JP2007285703A - High-temperature tensile testing jig - Google Patents

High-temperature tensile testing jig Download PDF

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JP2007285703A
JP2007285703A JP2006109639A JP2006109639A JP2007285703A JP 2007285703 A JP2007285703 A JP 2007285703A JP 2006109639 A JP2006109639 A JP 2006109639A JP 2006109639 A JP2006109639 A JP 2006109639A JP 2007285703 A JP2007285703 A JP 2007285703A
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test piece
jig
temperature tensile
cylindrical hole
test
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JP4700546B2 (en
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Katsuyuki Yanagihara
勝幸 柳原
Schutz Michael
シュッツェ ミヒャエル
Renusch Daniel
レニッシュ ダニエル
Rohr Matthias
ローア マシアス
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-temperature tensile testing jig, capable of easily performing the aligning work of a test piece in a high-temperature tensile test and the detachment of the test piece, after testing, and capable of accurately evaluating high-temperature oxidation characteristics under utilization environment. <P>SOLUTION: The high-temperature tensile testing jig is constituted so as to fix the I-shaped test piece, wherein the support parts are formed to both ends of a gauge part via an intermediate part so as to become large in thickness and width, in the order of the gauge part, the intermediate part and the support parts, to a high-temperature tensile test and comprises a cylindrical hole part for introducing the support parts of the I-shaped test piece to grasp them, and the parallel opening part formed continuously to the side surface of the cylindrical hole part for introducing the intermediate part of the I-shaped test piece. The diameter of the cylindrical hole part is larger than the width of the parallel opening part, and the width of the parallel opening part is smaller than the thickness of each of the support parts of the I-shaped test piece. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は高温下で試験片に引張応力を加えることにより、試験片の高温酸化特性を評価する高温引張試験用冶具に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a high-temperature tensile test jig for evaluating high-temperature oxidation characteristics of a test piece by applying a tensile stress to the test piece at a high temperature.

一般にボイラーチューブやタービンブレードなどの高温環境下で使用される部材の高温耐食性を向上させる手段として、金属または合金からなる部材表面にセラミックス被膜をコーティングしたり、合金中にＣｒ、ＡｌおよびＳｉなどを添加して合金表面に高温耐酸化性に優れる保護性酸化皮膜を形成させる方法が知られている。しかし、これらの部材は使用環境下で自重や遠心力などの引張応力を受けた場合に、部材表面に施されたセラミックス皮膜や保護性酸化皮膜中に亀裂が生じ、さらには皮膜が剥離する場合があり、高温耐酸化性の急激な低下、さらには、皮膜の剥離によりチューブの閉塞やタービンの損傷を招く原因になる。   As a means to improve the high temperature corrosion resistance of members generally used in high temperature environments such as boiler tubes and turbine blades, a ceramic film is coated on the surface of a member made of metal or alloy, or Cr, Al, Si, etc. are coated in the alloy. A method is known in which a protective oxide film having excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance is formed on the alloy surface. However, when these members are subjected to tensile stress such as their own weight or centrifugal force under the usage environment, cracks may occur in the ceramic film or protective oxide film applied to the surface of the member, and the film may be peeled off. This causes a rapid decrease in high-temperature oxidation resistance, and further causes a clogging of the tube or damage to the turbine due to peeling of the film.

このような高温耐食性部材を上記使用環境下で使用する際の耐久性を評価するための試験として高温引張試験が知られている。高温引張試験は、使用環境での高温で、試験片に引張応力を負荷し、試験後の試験片の組織観察により、セラミックス皮膜や保護性酸化皮膜の破壊挙動および剥離特性を評価するものである。従来、高温引張試験において、試験片に引張応力を負荷する際の軸心のずれなどにより、試験片表面の皮膜に亀裂が多く生じ、使用環境下での引張応力の影響を踏まえた正しい評価ができない問題があった。この高温引張試験における軸心のずれによる曲げ応力を減少させる方法として、試験片と治具との間に柔軟な金属箔や紛体層などを緩衝材として用いる方法（例えば、特許文献１参照）、玉軸受、基体軸受などを用いる方法、自動調心形保持装置を用いる方法などが提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照）。   A high-temperature tensile test is known as a test for evaluating the durability when using such a high-temperature corrosion-resistant member in the above-mentioned use environment. The high-temperature tensile test evaluates the fracture behavior and peeling characteristics of ceramic coatings and protective oxide coatings by applying tensile stress to the test strips at high temperatures in the usage environment and observing the structure of the test strips after the test. . Conventionally, in a high-temperature tensile test, the film on the surface of the specimen has many cracks due to misalignment of the shaft center when tensile stress is applied to the specimen, and correct evaluation based on the influence of tensile stress in the usage environment has been made. There was a problem that could not be done. As a method for reducing the bending stress due to misalignment of the shaft center in this high-temperature tensile test, a method using a flexible metal foil or a powder layer as a buffer material between the test piece and the jig (see, for example, Patent Document 1), A method using a ball bearing, a base bearing, etc., a method using a self-aligning type holding device, and the like have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2).

しかし、従来の緩衝材または軸受を用いた高温引張試験用冶具による調心方法では、その効果が十分ではなく、自動調心形保持装置による調心は効果が得られるものの、冶具の設定および調心作業が煩雑となり、冶具が大きくなるために、試験片の形状、加熱炉の大きさなどが制約を受けるという問題があった。   However, the conventional alignment method using a jig for high-temperature tensile testing using a cushioning material or a bearing is not sufficiently effective, and alignment by an automatic alignment type holding device is effective, but the setting and alignment of the jig are not effective. Since the mental work becomes complicated and the jig becomes large, there is a problem that the shape of the test piece, the size of the heating furnace, and the like are restricted.

高温引張試験では、試験中に試験片表面および試験片を固定する冶具表面に酸化物が形成することにより、試験片と冶具が酸化物により固着する場合がある。或いは、高温度で冶具に損傷や変形する場合も生じる。この場合、試験後の試験片を冶具から取り外す際に、試験片に曲げ応力や衝撃が加わり、表面の酸化皮膜中に亀裂が入り、脆くなった酸化物層をさらに破壊し、やはり使用環境下での酸化物層の破壊挙動や特性を正しく評価できないという問題が生じる。   In the high-temperature tensile test, an oxide may be formed on the surface of the test piece and the jig surface on which the test piece is fixed during the test, whereby the test piece and the jig may be fixed by the oxide. Alternatively, the jig may be damaged or deformed at a high temperature. In this case, when removing the test piece after the test from the jig, bending stress or impact is applied to the test piece, and the oxide film on the surface is cracked to further break the fragile oxide layer. This causes a problem that the fracture behavior and characteristics of the oxide layer cannot be evaluated correctly.

この対策として、高温での冶具の損傷を防ぐために冶具の表面にモリブデンペーストを塗布する方法が知られている。しかし、この方法では、高温時にモリブデンペーストの一部がガス化し、加熱炉内の雰囲気を汚染したり、剥離したモリブデンペーストの清掃が煩雑となるという問題があった。   As a countermeasure against this, a method of applying a molybdenum paste to the surface of the jig is known in order to prevent the jig from being damaged at a high temperature. However, this method has a problem that part of the molybdenum paste is gasified at a high temperature, contaminating the atmosphere in the heating furnace, and cleaning of the peeled molybdenum paste becomes complicated.

また、水冷装置を備えた冶具の使用により、冶具の熱損傷や酸化物の生成を抑制する方法もある（例えば、特許文献３参照）が、この方法は、高温での水漏れによる水蒸気爆発などの恐れがあり、また、装置や冶具が大きくなるという問題がある。   In addition, there is a method of suppressing the thermal damage of the jig and the generation of oxide by using a jig equipped with a water cooling device (see, for example, Patent Document 3), but this method is a steam explosion caused by water leakage at a high temperature. In addition, there is a problem that the apparatus and the jig become large.

また、小型の電気炉を用いて試験片を部分的に加熱する手法も提案されている（例えば、特許文献４参照）。この方法によれば、治具により試験片を固定する部分は、高温にはならないため比較的小型の冶具を用いることが可能となるが、高温引張試験による測定部分のゲージ部が小さくなるため、使用環境下での条件を再現できない場合が生じ、適用が制限させる問題が生じる。   Moreover, the method of heating a test piece partially using a small electric furnace is also proposed (for example, refer patent document 4). According to this method, it is possible to use a relatively small jig because the part that fixes the test piece with the jig does not reach a high temperature, but the gauge part of the measurement part by the high temperature tensile test becomes small. There may be a case where the conditions under the usage environment cannot be reproduced, resulting in a problem that the application is limited.

また、通常の高温度クリープ試験では、ねじ込み方式により試験片と冶具を固定することが行なわれている。しかし、ねじ込み方式は、高温での試験片と冶具の接触部が多いため、高温での金属接合や酸化物による固着が顕著となるため、このましくない。   In a normal high temperature creep test, a test piece and a jig are fixed by a screwing method. However, the screwing method is not preferable because there are many contact portions between the test piece and the jig at high temperature, and metal bonding at high temperature and sticking due to oxide become remarkable.

また、一般の引張試験で用いられるチャック式の冶具は、試験片を固定する場合に冶具が大きくなるため、試験片の形状、および、加熱炉および試験機の大きさなどに制約を受けるという問題がある。   In addition, the chuck-type jig used in general tensile tests has a problem that the jig becomes large when fixing the test piece, so that the shape of the test piece and the size of the heating furnace and the testing machine are restricted. There is.

したがって、従来に方法に比べて、簡易的な方法で、高温引張試験時に適正な調芯ができ、高温での試験片と冶具との酸化物生成や熱変形による固定を抑制でき、使用環境条件での高温耐酸化特性の正しい評価ができる方法の開発が望まれていた。   Therefore, compared with the conventional method, it can be properly aligned during a high-temperature tensile test by a simple method, can suppress the formation of oxide between the test piece and jig at high temperature and fixation due to thermal deformation, and the use environment conditions The development of a method that can correctly evaluate the high-temperature oxidation resistance characteristics at high temperature has been desired.

特開平５−３２２７２５号公報JP-A-5-322725 特開平４−３０１７４０号公報JP-A-4-301740 特開昭５９−２２２７４４号公報JP 59-222744 A 特開平７−２６０６５４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-260654

本発明は上記従来技術の問題点に鑑みて、高温度引張試験における試験片の調心作業、および、試験後の試験片の取り外しが容易にでき、使用環境下の高温酸化特性の正しい評価が可能となる高温引張試験用冶具を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention makes it easy to align a test piece in a high-temperature tensile test and to remove the test piece after the test, and to correctly evaluate the high-temperature oxidation characteristics in the use environment. An object of the present invention is to provide a jig for high-temperature tensile testing that can be performed.

上記課題を解決するための本発明は、以下のとおりである。
（１）ゲージ部、中間部、支持部の順に厚み及び幅が大きくなるように、前記ゲージ部の両端に中間部を介して支持部が形成されたＩ型試験片を高温引張試験に固定するための高温引張試験用治具であって、前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部を導入し把持するための円筒形穴部と、該円筒形穴部の側面に連続して形成された前記Ｉ型試験片の中間部を導入するための平行開口部とからなり、前記円筒形穴部の直径は前記平行開口部の幅より大きく、かつ該平行開口部の幅は前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部の厚みより小さいことを特徴とする高温引張試験用治具。
（２）前記試験片の支持部は前記中間部と滑らかな曲率を有する凸状部を介して接続され、該凸状部と前記高温引張試験用治具の円筒形穴部が線接触していることを特徴する上記（１）記載の高温引張試験用治具。
（３）前記高温引張試験用治具の円筒形穴部および平行開口部のうちの少なくとも円筒形穴部の表面には、アルミ拡散処理が施されていることを特徴とする上記（１）または（２）に記載の高温引張試験用治具。 The present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
(1) An I-type test piece having support portions formed at both ends of the gauge portion via intermediate portions is fixed to a high-temperature tensile test so that the thickness and width increase in the order of the gauge portion, the intermediate portion, and the support portion. A jig for high-temperature tensile testing for introducing a cylindrical hole for introducing and holding a supporting part of the I-type test piece, and the I-type formed continuously on a side surface of the cylindrical hole A parallel opening for introducing an intermediate part of the test piece, the diameter of the cylindrical hole is larger than the width of the parallel opening, and the width of the parallel opening is the support part of the I-type test piece A jig for high-temperature tensile testing, characterized by being smaller than the thickness.
(2) The support portion of the test piece is connected to the intermediate portion via a convex portion having a smooth curvature, and the convex portion and the cylindrical hole portion of the high-temperature tensile test jig are in line contact. The high-temperature tensile test jig according to (1) above, wherein
(3) The aluminum diffusion treatment is performed on at least a surface of the cylindrical hole portion of the cylindrical hole portion and the parallel opening portion of the jig for high-temperature tensile test. (2) A jig for high-temperature tensile testing according to (2).

本発明によれば、高温度引張応力試験において試験片と線接触で固定することができる治具を用い、高温度引張試験における試験片の調心作業、および、試験後の試験片の取り外しが容易にできるため、使用環境下の高温酸化特性の正しい評価が可能となる。   According to the present invention, using a jig that can be fixed in line contact with a test piece in a high-temperature tensile stress test, alignment of the test piece in a high-temperature tensile test and removal of the test piece after the test can be performed. Since it can be easily performed, it is possible to correctly evaluate the high-temperature oxidation characteristics in the use environment.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

先ず、高温引張試験用治具の前提となる高温引張試験用試験片の形状について説明する。   First, the shape of a high-temperature tensile test specimen that is a premise of a high-temperature tensile test jig will be described.

図１は代表的な高温引張試験用Ｉ型試験片の模式図を示し、（ａ）はＩ型試験片の正面図であり、（ｂ）はＩ型試験片の側面図である。なお、（ａ）の正面図は、Ｉ型試験片を後述する高温引張試験用治具（図２の（ａ）参照）の円筒形穴部の開口部に挿入した場合の正面図（図３の（ａ）参照）に対応する。   FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a typical I-type test piece for high-temperature tensile testing, (a) is a front view of the I-type test piece, and (b) is a side view of the I-type test piece. The front view of (a) is a front view when an I-type test piece is inserted into an opening of a cylindrical hole of a high-temperature tensile test jig (see FIG. 2 (a)) described later (FIG. 3). (See (a)).

図に示すように、高温引張試験用Ｉ型試験片は、長手方向中央部のゲージ部１１の中心に対して上下対称な形状であり、ゲージ部１１、中間部１２、支持部１４の順に厚みｔ０、ｔ１、ｔ２及び幅ｗ０、ｗ１、ｗ２が大きくなるように、ゲージ部１４とこのゲージ部１４の上下両端に中間部１２を介して支持部１４が形成されている。前記ゲージ部１１は高温引張試験により変形する部分であり、その上下両端部に形成された中間部１２は、高温引張試験時にゲージ部１１の温度を均一にし、使用環境条件に則した精度の良い試験を可能とする。前記支持部１４は、後述する高温引張試験用治具に固定される部分に対応する。なお、支持部１４は、中間部１２と滑らかな曲率を有する凸状部１３を介して接続されていることが試験時の調心や試験後の取り外しをより容易にするために好ましい。 As shown in the figure, the high-temperature tensile test type I test piece has a vertically symmetric shape with respect to the center of the gauge part 11 at the center in the longitudinal direction. The support part 14 is formed via the intermediate part 12 at the upper and lower ends of the gauge part 14 and the gauge part 14 so that t 0 , t 1 , t 2 and the widths w 0 , w 1 , w 2 are increased. . The gauge portion 11 is a portion that is deformed by a high temperature tensile test, and the intermediate portions 12 formed at both upper and lower end portions make the temperature of the gauge portion 11 uniform during the high temperature tensile test and have high accuracy in accordance with the use environment conditions. Enable testing. The support portion 14 corresponds to a portion fixed to a jig for high-temperature tensile testing described later. In addition, it is preferable that the support part 14 is connected to the intermediate part 12 via the convex part 13 having a smooth curvature in order to facilitate alignment during the test and removal after the test.

また、Ｉ型試験片および治具の小型化しつつ強度を維持するために試験片のゲージ部１１、中間部１２、支持部１４の厚みｔ０、ｔ１、ｔ２に比べて、幅ｗ０、ｗ１、ｗ２が大きくなるようにするのが好ましい。また、試験片のゲージ部１１の形状は、円柱または角柱などその形状は問わないが、中間部１２および端部１４は、強度を維持するために角柱状とするのが好ましい。 Further, in order to maintain the strength while reducing the size of the I-type test piece and the jig, the width w 0 compared to the thicknesses t 0 , t 1 and t 2 of the gauge part 11, the intermediate part 12 and the support part 14 of the test piece. , W 1 and w 2 are preferably increased. Moreover, the shape of the gauge part 11 of a test piece does not ask | require the shape, such as a cylinder or a prism, but it is preferable that the intermediate part 12 and the edge part 14 are made into a prismatic shape in order to maintain intensity | strength.

次に、本発明の高温引張試験用治具の形状および前記Ｉ型試験片の固定する方法について説明する。   Next, the shape of the high-temperature tensile test jig of the present invention and the method for fixing the I-type test piece will be described.

図２は、Ｉ型試験片を固定する高温引張試験用冶具の模式図を示し、（ａ）は高温引張試験用冶具の正面図であり、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面図であり、（ｃ）は（ａ）の下方から見た下面図である。なお、（ａ）の正面図は、後述するＩ型試験片を治具の円筒形穴部の開口部に挿入した場合の正面図（図３の（ａ）参照）に対応する。   FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a high-temperature tensile test jig for fixing a type I test piece, (a) is a front view of the high-temperature tensile test jig, and (b) is an AA ′ cross section of (a). It is a figure, (c) is the bottom view seen from the downward direction of (a). In addition, the front view of (a) respond | corresponds to the front view at the time of inserting the I-type test piece mentioned later into the opening part of the cylindrical hole part of a jig | tool (refer (a) of FIG. 3).

本発明の高温引張試験用冶具は、前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部１４を導入し把持するための円筒形穴部２２と、この円筒形穴部２２の側面に連続して形成された前記Ｉ型試験片の中間部１２を導入するための平行開口部２１とからなり、前記円筒形穴部２２の直径Ｒ１は、前記平行開口部２１の幅ｄ１より大きく、かつこの平行開口部２１の幅ｄ１は前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部１４の厚みｔ２より小さい。 The jig for high-temperature tensile testing according to the present invention includes a cylindrical hole 22 for introducing and holding the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece, and the I formed continuously on the side surface of the cylindrical hole 22. The cylindrical hole portion 22 has a diameter R 1 larger than a width d 1 of the parallel opening portion 21 and the parallel opening portion 21. The width d 1 is smaller than the thickness t 2 of the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece.

なお、上記円筒形穴部２２の直径Ｒ１は、前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部１４を導入するために、この支持部１４の厚みｔ２に比べて大きくし、平行開口部２１の幅ｄ１は前記Ｉ型試験片の中間部１２を導入するために、この中間部１２の厚みｔ１に比べて大きくすることは言うまでもない。 The diameter R 1 of the cylindrical hole portion 22 is larger than the thickness t 2 of the support portion 14 in order to introduce the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece, and the width d of the parallel opening portion 21. 1 in order to introduce the intermediate portion 12 of the I-type test piece, increasing course than the thickness t 1 of the intermediate portion 12.

また、上記円筒形穴部２２は、前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部１４を導入するための開口部が少なくとも１つあれば良いので、円筒形穴部２２を冶具に貫通させてもよい。   Further, since the cylindrical hole portion 22 only needs to have at least one opening for introducing the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece, the cylindrical hole portion 22 may be passed through a jig.

この図では、円柱状の冶具を示すが、この冶具の直径Ｒ２は、冶具の強度を確保するために、円筒形穴部２２の直径Ｒ１に比べて十分に大きくすることが好ましい。 In this figure shows a cylindrical jig, the diameter R 2 of the jig, in order to ensure the strength of the jig, it is preferable to sufficiently larger than the diameter R 1 of the cylindrical hole 22.

図３は、Ｉ型試験片を高温引張試験用治具に固定した状態の模式図を示し、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ’断面図を示す。   3A and 3B are schematic views showing a state in which the I-type test piece is fixed to a jig for high-temperature tensile test. FIG. 3A is a front view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view along B-B ′ in FIG.

図に示されるようにＩ型試験片１を高温引張試験用治具２に固定する場合は、上下に対称に配置された高温引張試験用治具２のそれぞれの円筒形穴部２２および平行開口部２１にＩ型試験片１の上下にある支持部１４および中間部１２をそれぞれ挿入した後、何れか１方の高温引張試験用治具２を移動させてＩ型試験片１に引張応力を付加させてＩ型試験片１の軸心を調整するとともに高温引張試験用治具２に固定させる。この際、高温引張試験用治具２の円筒形穴部２２とＩ型試験片１の支持部１４とは、線接触しているため、前記試験片１を前記治具２の円筒形穴部２２に挿入した時点では、試験片１と治具２の軸線が一致していなくても、引張応力が付加されることにより試験片１が円筒形穴部２２内で摺動して容易に軸線を一致させることができる。   As shown in the figure, when fixing the I-type test piece 1 to the high-temperature tensile test jig 2, the cylindrical hole portions 22 and parallel openings of the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 arranged symmetrically in the vertical direction. After inserting the support part 14 and the intermediate part 12 at the top and bottom of the I-type test piece 1 into the part 21, respectively, one of the high-temperature tensile test jigs 2 is moved to apply tensile stress to the I-type test piece 1. In addition, the axis of the I-type test piece 1 is adjusted and fixed to the high-temperature tensile test jig 2. At this time, since the cylindrical hole portion 22 of the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 and the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece 1 are in line contact, the test piece 1 is attached to the cylindrical hole portion of the jig 2. Even when the axis of the test piece 1 and the jig 2 do not coincide with each other at the time of insertion into the test piece 22, the test piece 1 slides in the cylindrical hole portion 22 by applying a tensile stress, so that Can be matched.

この場合、Ｉ型試験片１の支持部１４は中間部１２と滑らかな曲率を有する凸状部１３を介して接続するようにすると、この凸状部１３と前記高温引張試験用治具２の円筒形穴部２２との線接触部の摺動が滑らかになるため、引張応力の付加による調心作業が容易となり、また、試験後にＩ型試験片１を取り外しも容易となるため好ましい。   In this case, if the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece 1 is connected to the intermediate portion 12 via the convex portion 13 having a smooth curvature, the convex portion 13 and the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 Since the sliding of the line contact portion with the cylindrical hole portion 22 becomes smooth, alignment work by applying a tensile stress is facilitated, and the I-type test piece 1 can be easily removed after the test, which is preferable.

また、高温引張試験用治具２の平行開口部２１の幅ｄ１はＩ型試験片１の中間部１２の厚みｔ１より大きくし、所定の間隔を持たせることにより引張応力の付加による調心の際に水平方向でのねじれが容易に調整できるため、より簡便で短時間で調心作業が行なえる。 Further, the width d 1 of the parallel opening 21 of the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 is larger than the thickness t 1 of the intermediate portion 12 of the I-type test piece 1 and is adjusted by adding a tensile stress by giving a predetermined interval. Since the torsion in the horizontal direction can be easily adjusted at the heart, alignment work can be performed more simply and in a short time.

また、上記高温引張試験用治具２の円筒形穴部２２および平行開口部２１にＩ型試験片１の支持部１４および中間部１２を挿入する際の挿入距離は、（ｂ）に示す治具２の断面中心に試験片１の幅方向の中心がほぼ一致するまで挿入する。なお、この挿入後に行われる試験片１の引張応力付加による調心作業において試験片１の中心と治具２の中心が多少ずれることは、無視し得るものである。   Further, the insertion distance when the support portion 14 and the intermediate portion 12 of the I-type test piece 1 are inserted into the cylindrical hole portion 22 and the parallel opening portion 21 of the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 is set as shown in FIG. Insert until the center of the width direction of the test piece 1 substantially coincides with the center of the cross section of the tool 2. Note that it is negligible that the center of the test piece 1 and the center of the jig 2 are slightly deviated in the alignment work performed by applying tensile stress to the test piece 1 performed after the insertion.

高温引張試験は、使用環境の高温度条件で、上記Ｉ型試験片１に上記高温引張試験用治具２を用いて所定時間、所定の引張応力を保持した後、引張応力を解放し、Ｉ型試験片１を治具２から取り外して、Ｉ型試験片１のゲージ部１１の組織観察を行なうことにより高温酸化特性を評価する。   In the high temperature tensile test, the I type test piece 1 is held at a predetermined tensile stress for a predetermined time using the high temperature tensile test jig 2 under the high temperature condition of the usage environment, and then the tensile stress is released. The mold test piece 1 is removed from the jig 2 and the structure of the gauge portion 11 of the I-type test piece 1 is observed to evaluate the high temperature oxidation characteristics.

本発明の高温引張試験用治具２は、高温引張試験においてＩ型試験片１の支持部１４と治具２の円筒形穴部２２とは線接触であり、接触面積が小さいため、高温引張試験時に酸化物が生成しＩ型試験片１の支持部１４と治具２の円筒形穴部２２とが固着することがなく、試験後に試験片１をその表面状態を維持しつつ治具２から容易に取り外すことが可能となる。   In the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 of the present invention, the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece 1 and the cylindrical hole portion 22 of the jig 2 are in line contact in a high-temperature tensile test, and the contact area is small. Oxide is generated during the test, and the support portion 14 of the I-type test piece 1 and the cylindrical hole portion 22 of the jig 2 do not adhere to each other, and the jig 2 while maintaining the surface state of the test piece 1 after the test. It can be easily removed from.

また、高温引張試験用治具２の円筒形穴部２２および平行開口部２１のうちの少なくとも円筒形穴部２２の表面に例えば、パックセメンテーション法などの方法を用いてアルミ拡散処理を施こすと、高温引張試験において治具２表面に薄いＡｌ２Ｏ３の保護性酸化皮膜が形成され、酸化物による試験片１との固着を確実に防止することができるため、好ましい。また、Ｉ型試験片１の支持部１４と中間部１２にも治具２と同様なアルミ拡散処理を施こすことは、上記と同様な保護性酸化皮膜を表面に形成し、酸化物による試験片１と治具２との固着を防止するためにより好ましい。 Further, at least the surface of the cylindrical hole 22 of the cylindrical hole 22 and the parallel opening 21 of the high-temperature tensile test jig 2 is subjected to an aluminum diffusion process using a method such as a pack cementation method. In the high temperature tensile test, a thin Al 2 O 3 protective oxide film is formed on the surface of the jig 2, and it is possible to surely prevent the oxide from adhering to the test piece 1, which is preferable. Further, when the aluminum diffusion treatment similar to that of the jig 2 is applied to the support portion 14 and the intermediate portion 12 of the I-type test piece 1, a protective oxide film similar to the above is formed on the surface, and an oxide test is performed. It is more preferable in order to prevent the piece 1 and the jig 2 from sticking to each other.

なお、例えば、パックセメンテーション法により治具２表面をアルミ拡散処理処理する際の条件は、高温引張試験の試験条件に応じて治具２および／または試験片１の表面に形成したＡｌ２Ｏ３皮膜が保持できるだけのＡｌ量が拡散するような条件とすればよい。 In addition, for example, the conditions for the aluminum diffusion treatment on the surface of the jig 2 by the pack cementation method are Al 2 O formed on the surface of the jig 2 and / or the test piece 1 according to the test conditions of the high temperature tensile test. The conditions may be such that the amount of Al that can be retained by the three coatings diffuses.

なお、パックセメンテーション法により治具２表面をアルミ拡散処理処理した後は、Ｉ型試験片１のゲージ部１１に形成されたＡｌ拡散層を研削して除去し、評価材に応じてゲージ部１１をそのまま、或いは、ゲージ部１１に所定のセラミックス皮膜または保護性酸化皮膜を施して高温引張試験を行なう。   In addition, after the aluminum diffusion treatment is performed on the surface of the jig 2 by the pack cementation method, the Al diffusion layer formed on the gauge portion 11 of the I-type test piece 1 is removed by grinding, and the gauge portion according to the evaluation material 11 is used as it is, or a high-temperature tensile test is performed by applying a predetermined ceramic film or protective oxide film to the gauge part 11.

Ｆｅの素材を用いてゲージ部１１の長さＬと幅ｗ０が１０ｍｍで、厚みｔ０が４ｍｍの図１に示す形状のＩ型試験片を作製した。また、Ａｌｌｏｙ８００Ｈの素材を用いて図２に示す形状の高温引張試験用冶具を作製した。高温引張試験に先立ち、Ｉ型試験片は２５ｍａｓｓ％Ａｌ−３ｍａｓｓ％ＮＨ４Ｃｌ−７２ｍａｓｓ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３の混合粉末に埋め込み、Ａｒ−１０％Ｈ２雰囲気中で８００℃において５ｈパックセメンテーション法によるアルミ拡散処理を施した。また、高温引張試験用冶具は５ｍａｓｓ％Ａｌ−０．５ｍａｓｓ％ＮＨ４Ｃｌ−９４．５ｍａｓｓ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３の混合粉末に埋め込み、Ａｒ−１０％Ｈ２雰囲気中で９００℃において７ｈパックセメンテーション法によるアルミ拡散処理を施した。上記アルミ拡散処理により、試験片および高温引張試験用冶具ではそれぞれ表面から約３００μｍおよび約５０μｍの領域にＡｌの拡散領域が形成された。その後、試験片のゲージ部１１は４面とも表面から５００μｍの領域まで研削し、アルミ拡散処理処理によるＡｌの拡散領域を除去した。 An I-type test piece having a shape shown in FIG. 1 having a length L and a width w 0 of 10 mm and a thickness t 0 of 4 mm was prepared using an Fe material. Further, a high temperature tensile test jig having the shape shown in FIG. 2 was produced using an alloy 800H material. Prior to the high-temperature tensile test, the type I test piece was embedded in a mixed powder of 25 mass% Al-3 mass% NH 4 Cl-72 mass% Al 2 O 3 and packed in an Ar-10% H 2 atmosphere at 800 ° C. for 5 hours. Aluminum diffusion treatment was applied. The jig for high-temperature tensile testing was embedded in a mixed powder of 5 mass% Al-0.5 mass% NH 4 Cl-94.5 mass% Al 2 O 3 and packed for 7 hours at 900 ° C. in an Ar-10% H 2 atmosphere. The aluminum diffusion treatment by the method was performed. By the aluminum diffusion treatment, Al diffusion regions were formed in the regions of about 300 μm and about 50 μm from the surface of the test piece and the high-temperature tensile test jig, respectively. Thereafter, all the four gauge portions 11 of the test piece were ground from the surface to a region of 500 μm, and the Al diffusion region was removed by the aluminum diffusion treatment.

上方に配置された冶具に試験片の支持部１４を引掛けて試験機を稼動させて、下方に配置された冶具と試験片が接し、さらに引張応力が１００Ｎになるまで稼動して試験片と冶具の軸線が一致させるように調心作業をおこなった。この結果、試験片を冶具に挿入した際には、試験片と冶具の軸線が一致していなかったが、引張応力をかけることにより試験片が摺動され容易かつ短時間で軸線を一致させることができた。   The test machine is operated by hooking the test piece support 14 on the upper jig, and the lower jig is brought into contact with the test piece, and the test piece is operated until the tensile stress reaches 100 N. Alignment work was done so that the axis of the jig would match. As a result, when the test piece was inserted into the jig, the axis of the test piece and the jig did not match, but the test piece was slid by applying a tensile stress, and the axis line was easily matched in a short time. I was able to.

その後、さらに、試験片と冶具の軸線を保つために、昇温過程を含め高温酸化中はクリープ現象が無視できるほど微小な応力である１Ｎの引張応力が常にかかるように試験機を制御し、大気中において８００℃において８ｈの酸化処理後に８００℃において引張試験を行った。   After that, in order to keep the axis of the test piece and the jig, the testing machine is controlled so that the creep stress is always so small that the creep phenomenon can be ignored during the high temperature oxidation including the temperature rising process. A tensile test was performed at 800 ° C. after an oxidation treatment at 800 ° C. for 8 hours in the air.

試験後に引張応力が１Ｎとなるまで除加し、引張応力が１Ｎで一定となるように試験機を制御しながら室温まで冷却した。冷却後に試験機を負の引張り応力が負荷されるように稼動させ、約１０Ｎの負の引張り応力で試験片が冶具から容易に離れ、スケールの破壊がない状態で試験片を取り外すことができた。   After the test, it was added until the tensile stress became 1N, and it was cooled to room temperature while controlling the testing machine so that the tensile stress was constant at 1N. After cooling, the tester was operated so as to be loaded with negative tensile stress, and the specimen was easily removed from the jig with a negative tensile stress of about 10 N, and the specimen could be removed without any scale breakage. .

本発明の実施形態における代表的な高温引張試験用Ｉ型試験片の模式図であり、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は側面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram of the typical I type test piece for high temperature tensile tests in embodiment of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. 本発明の実施形態における高温引張試験用治具の模式図であり、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＡ−Ａ’断面図、（ｃ）は（ａ）の下方から見た下面図である。It is a schematic diagram of the jig | tool for a high temperature tensile test in embodiment of this invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is AA 'sectional drawing of (a), (c) is from the downward direction of (a). FIG. 本発明の実施形態におけるＩ型試験片を高温引張試験用治具に固定した状態の模式図であり、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ’断面図である。It is a schematic diagram of the state which fixed the I-type test piece in embodiment of this invention to the jig | tool for a high temperature tensile test, (a) is a front view, (b) is BB 'sectional drawing of (a). .

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ Ｉ型試験片
１１ ゲージ部
１２ 中間部
１３ 凸状部
１４ 支持部
２ 高温引張試験用治具
２１ 平行開口部
２２ 円筒形穴部
Ｌ ゲージ部の長さ
ｔ０ ゲージ部の厚み
ｔ１ 中間部の厚み
ｔ２ 支持部の厚み
ｗ０ ゲージ部の幅
ｗ１ 中間部の幅
ｗ２ 支持部の幅
ｄ１ 平行開口部の幅
Ｒ１ 円筒形穴部の直径
Ｒ２ 円柱状治具の直径 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 I type test piece 11 Gauge part 12 Intermediate part 13 Convex part 14 Support part 2 High temperature tensile test jig 21 Parallel opening part 22 Cylindrical hole L Length of gauge part t Thickness of 0 gauge part t 1 Intermediate part Thickness of t 2 Support part thickness w 0 Gauge part width w 1 Intermediate part width w 2 Support part width d 1 Parallel opening width R 1 Cylindrical hole diameter R 2 Cylindrical jig diameter

Claims (3)

ゲージ部、中間部、支持部の順に厚み及び幅が大きくなるように、前記ゲージ部の両端に中間部を介して支持部が形成されたＩ型試験片を高温引張試験に固定するための高温引張試験用治具であって、前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部を導入し把持するための円筒形穴部と、該円筒形穴部の側面に連続して形成された前記Ｉ型試験片の中間部を導入するための平行開口部とからなり、前記円筒形穴部の直径は前記平行開口部の幅より大きく、かつ該平行開口部の幅は前記Ｉ型試験片の支持部の厚みより小さいことを特徴とする高温引張試験用治具。   A high temperature for fixing the I-type test piece in which the support part is formed on both ends of the gauge part via the intermediate part in the high-temperature tensile test so that the thickness and width increase in the order of the gauge part, the intermediate part, and the support part. A jig for a tensile test, comprising: a cylindrical hole for introducing and gripping a support part of the I-type test piece; and a I-type test piece formed continuously on a side surface of the cylindrical hole part. A parallel opening for introducing an intermediate portion, the diameter of the cylindrical hole is larger than the width of the parallel opening, and the width of the parallel opening is larger than the thickness of the support portion of the I-type test piece. A jig for high-temperature tensile testing characterized by its small size. 前記試験片の支持部は前記中間部と滑らかな曲率を有する凸状部を介して接続され、該凸状部と前記高温引張試験用治具の円筒形穴部が線接触していることを特徴する請求項１記載の高温引張試験用治具。   The support part of the test piece is connected to the intermediate part via a convex part having a smooth curvature, and the convex part and the cylindrical hole part of the high-temperature tensile test jig are in line contact. The jig for high-temperature tensile testing according to claim 1, wherein 前記高温引張試験用治具の円筒形穴部および平行開口部のうちの少なくとも円筒形穴部の表面には、アルミ拡散処理が施されていることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の高温引張試験用治具。   3. The aluminum diffusion treatment is performed on at least a surface of the cylindrical hole portion of the cylindrical hole portion and the parallel opening portion of the high-temperature tensile test jig, according to claim 1. High temperature tensile test jig.
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CN104111199A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-10-22 浙江伟星新型建材股份有限公司 Method and device for testing heat-resistant property of hot-melt adhesive
CN104568578A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-29 江苏武进不锈股份有限公司 High-temperature tensile fixture for pipes
CN104655482A (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-05-27 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Connecting structure of tabular tensile sample and fixture, used for high-temperature tensile property test of metal material
CN106153455A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-11-23 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 A kind of nut tensile test equipment
CN110044692A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-23 中国民航大学 A kind of high temperature tension test fixture for fragile material flat test piece
KR20210047589A (en) * 2019-10-22 2021-04-30 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 Jig for Universal Testing Machine with bearing structure for objective retention evaluation of dental prostheses

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CN102221500A (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-10-19 西北工业大学 Clamp for testing tension and compression performance of laminated plate of composite
CN102507343A (en) * 2011-10-13 2012-06-20 重庆大学 Test piece for shape memory alloy pulling and twisting experiment, fixture and device therefor
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CN104111199A (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-10-22 浙江伟星新型建材股份有限公司 Method and device for testing heat-resistant property of hot-melt adhesive
CN104568578A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-04-29 江苏武进不锈股份有限公司 High-temperature tensile fixture for pipes
CN104655482A (en) * 2015-01-20 2015-05-27 华能国际电力股份有限公司 Connecting structure of tabular tensile sample and fixture, used for high-temperature tensile property test of metal material
CN106153455A (en) * 2016-09-23 2016-11-23 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 A kind of nut tensile test equipment
CN110044692A (en) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-23 中国民航大学 A kind of high temperature tension test fixture for fragile material flat test piece
KR20210047589A (en) * 2019-10-22 2021-04-30 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 Jig for Universal Testing Machine with bearing structure for objective retention evaluation of dental prostheses
KR102269205B1 (en) 2019-10-22 2021-06-24 강릉원주대학교 산학협력단 Jig for Universal Testing Machine with bearing structure for objective retention evaluation of dental prostheses

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