S102). The n value is a variable for specifying one key K (or the corresponding output signal line 35) to be scanned this time. If the keyboard KB has 61 keys, any one of n = 1 to 61 is set. Takes the value of The n-th key K is hereinafter referred to as “key Kn”, and the output signal line 35 corresponding to the key Kn is referred to as “output signal line 35 n”.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the signal state at the current value (a or b) of the variable SOU of the output signal line 35n corresponding to the key Kn has changed from the previous scan (step S103). For example, assuming that SOU = a at present, the signal state of this time is compared with the previous time when the output signal line 35n is scanned at the timing when the key scan signal is input to the input signal line 33. It is determined whether or not there was.

  If there is no change as a result of the determination, the process returns to step S101. On the other hand, if the signal state has changed between the previous time and the current time, it is determined whether or not the variable SOU is a and whether or not an ON signal is output from the output signal line 35n (steps S104 and S105). , S109). When SOU = a and the ON signal is output from the output signal line 35n, it is determined that the first switch SWa corresponding to the key Kn has been turned ON from the previous OFF state.

  In this case, it is determined whether or not the pitch of the key Kn is currently sounding (step S106). As a result of the determination, if the pitch of the key Kn is not currently sounding, the key Kn is pressed from the non-key-pressed state, and the corresponding first switch SWa is in the make-up state (passes a1 in FIG. 3). To be judged. Therefore, in this case, in order to start measurement of note-on velocity, TimeKn, which is a timer corresponding to the key Kn, is cleared and a new time measurement of TimeKn is started (step S107), and the process returns to step S101. Here, TimeKn is measured for each key K.

  On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S106, if the pitch of the key Kn is currently sounding, the second switch SWb corresponding to the key Kn is made and after making sound, the make of the first switch SWa is still released. It is determined that the state is not continued (b1 to a2 in FIG. 3). Therefore, in this case, the process returns to step S101 without clearing TimeKn or timing.

  Here, in the situation where it is determined in step S105 that an ON signal is output from the output signal line 35n, the second switch SWb corresponding to the key Kn and the first switch SWa corresponding to another key K are used. And the second switch SWb are both turned on, so that the first switch SWa and the second switch SWb corresponding to the other key K and the second switch SWb corresponding to the key Kn are turned on by the wraparound. This includes the case where a signal is detected. However, even in such a case, as described above, the first switch SWa3 is always physically made, so there is no problem even if it is not particularly distinguished.

  On the other hand, as a result of the determination in steps S104 and S105, when SOU = a and no on signal is output from the output signal line 35n, the first switch SWa corresponding to the key Kn is turned off from the previous on state. (Passed through a2 in FIG. 3). In this case, the process proceeds to step S108, a key-off (silence) process of the pitch of the key Kn is executed, and the process returns to step S101.

  As a result of the determination in steps S104 and S109, when SOU = b and an ON signal is output from the output signal line 35n, the second switch SWb corresponding to the key Kn is switched from the previous OFF state to the current ON state (see FIG. 3 passes b1). In this case, sound generation processing is performed in steps S110 to S115. On the other hand, when SOU = b and no ON signal is output from the output signal line 35n, the second switch SWb corresponding to the key Kn changes from the previous ON state to the current OFF state (passes b2 in FIG. 3). It is judged. In this case, the process returns to step S101 without performing the sound generation process.

  In the sound generation process, first, in step S110, it is determined whether TimeKn> 0 is satisfied. If TimeKn> 0 is established as a result of the determination, the measurement of TimeKn is stopped (step S111), and the note-on velocity value is calculated from the value of TimeKn and set (step S112). Next, a performance signal corresponding to the pitch (pitch) corresponding to the key Kn and the set velocity value is generated (step S113). Then, a musical tone based on the performance signal is generated by the main process. Thereafter, the process returns to step S101.

  On the other hand, if TimeKn> 0 is not satisfied as a result of the determination in the step S110, it is a case where TimeKn has not been measured even though a1 and b1 in FIG. 3 have been passed. That is, the second switch SWb is detected to be turned on without detecting the first switch SWa corresponding to the key Kn. Such a case may occur, for example, when the first switch SWa is out of order in a single key depression.

  Therefore, in this case, it is notified that the first switch SWa corresponding to the key Kn has failed (step S114). Any type of failure notification may be used. For example, the failure notification may be performed by display on the display device 9, notification by voice, or the like.

  Next, in step S115, the velocity value used for the pitch that was sounded immediately before is acquired and set. That is, since TimeKn cannot be obtained by the normal timekeeping, the velocity value of the immediately preceding pronunciation is used instead. Accordingly, in this case, in the subsequent step S113, a performance signal corresponding to the pitch (pitch) corresponding to the key Kn and the velocity value set in step S115 is generated.

  In step S115, it is not always necessary to use the velocity value of the immediately preceding pronunciation as it is, for example, the average value of the velocity values of the past several pronunciations may be used, or the default value is uniformly used. May be.

  According to the present embodiment, in the matrix switch, the other end SWay of the first switch SWa is connected to the output signal line 35 via the wraparound prevention diode 36, whereas the last in the operation forward stroke. The other end SWby of the second switch SWb that is turned on is directly connected without a diode. However, no erroneous detection of each first switch SWa occurs unless a failure occurs. As a result, the number of diodes can be reduced, and not only costs are reduced, but also wiring on the substrate is simplified. Therefore, the configuration of the operation detection device can be simplified by minimizing the number of diodes.

  In particular, the 2-make matrix switch can be halved in the number of diodes as compared to the conventional configuration, and thus is extremely useful for a keyboard instrument with a small number of keys.

  In addition, even if the first switch SWa fails, the steps S114 and S115 in FIG. 5 can notify the failure, and can set the velocity and continue the sound generation process.

  Conventionally, in a wiring on a substrate, a matrix is generally formed by using a diode as a jumper. However, since there are a large number of wirings to jump, a diode with a lead wire must be adopted. Did not get. However, in this embodiment, in the wiring of the number of keys K × the number of make-ups (= 2), only one jumping line is required, so that it is possible to sufficiently jump even with a chip diode instead of a diode with a lead wire. Is possible. That is, since the adoption of the chip diode is easy in terms of wiring, an effect that the mounting efficiency can be increased can be expected.

  The key K may not be a two-make type, and the present invention can be applied even if the key K is a three-make type or more. However, as described above, omitting the diode without causing the possibility of erroneous detection as compared with the conventional matrix switch configuration corresponds to the last switch (second switch SWb that is turned on last in the operation forward stroke). ), And non-final switches other than the final switch (corresponding to the first switch SWa) require a diode connection as before.

  Therefore, when the number of make-ups is three or more, the same number of input signal lines as the non-final switches are provided corresponding to the input signal line 33, and only one input signal line corresponding to the input signal line 34 is provided. Further, even if the diode is omitted only for the final switch, it is possible to ignore the adverse effects caused by the wraparound.

  In the present embodiment, the input signal lines 33 and 34 are input with a key scan signal, which is a pulse having a constant cycle, from the transmission unit 31, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, different voltage values may be applied to the input signal lines 33 and 34.

  Note that the operator whose degree of operation is detected by the operation detection device is not limited to the key K, and the target device is not limited to the electronic keyboard instrument. That is, the present invention can be applied to various electronic devices having a plurality of switches that are turned on in a fixed order at a plurality of different positions in the operation forward stroke of the corresponding operation element.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an electronic keyboard instrument to which an operation detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram (FIG. (A)) showing the relationship between the key operation state and the key operation switch, and a sectional view (FIG. (B)) showing the configuration of the key operation switch. It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the time transition of the key pressing position. It is a figure which shows a part of matrix switch in the operation detection apparatus of this Embodiment. It is a flowchart of the key scan process in this Embodiment. It is a figure (a figure) showing a part of an example of the conventional matrix switch, and a figure (a figure (b)) showing a part of an example of the matrix switch which adopted the conventional diode.

Explanation of symbols

  K key (operator), SWb second switch (final switch), SWa first switch (non-final switch), SWax one end, SWay other end, SWbx one end, SWby other end, 33 input signal line (non-final common signal line) ), 34 input signal line (final common signal line), 35 output signal line (signal line per operator), 36 diode

Claims (1)

An operation detection device that detects the degree of operation of a plurality of operators for each operator,
A plurality of switches that are provided corresponding to the respective operating elements and are turned on in a fixed order at different positions in the operation forward stroke of the corresponding operating elements;
Among the plurality of switches, the number of non-final switches other than the last switch that is turned on last in the operation forward stroke is provided as many as one operator, and one end of each of the non-final switches that is turned on in the same order. A non-final common signal line connected to
A signal line for each manipulator provided corresponding to each manipulator, the other end of the non-final switch corresponding to the corresponding manipulator being connected via a diode,
One final common signal line connected to one end of each final switch;
An operation detecting device, wherein the other end of each final switch is directly connected to a signal line for each operating element corresponding to the corresponding operating element without using a diode.

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