JP2008286858A - Electronic music sound generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To calculate key touch information by reflecting player's intention, in case of no continuous hit sound by keeping shallow key pressing, and to calculate the key touch information, even in case of continuous hit sound by keeping shallow key pressing. <P>SOLUTION: Keyboard switches SW1 to SW4 are arranged in a key pressing depth direction for each key of a keyboard. When the key is pressed from a state in which all keys are not touched, velocity is calculated from difference of when SW1 and SW2 are turned on. When the key is pressed from a half key pressing state in which SW1 is on, and SW3 is off, the velocity is calculated from time difference of when SW3 and SW4 are turned on. The musical sound is generated by the calculated velocity. More than five keyboard switches may be arranged and SW1 to SW4 may be selected from them. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic musical tone generator having key touch information generating means, and in particular, an electronic musical tone having key touch information calculating means capable of calculating key touch information even when a key is pressed while being pressed shallowly. Regarding the generator.

  In the conventional electronic musical tone generator, two contacts are arranged at the key press depth direction position for each key, and the key touch information is calculated based on the time difference when the two contacts are turned on when the key is pressed. Yes.

  In Patent Document 1, a 4-make touch response switch is used, two switches at shallow positions in the key pressing depth direction are used for detecting the half mute section, and two switches at deep positions are used for detecting the key-on time. An electronic keyboard instrument is described. In this case, even if the key is not completely returned, the velocity is determined again by the key-on of the two switches at a deep position, so that it is possible to generate a musical sound like when hit repeatedly.

Patent Document 2 describes a speed detection device that accurately detects the final keystroke speed of a hammer in order to properly generate an electronic sound regardless of whether it is strongly struck or weakly struck.
JP 2003-280658 A JP 2000-276134 A

  In an acoustic piano, a musical sound is transmitted even when a key is pressed shallowly and repeatedly hit. However, in the electronic musical tone generator that calculates the key touch information based on the time difference at which the two contacts are turned on when the key is pressed, the key contact information is calculated by arranging two contacts at the key pressing depth direction position for each key. Since key press information such as velocity cannot be calculated when the key is repeatedly pressed with the contact pressed in a shallow position in the key press depth direction, with the contact being turned on being kept on, There was a problem that music was not transmitted.

  In the electronic keyboard instrument described in Patent Document 1, the velocity is always determined by key-on of two switches at deep positions, and the key touch information is a key switch that reflects the intention of the player well. The depth position is not considered.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228688 has a problem with the final key-pressing speed when a strong or weak hit is made, and does not have a problem with the calculation of key touch information when the key is hit repeatedly while being pressed shallowly.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can calculate key touch information that reflects the player's intention well when it is not shallowly pressed repeatedly. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical tone generator including key touch information calculation means capable of calculating touch information.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention calculates key touch information based on on / off of a keyboard switch arranged at a key press depth direction position for each key of the keyboard, and according to the key touch information. In the electronic musical tone generator for generating musical tones, at least four first to fourth keyboard switches arranged in order at different positions in the key pressing depth direction for each key of the keyboard, and the first A first key-pressing speed detecting means for measuring a time from when the keyboard switch is turned on until the second keyboard switch is turned on; and after the third keyboard switch is turned on, the fourth keyboard switch is A second key pressing speed detecting means for measuring a time until turning on; a first key touch information calculating means for calculating key touch information based on the time measured by the first key pressing speed detecting means; , The second key pressing speed Second key touch information calculating means for calculating key touch information based on the time measured by the output means, and key pressing from a fully released state where all of the first to fourth keyboard switches are off. A half-key release in which a tone is generated in accordance with the key touch information calculated by the first key touch information calculating means, the first keyboard switch is on, and the third keyboard switch is off. The first feature is that a key tone is generated in response to the key touch information calculated by the second key touch information calculating means for the key depression from the state.

  In addition, the present invention includes five or more keyboard switches arranged in order at different positions in the key pressing depth direction for each key of the keyboard, from which the first to fourth keyboard switches can be selected. There is a second feature in that.

  Further, according to the present invention, the third and fourth keyboards are selected by selecting two keyboard switches arranged at a position where the key pressing depth direction is third or deeper from the five or more keyboard switches. The third feature is that it is used as a switch.

  According to the present invention, the key touch information calculated by the first key touch information calculation means is used when the key is pressed from the fully-released state, and the second is displayed when the key is pressed from the half-released state. Since the key touch information calculated by the key touch information calculation means is used, it is not related to the configuration of the key touch information generation in the case where the key is pressed lightly and the key in the case where the key is not repeatedly pressed Touch information can be generated. Therefore, it is possible to obtain key touch information that reflects the player's intention well, and to obtain key touch information even in the case of repeated hits that are kept pressed.

  Also, by providing five or more keyboard switches sequentially arranged at different positions in the key pressing depth direction with respect to each key of the keyboard, the first to fourth keyboard switches can be selected from among them. The keyboard switch can be selected and used for calculating the key touch information so that the key touch information reflecting the performer's intention can be obtained.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical tone generator to which the present invention is applied. The electronic musical tone generator of this embodiment has the form of a keyboard instrument, CPU1, ROM2, RAM3, operation panel 4, panel interface (I / F) 5, keyboard (keyboard) 6, keyboard I / F7, MIDI I / F8, tone generator 9, D / A converter 10, output amplifier (AMP) 11, speaker 12, and bus 13.

  The CPU 1 controls the entire electronic musical tone generator according to the control program. In addition to the control program, the ROM 2 stores various parameters for setting the performance state, such as a plurality of tone color parameters and effect parameters. The RAM 3 is used as a work area for the CPU 1 and is also used as a buffer for temporarily storing data of various registers. The RAM 3 may be backed up by a battery, for example.

  The operation panel 4 has various operators for setting the state during performance and a display (LCD) for displaying the state set thereby. The panel I / F 5 scans the operation panel 4 to generate panel event information indicating ON / OFF of the panel switch, and drives the LCD arranged on the operation panel 4 to display various setting information from the CPU 1. Display. The panel event information is stored in the RAM 3 in association with each panel switch.

  For each key of the keyboard 7, a keyboard switch is arranged in the key pressing direction. In the present invention, at least four keyboard switches are arranged in the direction of the key depression depth, and the key depression and key release states of each key are sensed by these. The keyboard I / F7 scans the keyboard switch to detect each on / off state, generates key event information such as key press (key on), key release (key off), pitch (key number), and velocity. The key touch information including is calculated. Key event information and key touch information are also stored in the RAM 3.

  The MIDI I / F 8 is a signal transmission / reception circuit that exchanges MIDI messages with an external MIDI device. Performance information input from the MIDI I / F 8 or performance information including key event information and key touch information by operating the keyboard 7 is input to a musical tone generator (TG) 9.

  The tone generator 9 is a circuit that generates a tone signal based on performance information by means of a waveform readout method. From the waveform memory in which digital tone waveform sample values are stored, waveforms are sequentially generated at address intervals proportional to the pitch to be sounded. Data is read out, and an interpolating operation is performed to generate a musical sound waveform signal.

  The musical sound generator 9 multiplies the musical sound waveform signal by the envelope signal generated according to the envelope parameter to give an envelope, and further, various effects such as reverb and echo are appropriately applied by an effector equipped with a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). Outputs the assigned digital musical tone signal. The musical tone generator 9 has a plurality of, for example, 32 musical tone generation channels, but in practice, a single tone generator is operated in a time-division multiplexing manner so that a plurality of musical tone signals can be generated independently at the same time. Has been.

  The D / A converter 10 converts the digital musical sound signal into an analog signal. The analog signal converted by the D / A converter 10 is given to the speaker 12 through an output amplifier (AMP) 11, and a musical sound is transmitted from the speaker 12.

  FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a keyboard switch arranged for each key of the keyboard 7. Here, the first to fourth keyboard switches SW1, SW2, SW3, and SW4 are arranged in the key pressing depth direction for each key KEY of the keyboard 7. The first and second keyboard switches SW1 and SW2 are arranged with respect to a relatively shallow key depression depth position, and the third and fourth keyboard switches SW3 and SW4 are arranged with respect to a relatively deep key depression depth position. Arranged.

  SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4 are turned on in sequence if the key KEY is pressed deeply from the fully released state, and SW4, SW3, SW2, SW1 are turned off in sequence if released. Of the events, a key depression event is detected when SW2 or SW4 is turned on, and a key release event is detected when SW1 or SW3 is turned off. The velocity included in the key touch information is calculated from the time difference when SW1 and SW2 are sequentially turned on or the time difference when SW3 and SW4 are sequentially turned on.

  If a key depression event is detected when SW1 is turned on, the subsequent key depression event of SW3 is ignored. If a key release event is detected when SW3 is off, the subsequent SW1 key release event is ignored. This can be controlled by referring to a flag AllOffFlag, which will be described later, or a flag that is set once a key depression event is generated and reset when a key release event is generated once.

  The configuration for detecting the time difference at which SW1 and SW2 are sequentially turned on corresponds to the first key pressing speed detection means, and the configuration for calculating the velocity from the time difference corresponds to the first key touch information calculation means. Further, the configuration for detecting the time difference when SW3 and SW4 are sequentially turned on corresponds to the second key pressing speed detection means, and the configuration for calculating the velocity from the time difference corresponds to the second key touch information calculation means.

  FIG. 3 is a main flowchart showing an example of the operation of the electronic musical tone generator of FIG. When the power is turned on, first, initialization (S31) is executed. With this initialization, the CPU 1, RAM 3, LSI constituting the tone generator 11, etc. are set to the initial state.

  Next, it is determined whether or not an event has occurred (S32). If it is determined in S32 that an event has occurred, event processing corresponding to the event is executed (S33). If it is determined in S32 that no event has occurred, or after event processing is executed in S33, normal processing is executed (S34). This normal processing (S34) includes processing such as volume control and vibrato provision. Thereafter, the process returns to S32.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the event processing (S33) of FIG. In the event processing, first, it is determined whether or not the generated event is a key pressing event (S41). The key depression event can be determined by turning on SW2 or SW4 in FIG. If it is determined in S41 that the event is a key pressing event, the key pressing process (S42) is executed and then the process returns. The key pressing process includes a process of acquiring T1 or T2 obtained by a counter routine (A) or (B) described later and generating a sound with a velocity corresponding thereto. If it is not determined in S41 that the event is a key press event, it is determined whether or not the event is a key release event (S43). The key release event can be determined by turning off SW1 or SW3 in FIG. If it is determined in S43 that the event is a key release event, the key release process (S44) is executed and then the process returns.

  If it is not determined as a key release event in S43, it is determined whether or not it is a panel event (S45). If the panel event is determined in S45, the process returns after executing the panel process (S46). If not determined as a panel event, the process returns after executing the other event process (S47). The key release process, panel process, and other event processes are the same as normal ones, and will not be described.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the timer interrupt. Timer interrupt increments the count value t _x of the counter in accordance with a predetermined clock by interrupting the CPU 1 (S51). Since t _x is used for velocity calculation, the predetermined clock has a period sufficiently shorter than the key pressing change time. Note that the initial value of t _x is 0.

  In the present embodiment, a flag AllOffFlag is used to determine whether the key is pressed from the fully-released state or the half-released state. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flag control routine for controlling AllOffFlag.

  AllOffFlag is reset in the initial state. First, it is determined whether or not SW4 is turned on (S61). If it is determined that the key is pressed and SW4 is turned on, AllOffFlag is set (S62). Next, it is determined whether or not SW4 is turned off (S63). If it is determined that SW1 is turned off after the key is released, AllOffFlag is reset. AllOffFlag is released when the key is pressed and SW4 is turned on. Even if SW3 and SW2 are turned off, AllOffFlag remains set in the half-released state where SW1 is on.

  Through the above processing, AllOffFlag is reset (= 0) in the initial state, and is set (= 1) when SW4 is turned on, and then reset (= 0) when SW1 is turned off.

  FIGS. 7 and 8 are flowcharts showing counter routines (A) and (B) for obtaining the velocity at the time of sound generation in the key pressing process (S42) of FIG. The counter routine (A) in FIG. 7 is called and executed when SW1 or SW3 is turned on, and the counter routine (B) is called and executed when SW2 or SW4 is turned on.

The counter routine (A) in FIG. 7 is called when SW1 or SW3 is turned on. Here, first, an interrupt is prohibited (S71), after resetting (S72) a t _x to 0 to release the interrupt disabled (S73). By adopting a configuration in which t _x is reset to 0 as an interrupt prohibition, it is possible to prevent a malfunction caused by an interrupt at that time. The S 71 to S 73, the counter routine (A) is set to t _x is 0 each time it is called.

  Next, it is determined whether or not AllOffFlag is set (S74). If it is determined that AllOffFlag is not set, it is further determined whether or not SW1 is on (S75). If it is determined that SW1 is on, 0 is substituted for T1 (S76). If it is not determined that SW1 is on, the process returns.

  If it is determined in S74 that AllOffFlag is set, it is further determined whether or not SW3 is on (S77). If it is determined that SW3 is on, 0 is substituted for T2 (S78). If it is not determined that SW3 is on, the process returns.

  With the above processing, T1 becomes O when the key is pressed from the fully released state and SW1 is turned on, and T2 becomes O when SW3 is turned on from the half-released state.

The counter routine (B) in FIG. 8 is called when SW2 or SW4 is turned on. Here, first, an interrupt is prohibited (S81), and dT reads t _x at that time (S82). Then, reset the t _x to 0 (S83), it releases the interrupt disabled (S84). By adopting a configuration in which t _x is read out as an interrupt prohibition, it is possible to prevent a malfunction due to an interrupt occurring at that time. Every time the counter routine (B) is called by S81 to S84, the time difference from when SW1 is turned on until SW2 is turned on, or the time difference between when SW3 is turned on and SW4 is turned on is obtained as dT. .

  Next, it is determined whether or not AllOffFlag is set (S85). If it is determined that AllOffFlag is not set, it is further determined whether or not SW2 is on (S86). If it is determined that SW2 is on, T1 + dT is substituted for T1 (S87), and if it is not determined that SW2 is on, the process returns.

  If it is determined in S85 that AllOffFlag is set, it is further determined whether or not SW4 is on (S88). If it is determined that SW4 is on, T2 + dT is substituted for T2 (S89), and if it is not determined that SW4 is on, the process returns.

  With the above processing, T1 becomes T1 + dT when SW2 is turned on after being depressed from the fully released state, and this represents a time difference from when SW1 is turned on to when SW2 is turned on. Further, when SW4 is turned on after the key is depressed from the half-released state, T2 becomes T2 + dT, and this represents a time difference from when SW3 is turned on to when SW4 is turned on. The obtained T1 and T2 are used when calculating the velocity at the time of pronunciation.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the key pressing process (S42). This key pressing process is executed following the counter routines (A) and (B) when SW2 or SW4 is switched from OFF to ON. First, it is determined whether or not AllOffFlag is set (S91) .If it is determined that AllOffFlag is not set, the velocity is calculated based on T1 obtained in S87, and the sound is thereby generated (S92). ). This is a case where SW1 and SW2 are turned on in order after being depressed from the fully released key. Subsequent to this, even when SW3 and SW4 are turned on in sequence, AllOffFlag is not set, so that no sound is produced.

  On the other hand, if it is determined that AllOffFlag is set, the velocity is calculated based on T2 obtained in S89, and the sound is produced by this (S93). This is a case where SW3 and SW4 are turned on in order after being depressed from the half-released state.

  As described above, a musical tone is generated according to T1 (key touch information calculated by the first key touch information calculation means) when a key is pressed from a fully-released state in which SW1 to SW4 are all off. When a key is pressed from a half-key release state in which SW1 is on and SW3 is off, a musical tone is generated according to T2 (key touch information calculated by the second key touch information calculating means). . The reason why T1 is used for velocity calculation when the key is pressed from the fully released state is that the intention of the performer at the time of performance is well reflected in the initial stage of key touch.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation at the time of key depression, where the vertical axis represents the key depression depth and the horizontal axis represents the passage of the period. In FIG. 10, key pressing starts at t0, SW1, SW2, SW3, and SW4 turn on at t1, t2, t2, and t4, respectively, then key release starts, and SW3 and SW4 turn off at t5 and t6, respectively. Then, the key is pressed again from the half-pressed state where the key is pressed shallowly, and SW3, SW4 are turned on at t7, t8, and then released, and SW4, SW3, SW2, SW1 are t9, t10, t11, The case where it turns off one by one at t12 is shown.

In this case, AllOffFlag is set (= 1) at t4 and reset (= 0) at t12. Accordance with the above counter routine (A), (B), the velocity of key pressing from all key released state is calculated based on the time dT ₁ of t1 to t2, velocity of key pressing from the half-release key state It will be calculated based on the time dT ₂ of t7 to t8. In other words, AllOffFlag determines whether the key is pressed from the full key release state or from the half key release state, so that the time from when SW1 is turned on to when SW2 is turned on or SW3 is turned on Then, one of the time from when SW4 is turned on is selected and used for velocity calculation.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, it is also possible to arrange five or more keyboard switches for each key in the key press depth direction position, and select the appropriate combination of the two to be used for calculating the key touch information. Thus, the keyboard switch can be selected and used for calculating the key touch information so that the key touch information that reflects the intention of the performer can be obtained. However, it is necessary to consider that the key touch information can be calculated even when the key is pressed again from the half key release state before the full key release. For example, when five keyboard switches are arranged, one set of the keyboard switch at the shallowest position and the second shallowest position in the key pressing depth direction is a set, and the third and fourth shallowest keyboard switch or fourth switch. The keyboard switch at the shallowest position and the deepest position can be used as one set.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the electronic musical tone generator with which this invention is applied. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the keyboard switch arrange | positioned with respect to each key of a keyboard. It is a main flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the electronic musical tone generator of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the event process of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows a timer interruption. It is a flowchart which shows the flag control routine which controls AllOffFlag. It is a flowchart which shows the counter routine (A) which calculates | requires the velocity at the time of making it sound by a key press process. It is a flowchart which shows the counter routine (B) which calculates | requires the velocity at the time of making it sound by a key press process. It is a flowchart which shows a key pressing process. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the operation | movement at the time of key pressing.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Operation panel, 5 ... Panel interface (I / F), 6 ... Keyboard (keyboard), 7 ... Keyboard I / F, 8 ... MIDI I / F, 9 ... Tone generator, 10 ... D / A converter, 11 ... Output amplifier (AMP), 12 ... Speaker, 13. ··bus

Claims (3)

In an electronic musical tone generator that calculates key touch information based on on / off of a keyboard switch arranged at a key pressing depth direction position for each key of the keyboard, and generates a musical tone according to the key touch information.
At least four first to fourth keyboard switches sequentially arranged at different positions in the key pressing depth direction for each key of the keyboard;
First key-pressing speed detecting means for measuring a time from when the first keyboard switch is turned on until the second keyboard switch is turned on;
Second key-pressing speed detecting means for measuring a time from when the third keyboard switch is turned on to when the fourth keyboard switch is turned on;
First key touch information calculating means for calculating key touch information based on the time measured by the first key pressing speed detecting means;
Second key touch information calculating means for calculating key touch information based on the time measured by the second key pressing speed detecting means;
When a key is pressed from a fully-released state in which all of the first to fourth keyboard switches are off, a tone is generated according to the key touch information calculated by the first key touch information calculating means. The key touch information calculated by the second key touch information calculation means is applied to a key depression from a half key release state in which the first keyboard switch is on and the third keyboard switch is off. An electronic musical sound generator characterized by generating musical sounds in response.   It is provided with five or more keyboard switches sequentially arranged at different positions in the key pressing depth direction for each key of the keyboard, and the first to fourth keyboard switches can be selected from among them. The electronic musical sound generator according to claim 1, wherein   Two keyboard switches arranged in a position where the key pressing depth direction is the third or deeper among the five or more keyboard switches are selected and used as the third and fourth keyboard switches. The electronic musical sound generator according to claim 2,

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